CN108548646A - The quantitative measuring method of damage development overall process in a kind of vibration fatigue test - Google Patents

The quantitative measuring method of damage development overall process in a kind of vibration fatigue test Download PDF

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CN108548646A
CN108548646A CN201810268754.3A CN201810268754A CN108548646A CN 108548646 A CN108548646 A CN 108548646A CN 201810268754 A CN201810268754 A CN 201810268754A CN 108548646 A CN108548646 A CN 108548646A
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sample
vibration
exciting
test
damage
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CN108548646B (en
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许巍
钟斌
杨宪峰
何玉怀
陶春虎
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AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/02Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/02Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
    • G01M7/025Measuring arrangements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/32Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/0005Repeated or cyclic
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0069Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G01N2203/0073Fatigue

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention is a kind of quantitative measuring method of damage development overall process in vibration fatigue test, this method uses the displacement sinusoidal signal of laser displacement sensor synchronous recording sample, using the exciting acceleration signal of acceleration transducer synchronous recording vibration rig stage body;Sentence method for distinguishing by phase difference and capture intrinsic frequency of sample during vibrating fatigue, and energy real-time tracking and the change procedure for recording intrinsic frequency come accurate, to realize the quantitative test to sample damage development overall process in vibration fatigue test.Test method proposed by the present invention can measure damage starting and loss evolution overall process of the sample in vibration fatigue test life cycle management online, and require test equipment low, the accuracy height of data, and the reference significance of data result is big.Fatigue damage feature and fatigue life rule for research material and structure have important application value.

