CN108520949B - Graphene composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Graphene composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN108520949B
CN108520949B CN201810325447.4A CN201810325447A CN108520949B CN 108520949 B CN108520949 B CN 108520949B CN 201810325447 A CN201810325447 A CN 201810325447A CN 108520949 B CN108520949 B CN 108520949B
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lithium carbonate
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赵立春
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Hebei Rundong Polyphenyl Inspection And Testing Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362Composites
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/15Nano-sized carbon materials
    • C01B32/182Graphene
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/583Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/624Electric conductive fillers
    • H01M4/625Carbon or graphite
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses a graphene composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the graphene composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-16 parts of graphene oxide, 3-5 parts of vanadium pentoxide, 1.6-2.5 parts of potassium permanganate, 6-8 parts of tartaric acid, 2.5-4.5 parts of lithium carbonate, 3.6-5 parts of urea, 2-4 parts of glucose, 4-6 parts of vinyl acetate, 5-9 parts of aluminum oxide and 4-8 parts of hyacinth. The raw materials of the invention have wide sources, and the finished product prepared by adopting different raw materials and adopting different preparation processes under the synergistic effect of various raw materials has good specific capacity and cycle performance, thereby meeting the use requirement of the lithium ion battery.

Description

Graphene composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of graphene, in particular to a graphene composite material.
Background
Graphene is a carbonaceous material with a single-layer two-dimensional honeycomb lattice structure formed by closely packing sp2 hybridized carbon atoms, is a basic unit for forming other graphite materials, has a shape similar to a thin paper sheet structure, has a single-layer thickness of only 0.335nm, is the thinnest two-dimensional material found in the world at present, has excellent comprehensive performance, has the theoretical strength of 125GPa and is 100 times stronger than that of steel, has the elastic modulus of 1.0TPa which can be comparable with that of a carbon nano tube, has the thermal conductivity of 5300W/(m.K) and is superior to metal materials such as silver, and has the electron mobility of 2 × 105cm2V · s, conductivity exceeds that of any high-temperature superconducting material at present, and also has properties such as room-temperature quantum hall effect. Therefore, graphene is often used as an ideal filler to replace other carbon nanofillers (carbon black, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers and the like) to prepare a high-conductivity and high-toughness polymer-based composite material, and has a wide prospect in high-performance and high-function applications such as solar cells, supercapacitors, sensors, biomaterials, electromagnetic shielding and the like.
However, the surface of the graphene material prepared at present has a large number of defects, and the specific capacity and the cycle performance are poor, so that the use of the graphene material in the field of batteries is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a graphene composite material to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the graphene composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-16 parts of graphene oxide, 3-5 parts of vanadium pentoxide, 1.6-2.5 parts of potassium permanganate, 6-8 parts of tartaric acid, 2.5-4.5 parts of lithium carbonate, 3.6-5 parts of urea, 2-4 parts of glucose, 4-6 parts of vinyl acetate, 5-9 parts of aluminum oxide and 4-8 parts of hyacinth.
As a further scheme of the invention: the graphene composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12-16 parts of graphene oxide, 3.8-5 parts of vanadium pentoxide, 2-2.5 parts of potassium permanganate, 6.6-8 parts of tartaric acid, 3.3-4.5 parts of lithium carbonate, 4.2-5 parts of urea, 2.5-4 parts of glucose, 4.9-6 parts of vinyl acetate, 7-9 parts of aluminum oxide and 5.5-8 parts of hyacinth.
As a further scheme of the invention: the graphene composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 14.5 parts of graphene oxide, 4.5 parts of vanadium pentoxide, 2.3 parts of potassium permanganate, 7.5 parts of tartaric acid, 4 parts of lithium carbonate, 4.7 parts of urea, 3.6 parts of glucose, 5.5 parts of vinyl acetate, 8.4 parts of alumina and 7 parts of hyacinth.
