CN108546081A - A kind of method for cooking of enamel painting on porcelain - Google Patents
A kind of method for cooking of enamel painting on porcelain Download PDFInfo
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- CN108546081A CN108546081A CN201810393243.4A CN201810393243A CN108546081A CN 108546081 A CN108546081 A CN 108546081A CN 201810393243 A CN201810393243 A CN 201810393243A CN 108546081 A CN108546081 A CN 108546081A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44D—PAINTING OR ARTISTIC DRAWING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PRESERVING PAINTINGS; SURFACE TREATMENT TO OBTAIN SPECIAL ARTISTIC SURFACE EFFECTS OR FINISHES
- B44D2/00—Special techniques in artistic painting or drawing, e.g. oil painting, water painting, pastel painting, relief painting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/24—Manufacture of porcelain or white ware
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/32—Burning methods
- C04B33/34—Burning methods combined with glazing
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for cooking of enamel painting on porcelain, method and step includes：It selects pure kaolin-preparation element tire high-temperature glaze-enamel color painting ready-mixed oil-preparation enamel pigment-to be reconciled according to the pigment of different color, different temperatures, different hardness and carries out colored drawing-according to varying environment, Different climate to being fired in the case of the assurance of temperature, time.A kind of method for cooking of enamel painting on porcelain of the invention has color beautiful, gentle as beautiful, and flower has dewdrop, and butterfly villous, thin such as ovum curtain, the seal character of calligraphy pattern is carefully as tiny.Picture is soft, feature true to nature, being close to nature.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of ceramic material, and in particular to a kind of method for cooking of enamel painting on porcelain.
Background technology
The 15th century causes palace of the Qing Dynasty art work producer's by missionary by the incoming China of west " painted enamel " art work
Great interest.Especially Italian Jesuit youth's generation rather comes China, and the palace of the Qing Dynasty is promoted to start
The development of " enamel painting on porcelain ".Kangxu 32 years, it is ad hoc in the Forbidden City " enamel work ".Kangxu 55 years,
Burn out the palace of the Qing Dynasty " enamel painting on porcelain "-colour enamels porcelain.Enamel painting on porcelain magnificent mansion, achieves overnight success.It indicates China's pottery
The new art form of porcelain art history the next item up occurs, and is one of the serious achievement of Qing Dynasty's imperial palace ceramic art.To Yongzheng court, by porcelain
Painted enamel is developed, and the unexistent enamel glaze colours of a variety of foreign countries is developed, using jade-like stone profit such as beautiful thin tire ceramic whiteware, picture enamel
Thinkling sound's method is pushed to collect poem, book, picture, four exhausted polytechnic art fine work of print.Therefore, the development of the enamel painting on porcelain of Yongzheng court, has reached
Ceramic art it is ultimate attainment.And Emperor Qianlong collects its great achievement, burn out meticulously make something perfect even more perfect enamel painting on porcelain then become look down upon the world it
Make.The palace of the Qing Dynasty three is exquisite beyond compare towards enamel painting on porcelain product, and especially towards the enamel painting on porcelain of firing, quantity is few by Yongzheng, Qianrong
It is extremely precious.Importantly, the making of enamel painting on porcelain, in addition to plain tire, colored drawing, secondary firing are complete in inner chambers in an imperial palace's " enamel work "
At the deep palace prohibitions garden stranger in secret Tibetan is unknown.Palace of the Qing Dynasty enamel painting on porcelain opens the outstanding drawing of Chinese and western and Western Culture in
The gate that the high-quality porcelain body glaze of China is combined.In Qianrong's late period, Qing Dynasty's national power decline, international politics corruption, financial resources are not good, about in Qianrong
53 years, the palace of the Qing Dynasty " enamel work " eliminated the firing of enamel painting on porcelain.Since enamel painting on porcelain method is complicated, skill extremely,
It in utero produces, close not unofficial biography, method flow, technical data etc. do not leave any trace, have no way of investigating both at home and abroad.Its
Once there are more people to copy afterwards, not successfully.The method for cooking of the palace of the Qing Dynasty " enamel painting on porcelain " porcelain of illustrious three court disappeares with regard to this, so far
More than 200 year.
Therefore, the process of enamel painting on porcelain has important research value, it has opened imperial palace porcelain body and has drawn enamel
The Mysterious Veil of thinkling sound " extremely " method, allows common people more to understand the imperial palace art work, also more collectors can be allowed to possess
Originally there was only the art piece that imperial family exclusively enjoys.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of method for cooking of enamel painting on porcelain, solve the above problem.
