CN108614522A - Numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy efficiency on-line monitoring method - Google Patents
Numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy efficiency on-line monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108614522A CN108614522A CN201810597606.6A CN201810597606A CN108614522A CN 108614522 A CN108614522 A CN 108614522A CN 201810597606 A CN201810597606 A CN 201810597606A CN 108614522 A CN108614522 A CN 108614522A
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- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/406—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy efficiency on-line monitoring.This method constructs the numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy efficiency model towards on-line monitoring according to numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system balance equation.The electrical parameter variation characteristic of situation is cut by analyzing lathe military service process, it is proposed that numerically-controlled machine tool military service process cuts period cutting starting point and cuts the automatic distinguishing method of end point；Finally propose numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy efficiency on-line monitoring method.In this way, need to only measure the total power input and main shaft input current of axis system, and the on-line monitoring to lathe military service process axis system energy efficiency can be realized according to selected lathe rotating speed.This method can provide support for researchs such as machine tooling Process Energy improved efficiency, the optimizations of cutting parameter energy saving, have wide application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to numerically-controlled machine tool control technology fields, more particularly to numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy dose-effect
The method of rate on-line monitoring.
Background technology
It has a large capacity and a wide range by the machining system of energy consumption main body of numerically-controlled machine tool, energy expenditure total amount is huge, to environment
Influence it is very huge.Therefore, the energy expenditure of numerically-controlled machine tool operational process how is reduced, numerically-controlled machine tool operational process is promoted
Energy efficiency has become the project paid close attention to jointly for the whole world.British government exists《Britain's low-carbon conversion plan》It is middle to require to arrive the year two thousand twenty
Carbon emission amount reduces 34% on the basis of nineteen ninety.European Union exists within 2013《2030 weathers and energy frame》In point out, to 2030
Year energy efficiency raising 27%.The U.S. proposed to establish specialized agency's concern energy intensive and digital information dense type in 2014
The manufacturing energy uses optimization problem.The year two thousand twenty, emphasis are pointed out in the report of " made in China 2025 " development strategy in China
Industry unit industrial added value energy consumption, material consumption and disposal of pollutants are decreased obviously.
It is promoted for energy efficiency, domestic and international many experts are made that many fruitful researchs.Behrendt etc. is carried
Go out a kind of by building standard workpiece and according to the measurement result under standard laboratory conditions come the energy efficiency to numerically-controlled machine tool
The method evaluated；Diza etc., to the influencing characterisitic of input power, and constructs number to cutting parameter during face milling
Control lathe energy conserving system；Energy-saving scheduling method in Liu et al. process is studied, it is proposed that one kind includes that energy consumption is minimum
The Multiobjective Scheduling method of change；He etc. proposes a kind of energy saving optimizing dispatching method based on Solid Warehouse in Flexible Manufacturing Workshop, and this method is logical
Scheduling is crossed to realize the no-load power consumption in the energy expenditure and process that reduce numerical tool operation process；Wang Qiulian etc. is to machine
The energy efficiency evaluation method of tool system of processing is studied, wherein including mainly energy efficiency evaluation model, energy efficiency
Evaluate the evaluation method of characteristic and assessment indicator system and energy efficiency.Efficiency described above is promoted and management method is required for
The on-line monitoring of energy efficiency provides decision support for it.And due to actual processing during, machining area is sufficiently complex, very
The hardly possible installation equipment such as cutting force measurement instrument, thus by directly measure its output and input realize energy efficiency monitoring with regard to ten
Divide difficulty.
Therefore, the present invention monitors this difficult present situation on-line for energy efficiency, and the present invention proposes that a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool is on active service
Process axis system energy efficiency on-line monitoring method.This method only need to select cutting parameter according to it, and measure numerical control in real time
The electric signal of lathe can realize the on-line monitoring to its energy efficiency.The visualization of workshop efficiency and energy efficiency are promoted
With supporting function well, it is with a wide range of applications.
