CN108558100B - Portable solar photo-thermal conversion water treatment purification device - Google Patents
Portable solar photo-thermal conversion water treatment purification device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108558100B CN108558100B CN201810022342.1A CN201810022342A CN108558100B CN 108558100 B CN108558100 B CN 108558100B CN 201810022342 A CN201810022342 A CN 201810022342A CN 108558100 B CN108558100 B CN 108558100B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003682 fluorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PCRGAMCZHDYVOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper selanylidenetin zinc Chemical compound [Cu].[Zn].[Sn]=[Se] PCRGAMCZHDYVOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WILFBXOGIULNAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper sulfanylidenetin zinc Chemical compound [Sn]=S.[Zn].[Cu] WILFBXOGIULNAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LCUOIYYHNRBAFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;sulfanylideneindium Chemical compound [Cu].[In]=S LCUOIYYHNRBAFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002057 nanoflower Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002077 nanosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SEUJAMVVGAETFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Zn].S=[Sn]=[Se] Chemical compound [Cu].[Zn].S=[Sn]=[Se] SEUJAMVVGAETFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SEAVSGQBBULBCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Sn]=S.[Cu] Chemical compound [Sn]=S.[Cu] SEAVSGQBBULBCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical group [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HVMJUDPAXRRVQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper indium Chemical compound [Cu].[In] HVMJUDPAXRRVQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UIPVMGDJUWUZEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;selanylideneindium Chemical compound [Cu].[In]=[Se] UIPVMGDJUWUZEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- QNWMNMIVDYETIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallium(ii) selenide Chemical compound [Se]=[Ga] QNWMNMIVDYETIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002135 nanosheet Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 35
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003738 black carbon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- RUFPHBVGCFYCNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=CC2=C1 RUFPHBVGCFYCNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000190070 Sarracenia purpurea Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000623 nickel–chromium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013032 photocatalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/02—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of solar photo-thermal conversion evaporation sewage purification treatment, in particular to a portable solar photo-thermal conversion water treatment purification device. The solar condensing lens is adopted, so that the utilization rate of incident sunlight is effectively improved, and the thermal evaporation rate of water is further improved; primarily filtering large-particle pollutants in water to be treated by adopting a porous filter membrane; the semiconductor nanomaterial is used as a photo-thermal conversion carrier, so that photo-thermal conversion efficiency is improved, evaporation of water is accelerated, organic pollutants in water can be effectively removed due to the photo-catalytic effect of the semiconductor material, and in addition, an electric heating auxiliary evaporation technology is adopted in consideration of use in areas with weak illumination and at night. The device can remove most of impurities in the original water after treatment, and the finally obtained water quality can reach the deionized water level. The invention can effectively solve the problem of water use for survival in the fresh water deficient environment such as water source polluted sites, island weapon stations and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar photo-thermal conversion evaporation sewage purification treatment, in particular to a portable solar photo-thermal conversion water treatment purification device.
Background
Population, resources and environment are three major development problems facing the world today, and among the resource problems, water resources are one of the most indispensable and irreplaceable resources for human beings, and have become one of the most important problems of attention and urgent need to find solutions in the world today. The fresh water resource which can be really utilized by human beings is a part of river, lake and groundwater, and only accounts for 0.26% of the total water quantity of the earth. Currently, about 10 hundred million people worldwide face the problem of water resource shortage, and about 2025 years old, about half of the world will live in severely water-deficient areas, and the water resource crisis has become one of the important factors severely restricting human sustainable development. Thus, sea water desalination technology and related industries have been developed as fresh water resource increment and replacement technology in the face of increasingly severe global water crisis situation.
At present, solar energy is one of the primary development directions of renewable energy sources, and is paid more attention to, so that heat energy generated by the solar energy is introduced into a water treatment process, and on one hand, the heat energy generated by the solar energy can be utilized to evaporate water to achieve the effect of removing impurities; on the other hand, the cost of adding the medicament can be greatly reduced by utilizing solar energy, and secondary pollution is brought subsequently. Today, the technology of sea water desalination is only used by a large-scale factory such as a sea water desalination plant, and a water cup with self-contained water (domestic sewage) or sea water purification function is not available in the market, when people are under special severe conditions, for example: the water source polluted area, island weapon stations and other fresh water lack environments, how to purify water quality and how to desalinate sea water become the most central problem how to survive in severe environments.