The present invention solves technical problem and adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of method for cooking of enamel painting on porcelain, including：
A：Select pure kaolin；
B：White tire is fired
White tire tread glaze water is made as raw material, and is diluted with water using quartz, feldspar, borax, clay, is coated in porcelain surface,
It has been fired into glassy lustre, the temperature between 600 DEG C -1420 DEG C can be born, and can bear repeatedly to fire repeatedly into kiln white
Tire；
C：Toning
By pure natural coloring earth and pigment ready-mixed oil according to 10:1 ratio is reconciled, wherein the pure natural mine
For object pigment hardness between 10 degree of 7 degree-Mo Shi of Mo Shi, fineness of grind uses 50% frankincense oil, 20% turpentine more than 500 mesh
Oil, 10% castor oil, 10% Chinese mugwort oil, 10% active material are distilled through high temperature distillation by 100 grams of distillation to ready-mixed oils at 50 grams
Success, by pure natural coloring earth and pigment ready-mixed oil according to 10:1 ratio is reconciled, first with pigment knife by face when reconciliation
Material is pressed repeatedly with ready-mixed oil, and pigment is made to fully absorb oil, and the ratio of pigment and oil will be accurate to 10:1；
D：It is converged on glaze color
(1) lines are burnt
1. rough sketch lines are drawn；
2. lines drawn after dry in the shade naturally, fine day temperature on average between 19 DEG C -30 DEG C, average air it is relatively wet
Under conditions of 50%-80%, rainy day relative air humidity 60%-90%, fine day dries in the shade needs 2-4 hours degree, and the rainy day is cloudy
It is dry to need 6-8 hours, and in temperature on average between 4 DEG C-17 DEG C, fine day average air relative humidity 40%-70%, rain
Under conditions of its relative air humidity 60%-80%, fine day dries in the shade needs 1-3 hours, and the rainy day dries in the shade needs 2-4 hours；
3. kiln-firing step
A, setting：The porcelain for lines of having painted is put into kiln, the position of placement should be the centre position of kiln, as fired
Porcelain negligible amounts should use other porcelain to fill up vacancy in kiln, make kiln temperature heat balance in heating and cooling；
B, it heats up：Burning the temperature of lines should control at 850 DEG C, and entire temperature-rise period is 5-6 hours, in temperature-rise period before
Phase heating rate should be slowly reached 150 DEG C, so that oil and moisture in pigment is steadily evaporated, mid-term heating rate is fast, makes porcelain
Device bulk temperature is rapidly reached 650 DEG C, and later stage heating is slowly reached 850 DEG C, and jewel pigment melts completely, make its coefficient of expansion with
The coefficient of expansion of ceramic glaze water is close, and entire temperature-rise period is slow-fast-slow；
C, cool down：When temperature reaches scheduled 850 DEG C, stops heating, make its Temperature fall, the time root entirely to cool down
Different according to the difference in season, summer and autumn are 15 hours a length of when cooling down, and winter-spring season is 7-10 hours, entire slow
Jewel pigment and the coefficient of expansion of ceramic glaze water are close in temperature-fall period, to merge completely；
(2) colored drawing is fired
1. color background color；
2. drying in the shade naturally after background color colored drawing, when fine day temperature on average is between 19 DEG C -30 DEG C, average air is opposite
Under conditions of humidity 50%-80%, rainy day relative air humidity 60%-90%, fine day dries in the shade needs 48-72 hours, the rainy day
The needs 60-84 that dry in the shade are small, and when fine day temperature on average between 4 DEG C-17 DEG C, average air relative humidity 40%-70%,
Under conditions of rainy day relative air humidity 60%-80%, fine day dries in the shade needs 36-48 hours, and the rainy day dries in the shade needs 72-96
Hour；
3. kiln-firing step
A, setting：The porcelain of the good background color of colored drawing is put into kiln, the position of placement should be the centre position of kiln, as fired
Porcelain negligible amounts should use other porcelain to fill up vacancy in kiln, make kiln temperature heat balance in heating and cooling；
B, it heats up：Burning the temperature of lines should control at 800 DEG C, and entire temperature-rise period is 4-5 hours, in temperature-rise period before
Phase heating rate should be slowly reached 150 DEG C, so that oil and moisture in pigment is steadily evaporated, mid-term heating rate is fast, makes porcelain
Device bulk temperature is rapidly reached 600 DEG C, and later stage heating is slowly reached 800 DEG C, and jewel pigment melts completely, make its coefficient of expansion with
The coefficient of expansion of ceramic glaze water is close, and entire temperature-rise period is slow-fast-slow；
C, cool down：When temperature reaches scheduled 800 DEG C, cut off kiln power supply, make its Temperature fall, entirely cool down when
Between it is different according to the difference in season, summer and autumn are 14 hours a length of when cooling down, and winter-spring season is 7-9 hours, it is entire slowly
Temperature-fall period in jewel pigment and ceramic glaze water the coefficient of expansion it is close, to merge completely；
(3) chromatography is fired,
1. chromatography；