Invention content
For the problem of current lathe energy efficiency on-line monitoring, the present invention proposes a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool military service process master
Axle system energy efficiency on-line monitoring method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, present invention employs the following technical solutions：
Numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy efficiency on-line monitoring method, includes the following steps：
Step 1：
Disposable test experiment is carried out to numerically-controlled machine tool, to obtain the operation characteristic parameter and model of corresponding numerically-controlled machine tool,
Disposable test experiment specifically includes：
A. the different rotating speed of setting k groups carries out no load test to numerically-controlled machine tool, measures and is recorded under corresponding rotating speed respectively
Three-phase current iu,iv,iw, function h (n) of the equivalent no-load current about rotating speed is constructed, is expressed as：
Wherein, I0For equivalent no-load current；
B., different cutting parameters are set under k group different rotating speeds and carry out cutting experiment, measures respectively and records corresponding situation
Under t moment cutting moment of torque Tc(t) with equivalent current I (t), cutting swelling current is built into rotating speed n and cutting moment of torque Tc
(t) binary function, is expressed as：
Δ I (t)=I (t)-I0=f (n) Tc(t)+g(n)·Tc 2(t), wherein Δ I (t) indicates cutting process
In, the current increment of main shaft of numerical control machine tool system caused by t moment cutting load, f (n) indicates the cutting swelling current of structure
Monomial coefficient of the model about the cutting moment of torque, the coefficient are the function of rotating speed n；G (n) indicates the cutting swelling current mould of structure
Two-term coefficient of the type about the cutting moment of torque, the coefficient are also the function of rotating speed n；
Step 2：
Establish the instantaneous energy efficiency Model of the numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system towards on-line monitoring：
Establish the Process Energy efficiency Model of the numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system towards on-line monitoring：
In formula, Δ I (t) is indicated in cutting process, the main shaft of numerical control machine tool system caused by t moment cutting load
Current increment；tstartIt indicates to measure the time started；tendIt indicates to measure the end time；tNsIt indicates to cut starting point in measurement process
Time；tNeIt indicates to cut the end point time in measurement process.
Step 3：
Acquire the input power P of numerically-controlled machine toolin(t), equivalent current I (t) and rotating speed n；
The instantaneous energy efficiency and mistake of numerically-controlled machine tool are calculated based on instantaneous energy efficiency Model and Process Energy efficiency Model
Journey energy efficiency.
Preferably, in the step 2, judge cutting starting point using cutting starting point discrimination model, tied using cutting
Spot discrimination model judges cutting end point, wherein：
Cut starting point discrimination model：
Cut end point discrimination model：
In formula, INsIndicate the current value of the Ns sampled point measured by current sensor；INeIndicate current sensor institute
The current value of the Ne sampled point measured.χ, δ indicate cutting starting points and end point judgment threshold respectively.
Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following effects that:
1, only according to cutting parameter selected by technical process and machine-tool spindle system input current and input power need to be measured,
It can realize that operating process is simple and practicable to the on-line monitoring of axis system energy efficiency, have to existing numerically-controlled machine tool general
All over applicability；
2, this method needs to build lathe operation characteristic model by disposable test experiment in advance, the operation characteristic mould
Type models directly against cutting load and has fully considered the influence of different loads and rotating speed to growth of load electric current Δ I (t), from
And it more can guarantee monitoring accuracy of this method under different processing conditions；
3, the lathe military service process axis system energy efficiency that the method for the present invention monitors and actual machine tooling process
Error between main shaft energy efficiency is no more than 10%, and the error shows as random error more, is answered with engineering well
With value；
4, the present invention can be used for the acquisition of lathe energy efficiency, lathe and the assessment of workshop energy efficiency and workshop energy efficiency management
And visualization application etc., it has broad application prospects.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow of numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy efficiency on-line monitoring method disclosed by the invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is no-load current disclosed by the invention-shaft speed curves figure；
Fig. 3 is cutting swelling current model curve figure disclosed by the invention；
Fig. 4 is measured power disclosed by the invention and monitoring efficiency comparison diagram.
