CN108572337A - A kind of multiple range digital flux-gate magnetometer - Google Patents
A kind of multiple range digital flux-gate magnetometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN108572337A CN108572337A CN201710131387.8A CN201710131387A CN108572337A CN 108572337 A CN108572337 A CN 108572337A CN 201710131387 A CN201710131387 A CN 201710131387A CN 108572337 A CN108572337 A CN 108572337A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/04—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using the flux-gate principle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/0023—Electronic aspects, e.g. circuits for stimulation, evaluation, control; Treating the measured signals; calibration
- G01R33/0029—Treating the measured signals, e.g. removing offset or noise
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of multiple range digital flux-gate magnetometers, including：Three axis fluxgate sensors, preamplifier, AD converter, digital signal processing circuit, D/A converter, feedback current driver and power circuit；The three axis fluxgate sensor of preamplifier pair is amplified processing through the voltage signal that external magnetic field incudes, and is converted into digital signal by AD converter；The digital signal is after digital signal processing circuit is handled, two-way is divided to transmit the signal that can react external magnetic field Vector Message of generation, wherein signal exports outward all the way, another way signal is after AD converter is converted into analog signal, it is input to the feedback coil of three axis fluxgate sensors by feedback current driver, forms closed loop；The feedback current driver built-in current relay, for controlling the feedback current intensity in closed loop.The volume process control that magnetic-field measurement range is realized using electric current relay, improves the applicability of magnetometer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to space exploration fields, and in particular to a kind of multiple range digital flux-gate magnetometer.
Background technology
It is studied for space physics, generally use flux-gate magnetometer carries out the vector measurement of space magnetic field.Fluxgate skill
Art is most developed earlier than nineteen thirty by German, and in the same period initially enters the practical stage.
It is very big (+/- 65000nT) to the range spans of detection of magnetic field, and resolution requirement is high, and (noise is less than 0.05nT/
Hz1/2@1Hz), it is 130000nT that positive and negative 65000nT, which refers to measurement range, and detection accuracy is if resolution ratio is 16
130000nT/216≈ 1.98nT, and detection accuracy is 1000nT/2 when measurement range is 1000nT16≈ 0.015nT, so adopting
Conventional flux-gate magnetometer with the single range of tradition is difficult the double requirements for meeting measurement range and resolution ratio simultaneously.In addition,
By magnetometer, this body structure is limited, and is made it that can only be monitored for fixed magnetic field range, can not be measured range
It adjusts, causes the scope of application of magnetometer limited.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to which measurement range and resolution ratio can not be met simultaneously to solve existing flux-gate magnetometer
The technical issues of high request, a kind of multiple range digital flux-gate magnetometer is provided, which can improve
The detection accuracy in magnetic field reduces flux-gate magnetometer complexity in circuits, reduces equipment instrument, lowering apparatus power consumption, promotion can
It is applied widely by property and temperature drift characteristic.
To achieve the above object, the multiple range digital flux-gate magnetometer of one kind provided by the invention, including：Three axis magnetic fluxs
Door sensor, preamplifier, AD converter, digital signal processing circuit, D/A converter, feedback current driver and power supply electricity
Road；The three axis fluxgate sensor of preamplifier pair is amplified place through the voltage signal that external magnetic field incudes
Reason, and digital signal is converted by AD converter；The digital signal will generate after digital signal processing circuit is handled
The signal that can react external magnetic field Vector Message divide two-way to transmit, wherein signal exports outward all the way, another way signal warp
After AD converter is converted into analog signal, the feedback coil of three axis fluxgate sensors is input to by feedback current driver,
Form closed loop；The feedback current driver built-in current relay, for controlling the feedback current in closed loop
Intensity；The power circuit is used to power for digital flux-gate magnetometer.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the digital signal processing circuit includes：Phase-sensitive demodulator, product
Divide device, decimator and spacewire buses；Phase-sensitive demodulator, integrator and the decimator is respectively to digital signal
Carry out phase sensitivity synchronous demodulation, integral and down-sampled processing；The digital signal processing circuit is outside by spacewire buses
Export down-sampled treated signal.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the digital signal processing circuit further includes self-excitation adjuster,
The self-excitation adjuster includes：Sequentially connected white noise signal generator, Signal averaging device, high frequency AD converter and low pass
Filter；The output end of the phase-sensitive demodulator is connect with Signal averaging device, the output end and integrator of the low-pass filter
Connection, the high frequency white noise signal that the Signal averaging device exports white noise signal generator and phase-sensitive demodulator output
Signal carries out addition of waveforms, and carries out over-sampling and low pass to the signal after superposition by high frequency AD converter and low-pass filter
It is filtered.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the AD converter is by the electricity after preamplifier enhanced processing
Pressure signal is converted into 16 digital signals, and the self-excitation adjuster is used to 16 digital signals carrying out over-sampling modulation
Afterwards, 24 digital signals are obtained.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, there are two in parallel three for digital flux-gate magnetometer setting
Axis fluxgate sensor, preamplifier, the AD being arranged on a corresponding circuit of each three axis fluxgate sensor
Converter, digital signal processing circuit, D/A converter, feedback current driver are sequentially connected, and form closed loop；Two three
Axis fluxgate sensor is set on different positions.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the three axis fluxgate covers disposed on sensor are equipped with temperature sensing
Device.