Description

The quantitative measuring method of damage development overall process in a kind of vibration fatigue test
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of quantitative measuring method of damage development overall process in vibration fatigue test, belongs to mechanical property survey Try technical field.
Background technology
Fatigue failure is failure mode common in engineering material.Carry out fatigue property test for engineering material, for The design and life prediction of engineering structure part have very important significance.Vibration is forms of motion common in engineering structure, And the major reason for causing engineering structure and fatigue of materials to fail, therefore vibrationfatigue test is that acquisition material and structural member exist The important means of testing of fatigue behaviour under vibration condition.
During fatigue loading, in-situ observation is carried out to the tired danger area of sample, with obtain fatigue damage starting and Damage development overall process has a very important significance the fatigue behaviour of research material and structure.Sample is in vibrating fatigue In test process, vibration frequency is usually relatively high (hundreds of arrive thousands of Hz), under so high vibrating fatigue frequency condition, uses The method real-time acquisition difficult to realize to sample fatigue damage starting and damage development image of online in-situ image observation, this Outside, since the fatigue and cyclic cycle required by vibrationfatigue test is higher, 10 have been generally reached7To 109Recurring number, single sample Test period possibly even be up to dozens of days, even if the tired danger area image in damage development overall process can be collected, Its image scale also will be quite huge, and very high challenge is proposed for image storage and processing.Therefore, suitable there is an urgent need for finding Alternative damages sample during vibration fatigue test to realize the quantitative test of starting and evolution overall process.
Invention content
The present invention is exactly designed and is provided in a kind of vibration fatigue test in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art The quantitative measuring method of damage development overall process, the purpose is to easy, quickly and accurately acquisition material vibrating fatigue damage develops Overall process.
Technical solution of the invention is as follows:
The quantitative measuring method of damage development overall process in this kind of vibration fatigue test, it is characterised in that:The step of this method It is rapid as follows:
Step 1: according to air standard《Engine blade and material vibrating fatigue test method》(HB5277-1984) accurate Standby sample;
Step 2: sample is mounted on vibration rig, sample is loaded, Loaded contact analysis is sine wave, is adjusted The excited frequency of vibration rig stage body is saved to the intrinsic frequency f of sample0, so that sample is resonated, then, adjust vibration examination The exciting acceleration for testing equipment stage body after so that sample amplitude is reached specified value, keeps experiment stress state and starts the cycle over counting;
The specified value is the amplitude corresponding to the stress level of test requirements document;
Using the displacement sinusoidal signal of laser displacement sensor synchronous recording sample, using acceleration transducer synchronous recording The exciting acceleration signal of vibration rig stage body;
The displacement sinusoidal signal is described with following formula:
In formula:
The shift value of the sample of x-laser displacement sensor synchronous recording, unit mm;
x0The specified value of-sample amplitude, unit mm;
T-time, unit s;
f1The frequency of displacement sinusoidal signal of the sample of-laser displacement sensor record under resonance state, unit Hz;
The phase difference of-displacement sinusoidal signal and exciting acceleration signal;
The exciting acceleration signal is described with following formula:
A=a0sin(2πf2t)…………………………………………………[2]
In formula:
The acceleration value of the vibration rig stage body of a-acceleration transducer synchronous recording, unit m/s2
a0The exciting acceleration amplitude of-vibration rig stage body when sample amplitude being made to reach specified value, unit m/s2
f2The frequency of exciting acceleration signal of the sample of-acceleration transducer record under resonance state, unit Hz;
Step 3: after fatigue damage occurs for sample, declines with the intrinsic frequency of sample, adjust exciting acceleration signal Frequency f2So that sample is kept resonance, and keep the specified value of sample amplitude, until sample fails;
Step 4: according to the exciting acceleration signal of the vibration rig stage body of acceleration transducer synchronous recording, obtain To the frequency f of the exciting acceleration signal under resonance state2The real-time f of N is counted with loaded cycle2- N relation curves, by the song Line exports the real-time relationship curve of the damaging parameter D and loaded cycle counting N of sample, and damaging parameter D is described with following formula:
In formula:
The variation range of the damage variable of D-sample, dimensionless, D is:0≤D≤1, wherein as D=1, sample is complete Damage and failure;
K-fail-ure criterion coefficient, according to air standard《Engine blade and material vibrating fatigue test method》 (HB5277-1984) regulation is chosen.
After damage starting occurs for sample, declines with the intrinsic frequency of sample, f need to be increased2- N and D-N data record frequencies It is secondary;And before sample damages, within longer test period, f2Without significant change, f can be reduced2- N and D-N data records The frequency stores pressure to mitigate data.When D=1 is calculated in formula [3], fatigue rupture occurs for judgement sample, or reaches Provide largest loop number NfWhen, experiment terminates.
The vibration rig includes stage body, laser displacement sensor, acceleration transducer, vibration controller and master control Computer, vibration controller are used for the control and acquisition of signal, and main control computer being capable of real-time storage and display vibration controller The various signals transmitted.
In step 2, the phase difference of real-time displacement sinusoidal signal and exciting acceleration signalWork as phase differenceIt is 90 °, examination Sample is resonance state.
In actual moving process,It is difficult to capture at the time of being equal to 90 °, it is believed thatWhen being substantial access to 90 ° just It resonates, works as phase differenceWhen meeting following formula [4], sample is in resonance state:
In formula:
ζ-phase difference offset threshold, unit be °, value be more than 0 °, be less than 2 °.