2. drying in the shade naturally after chromatography, when fine day temperature on average is between 19 DEG C -30 DEG C, average air relative humidity
50%-80%, under conditions of rainy day relative air humidity 60%-90%, fine day dries in the shade needs 48-72 hours, and the rainy day dries in the shade
60-84 hours are needed, and when temperature on average is between 4 DEG C-17 DEG C, fine day average air relative humidity 40%-70%, rain
Under conditions of its relative air humidity 60%-80%, fine day dries in the shade needs 36-48 hours, and the rainy day needs 72-96 that dry in the shade are small
When；
3. kiln-firing step
A, setting：The porcelain that chromatography finishes is put into kiln, the position of placement should be the centre position of kiln, the porcelain such as fired
Device negligible amounts should use other porcelain to fill up vacancy in kiln, make kiln temperature heat balance in heating and cooling；
B, it heats up：Burning the temperature of lines should control at 760 DEG C, and entire temperature-rise period is 4-5 hours, in temperature-rise period before
Phase heating rate should be slowly reached 150 DEG C, so that oil and moisture in pigment is steadily evaporated, mid-term heating rate is fast, makes porcelain
Device bulk temperature is rapidly reached 560 DEG C, and later stage heating is slowly reached 760 DEG C, and jewel pigment melts completely, make its coefficient of expansion with
The coefficient of expansion of background color jewel pigment is close, and entire temperature-rise period is slow-fast-slow；
C, cool down：When temperature reaches scheduled 760 DEG C, cut off kiln power supply, make its Temperature fall, entirely cool down when
Between it is different according to the difference in season, summer and autumn are 14 hours a length of when cooling down, and winter-spring season is 7-9 hours, it is entire slowly
Temperature-fall period in jewel pigment and background color jewel pigment the coefficient of expansion it is close, to merge completely.
Optionally, according to the difference of colored drawing picture and the difference of the abundant degree of color, the number that chromatography is fired needs anti-
5-10 times multiple, the number of kiln-firing is more, then the temperature fired is lower, and the firing temperature of over-glaze decoration is controlled 600
Between DEG C -850 DEG C.
The present invention has the advantages that：
A kind of method for cooking of enamel painting on porcelain of the present invention has color beautiful, and gentle as beautiful, flower has dewdrop, butterfly to have
Villus, thin such as ovum curtain, the seal character of calligraphy pattern is carefully as tiny.Picture is soft, feature true to nature, being close to nature, is embodied in as follows
Method and step in：
First, prepare pure kaolin
It has been investigated that it is kaolin, kaolin high temperature resistant, only with pure to fire mine soil used in enamel painting on porcelain element tire
Kaolin fire, so that plain tire is generated the effect of " white as a jade ", it is just suitable directly to paint coloured silk on plain tire.Therefore, porcelain is fired
Painted enamel Pre-sintered porcelain body, what is used is all pure " kaolin " (very heavy to select one jin)；
Second, prepare plain tire " high-temperature glaze "
Tire tread glaze water is special high-temperature glaze in vain, and glaze water is using quartz, feldspar, borax, clay as object made of raw material
Matter is subject to water dilution, is coated in porcelain surface and fires；
Third configures enamel painting on porcelain pigment ready-mixed oil
The pigment ready-mixed oil that palace of the Qing Dynasty colour enamels uses is the Dorr door oil by zoroaster import, it is lost for many years, colour enamels
The porcelain body drawing of porcelain is its essence place, and when just starting drawing, enamel pigment cannot be attached on ceramic bottom glaze, be drawn by force
Some works, after firing color is voluntarily peeled off, and the imperial palace enamel color painting ready-mixed oil in the present invention is using various plants oil
Such as：Tea oil, camphor tree oil etc., through many experiments, the higher imperial palace enamel color painting ready-mixed oil of quality is developed in configuration in proportion, no
But it solves the problems, such as color development, also balances the coefficient of expansion of Ceramic glaze and enamel material, it is attached with Ceramic glaze to breach enamel material
Put forth effort problem, the colour enamels burnt out is more aobvious delicate and pretty, more beautiful than the colour enamels that the Qing Dynasty hands down by heredity；
4th, configuration non-toxic pigment, which reconciles, to be formulated
Enamel painting on porcelain porcelain is nontoxic, is compared through chemical examination, lead, arsenic, boric acid salt content in the enamel painting on porcelain pigment of the palace of the Qing Dynasty
Exceeded, the content of lead, arsenic, borate is far below international standard, the enamel painting on porcelain porcelain device of firing in enamel painting on porcelain pigment
Ware, various occasions can be safe to use；
5th, the firing of enamel painting on porcelain
Enamel painting on porcelain is fired, method, the height of technology are exquisite more complicated than firing other porcelain such as blue and white porcelain, powder enamel etc.