At present, the efficiency of the traditional solar sewage treatment or sea water desalination is low, which is about 3-4kg/m 2 And/d. The efficiency of the solar water purification system adopting the auxiliary evaporation material can reach 8-10 kg/m 2 And/d. Black organic or inorganic granular substances (black naphthylamine, etc.) are generally adopted in the market to be mixed with water to be treated so as to increase the heat absorption effect of the water and accelerate the evaporation of the water. However, such substances are difficult to recover on the one hand and bring about secondary pollution on the other hand. In recent years, a novel solar-assisted evaporation sea water desalination method has attracted extensive attention in the academic community, which adopts black carbon materials (graphene, carbon nano-tubes and graphene oxide) or nano-metal particles to suspend on a liquid surface so as to fully infiltrate the water to be treated, and uses the black carbon materials to treat the sea waterUnder irradiation, the black material absorbs most of heat in sunlight and limits the heat to the surface layer of the liquid level, thus greatly improving the evaporation efficiency of water, and the evaporation rate can reach 1.5kg/m 2 And/h, if the solar energy condensing system is adopted, the evaporation rate can reach 8-10 kg/m 2 And/h. The method only spreads the auxiliary material on the liquid level, thereby being convenient for recycling again and not producing secondary pollution. However, the auxiliary evaporation method can only filter out metal ions in water, and cannot degrade organic pollutants in water.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a portable solar photo-thermal conversion water treatment and purification device for solving the technical problems.
In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a portable solar photo-thermal conversion water treatment purification device is characterized in that: the device comprises a pure water collecting device, a water storage device to be treated and an upper cover, wherein the upper cover is arranged at an upper opening of the pure water collecting device, a conical flow guide cover is buckled at the upper opening of the pure water collecting device, the conical flow guide cover is arranged in the upper cover, a solar collecting lens is arranged at the top of the upper cover, the water storage device to be treated is arranged in the pure water collecting device, a water guide formed by water guide materials is arranged on the inner wall of the water storage device to be treated, a heat insulation material layer is arranged at the lower end of the top of the water guide, a porous electric heating auxiliary evaporation layer is arranged at the upper end of the top of the water guide, a porous filter membrane is arranged at the upper end face of the porous electric heating auxiliary evaporation layer, an auxiliary evaporation catalytic layer is arranged at the upper end face of the porous filter membrane, and the pure water collecting device, the water storage device to be treated and the upper cover are all made of colorless transparent materials;
the auxiliary evaporation catalysis layer is made of black semiconductor nano material, and the black semiconductor nano material is copper indium sulfide (CuInS) 2 ) Copper indium selenium (CuInSe) 2 ) Copper indium gallium selenium (CuInGaSe) 2 ) Copper tin sulfide (Cu) 2 SnS 3 ) Copper zinc tin sulfide (Cu) 2 ZnSnS 4 ) Copper zinc tin selenium (Cu) 2 ZnSnSe 4 ) Copper zinc tin sulfur selenium (Cu) 2 ZnSn(SSe) 4 ) One or two of (C)Mixing the upper materials; the shape of the nano material is nanospheres, nanosheets, nanoparticles or nanoflowers, and the particle size distribution is 5-500 nm;
the solar collecting lens is a round biconvex lens, a plano-convex lens, a combined lens or a Fresnel lens, the effective aperture of the solar collecting lens is 80-150 mm, the focal length of the solar collecting lens is 50-100 mm, and the solar collecting lens is made of colorless optical glass or colorless optical plastic;
the conical flow guiding cover is conical, the preparation material is colorless optical glass or colorless optical plastic, the height is 25-50 mm, the caliber is 80-150 mm, and the working surface of the conical flow guiding cover is subjected to low surface energy hydrophobic fluorination treatment.
The porous electrothermal auxiliary evaporation layer is connected with a power supply.
The porous filter membrane is a water-based filter membrane or a mixed membrane with the aperture of 0.22 micron or 0.45 micron, and the diameter of the porous filter membrane is 50-100 mm.
