Large-scale three-dimensional space integral measurement locator high-speed rotation split type shafting
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-speed rotation split type shafting of a large-scale three-dimensional space integral measurement locator, belonging to the technical field of measurement. On the premise of ensuring that basic functions such as structural connection and torque transmission can be realized, the shafting structure design is optimized, the section modulus of the shafting is improved, the integral rigidity is kept, and stable and reliable high-speed rotation of the shafting of the base station is realized from the structural aspect under a certain load condition.
Technical Field
The large-scale three-dimensional space overall measurement locator is mainly applied to the fields of aerospace such as aircraft manufacturing and satellite manufacturing, automobile, shipbuilding, industrial measurement and the like, and the main functions of the locator are embodied in real-time monitoring, mobile navigation, online detection, three-dimensional measurement of the space size of a large part, reverse engineering and the like. The base station of the large-scale three-dimensional space overall measurement locator is a core component for measurement, and according to the measurement principle of the base station, the base station needs to continuously rotate at a high speed and stably in the working process, so that safe and reliable output values are provided for system measurement. The shafting of the base station is the core for realizing the stability performance of the base station.
At present, the rotating shaft system of the base station mostly adopts an integrated shaft system, a market standard shaft or a customized shaft is selected, and the matching of a bearing and other structural components is realized through a thermal expansion assembly mode.
The traditional shafting structure adopting the integrated shafting mostly uses solid shafts, the use shafts are often required to be selected within the diameter range of 8-12 mm for comprehensively balancing the integral weight, the installation mode and the optimal balance point of rigidity, according to the working principle, when the shafting is actually used, the rotating speeds of different base stations can fluctuate within the range of 1200-3000 rpm, and a thinner rotating shaft has lower rigidity in the occasion of high-speed rotation, because the shafting needs to realize the connection with other structural components inside the base stations, the integral form of the shafts is required to be multi-step, if the integrated hollow shaft is adopted, the problems of large processing difficulty, long processing period, high processing expenditure and the like exist, and because the integrated shafts are generally assembled in a thermal expansion assembly mode, the assembly difficulty is large, the assembly process has high requirements on the service level of operators, and the shafting is limited by the thermal expansion assembly mode, the problems of difficult modification and fine adjustment, uncontrollable bearing pretightening force and the like exist in the assembling process. In order to solve the problems that the section modulus of the traditional integral solid rotary shaft system is small and the rigidity is poor, the traditional integral hollow rotary shaft system is large in processing difficulty, long in period and the like, and the integral shaft system is difficult to finely adjust universally, the high-speed rotary split type shaft system is researched and designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-speed rotation split type shafting of a large-scale three-dimensional space integral measurement locator aiming at the defects of the prior art, and aims to improve the section modulus of the shafting, keep the integral rigidity and realize the stable and reliable high-speed rotation of the base station shafting from the structural aspect under a certain load condition.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
this kind of split type shafting of large-scale three-dimensional space integral measurement locater high-speed gyration, its characterized in that: the main shaft 5 is divided into an upper section, a middle section and a lower section by shoulders, the upper section of the main shaft 5 slides into an inner hole of an upper bearing inner gland annular positioning boss 10 of an upper bearing inner gland 1, the upper bearing inner gland 1 is tightly connected with the main shaft 5 by connecting an adjusting screw 9, the upper shoulder of the main shaft 5 is matched with the bearing inner gland annular positioning boss 10 to form a step structure I for clamping an upper bearing inner ring, the lower section of the main shaft 5 slides into an inner hole of a lower bearing inner gland annular positioning boss 12 of a lower bearing inner gland 7, the lower bearing inner gland 7 is tightly connected with the main shaft 5 by connecting the adjusting screw 9, and the lower shoulder of the main shaft 5 is matched with the lower bearing inner gland annular positioning boss 12 to form a step structure II for clamping a lower bearing inner ring;
the inner ring of the shaft sleeve 3 is of a stepped structure, the upper end of the shaft sleeve 3 is fastened and connected with the upper bearing outer gland 2 by connecting an adjusting screw 9, the inner side of the upper end of the shaft sleeve 3 is attached to the outer side of an upper bearing outer gland annular positioning boss 11 of the upper bearing outer gland 2, the lower end of the shaft sleeve 3 is fastened and connected with the lower bearing outer gland 6 by connecting the adjusting screw 9, the inner side of the lower end of the shaft sleeve 3 is attached to the outer side of a lower bearing outer gland annular positioning boss 13 of the lower bearing outer gland 6, the upper shoulder of the shaft sleeve 3 is matched with the upper bearing outer gland annular positioning boss 11 to form a stepped structure III for clamping the upper bearing outer ring, and the lower shoulder of the shaft sleeve 3 is matched with the lower bearing outer gland annular positioning boss 13 to form a stepped structure IV for;
and the angular contact ball bearings 4 are installed in pairs in the installation spaces correspondingly formed by the step structures I and III and the step structures II and IV in a back-to-back mode.
