CN108548374A - 一种低温空气管带液进下塔的布管装置 - Google Patents

一种低温空气管带液进下塔的布管装置 Download PDF

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CN108548374A
CN108548374A CN201810509375.9A CN201810509375A CN108548374A CN 108548374 A CN108548374 A CN 108548374A CN 201810509375 A CN201810509375 A CN 201810509375A CN 108548374 A CN108548374 A CN 108548374A
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pipeline
pipe
liquid
section
air
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曹徽
俞国厅
毛炜
李主荣
邓小东
孙彬
伍晓娟
张丽娇
郑明帅
钟斌
袁拥强
陈晋
胡军
鹿云践
孙松楠
冯书勋
赵惠玲
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Zhejiang Zhihai Chemical Equipment Engineering Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/08—Separating gaseous impurities from gases or gaseous mixtures or from liquefied gases or liquefied gaseous mixtures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04896—Details of columns, e.g. internals, inlet/outlet devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

一种低温空气管带液进下塔的布管装置，它主要包括透平膨胀机后管道和主换热器后空气管道，透平膨胀机后管道和主换热器后空气管道的汇总管道为一下部呈底平偏心变径以及缩径的管道，该管道后面连接一段竖直管道，并在顶部相接有一段平置的同心变径管道，然后连接弯管垂直向下接入下塔的下部，形成一n型弯管的布管结构，它利于液体收集并输送到高点；它便于透平膨胀机设备布置，有效减小空分冷箱容积，增加整套空分装置的可靠性，极大减小了冷箱内管道漏液风险。