The diameter of the porous electrothermal auxiliary evaporation layer is 50-100 mm, and the porous electrothermal auxiliary evaporation layer comprises a porous material substrate, a resistance wire and an electrode; the electrodes are arranged at two ends of the resistance wire, and the resistance wire is arranged on the porous material substrate;
the porous material substrate is made of porous ceramic or a porous filter membrane;
the resistance wire adopts alloy, pure metal or nonmetal, and the alloy is nickel-chromium or iron-nickel; the pure metal is molybdenum, tungsten or tantalum; the nonmetal is graphite or silicon carbide, and the surface of the resistance wire is insulated;
the electrode is made of gold, titanium or platinum metal which has good conductivity and acid and alkali corrosion resistance.
The heat insulation material of the heat insulation material layer is selected from foamed plastic, aerogel heat insulation felt or vacuum heat insulation board.
The power supply is a manual generator, a portable solar cell module or various storage batteries.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention adopts the black semiconductor nano material to assist the evaporation catalytic layer to realize water purification, and the black semiconductor nano material has higher light absorption coefficient and larger specific surface area, can efficiently convert solar energy into heat energy, promotes the evaporation of water and realizes the desalination function;
2. the black semiconductor material adopted by the invention has obvious capability of photocatalytic decomposition of organic matters in a visible light region based on the principle of semiconductor photocatalysis, and can decompose the organic matters in water to realize further purification of the water;
3. the solar energy condensing lens and the electric heating auxiliary evaporation design are adopted, the solar energy condensing lens can be used in the condition of sunlight or in the area with weak illumination and at night, the water evaporation rate can be improved, and the solar cell module can be used for realizing electric heating auxiliary heating under the condition of good illumination, so that the real green and environment-friendly water purification is realized;
4. the invention adopts the solar collecting lens, so that the evaporation rate of water can be greatly improved;
5. the working surface of the conical diversion cover can greatly improve diversion and collection efficiency of pure water through hydrophobic fluorination treatment with low surface energy.
6. The heat insulation material is adopted to limit heat energy to the evaporation area, so that the heat loss of the evaporation area is effectively reduced.
7. The specific functions of the device of the invention are as follows: firstly, primarily filtering water through a capillary water guide material and a filter membrane, and then, under the irradiation of focused sun light through a semiconductor material, on one hand, assisting in accelerating the evaporation of water; on the other hand, due to the photocatalysis effect of the semiconductor material, organic pollutants in water are effectively degraded, thereby achieving the purposes of effectively filtering metal ions and degrading organic matters,
8. the invention promotes the practical process of low-cost water treatment and can also ensure the living water problem in difficult drinking areas.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a porous electrothermal auxiliary evaporation layer structure;
in the figure: reference numerals illustrate: 1-solar collecting lens, 2-upper cover, 3-conical flow guiding cover, 4-auxiliary evaporation catalytic layer, 5-porous filter membrane, 6-porous electric heating auxiliary evaporation layer, 7-water guiding material layer, 8-heat insulation material layer, 9-water storage device to be treated, 10-water to be treated, 11-pure water, 12-pure water collecting device, 13-external power supply, 14-porous material substrate, 15-resistance wire and 16-electrode.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The utility model provides a portable solar photo-thermal conversion water treatment purifier, includes pure water collection device 12, pending water storage device 9 and upper cover 2, upper cover 2 set up in the upper portion opening part of pure water collection device 12, the upper opening part knot of pure water collection device 12 is equipped with toper water conservancy diversion lid 3, toper water conservancy diversion lid 3 sets up in upper cover 2, the top of upper cover 2 is provided with solar energy condensing lens 1, pure water collection device 12 in be provided with pending water storage device 9, be provided with the water guide ware that is formed by water guide material 7 on the inner wall of pending water storage device 9, the top lower extreme of water guide ware is provided with thermal insulation material layer 8, the top upper end is provided with porous electric heat auxiliary evaporation layer 6, the up end of porous electric heat auxiliary evaporation layer 6 be provided with porous filter membrane 5, the up end of porous filter membrane 5 is provided with auxiliary evaporation catalysis layer 4.
The porous electrothermal auxiliary evaporation layer 6 is connected with a power supply 13.
The solar collecting lens 1 is a round biconvex lens, a plano-convex lens, a combined lens or a Fresnel lens, the effective aperture of the solar collecting lens is 80-150 mm, the focal length of the solar collecting lens is 50-100 mm, and the preparation material of the solar collecting lens is colorless optical glass or colorless optical plastic.