The upper end face and the lower end face of the inner ring of the upper angular contact ball bearing 4 are respectively contacted with the step structure I, the upper end face and the lower end face of the outer ring of the upper angular contact ball bearing 4 are respectively contacted with the step structure III, the upper end face and the lower end face of the inner ring of the lower angular contact ball bearing 4 are respectively contacted with the step structure II, and the upper end face and the lower end face of the outer ring of the lower angular contact ball bearing 4 are respectively contacted with the step structure IV, so that an installation.
The upper bearing inner gland 1, the upper bearing inner gland annular positioning boss 10, the upper shoulder of the main body shaft 5 and the connecting adjusting screw 9 are matched with each other to form an inner ring pre-tightening force adjusting mechanism of the upper angular contact ball bearing 4, namely, the upper shoulder of the bearing inner gland annular positioning boss 10 and the upper main body shaft 5 are respectively contacted with the inner ring of the upper angular contact ball bearing 4, and the installation state of the inner ring of the upper angular contact ball bearing 4 in the step structure I is adjusted by screwing the tightness of the connecting adjusting screw 9, so that the inner ring pre-tightening force adjustment of the upper angular contact ball bearing 4 is realized;
the upper bearing outer gland 2, the upper bearing outer gland annular positioning boss 11, the upper shoulder of the shaft sleeve 3 and the connection adjusting screw 9 are matched with each other to form an outer ring pretightening force adjusting mechanism of the upper angular contact ball bearing 4, namely, the upper bearing outer gland annular positioning boss 11 and the upper shoulder of the shaft sleeve 3 are respectively contacted with the outer ring of the upper angular contact ball bearing 4, and the installation state of the outer ring of the upper angular contact ball bearing 4 in the step structure III is adjusted by screwing the tightness of the connection adjusting screw 9, so that the outer ring pretightening force adjustment of the upper angular contact ball bearing 4 is realized;
similarly, the lower bearing inner gland 7, the lower bearing inner gland annular positioning boss 12, the lower shoulder of the main body shaft 5 and the connecting adjusting screw 9 are mutually matched to form an inner ring pre-tightening force adjusting mechanism of the upper angular contact ball bearing 4, so that the installation state of the inner ring of the lower angular contact ball bearing 4 in the step structure II is adjusted, and the inner ring pre-tightening force adjustment of the lower angular contact ball bearing 4 is realized; the lower bearing outer gland 6, the lower bearing outer gland annular positioning boss 13, the lower shoulder of the shaft sleeve 3 and the connecting adjusting screw 9 are matched with each other to form an outer ring pre-tightening force adjusting mechanism of the lower angular contact ball bearing 4, the installation state of the outer ring of the lower angular contact ball bearing 4 in the step structure IV is adjusted, and the outer ring pre-tightening force adjustment of the lower angular contact ball bearing 4 is achieved.