A kind of the advantages of multiple range digital flux-gate magnetometer of the present invention, is：
1, using Digital Signal Processing mode, it will can largely realize that the analog device of identical signal processing function is complete
Portion is only substituted by a block number word signal processor, reduces the power consumption and volume of flux-gate magnetometer, while avoiding analog signal
By extraneous excessive interference；2, the volume process control that magnetic-field measurement range is realized using electric current relay, improves magnetometer
Applicability；3, magnetic field gradient is eliminated using two-shipper operating mode；4, detected with high accuracy is realized using simpler device, effectively
Reduce cost；5, the high resolution output that digital magnetometer is realized using over-sampling modulation system, improves current magnetic flux
The detection accuracy of flux gate magnetometer；6, it is communicated using spacewire agreements and satellite, improves communication reliability；7, due to height
Precision device without aerospace grade, cannot achieve outer space detection mostly, and use the circuit in the present invention, can use general essence
The aerospace grade device of degree realizes high-precision Effect on Detecting.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the multiple range digital flux-gate magnetometer structural schematic diagram of one kind in the embodiment of the present invention.
Relational graphs of the Fig. 2 between environmental magnetic field intensity and induced electromotive force second harmonic intensity.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of self-excitation adjuster in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 a are the signal waveforms for the measured signal that phase-sensitive demodulator exports in the present invention.
Fig. 4 b are signal waveforms of the measured signal shown in Fig. 4 a after the superposition of high frequency white noise signal.
Fig. 4 c are signal waveforms of the superposed signal after sampling processing shown in Fig. 4 b.
Fig. 4 d are low-pass filtered treated the signal waveforms of signal shown in Fig. 4 c.
Fig. 5 is the digital flux-gate magnetometer structural schematic diagram that duplex structure is used in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Digital flux-gate magnetometer multiple range to one kind of the present invention carries out detailed with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples
It describes in detail bright.
As shown in Figure 1, the multiple range digital flux-gate magnetometer of one kind provided by the invention, including：Three axis fluxgates pass
Sensor, preamplifier, AD converter, digital signal processing circuit, D/A converter, feedback current driver and power circuit；
The three axis fluxgate sensor of preamplifier pair is amplified processing through the voltage signal that external magnetic field incudes, and
It is converted into digital signal by AD converter；The digital signal is after digital signal processing circuit is handled, by the energy of generation
The signal of enough reaction external magnetic field Vector Messages divides two-way to transmit, wherein signal exports outward all the way, another way signal turns through DA
After parallel operation is converted into analog signal, it is input to the feedback coil of three axis fluxgate sensors by feedback current driver, is formed
Closed loop；The feedback current driver built-in current relay, for controlling the feedback current intensity in closed loop；
The power circuit is used to power for digital flux-gate magnetometer.