Several times, especially to temperature requirement higher, each fusing point is irregular between enamel pigment, a complete enamel painting on porcelain art
Product, must from high to low, and the white tire fired repeatedly can be completed.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow diagram of the method for cooking of enamel painting on porcelain of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is further elaborated with reference to embodiment and attached drawing.
Embodiment
A kind of method for cooking of enamel painting on porcelain is present embodiments provided, main method flow includes：
1, pure kaolin is selected：It is the basis for firing enamel painting on porcelain that mud refining, which fires plain tire, and the porcelain body of firing will reach
The effect of " white as a jade, sound such as single sonorous stone " makes its glaze that cannot all have a bit flaw by multiple high temp firing.According to different mines soil
Composition matched, break-in, filtering, inhale iron, it is aging, refine, in good mine soil refine can make enamel painting on porcelain element tire
The porcelain mud also only content of some thousandths of, is just " jin is taken in ton ", and kaolin screening therein and method of purification can be with
Pulp slurry is made in pulp grinder using 100g kaolin and 400mL water to be placed in smash, pulp slurry is placed in hydrocyclone and is carried out
Sand and grading are dropped, then pulp slurry is placed in high gradient magnetic separator and carries out magnetic separation, concentrate slurries are made, by concentrate slurries
It is placed in sink, the sulfuric acid of 0.5mol/L is added by the pH value adjustment of concentrate slurries to 4.5, the pulp slurry for mixing up pH value is turned
It moves in bleaching melon tank, reducing agent sodium dithionite is added and carries out bleaching, is then added into the pulp slurry after bleaching
Dispersant sodium metasilicate and pH value regulator ammonium hydroxide, clean pulp slurry, and activator is added to the pulp slurry cleaned
Calcium ion and collecting agent tall oil, aliphatic acid and petroleum sodium sulfonate are subsequently placed in high-shear impeller and are stirred precipitation, will
Precipitation is placed in suction filtration machine and is filtered, and the filter cake of filtering gained is washed 3 times, baking oven is subsequently placed in and is dried at 80 DEG C, will be dried
Filter cake, which is placed in calcining furnace at 700 DEG C, after dry calcines, then the filter cake after calcining is crushed to the kaolin after both being purified.
Kaolin whiteness after purifying after testing is 95.8, and impurity content is 0.7% in kaolin；Or by 200g kaolin with
800mL water, which is placed in smash, is made pulp slurry in pulp grinder, pulp slurry is placed in hydrocyclone and carries out drop sand and grading, then
Pulp slurry is placed in high gradient magnetic separator and carries out magnetic separation, concentrate slurries are made, concentrate slurries are placed in sink, is added
The pH value adjustment of concentrate slurries to 5 is transferred to the pulp slurry for mixing up pH value in bleaching melon tank, is added by the sulfuric acid of 0.5mol/L
Reducing agent sodium dithionite and sodium thiosulfate carry out bleaching, and dispersant silicic acid is added into the pulp slurry after bleaching
Sodium and pH value regulator sodium hydroxide, clean pulp slurry, and activator magnesium ion then is added to the pulp slurry cleaned
It with collecting agent alkyl hydroximic acid, is subsequently placed in high-shear impeller and is stirred precipitation, precipitation, which is placed in suction filtration machine, to be carried out
The filter cake of filtering gained is washed 4 times, is subsequently placed in baking oven and is dried at 90 DEG C, filter cake after drying is placed in calcining furnace by filter
It is calcined at 800 DEG C, then the filter cake after calcining is crushed to the kaolin after both being purified.Kaolin after purifying after testing
Whiteness is 97.2, and impurity content is 0.2% in kaolin.
2, white tire is fired：Due to the white tire that the construction method of enamel painting on porcelain need to be fired repeatedly, so white tire tread glaze water
It is special high-temperature glaze, glaze water is to be subject to water dilution using quartz, feldspar, borax, clay as substance made of raw material, be coated in porcelain
Device surface, has been fired into glassy lustre, can bear the temperature between 600 DEG C -1420 DEG C, and can bear repeatedly to burn repeatedly into kiln
The white tire of system, wherein being calculated according to mass fraction, the mass fraction of the silica flour used is 4-6 parts, the mass fraction of feldspar powder
Mass fraction for 4-6 parts, borax is 4-6 parts, 20-30 parts of clay.