The upper bearing inner gland 1, the upper bearing outer gland 2, the shaft sleeve 3, the lower bearing outer gland 6 and the lower bearing inner gland 7 form bearing pretightening force fine adjustment, and meanwhile, a relatively closed and stable working environment is provided for the use of the bearing.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: under the condition that the shafting quality is the same, the high-speed rotation split type shafting has higher section modulus, the integral rigidity of the shafting is stronger, and the deformation of the rotating shaft is smaller on the occasion of high-speed rotation, so that more stable measurement input can be provided for the integral measurement of a large-scale three-dimensional space on the premise that the control conditions are the same; the split type detachable assembly form of the high-speed rotation split type shaft system allows the shaft system to be produced and manufactured in a common machining mode, a traditional machining mode that the inside of an integrated rotating shaft system is cast empty is abandoned, the machining difficulty and cost of a rotating shaft are greatly reduced, all parts forming the split type multi-section shaft can be machined in parallel, the machining efficiency is effectively improved, and the machining period is shortened; compared with a rotating shaft system assembled in a traditional mode, the high-speed rotary split type shaft system is provided with structural members with connection relations in the shaft system in a threaded assembly mode, the assembly process is controllable, according to a large-scale three-dimensional space integral measurement principle and the actual working condition of the traditional shaft system, the shaft system structure mainly considers the selection of a bearing, fine adjustment of pre-tightening force and the matching state of the rotating shaft and the bearing, has a structural design for fine adjustment of the pre-tightening force of the bearing, and realizes adjustment of the matching state of the rotating shaft and the bearing in the shaft system through the mutual matching of the upper bearing inner gland, the upper bearing outer gland, the shaft sleeve, the main body shaft, the lower bearing outer gland, the lower bearing inner gland and the connection adjusting screw, so that the assembly controllability of the shaft system is improved, the assembly fine adjustment process is simplified.
The invention has the structural characteristics that:
① the main structure of the high-speed rotation split type shafting is that the main shaft is a hollow shaft divided into an upper section, a middle section and a lower section, the upper section is connected with the upper bearing inner gland through screw thread, the lower section is connected with the lower bearing inner gland through screw thread, wherein, the upper structure of the upper bearing inner gland is a hollow thin shaft with the diameter smaller than the shaft diameter of the upper section of the main shaft, the upper structure of the lower bearing inner gland is a double-section hollow thin shaft with the diameter smaller than the shaft diameter of the lower section of the main shaft, the bearing inner gland and the lower bearing inner gland are mutually connected and matched to form the split type multi-step hollow shaft;
② the lower part of the upper bearing inner gland and the upper shoulder of the upper main body shaft form a clamping step, the lower part of the upper bearing outer gland and the upper shoulder of the shaft sleeve form a clamping step, two clamping steps are respectively contacted with the inner ring and the outer ring of the upper angular contact ball bearing, the lower part of the lower bearing inner gland and the lower shoulder of the main body shaft form a clamping step, the lower part of the lower bearing outer gland and the lower shoulder of the shaft sleeve form a clamping step, two clamping steps are respectively contacted with the inner ring and the outer ring of the upper angular contact ball bearing, the connection adjusting screws are mutually matched to form an outer ring pre-tightening force adjusting mechanism of the lower angular contact ball bearing, and the stress state of the angular contact ball bearing in the clamping step is adjusted by adjusting the tightness of the.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of an upper bearing installation space of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the upper bearing installation of the present invention
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the installation space of the lower bearing of the present invention
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the lower bearing installation of the present invention
FIG. 6 is a schematic top view angle of the split multi-segment shaft profile of the present invention
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the split multi-segmented shaft profile from a bottom view angle according to the present invention