The three axis fluxgate sensors are the secondary coil groups of the armature winding and encirclement magnetic core by being wound on magnetic core
At.Sensor armature winding usually loads the doublet impulse exciting current of certain frequency fo (~10kHz).In each excitation electricity
It flows under impulse action, magnetic core is saturated twice.In the presence of external magnetic field, it can excite secondary humorous in secondary coil
Wave component, for the amplitude proportional of second harmonic component in the size of external magnetic field, flux-gate magnetometer exactly utilizes in secondary coil two
Subharmonic is proportional to the principle of external magnetic field strength to detect magnetic field.The arbitrary even-order harmonic of sensor output can be used as tested magnetic
The measurement of field due to secondary harmonic amplitude maximum, therefore is usually chosen secondly the tested magnetic field of subharmonic voltage measurement.Fluxgate senses
Device realizes the detection to magnetic field using electromagnetic induction principle, and magnetic signal is converted to electric signal.But from shown in Figure 2
Known to relationship between environmental magnetic field intensity B and induced electromotive force second harmonic intensity H：If the magnetic of signal coil local environment
Field intensity is excessively high, then causes the linearity not high, inevitable in this case using second harmonic intensity come when weighing outfield strength
It will produce great error.For this purpose, in the present invention, feedback signal is input to sensing by the feedback current driver of setting
The feedback coil of device makes the coil of sensor always work near zero magnetic field for offseting environmental magnetic field, since null field is opposite
Non-actuated external magnetic field in open loop magnetic core is much smaller, this is reduced by the extraneous influence for being tested magnetic field, is conducive to linear
The raising of degree makes coil working in best linear region, and effectively inhibits temperature drift and zero drift phenomenon.
The magnetometer of the present invention uses range handoff technique in feedback current driver portion, to adapt to not co-orbital magnetic
Field environment.Wide range and superhigh precision are realized by an electric current relay in feedback current driver (range point gear)
Double effects, such as：Wide range gear can be used in the larger region of magnetic field amplitude to realize the magnetic-field measurement of positive and negative 65000nT
Range, and under the smaller environment of magnetic field amplitude, range can be carried out to the measurement range that shift is adjusted to positive and negative 1000nT, magnetic field
Measurement range be reduced to before 1/65, and resolution ratio remains unchanged, so measurement accuracy improves 65 times at this time.It is specific real
Now mode is：Since the circuit of magnetometer of the present invention is closed loop configuration, so the current strength of feedback signal directly affects integral
Device integral constant, to influence the magnetic-field measurement range of system, when the electric current of feedback signal is stronger, the measurement range in magnetic field compared with
Small, conversely, when the electric current of feedback signal is weaker, the measurement range in magnetic field is larger；Therefore, by controlling electric current relay switching
Different gear, to increase or reduce the feedback current intensity in closed loop, you can realize the control of magnetic field range.
Circuit based on above structure, as shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, the digital signal processing circuit includes：
Phase-sensitive demodulator, integrator, decimator, spacewire buses and self-excitation adjuster；The phase-sensitive demodulator, integrator
Phase sensitivity synchronous demodulation, integral and down-sampled processing are carried out to digital signal respectively with decimator, the self-excitation adjuster is used
After 16 digital signals are carried out over-sampling modulation, 24 digital signals are obtained；The spacewire buses will drop
Signal after sampling processing exports outward, and the range control signal of gear shift operation is executed for driving current relay, also may be used
It is externally controlled equipment by spacewire buses to receive, and is transferred to electric current relay.
Since the instrument quantity entrained by whole satellite is generally more so that satellite structure and system are complex, and
In the magnetometer of invention, need to carry out range stepping action, the data passed down are also more, so using SPACEWIRE agreements
Data uplink and downlink is carried out, so as to the transmission rate for improving larger data and stronger data exchange capability, in this implementation
In example, at7913e chips can be used to realize spacewire bus functionalities.
Using foregoing circuit carry out signal processing flow be：Three axis fluxgate sensor output signals enter preposition amplification
Device after being amplified processing to signal, exports amplified signal and enters ADC progress analog-to-digital conversions, transformed number is believed
Number entering digital signal processing circuit carries out a series of processing；16 in digital signal processing circuit first to ADC outputs
Digital signal carries out phase sensitivity synchronous demodulation, is then sent into self-excitation adjuster to demodulated signal, carries out shake excitation to signal, then
Modulated signal is output to integrator by self-excitation adjuster, is exported after carrying out Integral Processing, wherein signal is output to DAC all the way
Digital-to-analogue conversion is carried out, transformed analog quantity is input to sensor feedback coil by feedback current driver, and completion is entirely closed
The signal processing of loop system is exported after the down-sampled processing of another way signal by spacewire buses outward.