After Vibration on Start-up pilot system, before fatigue damage occurs for sample, phase differenceThe requirement of coincidence formula [4], exciting The frequency f2 of acceleration signal is equal with the initial intrinsic frequency f0 of sample.
The present invention has the special feature that and has the beneficial effect that:
Using the displacement sinusoidal signal of laser displacement sensor synchronous recording sample, using acceleration transducer synchronous recording The exciting acceleration signal of vibration rig stage body;Method for distinguishing is sentenced by phase difference accurately to capture sample in vibrating fatigue Intrinsic frequency in the process, and energy real-time tracking and the change procedure for recording intrinsic frequency, it is tired in vibration to sample to realize The quantitative test of damage development overall process in labor experiment.It is tired in vibration that test method proposed by the present invention can measure sample online Labor tests damage starting and loss evolution overall process in life cycle management, and requires low, the accuracy of data to test equipment The reference significance of height, data result is big.Fatigue damage feature and fatigue life rule for research material and structure have weight The application value wanted.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the test method flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sheet coupon figure used in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the evolution curve of frequency in embodiment-cycle cycle and damage variable-cycle cycle.
Specific implementation mode
It elaborates to the present invention below with reference to drawings and examples.
Shown in attached drawing 1, in this kind of vibration fatigue test the step of the quantitative measuring method of damage development overall process such as Under:
Step 1: according to air standard《Engine blade and material vibrating fatigue test method》(HB5277-1984) it makes Standby sample;
Sample uses TA11 titanium alloy plates, thickness 2mm, sample long 120mm, width 20mm, and dangerouse cross-section is minimum Width is 10mm, and specimen shape and size are shown in Fig. 2.By actual measurement, sample initial intrinsic frequency f is determined0For 246Hz, maximum is followed Number of rings NfIt is 107Cycle, it is specified that maximum proof stress value be 440MPa, demarcated through overstress, determine the specified value of sample amplitude For 2.505mm;
Step 2: sample is mounted on vibration rig, vibration rig is the vibration that closed-loop control can be achieved Fatigue test system, the vibration rig include stage body, laser displacement sensor, acceleration transducer, vibration controller And main control computer, vibration controller are used for the control and acquisition of signal, main control computer being capable of real-time storage and display vibration The various signals that controller transmits connect each measurement and control unit, form closed loop, can realize during the experiment certainly Dynamic closed loop accurately controls, and mitigates manual operation intensity;
Sample is loaded, Loaded contact analysis is sine wave, adjusts the excited frequency of vibration rig stage body to sample Intrinsic frequency f0, after the two is coincide, sample resonates, and then, adjusts the exciting acceleration of vibration rig stage body, makes After sample amplitude reaches specified value, keeps experiment stress state and start the cycle over counting;
The specified value is the amplitude corresponding to the stress level of test requirements document;
Using the displacement sinusoidal signal of laser displacement sensor synchronous recording sample, using acceleration transducer synchronous recording The exciting acceleration signal of vibration rig stage body;
The displacement sinusoidal signal is described with following formula:
In formula:
The shift value of the sample of x-laser displacement sensor synchronous recording, unit mm;
x0The specified value of-sample amplitude, unit mm;
T-time, unit s;
f1The frequency of displacement sinusoidal signal of the sample of-laser displacement sensor record under resonance state, unit Hz;
The phase difference of-displacement sinusoidal signal and exciting acceleration signal;
The exciting acceleration signal is described with following formula:
A=a0sin(2f2t)……………………………………………………[2]
In formula:
The exciting acceleration value of the vibration rig stage body of a-acceleration transducer synchronous recording, unit m/s2
a0The exciting acceleration amplitude of-vibration rig stage body when sample amplitude being made to reach specified value, unit m/s2
f2The frequency of exciting acceleration signal of the sample of-acceleration transducer record under resonance state, unit Hz;
In step 2, the phase difference of real-time displacement sinusoidal signal and exciting acceleration signalWork as phase differenceIt is 90 °, examination Sample is resonance state.But in actual moving process,It is difficult to capture at the time of being equal to 90 °, it is believed thatIt is substantial access to It just resonates at 90 °, works as phase differenceWhen meeting following formula [4], sample is in resonance state:
In formula:
ζ-phase difference offset threshold, unit be °, value be 2 °;
Whether vibration rig in real time judge in resonance state sample according to the result of calculation of formula [4], If the judgment is No, continue to adjusting the excited frequency of vibration rig stage body to the intrinsic frequency f of sample0, adjust simultaneously The exciting acceleration of vibration rig stage body, makes sample amplitude reach specified value;
Step 3: after fatigue damage occurs for sample, declines with the intrinsic frequency of sample, adjust exciting acceleration signal Frequency f2So that sample is kept resonance, and keep the specified value of sample amplitude, until sample fails;
Step 4: according to the exciting acceleration signal of the vibration rig stage body of acceleration transducer synchronous recording, obtain To the frequency f of the exciting acceleration signal under resonance state2The real-time f of N is counted with loaded cycle2- N relation curves, by the song Damaging parameter D and the loaded cycle that line exports sample count the real-time relationship curve of N, as shown in figure 3, damaging parameter D is with following Formula describes:
In formula:
The variation range of the damage variable of D-sample, dimensionless, D is:0≤D≤1, wherein as D=1, sample is complete Damage and failure;
K-fail-ure criterion coefficient, value 0.01, according to air standard《Engine blade and material vibrating fatigue test Method》(HB5277-1984) regulation is chosen.
In Fig. 3, the relation curve of damaging parameter D and loaded cycle number N is provided in real time, and wherein damaging parameter D presses formula [3] It is calculated.When recurring number reaches 5.269 × 106When, D=1, sample destroys, off-test, exports f2- N curves and D-N Data simultaneously draw curve.