FIG. 8 is a top view of the overall profile of the present invention
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the overall profile of the present invention from a bottom perspective
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the high-speed rotating split type shafting of the present invention includes: the bearing comprises an upper bearing inner gland 1, an upper bearing outer gland 2, a shaft sleeve 3, an angular contact ball bearing 4, a main body shaft 5, a lower bearing outer gland 6, a lower bearing inner gland 7, a connecting cap 8, a connecting adjusting screw 9, an upper bearing outer gland annular positioning boss 10, an upper bearing inner gland annular positioning boss 11, a lower bearing inner gland annular positioning boss 12 and a lower bearing outer gland annular positioning boss 13. The main body shaft 5 is divided into an upper section, a middle section and a lower section through shoulders, the shaft diameters of the upper section and the lower section are the same, the shaft diameter of the middle section is larger than that of the upper section and the lower section, the upper angular contact ball bearing 4 is sleeved into the upper section of the main body shaft 5 in a back-to-back combination mode, the pair of bearings are supported through the upper shoulder of the main body shaft 5, the upper section shaft of the main body shaft 5 slides into an inner hole of an upper bearing inner gland annular positioning boss 10 of an upper bearing inner gland 1 of the upper bearing inner gland until the upper end surface of the angular contact bearing is contacted with the upper bearing inner gland annular positioning boss 10, connecting adjusting screws 9 respectively penetrate through a countersunk holes of the upper bearing inner gland 1 and a threaded hole of the upper end surface of the main body shaft 5, the upper bearing inner gland 1 and the main body shaft 5 are connected and press the inner ring of the upper angular contact ball bearing 4 tightly, the shaft sleeve 3 is, until the upper shoulder of the shaft sleeve 3 contacts with an angular contact ball bearing arranged on the upper shoulder of the main body shaft 5, connecting and adjusting screws 9 respectively penetrate through a countersunk hole of an upper bearing inner gland 1 and a threaded hole on the upper end face of the main body shaft 3, so that the connection of the upper bearing inner gland 1 and the main body shaft 5 is realized, and the upper shoulder of the main body shaft 5 is matched with and presses the inner ring of the upper angular contact ball bearing 4, an upper bearing outer gland annular positioning boss 11 of the upper bearing outer gland 2 slides in from the upper section of an inner hole of the shaft sleeve 3 until the angular contact bearing contacts with the upper bearing outer gland annular positioning boss 11 of the upper bearing outer gland 2, the inner side of the upper end of the shaft sleeve 3 is attached to the outer side of the upper bearing outer gland annular positioning boss 11 of the upper bearing outer gland 2, the connecting and adjusting screws 9 respectively penetrate through the countersunk hole of the upper bearing outer gland 2 and the threaded hole on the lower end face of the shaft, the lower angular contact ball bearing 4 is sleeved into the lower section of the main body shaft 5 in a back-to-back combination mode, the pair of bearings is supported by the lower shoulder part of the main body shaft 5, the lower bearing inner gland annular positioning boss 12 of the lower bearing inner gland 7 slides into the lower section shaft of the main body shaft 5 until the end surface of the lower angular contact bearing 4 is contacted with the lower bearing inner gland annular positioning boss 12 of the lower bearing inner gland 7, the connecting adjusting screw 9 respectively penetrates through the countersunk hole of the lower bearing inner gland 7 and the threaded hole of the lower end surface of the main body shaft 3, the lower bearing inner gland 7 is connected with the main body shaft 5 and is matched with the lower shoulder part of the main body shaft 5 to press the inner ring of the lower angular contact ball bearing 4, the lower bearing outer gland annular positioning boss 13 of the lower bearing outer gland 6 slides in from the lower section of the inner hole of the shaft sleeve 3 until the end surface of the lower angular contact bearing 4 is contacted with the lower bearing outer gland annular positioning boss, the connection of the lower bearing outer gland 6 and the shaft sleeve 3 is realized, the outer ring of the lower angular contact ball bearing 4 is pressed tightly, the upper sleeve of the connecting cover 8 slides into the stepped shaft of the lower bearing inner gland 7, and the end face of the stepped shaft of the inner gland 7 is contacted with the limiting face of the connecting cover 8.