3, it mixes colours：
A, all pure tcrude ores of pigment or gem processing, belong to natural colour system, are free of lead and arsenic.Molecular structure is most stable,
Resistance to oxidation, thousand colour-fast.Pure natural coloring earth hardness should be between 10 degree of 7 degree-Mo Shi of Mo Shi, and fineness of grind is in 500 mesh
More than；The pure natural jewel pigment of imperial palace enamel color painting ready-mixed oil reconciliation, is to fire enamel painting on porcelain colouring, chromatography, add color
Unique method gimmick can make its picture beautiful, soft, true to nature, be close to naturally, the colour painting of enamel painting on porcelain has concave-convex sense, be
Using being accumulated with many times after coloring earth upon mediation, colour enamels often fills out a color on porcelain body will once be entered kiln
It fires；
B, pigment ready-mixed oil：Use 50% frankincense oil, 20% turpentine oil, 10% castor oil, 10% Chinese mugwort oil, 10% active matter
Matter, through high temperature distillation, when by 100 grams of distillations to 50 grams, ready-mixed oil distills successfully.By pure natural coloring earth and pigment ready-mixed oil
According to 10:1 ratio is reconciled.First pigment is pressed repeatedly with ready-mixed oil with pigment knife when reconciliation, it is therefore an objective to make face
Material fully absorbs oil, and the ratio of pigment and oil will be accurate to 10:1, modulating the pigment come in this way will not be too dilute or too thick, face
When material is too dilute, the picture for painting out will appear stream shape, and when too thick, disconnected color phenomenon is will appear during drawing.Instantly section
Skill develops, and can the mesh number of gem grinding be reached 500 mesh or more, mesh number is higher, and the particle of jewel is thinner, by itself and natural plants
The ready-mixed oil of oil refining reconciles, and chroma-luminance, the transparency burnt out all considerably beyond the enamel color painting in Qing Dynasty's period, owns
The color quality of presentation is higher than palace of the Qing Dynasty colour enamels.
4, it is converged on glaze color
(1) lines are burnt
1. rough sketch lines are drawn
2. lines dry in the shade naturally after having drawn, it is therefore an objective to moisture natural evaporation in pigment is allowed, as moisture is not evaporated
Entirely, bubble is will appear when firing, works is made flaw occur, the time dried in the shade will be sentenced according to conditions such as specific season, weather
The length of disconnected time, for Jing Dezhen area summer and autumn two seasons temperature on average between 19 DEG C -30 DEG C, extreme weather can reach 40 DEG C
More than, fine day average air relative humidity is 50% -80%, and rainy day relative air humidity reaches 60% -90%, such
Under the conditions of, fine day dries in the shade needs 2-4 hours, and the rainy day dries in the shade needs 6-8 hours.Winter and spring temperature on average is at 4 DEG C -17 DEG C
Between, fine day average air relative humidity is 40% -70%, and rainy day relative air humidity reaches 60% -80%, such
Under the conditions of, fine day dries in the shade needs 1-3 hours, and the rainy day dries in the shade needs 2-4 hours.
3. kiln-firing step
A, setting：The porcelain for lines of having painted is put into kiln, the position of placement should be the centre position of kiln, as fired
Porcelain negligible amounts should use other porcelain to fill up vacancy in kiln, it is therefore an objective to keep kiln temperature heat in heating and cooling equal
Weighing apparatus.
B, it heats up：Burning the temperature of lines should control at 850 DEG C, and entire temperature-rise period is 5-6 hours, in temperature-rise period before
Phase heating rate should be slowly reached 150 DEG C, and oil and moisture in pigment is made steadily to evaporate；Mid-term heating rate is fast, makes porcelain
Device bulk temperature is rapidly reached 650 DEG C；Later stage heating is slowly reached 850 DEG C, and jewel pigment melts completely, make its coefficient of expansion with
The coefficient of expansion of ceramic glaze water is close.Entirely temperature-rise period is：Slowly-fast-slow.
C, cool down：When temperature reaches scheduled 850 DEG C, stops heating, make its Temperature fall, the time root entirely to cool down
Different according to the difference in season, summer and autumn are 15 hours a length of when cooling down；Winter-spring season is 7-10 hours, entire slow
Jewel pigment and the coefficient of expansion of ceramic glaze water are close in temperature-fall period, to merge completely.
(2) colored drawing is fired
1. color background color
2. drying in the shade naturally after background color colored drawing, it is therefore an objective to moisture natural evaporation in pigment is allowed, as moisture does not evaporate
Completely, bubble is will appear when firing, is that works flaw occur, since the area of background color is bigger than the area of lines, dry in the shade when
Between the length of time should be judged according to conditions such as specific season, weather, summer and autumn two seasons temperature on average in Jing Dezhen area is 19
Between DEG C -30 DEG C, extreme weather can reach 40 DEG C or more, and for fine day average air relative humidity 50% -80%, the rainy day is empty
Gas relative humidity reaches 60%-90%, and in such a situa-tion, fine day dries in the shade needs 48-72 hours, and the rainy day dries in the shade needs
60-84 hours.Winter and spring temperature on average between 4 DEG C -17 DEG C, fine day average air relative humidity 40% -70%,
Rainy day relative air humidity reaches 60%-80%, and in such a situa-tion, fine day dries in the shade needs 36-48 hours, and the rainy day dries in the shade
Need 72-96 hours.