For flux-gate magnetometer, the intensity of useful signal (second harmonic) is generally much less than primary and humorous three times
The intensity of wave component, thoroughly to remove primary and third-harmonic component, it is necessary to use phase sensitivity synchronous demodulation.Phase sensitivity synchronous demodulation
Principle be reference signal preceding half period to signal carry out with mutually amplify, reference signal second half of the cycle to signal into
Row reverse phase is amplified.
In addition, the phase-sensitive demodulator, self-excitation adjuster, integrator and decimator can be carried out integrated set by FPGA
Meter, to further decrease the power consumption and volume of circuit.
The above-mentioned magnetometer of the present invention uses signal jitter oversampling technique, and thus the enhancing of 16 position digital signals is by technology
Effective 24 position digital signal, greatly improves sampling precision.Traditional flux-gate magnetometer part is changed to by analog circuit
Digital circuit makes 16 ADC and 16 DAC realize 24 acquisition precisions, surmounts existing fluxgate precision level significantly.
As shown in figure 3, the self-excitation adjuster specifically includes：Sequentially connected white noise signal generator, signal are folded
Add device, high frequency AD converter and low-pass filter；The output end of the phase-sensitive demodulator is connect with Signal averaging device, the low pass
The output end of filter is connect with integrator, the high frequency white noise that the Signal averaging device exports white noise signal generator
The signal of signal and phase-sensitive demodulator output carries out addition of waveforms, and by high frequency AD converter and low-pass filter to superposition after
Signal carry out over-sampling and low-pass filtering.Signal after phase sensitivity synchronous demodulation must filter off high fdrequency component, can just obtain
Reflection is tested the DC quantity of magnitude of field intensity.For this purpose, can obtain being finally reflected tested magnetic field intensity by low-pass filter
Voltage value.After 16 position digital signals enter self-excitation adjuster, concussion modulation is carried out to signal, principle is will have
The high frequency white noise signal of some strength is added in 16 position digital signal.
Since high frequency white noise signal frequency response curve is flat straight line, and after filtering low frequency part, remaining height
Frequency part will not be overlapped with the DAC low frequency signals exported and influence system output signal.After self-excitation adjustment module is added,
Signal-to-quantizing noise ratio value is as shown by the following formula：
Wherein, B is quantization digit, i.e. ADC digits；O is over-sampling multiple, i.e. system sampling frequency and nyquist sampling
The ratio of rate.It can be seen that by above-mentioned formula, above-mentioned Signal averaging processing can significantly improve system signal noise ratio i.e. system output
Precision.
In this example, random function can be used to generate a high frequency white noise letter for the white noise signal generator
Number, the frequency response curve of white noise is a flat straight line, and the energy on each frequency point is equal.As shown in fig. 4 a, this implementation
Measured signal used by example is ideal sinusoidal signal, then is overlapped high frequency white noise signal and the measured signal
Afterwards, the signal waveform of generation is as shown in Figure 4 b；The digital signal obtained after high frequency AD conversion is carried out later as illustrated in fig. 4 c, will be turned
Digital signal after changing carries out low-pass filtering, the signal of final output waveform as shown in figure 4d.By comparing Fig. 4 a's to Fig. 4 d
Signal waveform situation of change, it can be clearly seen that：Relative to the direct signal obtained after analog-to-digital conversion, modulated by self-excitation
Signal resolution after algorithm, which has, to be substantially improved.
As shown in figure 5, in the present embodiment, the digital flux-gate magnetometer uses duplex structure, that is, is arranged two
Three axis fluxgate sensors in parallel, the preceding storing being arranged on a corresponding circuit of each three axis fluxgate sensor
Big device, AD converter, digital signal processing circuit, D/A converter, feedback current driver are sequentially connected, and are formed closed loop and returned
Road；So that the output end of two three axis fluxgate sensors is drawn the independent signal processing circuit of two-way, and two fluxgates are passed
Sensor is positioned on the different position of space exploration.Using two-shipper operating mode, obtained on two groups of different locations by detection
Data carry out offset magnetic field error.The interference magnetic field generated specifically for offsetting magnetometer equipment mounted itself, with reduction pair
The interference of magnetometer detection data.
Temperature sensor is may be provided on three axis fluxgate sensors of the number flux-gate magnetometer, it is each for measuring
The temperature of magnetic field sensor, and inverting is carried out to temperature data result according to the temperature curve that experiment measures, to eliminate temperature
Drift error.
