CN108515172A - A kind of preparation method of the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion Download PDFInfo
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- CN108515172A CN108515172A CN201810311206.4A CN201810311206A CN108515172A CN 108515172 A CN108515172 A CN 108515172A CN 201810311206 A CN201810311206 A CN 201810311206A CN 108515172 A CN108515172 A CN 108515172A
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- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000678 plasma activation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N SnO2 Inorganic materials O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005234 chemical deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010946 fine silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002927 oxygen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B22F1/0003—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
- B22F2003/1051—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding by electric discharge
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion, silver-based material powder and high purity graphite ball are added three-dimensional vibrating and mix the mixed powder of powder machine progress three-dimensional vibrating by (1) simultaneously;(2) three-dimensional vibrating is mixed to the powder after powder and carries out discharge plasma activation and densification sintering;Complete the preparation of the wear-resisting silver-colored silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion;The method of the present invention is easy to operate, mixing powder using three-dimensional vibrating makes to form friction and shearing force between silver-based material powder and high purity graphite ball, the single layer stripped down or few layer graphene are evenly coated on silver-based material powder while carrying out mechanical stripping to high purity graphite ball, discharge plasma activation and densification sintering is recycled to realize the preparation of the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion, there is continuous three-dimensional grapheme spacial framework inside the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion prepared, keeping higher conduction, abrasion-resistant is worn while heat conductivility, anti electric arc corrosion performance increases substantially.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to alloy material preparing technical fields, and in particular to a kind of system of the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion
Preparation Method.
Background technology
Silver has highest metallic conductivity and thermal conductivity in all metals, there is quite high resistivity, good processing
Performance, it is not oxidizable in atmospheric conditions, contact resistance stablize, silver and silver alloy contact material, composite material, plating,
Numerous aspects such as solder, electric slurry have extremely wide purposes, such as the common electrical contact material of circuit arrangement, precision instrument
Material, the operating condition of big or middle power contact is more severe, and often under the strong effect in electric arc, electroerosion is serious, is important to derivation
Hot, electric conductivity will be got well, and wear-resisting, anti-electroerosion ability is eager to excel.But with the rapid development of the industry such as machinery, electronics, to circuit
Equipment, the reliability of instrument, stability, measure of precision and its service life, more stringent requirements are proposed, therefore there is an urgent need to develop valences
Lattice it is cheap have good electric conductivity, thermal conductivity, and again with wear-resisting stabilization and anti electric arc corrosion Pd-Ag substrate alloy material.
Currently, enhancing silver-colored wear-resisting property while to keep silver-colored conductive and heat-conductive, some scholars are using chemical deposition etc.
Method coats the metal coatings such as Cu, Ni in reinforcement particle surface, is then uniformly mixed again with silver powder, utilizes powder metallurgy process
Prepare silver-based composite material;In addition, some scholars are by the alloy elements such as Fe, Cd, Pd, Au, Mg, In, V, Zr and rare earth or oxygen
Compound modified material, such as Al2O3、CuO、ZnO、SnO2Etc. being added in silver matrix so that the silver alloy mechanical property of preparation with it is resistance to
Mill performance is enhanced.Since production equipment is expensive, production technology is complicated, material preparation is difficult and of high cost, it is chronically at examination
Conceptual phase is tested, also has relatively large distance away from extensive industrialization.
Graphene is due to its excellent mechanical performance, electric property and thermal property, once it is found that becoming each neck
The active material of domain research, there is huge application potential in various fields.Due to the excellent performance of graphene, scientific research personnel
In view of being added in silver matrix using graphene as reinforcement, improve its material property.But due to strong between graphene film
π-π active forces and hydrophobic forces it is easily reunited, to graphene preparation and the evenly dispersed band in silver matrix
Carry out difficulty, simultaneously because the wetability between graphene and silver matrix is poor, causes the force ratio of interface cohesion weaker.Cause
This, realizes that graphene is modified the preparation of industrialization of silver alloy and its business application still faces huge challenge.