The preparation method of the graphene composite material comprises the following specific steps:
crushing hyacinth to 20-30 meshes, fermenting in a 30-45 ℃ fermentation tank for 60-80 minutes to obtain hyacinth fermentation liquor, and averagely dividing the hyacinth fermentation liquor into two parts;
adding graphene oxide, potassium permanganate and tartaric acid into an ethanol aqueous solution with the weight 2-3 times of the total weight, then placing the mixture in a constant temperature oscillator with the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for reaction for 4-5 hours, placing the product in a stainless steel reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, adding a part of hyacinth fermentation liquor into the reaction kettle, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction at the temperature of 145-165 ℃ for 15-20 hours to obtain a first mixture;
step three, ball-milling vanadium pentoxide, vinyl acetate and alumina in a ball mill with a ball-to-material ratio of 45-60:1 to obtain a second mixture, wherein the ball-to-material ratio is 100-120 meshes;
step four, crushing the lithium carbonate to 50-60 meshes, adding the crushed lithium carbonate into another part of hyacinth fermentation liquor, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30-45 minutes to obtain a lithium carbonate suspension;
step five, adding the first mixture, the second mixture, the lithium carbonate suspension, urea and glucose into a reaction kettle, reacting at 60-80 ℃ for 30-50 minutes, and drying a reaction product at 70-80 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished product;
step six, heating the semi-finished product to 550-600 ℃ at the speed of 8-12 ℃ per minute in an inert atmosphere and preserving the heat for 90-130 minutes, then heating to 1680-1840 ℃ at the speed of 16-22 ℃ per minute and preserving the heat for 3-5 hours, and cooling the furnace to room temperature to obtain the finished product.
As a further scheme of the invention: the power of ultrasonic dispersion in the fourth step is 450-520W, and the power is 30-40 KHz.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the raw materials of the invention have wide sources, and the finished product prepared by adopting different raw materials and adopting different preparation processes under the synergistic effect of various raw materials has good specific capacity and cycle performance, thereby meeting the use requirement of the lithium ion battery.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present patent will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1
The graphene composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of graphene oxide, 3 parts of vanadium pentoxide, 1.6 parts of potassium permanganate, 6 parts of tartaric acid, 2.5 parts of lithium carbonate, 3.6 parts of urea, 2 parts of glucose, 4 parts of vinyl acetate, 5 parts of aluminum oxide and 4 parts of hyacinth.
The preparation method of the graphene composite material comprises the following specific steps:
crushing hyacinth to 20 meshes, fermenting in a fermentation tank at 36 ℃ for 70 minutes to obtain hyacinth fermentation liquor, and averagely dividing the hyacinth fermentation liquor into two parts;
adding graphene oxide, potassium permanganate and tartaric acid into an ethanol aqueous solution with the weight 2 times of the total weight, then placing the mixture in a constant temperature oscillator at 60 ℃ for reaction for 4 hours, placing the product in a stainless steel reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, adding one part of hyacinth fermentation liquor into the reaction kettle, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 155 ℃ for 18 hours to obtain a first mixture;
step three, ball-milling vanadium pentoxide, vinyl acetate and alumina to 100 meshes in a ball mill with a ball-to-material ratio of 50:1 to obtain a second mixture;
step four, crushing the lithium carbonate to 60 meshes, adding the crushed lithium carbonate into the other part of hyacinth fermentation liquor, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 36 minutes to obtain a lithium carbonate suspension;
step five, adding the first mixture, the second mixture, the lithium carbonate suspension, urea and glucose into a reaction kettle, reacting for 44 minutes at 75 ℃, and drying a reaction product at 75 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished product;
and step six, heating the semi-finished product to 580 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃ per minute in an inert atmosphere, preserving heat for 115 minutes, heating to 1760 ℃ at the speed of 18 ℃ per minute, preserving heat for 4 hours, and cooling in a furnace to room temperature to obtain the finished product.
Example 2
The graphene composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of graphene oxide, 3.8 parts of vanadium pentoxide, 2 parts of potassium permanganate, 6.6 parts of tartaric acid, 3.3 parts of lithium carbonate, 4.2 parts of urea, 2.5 parts of glucose, 4.9 parts of vinyl acetate, 7 parts of alumina and 5.5 parts of hyacinth.
The preparation method of the graphene composite material comprises the following specific steps:
crushing hyacinth to 30 meshes, fermenting in a fermentation tank at 35 ℃ for 66 minutes to obtain hyacinth fermentation liquor, and averagely dividing the hyacinth fermentation liquor into two parts;
adding graphene oxide, potassium permanganate and tartaric acid into an ethanol aqueous solution with the weight being 3 times of the total weight, then placing the mixture in a constant-temperature oscillator with the temperature being 72 ℃ for reaction for 4 hours, placing the product in a stainless steel reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, adding one part of hyacinth fermentation liquor into the reaction kettle, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction at the temperature being 150 ℃ for 18 hours to obtain a first mixture;
step three, ball-milling vanadium pentoxide, vinyl acetate and alumina to 100 meshes in a ball mill with a ball-to-material ratio of 56:1 to obtain a second mixture;
step four, crushing the lithium carbonate to 60 meshes, adding the crushed lithium carbonate into the other part of hyacinth fermentation liquor, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 42 minutes, wherein the power of the ultrasonic dispersion is 480W, and the power is 36KHz, so as to obtain a lithium carbonate suspension;
step five, adding the first mixture, the second mixture, the lithium carbonate suspension, the urea and the glucose into a reaction kettle, reacting for 45 minutes at 72 ℃, and drying a reaction product at 78 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished product;
and step six, heating the semi-finished product to 570 ℃ at the speed of 9 ℃ per minute in an inert atmosphere, preserving heat for 120 minutes, heating to 1820 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃ per minute, preserving heat for 4 hours, and cooling in a furnace to room temperature to obtain the finished product.