Description

一种低温空气管带液进下塔的布管装置
技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种低温空气管带液进下塔的布管装置，主要是对低温带液空气管线提升的技术改型，属于低温制冷设备技术领域。
背景技术
现代空分设备单套产能越来越大，流程形式丰富多样。其中，带液透平膨胀机的出现，极大提高了空分装置的能效和可靠性，但是透平膨胀机后带液的空气出口管道，与主换热器空气管合并后的管道进下塔方式，成为制约冷箱布置、膨胀机布置和操作检修的一个至关因素。
目前，传统办法是把透平膨胀机整体抬高到下塔失效液位以上，膨胀机出口管道与主换热器空气管道合并后倾斜向下至下塔，不仅增大了透平膨胀机一次设备安装成本，而且冷箱容积也大幅增加，后续的维护和检修也带来不便。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术存在的不足，而提供一种结构简单、安全可靠、合理高效，在能耗和投入均不增加的情况下，可有效平稳提升低温带液空气，能保持空分低能耗和安全平稳运行的低温空气管带液进下塔的布管装置。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来完成的：一种低温空气管带液进下塔的布管装置，它主要包括透平膨胀机后管道和主换热器后空气管道，透平膨胀机后管道和主换热器后空气管道的汇总管道为一下部呈底平偏心变径以及缩径的管道，该管道后面连接一段竖直管道，并在顶部相接有一段平置的同心变径管道，然后连接弯管垂直向下接入下塔的下部，形成一n型弯管的布管结构，它利于液体收集并输送到高点。
作为优选：所述的汇总管道为液体汇合段，它是在汇总管道的底面不变，上面向下呈偏心缩径形状，最后形成一缩径后的管道，该管道后面直连弯头后连接一段竖直管道后用于提升空气流速，夹带少量液体达到高点；所述的顶部相接有一段平置的同心变径管道，形成一扩径的管段，并使气液流体整型、稳流地通过弯管以及垂直下接管道进入相接的下塔下部。
本发明是在管系下部水平管道中采用底平偏心变径，使空气中的液体也能顺利的加速并到达管道高点；液体随气体流向，在局部加速，并平稳输送。
所述的水平管道需要稍稍做坡度，使整个管道低点保证在偏心变径后弯头处。
本发明在管系上部弯头后紧接同心变径，使空气流速回复正常，液体也能顺管底往后续流动，不会返回到竖直管道中，完成整个液体提升过程。同心变径的设置有利于空气流动整型，不会产生扰动，利于真个管系的稳定，防止管道疲劳受损，降低冷箱内管道漏液风险。
本发明主要用于带液透平膨胀机后管道，为避免抬高设备，降低建造和维护成本，减小冷箱容积而设计，适用于空分设备的冷箱及液化设备的冷箱等一切含有低温液体需要抬升高度的装置。
本发明具有结构简单、安全可靠、合理高效，在能耗和投入均不增加的情况下，可有效平稳提升膨胀机后低温液体，能保持空分的低能耗和安全平稳运行等特点。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明做详细的介绍：如图1所示，一种低温空气管带液进下塔的布管装置，它主要包括透平膨胀机后管道1和主换热器后空气管道2，透平膨胀机后管道1和主换热器后空气管道2的汇总管道3为一下部呈底平偏心变径以及缩径的管道，该管道后面连接一段竖直管道4，并在顶部相接有一段平置的同心变径管道5，然后连接弯管6并通过垂直向下连接管7接入下塔8的下部，形成一n型弯管的布管结构。
图中所示，所述的汇总管道3为液体汇合段，它是在汇总管道3的底面不变，上面向下呈偏心缩径形状，最后形成一缩径后的管道，该管道后直连弯头9并在后面连接一段竖直管道4后用于提升空气流速，夹带少量液体达到高点；所述的顶部相接有一段平置的同心变径管道5，形成一扩径的管段，并使气液流体整型、稳流地通过弯管6以及垂直下接连接管7进入相接的下塔8下部。
上述三个阶段和管系布置方案共同组成了空气管带液进下塔的提升装置。
实施例：本发明主要包括一段透平膨胀机后管道1和主换热器后空气管道2在汇总管道3集中、汇总管道3下部的底平偏心变径10、缩径后竖直管道4和顶部的同心变径12；布管整体做n型弯。具体实施中，严格要求空气加速管道流速远大于气体正常管道流速，使气液两相流体能平稳、高效的流动到高点。
所述的缩径后竖直管道4必须比前后正常管段小两档左右，例如透平膨胀机后管道和主换热器后空气管道汇总管道为DN800，加速段竖直管道必须DN600，才能有效加速流体并提升液体。但是，加速段竖直管道又不能过小，如果变径过大，底部的偏心变径就无法加工，而且流速过大也影响管道的稳定和工况的平衡。
在某些极端的情况下，比如空分突然失电停机，整个主塔液体都会瞬间跌落到下塔底部，造成局部液泛。如果液体倒流到透平膨胀机内，会使机器内转子瞬间打坏、飞车，造成严重的安全事故。此发明中的管道U型布置，能有效防止此类事故发生，保证透平膨胀机的可靠、安全运行。

Claims (2)

1.一种低温空气管带液进下塔的布管装置，它主要包括透平膨胀机后管道和主换热器后空气管道，其特征在于：透平膨胀机后管道和主换热器后空气管道的汇总管道为一下部呈底平偏心变径以及缩径的管道，该管道后面连接一段竖直管道，并在顶部相接有一段平置的同心变径管道，然后连接弯管垂直向下接入下塔的下部，形成一n型弯管的布管结构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低温空气管带液进下塔的布管装置，其特征在于：所述的汇总管道为液体汇合段，它是在汇总管道的底面不变，上面向下呈偏心缩径形状，最后形成一缩径后的管道，该管道后直连弯头并在后面连接一段竖直管道后用于提升空气流速，夹带少量液体达到高点；所述的顶部相接有一段平置的同心变径管道，形成一扩径的管段，并使气液流体整型、稳流地通过弯管以及垂直下接管道进入相接的下塔下部。
CN201810509375.9A 2018-05-24 2018-05-24 一种低温空气管带液进下塔的布管装置 Pending CN108548374A (zh)

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