CN108559867A - A kind of high conductivity CuCr30 contact materials and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of high conductivity CuCr30 contact materials and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108559867A
CN108559867A CN201810463988.3A CN201810463988A CN108559867A CN 108559867 A CN108559867 A CN 108559867A CN 201810463988 A CN201810463988 A CN 201810463988A CN 108559867 A CN108559867 A CN 108559867A
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China
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powder
cucr30
sintering
mesh
contact materials
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CN201810463988.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
尹海清
张凯琦
曹薰元
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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Priority to CN201810463988.3A priority Critical patent/CN108559867A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C9/00Alloys based on copper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/105Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0425Copper-based alloys
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00Contacts
    • H01H1/02Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021Composite material
    • H01H1/025Composite material having copper as the basic material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/105Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
    • B22F2003/1051Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding by electric discharge
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of high conductivity CuCr30 contact materials and preparation method thereof, this method prepares CuCr alloy powder, wherein raw material powder Cu using mechanical attrition method:Cr in mass ratio 7:3 are placed in ball grinder, rotational speed of ball-mill 80r/min, and Ball-milling Time is 5 6h, alloy powder after vacuum drying carries out discharge plasma sintering, sintering pressure 40MPa, 800 950 DEG C of sintering temperature again, 5min is kept the temperature in maximum temperature, after sample is cooled to room temperature, finished product is slightly obtained after polishing.The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:The present invention prepares CuCr30 mixed powder for alloy by mechanical attrition method and realizes CuCr30 alloy sinterings using discharge plasma sintering technology, can prepare high-densit, excellent mechanical performance CuCr alloys.Compared with the conventional method, this method also has the advantages that preparation process is convenient, saves energy consumption, reduces environmental pollution, function admirable.

Description

A kind of high conductivity CuCr30 contact materials and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to contact alloy field of material preparation, and in particular to a kind of high conductivity CuCr30 contact materials and Preparation method.
Background technology
The stability of operation of power networks, safety are the significant problem to involve the interests of the state and the people, safety of the vacuum switch in power grid Very important effect is played in operation.Vacuum switch be it is a kind of with breaker that vacuum environment be insulation and arc-extinguishing medium, bear The general name of the device for switching such as lotus switch, contactor and disconnecting switch, the disjunction of electric current is realized using vacuum characteristic, is had and is divided Cutting capacity is strong, reliability is high, simple in structure, small, light-weight, Environmental Safety, long lifespan, to be easy to maintenance etc. a series of Advantage, therefore as industrial ideal switchgear of new generation.By the research of many decades, contact material is formd with CuCr Based on, and continue to optimize the trend of technological parameter and composition design.Its advantage is derived from dissolving each other with very little between Cu and Cr Degree.CuCr alloys are actually two phase alloys, to make Cu and Cr all be sufficiently reserved respective good performance, i.e.,:With relatively low The Cu constituent elements of fusing point, high conductivity and thermal conductivity are conducive to the breaking capacity for improving vacuum switch;Cr constituent elements have higher molten Point, mechanical strength and lower value of shutting off ensure that vacuum switch with good proof voltage, anti-scorching, anti-melting welding and low section The characteristics such as stream.With it is traditional prepare the technique of composite material compared with, such as powder metallurgy process, vacuum induction melting method etc. are put Electric plasma agglomeration (Spark Plasma Sintering, SPS) technique may be implemented to make material at relatively low temperature Fast Sintering is molded, and the consistency of material is higher, thus has hardness high, conductive using composite material prepared by SPS techniques The advantages that good with heat conductivility.SPS techniques have the conventional process that very big potentiality become CuCr alloy electrical contact materials.This examination Test the shadow that CuCr alloy materials, Main Analysis sintering temperature and technique are prepared to microstructure of composite and performance using SPS techniques It rings.
CuCr alloys are widely used in contact material due to its excellent electric conductivity and superior economy.The conduction of Cu Rate is high, and electric property is good, and the hardness of Cr is high, and mechanical property is good, and what CuCr contact materials leaned on is solid solution extremely low between two elements Degree, forms equally distributed two-phase pseudo-alloy, is effectively compounded with the superiority of the respective constituent element of Cu and Cr.It is high with possessing Breaking capacity, lower shut off value and excellent fusion welding resisting ability, while there is high intensity and hardness, good conductive and heat-conductive Many advantages, such as property.In recent years, as device for switching is to large capacity, the development in high voltage direction, it is desirable that contact material has more High electric conductivity and mechanical property.