Example 3
The graphene composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 14.5 parts of graphene oxide, 4.5 parts of vanadium pentoxide, 2.3 parts of potassium permanganate, 7.5 parts of tartaric acid, 4 parts of lithium carbonate, 4.7 parts of urea, 3.6 parts of glucose, 5.5 parts of vinyl acetate, 8.4 parts of alumina and 7 parts of hyacinth.
The preparation method of the graphene composite material comprises the following specific steps:
crushing hyacinth to 25 meshes, fermenting in a fermentation tank at 38 ℃ for 77 minutes to obtain hyacinth fermentation liquor, and averagely dividing the hyacinth fermentation liquor into two parts;
adding graphene oxide, potassium permanganate and tartaric acid into an ethanol aqueous solution with the weight being 3 times of the total weight, then placing the mixture in a constant-temperature oscillator with the temperature being 75 ℃ for reaction for 4 hours, placing the product in a stainless steel reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, adding one part of hyacinth fermentation liquor into the reaction kettle, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction at the temperature being 162 ℃ for 18 hours to obtain a first mixture;
step three, ball-milling vanadium pentoxide, vinyl acetate and alumina to 120 meshes in a ball mill with a ball-to-material ratio of 54:1 to obtain a second mixture;
step four, crushing the lithium carbonate to 50 meshes, adding the crushed lithium carbonate into the other part of hyacinth fermentation liquor, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 38 minutes to obtain a lithium carbonate suspension;
step five, adding the first mixture, the second mixture, the lithium carbonate suspension, the urea and the glucose into a reaction kettle, reacting for 44 minutes at 68 ℃, and drying a reaction product at 75 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished product;
and step six, heating the semi-finished product to 580 ℃ at the speed of 11 ℃ per minute in an inert atmosphere, preserving heat for 130 minutes, heating to 1730 ℃ at the speed of 21 ℃ per minute, preserving heat for 4 hours, and cooling in a furnace to room temperature to obtain the finished product.
Example 4
The graphene composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16 parts of graphene oxide, 5 parts of vanadium pentoxide, 2.5 parts of potassium permanganate, 8 parts of tartaric acid, 4.5 parts of lithium carbonate, 5 parts of urea, 4 parts of glucose, 6 parts of vinyl acetate, 9 parts of aluminum oxide and 8 parts of hyacinth.
The preparation method of the graphene composite material comprises the following specific steps:
crushing hyacinth to 30 meshes, fermenting in a fermentation tank at 42 ℃ for 75 minutes to obtain hyacinth fermentation liquor, and averagely dividing the hyacinth fermentation liquor into two parts;
adding graphene oxide, potassium permanganate and tartaric acid into an ethanol aqueous solution with the weight 2 times that of the total weight, then placing the mixture in a constant-temperature oscillator with the temperature of 75 ℃ for reaction for 4.5 hours, placing the product in a stainless steel reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, adding one part of hyacinth fermentation liquor into the reaction kettle, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction at the temperature of 154 ℃ for 18 hours to obtain a first mixture;
step three, ball-milling vanadium pentoxide, vinyl acetate and alumina to 110 meshes in a ball mill with a ball-to-material ratio of 60:1 to obtain a second mixture;
step four, crushing the lithium carbonate to 50 meshes, adding the crushed lithium carbonate into the other part of hyacinth fermentation liquor, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 40 minutes, wherein the power of the ultrasonic dispersion is 480W, and the power is 37KHz to obtain a lithium carbonate suspension;
step five, adding the first mixture, the second mixture, the lithium carbonate suspension, the urea and the glucose into a reaction kettle, reacting for 42 minutes at 80 ℃, and drying a reaction product at 74 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished product;
and step six, heating the semi-finished product to 570 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃ per minute in an inert atmosphere, preserving heat for 120 minutes, heating to 1800 ℃ at the speed of 22 ℃ per minute, preserving heat for 4 hours, and cooling in a furnace to room temperature to obtain the finished product.
Comparative example 1
The raw materials and preparation method were the same as in example 2 except that no hyacinth was included.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 is a prior art product.
The products of examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2 were prepared into test cells according to the industry standard for lithium ion batteries, and the relevant electrochemical properties and stability properties were tested, and the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0001626433150000061
It can be seen from Table 1 that the products of examples 1-4 are superior to the products of comparative examples 1-2 in both specific capacity and cycling performance.