The conical flow guide cover 3 is conical, is made of colorless optical glass or colorless optical plastic, has a height of 25-50 mm and a caliber of 80-150 mm, and is beneficial to flow guide and collection of pure water by performing hydrophobic fluorination treatment with low surface energy on the working surface of the conical flow guide cover.
The auxiliary steamThe hair catalyst layer 4 is made of black semiconductor nanomaterial selected from copper indium sulfide (CuInS 2 ) Copper indium selenium (CuInSe) 2 ) Copper indium gallium selenium (CuInGaSe) 2 ) Copper tin sulfide (Cu) 2 SnS 3 ) Copper zinc tin sulfide (Cu) 2 ZnSnS 4 ) Copper zinc tin selenium (Cu) 2 ZnSnSe 4 ) Copper zinc tin sulfur selenium (Cu) 2 ZnSn(SSe) 4 ) Is a mixture of one or more materials; the shape of the nano material is nanospheres, nanosheets, nanoparticles or nanoflower, and the particle size distribution is 5-500 nm.
The porous filter membrane 5 is a water-based filter membrane or a mixed membrane with the aperture of 0.22 micron or 0.45 micron, and the diameter of the water-based filter membrane or the mixed membrane is 50-100 mm.
The diameter of the porous electrothermal auxiliary evaporation layer 6 is 50-100 mm, and the porous electrothermal auxiliary evaporation layer comprises a porous material substrate 14, a resistance wire 15 and an electrode 16; the electrodes 16 are arranged at two ends of the resistance wire 15, and the resistance wire 15 is arranged on the porous material substrate 14;
the porous material substrate 14 is made of porous ceramic or porous filter membrane;
the resistance wire 15 is made of alloy, pure metal or nonmetal, and the alloy is nickel-chromium or iron-nickel; the pure metal is molybdenum, tungsten or tantalum; the nonmetal is graphite or silicon carbide, and the surface of the resistance wire is insulated;
the electrode 16 is made of gold, titanium or platinum metal which has good conductivity and acid and alkali corrosion resistance.
The heat insulation material of the heat insulation material layer is selected from foamed plastic, aerogel heat insulation felt or vacuum heat insulation board.
The power supply 13 is a manual generator, a portable solar cell module or various storage batteries.
The upper cover adopts a cylindrical structure, is 30-60 mm high and 80-150 mm in caliber, and the preparation material of the upper cover can be colorless optical glass or colorless optical plastic.
The water guide material is selected from cotton, long fiber paper, silk, organic polymer fiber and the like;
the water storage device to be treated adopts a cylindrical design, the volume is 0.3-1 liter, and the preparation material is colorless optical glass or colorless optical plastic.
The pure water collecting device is of a cylindrical design and has a volume of 0.5-2 liters, and the preparation material of the pure water collecting device is colorless optical glass or colorless optical plastic.
The working method of the portable solar photo-thermal conversion water treatment and purification device comprises the following steps: the water to be treated 10 is placed in a water storage device 9 to be treated, the water to be treated is uniformly guided to an area to be evaporated by utilizing a water guider made of a water guiding material 7, the water to be treated 10 is uniformly guided to a black semiconductor nano material auxiliary evaporation catalysis layer 4 due to the capillary force action in a porous electric heating auxiliary evaporation layer 6 and a porous filter membrane 5, preliminary purification is realized, incident sunlight is converged on the black semiconductor nano material auxiliary evaporation catalysis layer 4 by utilizing a solar collecting lens 1, photo-thermal conversion and semiconductor photo-catalytic reaction are realized, desalination and degradation treatment of organic matters in water are carried out on the water to be treated, pure water steam is formed, pure water steam is further condensed into pure water on a conical guide cover 3, due to the slope design of the conical guide cover 3, pure water 11 is converged into a pure water collecting device 12 along a slope, the heat insulation material layer 8 separates the water evaporation area from the water storage area of the water to be treated 10, heat loss of the evaporation area is reduced, and the porous electric heating auxiliary evaporation layer 6 is connected with an external power supply 13 at night in a weak illumination area, and electric heating auxiliary evaporation is realized.