Invention content
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation processes simply, reduces energy consumption, reduces environment The high conductivity CuCr30 contact materials and preparation method thereof of the advantages of pollution, superior performance.
The technical scheme is that:A kind of high conductivity CuCr30 contact materials, each component of the contact material Mass percent is:Cu powder 70%wt and Cr powder 30%wt.
Further, the grain size of the Cu powder is not less than -300 mesh, and the grain size of Cr powder is not less than -300 mesh.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of methods preparing above-mentioned contact material, and this method specifically includes following Step:
Step 1:It uses Cu powder (- 300 mesh), Cr powder (- 300 mesh) as raw material, design proportion mass fraction is:Cu 70%, Cr 30%.It weighs powder to be fitted into ball grinder, with certain rotating speed ball milling 2.5-3.5h on planetary ball mill, make Cu powder and the alloy powder of addition are uniformly mixed, and obtain alloy powder;
Step 2:The alloyed powder that step 1 obtains is placed in the graphite jig of a diameter of 10mm, is put into SPS furnace chambers, into Row sintering;
Step 3:It is then cooled to room temperature, takes out mold, sampling polishes sample surfaces to get to CuCr30 contact materials Material.
Further, the consistency for obtaining CuCr30 contact materials is not less than not less than 95.6% with conductivity 32.11%.
Further, the sintering process in the step 2 is:First vacuumize, after vacuum degree reaches 0.1MPa, with 100 DEG C/ The heating rate of min is warming up to sintering temperature, soaking time 5min, sintering pressure 40MPa.
Further, the sintering temperature is 800-950 DEG C.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the present invention is sintered using discharge plasma (SPS) technology is to make to be sintered each particle in internal portion by the plasma discharging instantaneously generated equably to generate heat and particle table Face activates, thus has the characteristics that the very high thermal efficiency and make to be sintered body within the extremely short time to reach densification.Electric discharge Plasma sintering technique combination plasma activation, hot pressing, resistance heating are integrated, thus the fast, sintering time with heating rate Short, homogeneous grain size is conducive to control the fine structure of sintered body, the advantages that material density of acquisition is high, performance is good.Profit With technology sintering CuCr alloy powder material, it can be achieved that the preparation of the CuCr alloy materials high-quality and efficient, low consumption is inexpensive Journey.Preparation process is simple, reduces energy consumption, reduces environmental pollution, superior performance.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is described further below by specific embodiment.
A kind of high conductivity CuCr30 contact materials of the present invention, the mass percent of each component of the contact material are: Cu powder 70%wt and Cr powder 30%wt.
Further, the grain size of the Cu powder is not less than -300 mesh, and the grain size of Cr powder is not less than -300 mesh.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of methods preparing above-mentioned contact material, and this method specifically includes following Step:
Step 1:It uses Cu powder (- 300 mesh), Cr powder (- 300 mesh) as raw material, design proportion mass fraction is:Cu 70%, Cr 30%.It weighs powder to be fitted into ball grinder, with certain rotating speed ball milling 2.5-3.5h on planetary ball mill, make Cu powder and the alloy powder of addition are uniformly mixed, and obtain alloy powder;
Step 2:The alloyed powder that step 1 obtains is placed in the graphite jig of a diameter of 10mm, is put into SPS furnace chambers, into Row sintering;
Step 3:It is then cooled to room temperature, takes out mold, sampling polishes sample surfaces to get to CuCr30 contact materials Material.
Further, the consistency for obtaining CuCr30 contact materials is not less than not less than 95.6% with conductivity 32.11%.
Further, the sintering process in the step 2 is:First vacuumize, after vacuum degree reaches 0.1MPa, with 100 DEG C/ The heating rate of min is warming up to sintering temperature, soaking time 5min, sintering pressure 40MPa.
Further, the sintering temperature is 800-950 DEG C.
Embodiment 1
(1) use Cu powder (- 300 mesh), Cr powder (- 300 mesh) for raw material, design proportion mass fraction is:Cu 70%, Cr 30%.It weighs powder to be fitted into ball grinder, the ball milling 3h on planetary ball mill, so that Cu powder and the alloy powder of addition is mixed equal It is even.
(2) CuCr30 alloyed powders are placed in the graphite jig of a diameter of 10mm, are put into SPS furnace chambers, first vacuumize, very After reciprocal of duty cycle reaches 0.1MPa, sintering temperature, soaking time 5min, sintering pressure are warming up to the heating rate of 100 DEG C/min For 40MPa, temperature is controlled using the variation of electric current, CuCr30 alloys are prepared according to the technique sintering needed for experiment.Sintering temperature Degree is respectively set to 800 DEG C, soaking time 5min, sintering pressure 40MPa, and heating rate is 100 DEG C/min.