3. kiln-firing step
A, setting：The porcelain of the good background color of colored drawing is put into kiln, the position of placement should be the centre position of kiln, as fired
Porcelain negligible amounts should use other porcelain to fill up vacancy in kiln, it is therefore an objective to keep kiln temperature heat in heating and cooling equal
Weighing apparatus.
B, it heats up：Burning the temperature of lines should control at 800 DEG C, and entire temperature-rise period is 4-5 hours, in temperature-rise period before
Phase heating rate should be slowly reached 150 DEG C, and oil and moisture in pigment is made steadily to evaporate；Mid-term heating rate is fast, makes porcelain
Device bulk temperature is rapidly reached 600 DEG C；Later stage heating is slowly reached 800 DEG C, and jewel pigment melts completely, make its coefficient of expansion with
The coefficient of expansion of ceramic glaze water is close.Entirely temperature-rise period is：Slowly-fast-slow.
C, cool down：When temperature reaches scheduled 800 DEG C, cut off kiln power supply, make its Temperature fall, entirely cool down when
Between it is different according to the difference in season, summer and autumn cool down when it is 14 hours a length of；Winter-spring season is 7-9 hours, entire slow
Temperature-fall period in jewel pigment and ceramic glaze water the coefficient of expansion it is close, to merge completely.
(3) chromatography is fired
1. chromatography
2. drying in the shade naturally after chromatography, it is therefore an objective to allow moisture natural evaporation in pigment, if moisture do not evaporate it is complete,
It will appear bubble when firing, be that works flaw occur.Since the area of background color is bigger than the area of lines, the time dried in the shade answers root
The length of time is judged according to conditions such as specific season, weather, summer and autumn two seasons temperature on average in Jing Dezhen area is 19 DEG C -30
Between DEG C, extreme weather can reach 40 DEG C or more, and for fine day average air relative humidity 50% -80%, rainy day air is opposite
Humidity reaches 60%-90%, and in such a situa-tion, fine day dries in the shade needs 48-72 hours, and the rainy day needs 60-84 that dry in the shade are small
When.Winter and spring temperature on average is between 4 DEG C -17 DEG C, and fine day average air relative humidity is 40% -70%, rainy day air
Relative humidity reaches 60%-80%, and in such a situa-tion, fine day dries in the shade needs 36-48 hours, and the rainy day dries in the shade needs 72-
96 hours.
3. kiln-firing step
A, setting：The porcelain that chromatography finishes is put into kiln, the position of placement should be the centre position of kiln, the porcelain such as fired
Device negligible amounts should use other porcelain to fill up vacancy in kiln, it is therefore an objective to make kiln temperature heat balance in heating and cooling.
B, it heats up：Burning the temperature of lines should control at 760 DEG C, and entire temperature-rise period is 4-5 hours, in temperature-rise period before
Phase heating rate should be slowly reached 150 DEG C, and oil and moisture in pigment is made steadily to evaporate；Mid-term heating rate is fast, makes porcelain
Device bulk temperature is rapidly reached 560 DEG C；Later stage heating is slowly reached 760 DEG C, and jewel pigment melts completely, make its coefficient of expansion with
The coefficient of expansion of background color jewel pigment is close.Entirely temperature-rise period is：Slowly-fast-slow.
C, cool down：When temperature reaches scheduled 760 DEG C, cut off kiln power supply, make its Temperature fall, entirely cool down when
Between it is different according to the difference in season, summer and autumn cool down when it is 14 hours a length of；Winter-spring season is 7-9 hours, entire slow
Temperature-fall period in jewel pigment and background color jewel pigment the coefficient of expansion it is close, to merge completely, wherein according to colored paintings
The number of the difference of the difference in face and the abundant degree of color, chromatography colored drawing-firing is also different, it usually needs repeatedly 5-8
It is as many as secondary, it can reach under individual cases 10 times, the number of kiln-firing is more, then the temperature fired is lower, usual over-glaze decoration
Firing temperature control between 600 DEG C -850 DEG C.
There is a proverb in Jing Dezhen, receives and distributes 72, can grow up to be a useful person, this 72 procedure is for enamel painting on porcelain porcelain
Just arrive the degree of firing element.In sintering procedure, so that the coefficient of expansion of oil, pigment, porcelain glaze is fitted like a glove, could succeed
Fire a works, therefore every colour enamels fires successfully will by 167 or more method flow.