Specific implementation mode
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention proposes numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy efficiency on-line monitoring method, it should
Method constructs the numerically-controlled machine tool towards on-line monitoring and is on active service according to numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system balance equation
Process axis system energy efficiency model；The electrical parameter variation characteristic of situation is cut by analyzing lathe military service process, it is proposed that
Numerically-controlled machine tool military service process cuts period automatic distinguishing method.In this way, need to only measure the total power input of axis system
And spindle motor current, and can be realized to the online of lathe military service process axis system energy efficiency according to selected lathe rotating speed
Monitoring.
The present invention presses the numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy efficiency towards on-line monitoring that above-mentioned thinking is established
Model is as follows：
Instantaneous energy efficiency Model：
Process Energy efficiency Model：
1, basic model construction method
1.1, no-load current model building method
The construction method of main shaft of numerical control machine tool system no-load current model is：The different rotating speed of k groups is set and carries out zero load in fact
It tests, measure respectively and records the three-phase current i under corresponding rotating speedu,iv,iw, according to experimental record data, construct equivalent zero load
Function of the electric current about rotating speed, is expressed as：
1.2, swelling current model building method is cut
Different cutting parameters are set under k group different rotating speeds and carry out cutting experiments, measure respectively and record it is corresponding in the case of
T moment cutting moment of torque Tc(t) with equivalent current I (t), cutting swelling current is built into rotating speed n and cutting moment of torque Tc(t)
Binary function, be expressed as：
Δ I (t)=I (t)-I0=f (n) Tc(t)+g(n)·Tc 2(t)。
2, numerically-controlled machine tool process cutting time automatic discrimination
According to current parameters change characteristic in cutting process it is found that when lathe drags Tool in Cutting metal, electric current meeting
Increase, use previous moment current value to subtract later moment in time current value just for a negative value at this time, and negative value is bigger, illustrates that cutting is negative
It carries bigger.Therefore, cutting starting point automatic discrimination model construction is：
Similarly, at the end of cutting, for cutter from there is load operation to become no-load running, current value will appear reduction.At this time
It is just a positive value that the current value at cutting moment, which subtracts and is detached from the current value at workpiece moment, and loads bigger in cutting process, then can
Show the difference of bigger.Therefore, cutting end point automatic discrimination model construction is：
In formula, INsIndicate the current value of the Ns sampled point measured by current sensor；INeIndicate current sensor institute
The current value of the Ne sampled point measured.χ, δ indicate respectively cutting starting points and end point judgment threshold, the value of the value with
Machining state is related with current sensor sample frequency.
Embodiment：
Since the instantaneous energy efficiency on-line monitoring method of numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system needs acquisition in real time same
The input power and cutting power at one moment are difficult to accomplish fully synchronized acquisition when verification, and inconvenience is verified herein.Cause
This, below mainly verifies the monitoring accuracy of Process Energy efficiency.
The present embodiment supervises the instantaneous energy efficiency of its axis system in C2-6136HK/1 numerically controlled lathe military service processes
It surveys.In experiment, 3390 power analyzers will be set day and be installed on axis system input point, to measure axis system three-phase input current
And input power；KISTLER 9257B are installed on pallet, the cutting moment of torque for measuring cutting process.Has its process such as
Under：
1) lathe property model obtains
A. no-load current model construction
Described in embodiment 1.1, chooses 4 groups of rotating speeds and carry out 9 no load tests respectively under different periods, measure
And record each phase current values under corresponding rotating speed, by experimental result matched curve as shown in Fig. 2, constructing the unloaded electricity of lathe
Flow model is：
I0=0.0039n+0.5351.
B. swelling current model construction is cut
By selecting different cutting parameters to carry out cutting experiment under 4 groups of rotating speeds of setting, measures respectively and record correspondence
In the case of t moment cutting moment of torque Tc(t) with equivalent current I (t), cutting swelling current is built into rotating speed n and is turned round with cutting
Square Tc(t) binary function.Its figure of swelling current model established under different rotating speeds is as shown in figure 3, that constructs cuts
Cutting swelling current model is：
In the application, f (n)=an2+ bn+c, g (n)=α n2+ β n+ γ, a, b, c, α, β and γ are modeling
Coefficient in the process, value are different according to the difference of lathe.