(3) it is then cooled to room temperature, takes out mold, sampling polishes sample surfaces to get to CuCr30 contact materials.
Embodiment 2
(1) use Cu powder (- 300 mesh), Cr powder (- 300 mesh) for raw material, design proportion mass fraction is:Cu 70%, Cr 30%.It weighs powder to be fitted into ball grinder, the ball milling 3h on planetary ball mill, so that Cu powder and the alloy powder of addition is mixed equal It is even.
(2) CuCr30 alloyed powders are placed in the graphite jig of a diameter of 10mm, are put into SPS furnace chambers, first vacuumize, very After reciprocal of duty cycle reaches 0.1MPa, sintering temperature, soaking time 5min, sintering pressure are warming up to the heating rate of 100 DEG C/min For 40MPa, temperature is controlled using the variation of electric current, CuCr30 alloys are prepared according to the technique sintering needed for experiment.Sintering temperature Degree is respectively set to 850 DEG C, soaking time 5min, sintering pressure 40MPa, and heating rate is 100 DEG C/min.
(3) it is then cooled to room temperature, takes out mold, sampling polishes sample surfaces to get to CuCr30 contact materials.
Embodiment 3
(1) use Cu powder (- 300 mesh), Cr powder (- 300 mesh) for raw material, design proportion mass fraction is:Cu 70%, Cr 30%.It weighs powder to be fitted into ball grinder, the ball milling 3h on planetary ball mill, so that Cu powder and the alloy powder of addition is mixed equal It is even.
(2) CuCr30 alloyed powders are placed in the graphite jig of a diameter of 10mm, are put into SPS furnace chambers, first vacuumize, very After reciprocal of duty cycle reaches 0.1MPa, sintering temperature, soaking time 5min, sintering pressure are warming up to the heating rate of 100 DEG C/min For 40MPa, temperature is controlled using the variation of electric current, CuCr30 alloys are prepared according to the technique sintering needed for experiment.Sintering temperature Degree is respectively set to 880 DEG C, soaking time 5min, sintering pressure 40MPa, and heating rate is 100 DEG C/min.
(3) it is then cooled to room temperature, takes out mold, sampling polishes sample surfaces to get to CuCr30 contact materials.
Embodiment 4
(1) use Cu powder (- 300 mesh), Cr powder (- 300 mesh) for raw material, design proportion mass fraction is:Cu 70%, Cr 30%.It weighs powder to be fitted into ball grinder, the ball milling 3h on planetary ball mill, so that Cu powder and the alloy powder of addition is mixed equal It is even.
(2) CuCr30 alloyed powders are placed in the graphite jig of a diameter of 10mm, are put into SPS furnace chambers, first vacuumize, very After reciprocal of duty cycle reaches 0.1MPa, sintering temperature, soaking time 5min, sintering pressure are warming up to the heating rate of 100 DEG C/min For 40MPa, temperature is controlled using the variation of electric current, CuCr30 alloys are prepared according to the technique sintering needed for experiment.Sintering temperature Degree is respectively set to 900 DEG C, soaking time 5min, sintering pressure 40MPa, and heating rate is 100 DEG C/min.
(3) it is then cooled to room temperature, takes out mold, sampling polishes sample surfaces to get to CuCr30 contact materials.
Embodiment 5
(1) use Cu powder (- 300 mesh), Cr powder (- 300 mesh) for raw material, design proportion mass fraction is:Cu 70%, Cr 30%.It weighs powder to be fitted into ball grinder, the ball milling 3h on planetary ball mill, so that Cu powder and the alloy powder of addition is mixed equal It is even.
(2) CuCr30 alloyed powders are placed in the graphite jig of a diameter of 10mm, are put into SPS furnace chambers, first vacuumize, very After reciprocal of duty cycle reaches 0.1MPa, sintering temperature, soaking time 5min, sintering pressure are warming up to the heating rate of 100 DEG C/min For 40MPa, temperature is controlled using the variation of electric current, CuCr30 alloys are prepared according to the technique sintering needed for experiment.Sintering temperature Degree is respectively set to 950 DEG C, soaking time 5min, sintering pressure 40MPa, and heating rate is 100 DEG C/min.
(3) it is then cooled to room temperature, takes out mold, sampling polishes sample surfaces to get to CuCr30 contact materials.
With resistance instrument measured resistivity and then it is converted into conductivity, consistency is measured with drainage.Data result is shown in Table 1.