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, fig. 2 is a schematic view of an installation space of angular contact ball bearings 4 installed in pairs on the upper portion of a shaft system, an annular positioning boss 10 of an inner gland of an upper bearing of an inner gland 1 of the upper bearing is matched with an upper shoulder of a main shaft 5 to form a step structure i, a connection adjusting screw 9 respectively penetrates through a countersunk hole of the inner gland 1 of the upper bearing and a threaded hole of the upper shoulder of the main shaft 5 to connect the inner gland 1 of the upper bearing with the main shaft 5, an annular positioning boss 11 of an outer gland of the upper bearing of the outer gland 2 of the upper bearing is matched with the upper shoulder of the shaft sleeve 3 to form a step structure iii, the connection adjusting screw 9 respectively penetrates through the countersunk hole of the outer gland 2 of the upper bearing and the threaded hole of the upper end of the shaft sleeve 3 to connect the outer gland 2 of the upper bearing with the shaft sleeve 3, fig. 3 is a schematic view of an installation mode of the paired angular, In III, the end face of the bearing inner ring is in contact with an upper bearing inner gland annular positioning boss 10 of an upper bearing inner gland 1, the end face of the bearing outer ring is in contact with an upper bearing outer gland annular positioning boss 11 of an upper bearing outer gland 2, and fine adjustment of the pre-tightening force of the upper angular contact ball bearing 4 can be achieved by respectively adjusting a connecting adjusting screw 9 for connecting the upper bearing inner gland 1 with the main body shaft 5 and a connecting adjusting screw 9 for connecting the upper bearing outer gland 2 with the shaft sleeve 3.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, fig. 4 is a schematic view of an installation space of the angular contact ball bearings 4 installed in pairs at the lower part of the shaft system, a lower bearing inner gland annular positioning boss 12 of a lower bearing inner gland 7 is matched with a lower shoulder part of the main body shaft 5 to form a step-shaped structure ii, a connection adjusting screw 9 respectively penetrates through a countersunk hole of the lower bearing inner gland 7 and a threaded hole of the lower shoulder part of the main body shaft 5 to connect the lower bearing inner gland 7 with the main body shaft 5, a lower bearing outer gland annular positioning boss 13 of the lower bearing outer gland 6 is matched with the lower shoulder part of the shaft sleeve 3 to form a step-shaped structure iv, the connection adjusting screw 9 respectively penetrates through the countersunk hole of the lower bearing outer gland 6 and the threaded hole at the lower end part of the shaft sleeve 3 to connect the lower bearing outer gland 6 with the shaft sleeve 3, fig. 5 is a schematic view of an installation mode of the paired angular contact ball bearings 4 at the, In IV, the end face of the bearing inner ring is contacted with a lower bearing inner gland annular positioning boss 12 of a lower bearing inner gland 7, the end face of the bearing outer ring is contacted with a lower bearing outer gland annular positioning boss 13 of a lower bearing outer gland 6, and fine adjustment of the pretightening force of the lower angular contact ball bearing 4 can be realized by respectively adjusting a connecting adjusting screw 9 for connecting the lower bearing inner gland 7 with the main body shaft 5 and a connecting adjusting screw 9 for connecting the lower bearing outer gland 6 with the shaft sleeve 3.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the rotating shaft in the shafting mainly includes an upper bearing inner gland 1, a main shaft 5, a lower bearing inner gland 7, an upper bearing outer gland annular positioning boss 10, an upper bearing inner gland annular positioning boss 11, a lower bearing inner gland annular positioning boss 12, and a lower bearing outer gland annular positioning boss 13. Through the mode of processing the rotation axis segmentation, assembling, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing to connect other inside parts of basic station and accomplish driven basic function, simplified the course of working, reduced the assembly degree of difficulty, improved production efficiency.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the upper bearing inner gland 1, the upper bearing outer gland 2, the shaft sleeve 3, the lower bearing outer gland 6, the lower bearing inner gland 7 and the connecting cap 8 constitute an external configuration of the shaft system, wherein the upper bearing inner gland 1, the upper bearing outer gland 2, the shaft sleeve 3, the lower bearing outer gland 6 and the lower bearing inner gland 7 are matched with each other, the angular contact ball bearing mounted on the rotating shaft is sealed and protected in a relatively stable closed environment, the bearing is guaranteed to work in an optimal state, the connecting cap 8 is matched with the end face of the lower bearing outer gland 6 to form a step structure, and a mounting space is provided for other functional components inside the base station except for the rotating shaft system.