It should be noted last that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting.Although ginseng
It is described the invention in detail according to embodiment, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that, to the technical side of the present invention
Case is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered in the present invention
Right in.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of multiple range digital flux-gate magnetometer, which is characterized in that including：Three axis fluxgate sensors, preposition amplification
Device, AD converter, digital signal processing circuit, D/A converter, feedback current driver and power circuit；The preposition amplification
Three axis fluxgate sensor of device pair is amplified processing through the voltage signal that external magnetic field incudes, and is turned by AD converter
Turn to digital signal；The digital signal can react external magnetic field after digital signal processing circuit is handled, by generation
The signal of Vector Message divides two-way to transmit, wherein signal exports outward all the way, another way signal is converted into simulation through AD converter
After signal, it is input to the feedback coil of three axis fluxgate sensors by feedback current driver, forms closed loop；Described
Feedback current driver built-in current relay, for controlling the feedback current intensity in closed loop；The power circuit
For powering for digital flux-gate magnetometer.
2. multiple range digital flux-gate magnetometer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that at the digital signal
Managing circuit includes：Phase-sensitive demodulator, integrator, decimator and spacewire buses；The phase-sensitive demodulator, integrator
Phase sensitivity synchronous demodulation, integral and down-sampled processing are carried out to digital signal respectively with decimator；The Digital Signal Processing
Circuit exports down-sampled treated signal outward by spacewire buses.
3. multiple range digital flux-gate magnetometer according to claim 2, which is characterized in that at the digital signal
It further includes self-excitation adjuster to manage circuit, and the self-excitation adjuster includes：Sequentially connected white noise signal generator, signal are folded
Add device, high frequency AD converter and low-pass filter；The output end of the phase-sensitive demodulator is connect with Signal averaging device, the low pass
The output end of filter is connect with integrator, the high frequency white noise that the Signal averaging device exports white noise signal generator
The signal of signal and phase-sensitive demodulator output carries out addition of waveforms, and by high frequency AD converter and low-pass filter to superposition after
Signal carry out over-sampling and low-pass filtering treatment.
4. multiple range digital flux-gate magnetometer according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the AD converter will
Voltage signal after preamplifier enhanced processing is converted into 16 digital signals, and the self-excitation adjuster is used for 16
Digital signal carry out over-sampling modulation after, obtain 24 digital signals.
5. multiple range digital flux-gate magnetometer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the digital fluxgate
There are two three axis fluxgate sensors in parallel, a corresponding electricity of each three axis fluxgate sensor for magnetometer setting
Preamplifier, AD converter, digital signal processing circuit, D/A converter, the feedback current driver of road setting connect successively
It connects, and forms closed loop；Two three axis fluxgate sensors are set on different positions.
6. multiple range digital flux-gate magnetometer according to claim 1 or 5, which is characterized in that the three axis magnetic
Open gate covers disposed on sensor is equipped with temperature sensor.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN109507474A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-03-22 | 上海波卉电源科技有限公司 | Superhigh precision high-low pressure current sampling technique is realized with numerical control fluxgate |
| CN111579859A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-25 | 浙江巨磁智能技术有限公司 | Magnetic balance sensor based on digital compensation technology |
| CN112445267A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-05 | 北京华航无线电测量研究所 | Alternating magnetic field-based attitude recognition system |
| CN112652201A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2021-04-13 | 航天科工惯性技术有限公司 | Information simulator and simulation system for ground simulation of geomagnetic navigation system |
| CN112763946A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-05-07 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Fluxgate magnetometer feedback system |
| CN113933765A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2022-01-14 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Digital three-axis fluxgate sensor based on cobalt-based amorphous effect |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112652201A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2021-04-13 | 航天科工惯性技术有限公司 | Information simulator and simulation system for ground simulation of geomagnetic navigation system |
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| CN111579859A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-25 | 浙江巨磁智能技术有限公司 | Magnetic balance sensor based on digital compensation technology |
| CN112445267A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-05 | 北京华航无线电测量研究所 | Alternating magnetic field-based attitude recognition system |
| CN112763946A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-05-07 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Fluxgate magnetometer feedback system |
| CN113933765A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2022-01-14 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Digital three-axis fluxgate sensor based on cobalt-based amorphous effect |
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Application publication date: 20180925 |