Table 1:The consistency and conductivity of different sintering temperature CuCr30 alloys
Sintering temperature/DEG C 800 850 880 900 950`
Consistency/% 95.6 97.8 99.0 98.0 97.7
Conductivity/MS/m 35.87 36.25 38.70 32.11 33.87
It can be seen from Table 1 that with the raising of sintering temperature, the consistency and conductivity of alloy are all to present first to rise High then downward trend.When sintering temperature is 880 DEG C, the consistency and conductivity of CuCr30 alloys are best, difference 99% and 38.7MS/m are reached.
Table 2:The performance of Different Preparation CuCr30 alloys
SPS is sintered Powder solid-phase sintering Smelting process Infiltration in vacuum method
Consistency/% 99.0 97.2 99.0 99.0%
Conductivity/MS/m 38.70 32.4 29.3 20
It can be seen from Table 2 that the CuCr30 consistency prepared by SPS techniques can reach the water of other methods preparation It is flat, while conductivity is considerably beyond the preparation process of other methods.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of high conductivity CuCr30 contact materials, which is characterized in that the mass percent of each component of the contact material For:Cu powder 70%wt and Cr powder 30%wt.
2. contact material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the grain size of the Cu powder is not less than -300 mesh, Cr The grain size of powder is not less than -300 mesh.
3. a kind of method preparing contact material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that this method specifically include with Lower step:
Step 1:It is raw material for the Cr powder that the equal grain size of Cu powder peaces of -300 mesh is -300 mesh to use average grain diameter, design Ratio mass fraction is:Cu 70%, Cr 30% weighs powder and is fitted into ball grinder, is turned with certain on planetary ball mill Fast ball milling 2.5-3.5 h make Cu powder and the alloy powder of addition be uniformly mixed, obtain alloy powder;
Step 2:The alloyed powder that step 1 obtains is placed in the graphite jig of a diameter of 10 mm, is put into SPS furnace chambers, carried out Sintering;
Step 3:It is then cooled to room temperature, takes out mold, sampling polishes sample surfaces to get to CuCr30 contact materials.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the consistency for obtaining CuCr30 contact materials is not less than 95.6% and conductivity be not less than 32.11%.
5. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the sintering process in the step 2 is:It first vacuumizes, very After reciprocal of duty cycle reaches 0.1MPa, sintering temperature, soaking time 5min, sintering pressure are warming up to the heating rate of 100 DEG C/min For 40MPa.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the sintering temperature is 800-950 DEG C.
CN201810463988.3A 2018-05-15 2018-05-15 A kind of high conductivity CuCr30 contact materials and preparation method thereof Pending CN108559867A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110468300A (en) * 2019-07-29 2019-11-19 西安斯瑞先进铜合金科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of high-performance CuCr electrical contact
CN111487097A (en) * 2020-03-24 2020-08-04 上海材料研究所 Method for preparing high-performance blocky standard sample blank by using powder as raw material

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105945293A (en) * 2016-04-26 2016-09-21 武汉大学 High-hardness high-conductivity CuCr25 contact material and preparation method and application thereof
CN106086493A (en) * 2016-08-18 2016-11-09 江西理工大学 A kind of fast low temperature sinters the method preparing CuCr alloy material
US20160325354A1 (en) * 2015-05-07 2016-11-10 Thermal Technology, Llc Compressive Sintering Apparatus Comprising Protected Opposing Rams
CN106498205A (en) * 2016-12-13 2017-03-15 合肥工业大学 A kind of manufacture method of the CuCr alloys of large scale high-compactness high uniformity

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160325354A1 (en) * 2015-05-07 2016-11-10 Thermal Technology, Llc Compressive Sintering Apparatus Comprising Protected Opposing Rams
CN105945293A (en) * 2016-04-26 2016-09-21 武汉大学 High-hardness high-conductivity CuCr25 contact material and preparation method and application thereof
CN106086493A (en) * 2016-08-18 2016-11-09 江西理工大学 A kind of fast low temperature sinters the method preparing CuCr alloy material
CN106498205A (en) * 2016-12-13 2017-03-15 合肥工业大学 A kind of manufacture method of the CuCr alloys of large scale high-compactness high uniformity

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110468300A (en) * 2019-07-29 2019-11-19 西安斯瑞先进铜合金科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of high-performance CuCr electrical contact
CN111487097A (en) * 2020-03-24 2020-08-04 上海材料研究所 Method for preparing high-performance blocky standard sample blank by using powder as raw material

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Application publication date: 20180921