Example 1, a Fresnel lens prepared from optically colorless plastic is adopted as a solar condenser, the optical effective caliber is 80mm, and the focal length is 50mm; the upper cover is made of optical colorless plastic, and has a height of 30mm and a caliber of 80mm; the conical flow guiding cover is made of optical colorless plastic, the height is 25mm, the caliber is 80mm, and the working surface is subjected to hydrophobic fluorination treatment with low surface energy; the black semiconductor nano material auxiliary evaporation catalysis layer adopts copper zinc tin selenium (Cu) with particle size of 200nm 2 ZnSnSe 4 ) A nanosphere; the porous filter membrane adopts a water-based filter membrane with the diameter of 50mm and the diameter of 0.22 micrometer; the porous electrothermal auxiliary evaporation layer adopts porous ceramic as a substrate, the diameter of the porous ceramic is 50mm, the resistance wire adopts nickel-chromium alloy wires brushed with insulating paint, and the electrode adopts titanium metal; the water guide material is cotton cloth; the heat insulation material adopts foam plastic, the water storage device to be treated is prepared by colorless optical plastic, and the volume is 0.3 liter; the pure water collecting device adopts colorless optical plasticPreparing materials, wherein the volume is 0.5 liter; the external power source is a manual generator.
Example 2, a solar condenser adopts a biconvex lens prepared from optical colorless glass, the effective aperture of the biconvex lens is 150mm, and the focal length is 100mm; the upper cover is made of optical colorless glass, and has a height of 60mm and a caliber of 150mm; the conical flow guiding cover is prepared from optical colorless glass, the caliber is 150mm, and the working surface is subjected to low surface energy hydrophobic fluorination treatment; the black semiconductor nano material auxiliary evaporation catalysis layer adopts copper indium sulfide (CuInS) with the particle diameter of 5nm 2 ) A nanoparticle; the porous filter membrane adopts a water-based filter membrane with the diameter of 100mm and the diameter of 0.45 micrometer; the porous electrothermal auxiliary evaporation layer adopts porous ceramic as a substrate, the diameter is 100mm, the resistance wire adopts tungsten wire brushed with insulating paint, and the electrode adopts gold; the water guide material adopts long fiber paper; the heat insulation material adopts a vacuum heat insulation plate, the water storage device to be treated is prepared by colorless optical glass, and the volume is 1 liter; the pure water collecting device is prepared by colorless optical glass and has a volume of 2 liters; the external power supply is a storage battery.
Example 3, a solar condenser adopts a plano-convex lens prepared from optical colorless glass, the optical effective caliber is 100mm, and the focal length is 100mm; the upper cover is made of optical colorless plastic, and has a height of 50mm and a caliber of 100mm; the conical flow guiding cover is prepared from optical colorless plastic, the caliber is 100mm, and the working surface is subjected to hydrophobic fluorination treatment with low surface energy; the black semiconductor nano material auxiliary evaporation catalysis layer adopts copper zinc tin sulfide (Cu) with particle diameter of 500nm 2 ZnSnS 4 ) A nanoflower; the porous filter membrane adopts a mixed filter membrane with the diameter of 60mm and the diameter of 0.45 micrometers; the porous electrothermal auxiliary evaporation layer adopts a porous filter membrane as a substrate, the diameter is 60mm, the resistance wire adopts graphite wires brushed with insulating paint, and the electrode adopts platinum; the water guide material adopts organic polymer fiber; the heat insulation material adopts aerogel heat insulation felt, the water storage device to be treated is prepared from colorless optical plastic, and the volume is 0.75 liter; the pure water collecting device is prepared by colorless optical plastic and has a volume of 1.5 liters; the external power supply is a solar cell module.