Claims (3)

1. the quantitative measuring method of damage development overall process in a kind of vibration fatigue test, it is characterised in that:The step of this method It is as follows:
Step 1: according to air standard《Engine blade and material vibrating fatigue test method》(HB5277-1984) prepare examination Sample;
Step 2: sample is mounted on vibration rig, sample is loaded, Loaded contact analysis is sine wave, and adjusting is shaken The excited frequency of dynamic test equipment stage body makes sample resonate to the intrinsic frequency f0 of sample, then, adjusts vibration test and sets The exciting acceleration of standby stage body after so that sample amplitude is reached specified value, keeps experiment stress state and starts the cycle over counting;
The specified value is the amplitude corresponding to the stress level of test requirements document;
Using the displacement sinusoidal signal of laser displacement sensor synchronous recording sample, vibrated using acceleration transducer synchronous recording The exciting acceleration signal of testing equipment stage body;
The displacement sinusoidal signal is described with following formula:
In formula:
The shift value of the sample of x-laser displacement sensor synchronous recording, unit mm;
x0The specified value of-sample amplitude, unit mm;
T-time, unit s;
f1The frequency of displacement sinusoidal signal of the sample of-laser displacement sensor record under resonance state, unit Hz;
The phase difference of-displacement sinusoidal signal and exciting acceleration signal;
The exciting acceleration signal is described with following formula:
A=a0sin(2πf2t)………………………………………………………[2]
In formula:
The exciting acceleration value of the vibration rig stage body of a-acceleration transducer synchronous recording, unit m/s2
a0The exciting acceleration amplitude of-vibration rig stage body when sample amplitude being made to reach specified value, unit m/s2
f2The frequency of exciting acceleration signal of the sample of-acceleration transducer record under resonance state, unit Hz;
Step 3: after fatigue damage occurs for sample, declines with the intrinsic frequency of sample, adjust the frequency of exciting acceleration signal Rate f2So that sample is kept resonance, and keep the specified value of sample amplitude, until sample fails;
Step 4: according to the exciting acceleration signal of the vibration rig stage body of acceleration transducer synchronous recording, obtain The frequency f of exciting acceleration signal under resonance state2The real-time f of N is counted with loaded cycle2- N relation curves are led by the curve The damaging parameter D for going out sample counts the real-time relationship curve of N with loaded cycle, and damaging parameter D is described with following formula:
In formula:
The variation range of the damage variable of D-sample, dimensionless, D is:0≤D≤1, wherein as D=1, sample damages completely It destroys;
K-fail-ure criterion coefficient, according to air standard《Engine blade and material vibrating fatigue test method》(HB5277- 1984) regulation is chosen.
2. the quantitative measuring method of damage development overall process, feature exist in vibration fatigue test according to claim 1 In:In step 2, the phase difference of real-time displacement sinusoidal signal and exciting acceleration signalWork as phase differenceIt it is 90 °, sample is Resonance state.
3. the quantitative measuring method of damage development overall process, feature exist in vibration fatigue test according to claim 2 In:Work as phase differenceWhen meeting following formula [4], sample is in resonance state:
In formula:
ζ-phase difference offset threshold, unit be °, value be more than 0 °, be less than 2 °.
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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109632229A (en) * 2019-01-25 2019-04-16 北京航空航天大学 Resonance fatigue test method, device and engineering testing fatigue platform
CN109946057A (en) * 2019-03-28 2019-06-28 湖南科技大学 A kind of pneumatic equipment bladess damage diagnosis method based on intrinsic frequency
CN110542525A (en) * 2019-06-25 2019-12-06 上海航空材料结构检测股份有限公司 Method for testing vibration fatigue performance of metal in axial resonance state
CN113624434A (en) * 2021-07-23 2021-11-09 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 Test method and device for hybrid electric drive assembly
CN114813003A (en) * 2022-06-27 2022-07-29 中国飞机强度研究所 Multi-parameter measurement method for vibration fatigue damage of metal component of airplane
CN114813005A (en) * 2022-06-29 2022-07-29 中国飞机强度研究所 System and method for testing vibration fatigue characteristics of airplane components
CN115824545A (en) * 2023-02-21 2023-03-21 湖南云箭科技有限公司 Method and system for determining fatigue damage accelerated endurance test conditions of airborne equipment