The sequencing of above example is only for ease of description, can not represent the quality of embodiment.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：It still may be used
With technical scheme described in the above embodiments is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；
And these modifications or replacements, various embodiments of the present invention technical solution that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit and
Range.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method for cooking of enamel painting on porcelain, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps：
A：Select pure kaolin；
B：White tire is fired
White tire tread glaze water is made as raw material, and is diluted with water using quartz, feldspar, borax, clay, is coated in porcelain surface, fires
At there is glassy lustre, the temperature between 600 DEG C -1420 DEG C can be born, and the white tire repeatedly fired repeatedly into kiln can be born；
C：Toning
By pure natural coloring earth and pigment ready-mixed oil according to 10:1 ratio is reconciled, wherein the pure natural mineral face
For the hardness of material between 10 degree of 7 degree-Mo Shi of Mo Shi, fineness of grind uses 50% frankincense oil, 20% turpentine more than 500 mesh
Oil, 10% castor oil, 10% Chinese mugwort oil, 10% active material are distilled through high temperature distillation by 100 grams of distillation to ready-mixed oils at 50 grams
Success, by pure natural coloring earth and pigment ready-mixed oil according to 10:1 ratio is reconciled, first with pigment knife by face when reconciliation
Material is pressed repeatedly with ready-mixed oil, and pigment is made to fully absorb oil, and the ratio of pigment and oil will be accurate to 10:1；
D：It is converged on glaze color
(1) lines are burnt
1. rough sketch lines are drawn；
2. lines dry in the shade naturally after having drawn, fine day temperature on average between 19 DEG C -30 DEG C, average air relative humidity exists
50%-80%, under conditions of rainy day relative air humidity 60%-90%, fine day dries in the shade needs 2-4 hours, and the rainy day, which dries in the shade, to be needed
6-8 hours are wanted, and in temperature on average between 4 DEG C-17 DEG C, fine day average air relative humidity 40%-70%, rainy day sky
Under conditions of gas relative humidity 60%-80%, fine day dries in the shade needs 1-3 hours, and the rainy day dries in the shade needs 2-4 hours；
3. kiln-firing step
A, setting：The porcelain for lines of having painted is put into kiln, the position of placement should be the centre position of kiln, the porcelain such as fired
Negligible amounts should use other porcelain to fill up vacancy in kiln, make kiln temperature heat balance in heating and cooling；
B, it heats up：Burning the temperature of lines should control at 850 DEG C, and entire temperature-rise period is 5-6 hours, temperature-rise period mid-early stage liter
Warm speed should be slowly reached 150 DEG C, and oil and moisture in pigment is made steadily to evaporate, and mid-term heating rate is fast, keeps porcelain whole
Temperature is rapidly reached 650 DEG C, and later stage heating is slowly reached 850 DEG C, and jewel pigment melts completely, makes its coefficient of expansion and ceramics
The coefficient of expansion of glaze water is close, and entire temperature-rise period is slow-fast-slow；
C, cool down：When temperature reaches scheduled 850 DEG C, stops heating, make its Temperature fall, the time entirely to cool down is according to season
The difference of section and it is different, summer and autumn are 15 hours a length of when cooling down, and winter-spring season is 7-10 hours, in entire slowly cooling
Jewel pigment and the coefficient of expansion of ceramic glaze water are close in the process, to merge completely；
(2) colored drawing is fired
1. color background color；
2. drying in the shade naturally after background color colored drawing, when fine day temperature on average is between 19 DEG C -30 DEG C, average air relative humidity
50%-80%, under conditions of rainy day relative air humidity 60%-90%, fine day dries in the shade needs 48-72 hours, and the rainy day dries in the shade
Need it is 60-84 small, and when fine day temperature on average between 4 DEG C-17 DEG C, average air relative humidity 40%-70%, the rainy day
Under conditions of relative air humidity 60%-80%, fine day dries in the shade needs 36-48 hours, and the rainy day dries in the shade needs 72-96 hours；
3. kiln-firing step
A, setting：The porcelain of the good background color of colored drawing is put into kiln, the position of placement should be the centre position of kiln, the porcelain such as fired
Negligible amounts should use other porcelain to fill up vacancy in kiln, make kiln temperature heat balance in heating and cooling；
B, it heats up：Burning the temperature of lines should control at 800 DEG C, and entire temperature-rise period is 4-5 hours, temperature-rise period mid-early stage liter
Warm speed should be slowly reached 150 DEG C, and oil and moisture in pigment is made steadily to evaporate, and mid-term heating rate is fast, keeps porcelain whole
Temperature is rapidly reached 600 DEG C, and later stage heating is slowly reached 800 DEG C, and jewel pigment melts completely, makes its coefficient of expansion and ceramics
The coefficient of expansion of glaze water is close, and entire temperature-rise period is slow-fast-slow；
C, cool down：When temperature reaches scheduled 800 DEG C, kiln power supply is cut off, makes its Temperature fall, the time root entirely to cool down