In summary, the invention not only can filter large-particle pollutants in water to be treated through a filter membrane, but also can desalt water and remove organic pollutants through thermal evaporation and photocatalysis reaction, and finally, purified water with deionized water grade is obtained. The invention can effectively solve the problem of water use for survival in the fresh water deficient environment such as water source polluted sites, island weapon stations and the like.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A portable solar photo-thermal conversion water treatment purification device is characterized in that: the device comprises a pure water collecting device (12), a water storage device (9) to be treated and an upper cover (2), wherein the upper cover (2) is arranged at an opening at the upper part of the pure water collecting device (12), a conical flow guide cover (3) is buckled at the upper opening of the pure water collecting device (12), the conical flow guide cover (3) is arranged in the upper cover (2), a solar collecting mirror (1) is arranged at the top of the upper cover (2), the water storage device (9) to be treated is arranged in the pure water collecting device (12), a water guider formed by water guiding materials (7) is arranged on the inner wall of the water storage device (9) to be treated, a heat insulation material layer (8) is arranged at the lower end of the top of the water guider, a porous electric heating auxiliary evaporation layer (6) is arranged at the upper end of the top, a porous filter membrane (5) is arranged at the upper end of the porous electric heating auxiliary evaporation layer (4), and the pure water collecting device (12), the water storage device (9) to be treated and the upper cover (2) are all colorless and transparent materials;
the auxiliary evaporation catalysis layer (4) is made of black semiconductor nano material, and the black semiconductor nano material is copper indium sulfide (CuInS) 2 ) Copper indium selenium (CuInSe) 2 ) Copper indium gallium selenium (CuInGaSe) 2 ) Copper tin sulfide (Cu) 2 SnS 3 ) Copper zinc tin sulfide (Cu) 2 ZnSnS 4 ) Copper zinc tin selenium (Cu) 2 ZnSnSe 4 ) Copper zinc tin sulfur selenium (Cu) 2 ZnSn(SSe) 4 ) Is a mixture of one or more materials; the shape of the nano material is nanospheres, nanosheets, nanoparticles or nanoflowers, and the particle size distribution is 5-500 nm;
the solar collecting lens (1) is a round biconvex lens, a plano-convex lens, a combined lens or a Fresnel lens, the effective aperture of the solar collecting lens is 80-150 mm, the focal length of the solar collecting lens is 50-100 mm, and the preparation material of the solar collecting lens is colorless optical glass or colorless optical plastic;
the conical flow guiding cover (3) is conical, the preparation material is colorless optical glass or colorless optical plastic, the height is 25-50 mm, the caliber is 80-150 mm, and the working surface of the conical flow guiding cover is subjected to hydrophobic fluorination treatment with low surface energy.
2. The portable solar photo-thermal conversion water treatment and purification device according to claim 1, wherein: the porous electric heating auxiliary evaporation layer (6) is connected with a power supply (13).
3. The portable solar photo-thermal conversion water treatment and purification device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the porous filter membrane (5) is a water-based filter membrane or a mixed membrane with the aperture of 0.22 micron or 0.45 micron, and the diameter of the porous filter membrane is 50-100 mm.
4. A portable solar photothermal conversion water treatment purification device according to claim 3, wherein: the diameter of the porous electrothermal auxiliary evaporation layer (6) is 50-100 mm, and the porous electrothermal auxiliary evaporation layer comprises a porous material substrate (14), a resistance wire (15) and an electrode (16); the electrodes (16) are arranged at two ends of the resistance wire (15), and the resistance wire (15) is arranged on the porous material substrate (14);
the porous material substrate (14) is made of porous ceramic or a porous filter membrane;
the resistance wire (15) adopts alloy, pure metal or nonmetal, and the alloy is nickel-chromium or iron-nickel; the pure metal is molybdenum, tungsten or tantalum; the nonmetal is graphite or silicon carbide, and the surface of the resistance wire is insulated;
the electrode (16) is made of gold, titanium or platinum metal which has good conductivity and acid and alkali corrosion resistance.
5. The portable solar photo-thermal conversion water treatment and purification device according to claim 4, wherein: the heat insulation material of the heat insulation material layer is selected from foamed plastic, aerogel heat insulation felt or vacuum heat insulation board.
6. The portable solar photo-thermal conversion water treatment and purification device according to claim 2, wherein: the power supply (13) is a manual generator, a portable solar cell module or various storage batteries.
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| CN112169816A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-05 | 东莞理工学院 | Three-dimensional porous MXene assembly and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112919713A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-08 | 东华大学 | Suspension type solar seawater desalination and pollutant degradation integrated device |
| CN113104919A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Solar light-gathering evaporation device based on photo-thermal distillation material and using method thereof |
| CN115571943A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2023-01-06 | 北京绿佳杰园林工程有限公司 | Landscape's rainwater recovery processing device |
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