2) energy efficiency obtains online and error compares
Obtain after the characteristic model of the lathe, it can be achieved that the lathe arbitrarily military service process axis system energy efficiency it is online
Monitoring, herein will monitor the military service Process Energy efficiency of part as shown in the figure on-line.Hard alloy should be used in the process
The cylinder that material is a diameter of φ of 45 steel 59.5 is processed into the cylinder of φ 56.5 by blade.The cutting parameter of selection is as shown in table 1.
1 confirmatory experiment cutting parameter table of table
| Parameter item | Parameter value |
| Rotating speed n (rpm) | 400 |
| Back engagement of the cutting edge asp(rpm) | 1.5 |
| Feed speed f (mm/r) | 0.1 |
The instantaneous energy efficiency obtained according to the energy efficiency on-line monitoring method of proposition and the power process actually measured
Curve is as shown in Figure 4.
The Process Energy efficiency obtained by practical measurement workpiece process energy efficiency and on-line monitoring is respectively such as table 2
It is shown.
2 confirmatory experiment result of table and error
As seen from the results in Table 2, the present invention has higher monitoring accuracy, and easy to operate, has very strong practical application
Value.
Finally illustrate, the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although passing through ginseng
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, invention has been described, it should be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that can
To make various changes to it in the form and details, without departing from of the invention defined by the appended claims
Spirit and scope.
Claims (2)
1. numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy efficiency on-line monitoring method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1：
Disposable test experiment is carried out to numerically-controlled machine tool, to obtain the operation characteristic parameter and model of corresponding numerically-controlled machine tool, once
Property test experiment specifically includes：
A. the different rotating speed of setting k groups carries out no load test to numerically-controlled machine tool, measures respectively and records the three-phase under corresponding rotating speed
Electric current iu,iv,iw, function h (n) of the equivalent no-load current about rotating speed is constructed, is expressed as：
Wherein, I0For equivalent no-load current；
B., different cutting parameters are set under k group different rotating speeds and carry out cutting experiment, measure respectively and record the t in the case of corresponding to
The cutting moment of torque T at momentc(t) with equivalent current I (t), cutting swelling current is built into rotating speed n and cutting moment of torque Tc(t) two
Meta-function is expressed as：
Δ I (t)=I (t)-I0=f (n) Tc(t)+g(n)·Tc 2(t), wherein Δ I (t) is indicated in cutting process, by t
The current increment of main shaft of numerical control machine tool system caused by moment cutting load, f (n) indicate that the cutting swelling current model of structure closes
In the Monomial coefficient of the cutting moment of torque, which is the function of rotating speed n；G (n) indicate structure cutting swelling current model about
The two-term coefficient of the cutting moment of torque, the coefficient are also the function of rotating speed n；
Step 2：
Establish the instantaneous energy efficiency Model of the numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system towards on-line monitoring：
Establish the Process Energy efficiency Model of the numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system towards on-line monitoring：
In formula, Δ I (t) is indicated in cutting process, the electric current of main shaft of numerical control machine tool system caused by t moment cutting load
Increment；tstartIt indicates to measure the time started；tendIt indicates to measure the end time；tNsWhen indicating to cut starting point in measurement process
Between；tNeIt indicates to cut the end point time in measurement process.
Step 3：
Acquire the input power P of numerically-controlled machine toolin(t), equivalent current I (t) and rotating speed n；
The instantaneous energy efficiency and process energy of numerically-controlled machine tool are calculated based on instantaneous energy efficiency Model and Process Energy efficiency Model
Amount efficiency.
2. numerically-controlled machine tool military service process axis system energy efficiency on-line monitoring method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
In the step 2, judges cutting starting point using cutting starting point discrimination model, judged using cutting end point discrimination model
End point is cut, wherein：
Cut starting point discrimination model：
Cut end point discrimination model：
In formula, INsIndicate the current value of the Ns sampled point measured by current sensor；INeIt indicates measured by current sensor
The Ne sampled point current value.χ, δ indicate cutting starting points and end point judgment threshold respectively.
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| CN110658782A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-07 | 武汉科技大学 | Characteristic-based numerical control machine tool inherent energy efficiency prediction method |
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