According to the product, hyacinth is fermented, graphene oxide reacts under acidic potassium permanganate and then undergoes hydrothermal reaction with hyacinth fermentation liquor, graphene is modified, lithium carbonate is modified in the hyacinth fermentation liquor, and finally various raw materials are mixed and sintered to form a conductive network, so that the paths of lithium ion charging and discharging are shortened, the electron conduction rate is increased, and the circulation stability and the conductivity of the material are enhanced.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (3)

1. The graphene composite material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-16 parts of graphene oxide, 3-5 parts of vanadium pentoxide, 1.6-2.5 parts of potassium permanganate, 6-8 parts of tartaric acid, 2.5-4.5 parts of lithium carbonate, 3.6-5 parts of urea, 2-4 parts of glucose, 4-6 parts of vinyl acetate, 5-9 parts of aluminum oxide and 4-8 parts of hyacinth, wherein the preparation method of the graphene composite material comprises the following specific steps:
crushing hyacinth to 20-30 meshes, fermenting in a 30-45 ℃ fermentation tank for 60-80 minutes to obtain hyacinth fermentation liquor, and averagely dividing the hyacinth fermentation liquor into two parts;
adding graphene oxide, potassium permanganate and tartaric acid into an ethanol aqueous solution with the weight 2-3 times of the total weight, then placing the mixture in a constant temperature oscillator with the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for reaction for 4-5 hours, placing the product in a stainless steel reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, adding a part of hyacinth fermentation liquor into the reaction kettle, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction at the temperature of 145-165 ℃ for 15-20 hours to obtain a first mixture;
step three, ball-milling vanadium pentoxide, vinyl acetate and alumina in a ball mill with a ball-to-material ratio of 45-60:1 to obtain a second mixture, wherein the ball-to-material ratio is 100-120 meshes;
step four, crushing the lithium carbonate to 50-60 meshes, adding the crushed lithium carbonate into another part of hyacinth fermentation liquor, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30-45 minutes to obtain a lithium carbonate suspension;
step five, adding the first mixture, the second mixture, the lithium carbonate suspension, urea and glucose into a reaction kettle, reacting at 60-80 ℃ for 30-50 minutes, and drying a reaction product at 70-80 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished product;
step six, heating the semi-finished product to 550-600 ℃ at the speed of 8-12 ℃ per minute in an inert atmosphere and preserving the heat for 90-130 minutes, then heating to 1680-1840 ℃ at the speed of 16-22 ℃ per minute and preserving the heat for 3-5 hours, and cooling the furnace to room temperature to obtain the finished product.
2. The graphene composite material according to claim 1, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12-16 parts of graphene oxide, 3.8-5 parts of vanadium pentoxide, 2-2.5 parts of potassium permanganate, 6.6-8 parts of tartaric acid, 3.3-4.5 parts of lithium carbonate, 4.2-5 parts of urea, 2.5-4 parts of glucose, 4.9-6 parts of vinyl acetate, 7-9 parts of aluminum oxide and 5.5-8 parts of hyacinth.
3. The graphene composite material according to claim 1, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 14.5 parts of graphene oxide, 4.5 parts of vanadium pentoxide, 2.3 parts of potassium permanganate, 7.5 parts of tartaric acid, 4 parts of lithium carbonate, 4.7 parts of urea, 3.6 parts of glucose, 5.5 parts of vinyl acetate, 8.4 parts of alumina and 7 parts of hyacinth.
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102185143A (en) * 2011-04-02 2011-09-14 浙江大学 Transition metal oxide/ graphene composite material and preparation method thereof
CN103626151A (en) * 2013-11-28 2014-03-12 复旦大学 Preparation method of graphene/carbon composite material
CN105036123A (en) * 2015-08-22 2015-11-11 苏州正业昌智能科技有限公司 Preparation method of hemicellulose-based graphene
CN105977042A (en) * 2016-04-07 2016-09-28 铜陵泰力电子有限公司 Composite electrode material added with polypyrrole and manganous-mangnic oxide and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102185143A (en) * 2011-04-02 2011-09-14 浙江大学 Transition metal oxide/ graphene composite material and preparation method thereof
CN103626151A (en) * 2013-11-28 2014-03-12 复旦大学 Preparation method of graphene/carbon composite material
CN105036123A (en) * 2015-08-22 2015-11-11 苏州正业昌智能科技有限公司 Preparation method of hemicellulose-based graphene
CN105977042A (en) * 2016-04-07 2016-09-28 铜陵泰力电子有限公司 Composite electrode material added with polypyrrole and manganous-mangnic oxide and preparation method thereof

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