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JP2007147634A (en) * 2006-12-22 2007-06-14 Rikogaku Shinkokai Method and device for vibration analysis and computer-readable recording medium
CN201876344U (en) * 2010-05-17 2011-06-22 王士敏 Resonant vibration table with adjustable supporting rigidity
CN105651496A (en) * 2014-11-19 2016-06-08 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 Method for determining fatigue life index of hydraulic conduit

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005308732A (en) * 2004-03-26 2005-11-04 Sekisui Jushi Co Ltd Vibration durability evaluation method for mark pillar
JP2007147634A (en) * 2006-12-22 2007-06-14 Rikogaku Shinkokai Method and device for vibration analysis and computer-readable recording medium
CN201876344U (en) * 2010-05-17 2011-06-22 王士敏 Resonant vibration table with adjustable supporting rigidity
CN105651496A (en) * 2014-11-19 2016-06-08 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 Method for determining fatigue life index of hydraulic conduit

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109632229A (en) * 2019-01-25 2019-04-16 北京航空航天大学 Resonance fatigue test method, device and engineering testing fatigue platform
CN109946057A (en) * 2019-03-28 2019-06-28 湖南科技大学 A kind of pneumatic equipment bladess damage diagnosis method based on intrinsic frequency
CN109946057B (en) * 2019-03-28 2020-09-01 湖南科技大学 Wind turbine blade damage diagnosis method based on natural frequency
CN110542525A (en) * 2019-06-25 2019-12-06 上海航空材料结构检测股份有限公司 Method for testing vibration fatigue performance of metal in axial resonance state
CN113624434A (en) * 2021-07-23 2021-11-09 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 Test method and device for hybrid electric drive assembly
CN113624434B (en) * 2021-07-23 2023-12-19 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 Test method and device for hybrid electric drive assembly
CN114813003A (en) * 2022-06-27 2022-07-29 中国飞机强度研究所 Multi-parameter measurement method for vibration fatigue damage of metal component of airplane
CN114813005A (en) * 2022-06-29 2022-07-29 中国飞机强度研究所 System and method for testing vibration fatigue characteristics of airplane components
CN114813005B (en) * 2022-06-29 2022-09-20 中国飞机强度研究所 System and method for testing vibration fatigue characteristics of airplane components
CN115824545A (en) * 2023-02-21 2023-03-21 湖南云箭科技有限公司 Method and system for determining fatigue damage accelerated endurance test conditions of airborne equipment

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