Different according to the difference in season, summer and autumn are 14 hours a length of when cooling down, and winter-spring season is 7-9 hours, in entire slowly drop
Jewel pigment and the coefficient of expansion of ceramic glaze water are close during temperature, to merge completely；
(3) chromatography is fired
1. chromatography；
2. drying in the shade naturally after chromatography, when fine day temperature on average is between 19 DEG C -30 DEG C, average air relative humidity
50%-80%, under conditions of rainy day relative air humidity 60%-90%, fine day dries in the shade needs 48-72 hours, and the rainy day dries in the shade
60-84 hours are needed, and when temperature on average is between 4 DEG C-17 DEG C, fine day average air relative humidity 40%-70%, rain
Under conditions of its relative air humidity 60%-80%, fine day dries in the shade needs 36-48 hours, and the rainy day needs 72-96 that dry in the shade are small
When；
3. kiln-firing step
A, setting：The porcelain that chromatography finishes is put into kiln, the position of placement should be the centre position of kiln, the porcelain number such as fired
It measures less, other porcelain should be used to fill up vacancy in kiln, make kiln temperature heat balance in heating and cooling；
B, it heats up：Burning the temperature of lines should control at 760 DEG C, and entire temperature-rise period is 4-5 hours, temperature-rise period mid-early stage liter
Warm speed should be slowly reached 150 DEG C, and oil and moisture in pigment is made steadily to evaporate, and mid-term heating rate is fast, keeps porcelain whole
Temperature is rapidly reached 560 DEG C, and later stage heating is slowly reached 760 DEG C, and jewel pigment melts completely, makes its coefficient of expansion and background color
The coefficient of expansion of jewel pigment is close, and entire temperature-rise period is slow-fast-slow；
C, cool down：When temperature reaches scheduled 760 DEG C, kiln power supply is cut off, makes its Temperature fall, the time root entirely to cool down
Different according to the difference in season, summer and autumn are 14 hours a length of when cooling down, and winter-spring season is 7-9 hours, in entire slowly drop
Jewel pigment and the coefficient of expansion of background color jewel pigment are close during temperature, to merge completely.
2. a kind of method for cooking of enamel painting on porcelain according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Not according to colored drawing picture
The difference of same and color abundant degree, for the number that the chromatography is fired between 5-10 times, the number of kiln-firing is more,
The temperature then fired is lower, and the firing temperature of over-glaze decoration controls between 600 DEG C -850 DEG C.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109770492A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-05-21 | 深圳市中宝盈珠宝科技有限公司 | A kind of material painted enamel color jewelry processing technology |
| CN109997578A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-12 | 杭州德问贸易有限公司 | A kind of high viscous tree whitening agent of environmental protection |
| CN110963786A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-04-07 | 福建省德化县山花陶瓷有限公司 | Colored art porcelain based on Dehua white porcelain body and preparation process thereof |
| CN111302628A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-06-19 | 范平 | Cold-color jade-like crystal paste for ceramic jade bead colored drawing and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111334089A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-06-26 | 杨学棒 | Weathering ceramic paint pigment containing meteorite mineral and using method thereof |
| CN112194911A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2021-01-08 | 谌国星 | Novel color aluminum tube pigment on ceramic glaze and preparation method thereof |
| CN113773118A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-10 | 禹州市天禧钧窑文化传播有限公司 | Jun porcelain overglaze color painting process |
| CN113929494A (en) * | 2021-11-20 | 2022-01-14 | 深圳市雀灵缘饰品创意设计中心 | Preparation method of enamel |
| CN117756506A (en) * | 2023-12-25 | 2024-03-26 | 江苏第二师范学院 | Manufacturing method of 95 porcelain body painted enamel |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109770492A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-05-21 | 深圳市中宝盈珠宝科技有限公司 | A kind of material painted enamel color jewelry processing technology |
| CN109997578A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-12 | 杭州德问贸易有限公司 | A kind of high viscous tree whitening agent of environmental protection |
| CN112194911A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2021-01-08 | 谌国星 | Novel color aluminum tube pigment on ceramic glaze and preparation method thereof |
| CN110963786A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-04-07 | 福建省德化县山花陶瓷有限公司 | Colored art porcelain based on Dehua white porcelain body and preparation process thereof |
| CN111334089A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-06-26 | 杨学棒 | Weathering ceramic paint pigment containing meteorite mineral and using method thereof |
| CN111302628A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-06-19 | 范平 | Cold-color jade-like crystal paste for ceramic jade bead colored drawing and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113773118A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-10 | 禹州市天禧钧窑文化传播有限公司 | Jun porcelain overglaze color painting process |
| CN113929494A (en) * | 2021-11-20 | 2022-01-14 | 深圳市雀灵缘饰品创意设计中心 | Preparation method of enamel |
| CN117756506A (en) * | 2023-12-25 | 2024-03-26 | 江苏第二师范学院 | Manufacturing method of 95 porcelain body painted enamel |
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