Invention content
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide can be used for graphene enhancing to close
A kind of preparation method of wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion of golden material, will be used to prepare the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion
Silver-based powder mixed with high purity graphite ball and three-dimensional vibrating is added mixes powder machine, by three-dimensional vibrating mix powder make silver-based powder with it is high-purity
Friction and shearing force are formed between graphite nodule, by the single layer stripped down or few layer while to high purity graphite ball progress mechanical stripping
Graphene uniform is coated on silver-based powder, and the powder after powder is then mixed to three-dimensional vibrating and carries out discharge plasma activation and cause
Densification is sintered.Graphene is crossed-over to form continuous three-dimensional network knot inside the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion prepared
Structure so that its mechanical strength is worn with abrasion-resistant, anti electric arc corrosion performance increases substantially;Using preparation work provided by the invention
Skill simply and effectively solves at present in graphene preparation, evenly dispersed and graphene of the graphene in silver matrix and silver
The interface effectively significant problem in conjunction with existing for three aspects between matrix is graphene in the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion
Preparation and application provide simple and effective method.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of preparation method of the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion, is as follows:
Step 1:
1. weigh the wear-resisting silver-based material of the resistance to arc erosion matrix powder that quality is m is added three-dimensional vibrating with high purity graphite ball
In mixed powder machine, mixing of the powder machine to the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion matrix powder and high purity graphite ball is mixed using three-dimensional vibrating
Object carries out three-dimensional vibrating and mixes powder, and mixing powder by three-dimensional vibrating makes the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion matrix powder and high purity graphite
Friction and shearing force are formed between ball, by the single layer stripped down or few layer graphite while to high purity graphite ball progress mechanical stripping
Alkene is evenly coated in the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion matrix powder;The wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion matrix powder with
The ratio between initial incremental amount of high purity graphite ball is 0.1:1~10:1, vibration frequency be 15~40Hz, time of vibration be 5min~
3h;
After 2. vibration mixes powder, high purity graphite ball is taken out, the quality of high purity graphite ball is weighed, high purity graphite is made to be added
Amount is m0, wherein m0It is controlled by controlling vibration frequency and the time of vibration of the mixed powder of three-dimensional vibrating, m and m0Quantitative relationship press
According to the required requirement for preparing graphene number of plies quantitative calculating is carried out using specific surface area;
Step 2:
Three-dimensional vibrating is mixed to the wear-resisting silver-based material of the resistance to arc erosion matrix powder after powder to be added in mold, merging activation
Be sintered in sintering furnace, sintering temperature be 720~820 DEG C, heating rate be 10~200 DEG C/min, sintering pressure be 20~
40MPa, soaking time are 5~30min;Sintering terminates to obtain the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion;The wear-resisting resistance to electricity prepared
Arc corrode silver-based material inside graphene be crossed-over to form continuous three-dimensional net structure so that its mechanical strength with it is wear-resisting
Scouring damage, anti electric arc corrosion performance increase substantially.
Preferably, the wear-resisting silver-based material of the resistance to arc erosion matrix powder is silver powder or silver alloy powder.
Preferably, high purity graphite addition design:m0=2Smn/s0, wherein m0- high purity graphite addition g;
S-silver-based powder specific surface area m2/g;M-silver-based powder addition g;N-graphene coated the number of plies;S0- single-layer graphene ratio
Surface area m2/g。
Preferably, three-dimensional vibrating mixes powder and carries out in an atmosphere or carry out in vacuum or carried out under protective atmosphere.
Preferably, discharge plasma activation and densification are carried out to powder using discharge plasma activated sintering method
Sintering.
Preferably, plasma discharging activated sintering and densification sintering are carried out in vacuum or are carried out under protective atmosphere.
Three-dimensional vibrating does not add any auxiliary agent during mixing powder, to keep the activity of the graphene generated, and avoids removing
Single-layer graphene or few pollution between layer graphene and coated powder interface.
Compared to the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) present invention is used in using the three-dimensional vibrating blending processes of powders of no auxiliary agent and is prepared the wear-resisting silver-based of resistance to arc erosion material
Friction and shearing force are formed between the silver-based powder and high purity graphite ball of material, will be shelled while carrying out mechanical stripping to high purity graphite ball
It is evenly coated on silver-based powder from the single layer to get off or few layer graphene, realizes that graphene is raw in the original position of silver-based powder surface
At holding generates the activity of graphene, and avoids single-layer graphene or few pollution between layer graphene and silver-based powder interface.It is right
It is wear-resisting that powder progress discharge plasma activation and densification sintering after the mixed powder of three-dimensional vibrating can realize prepared by low cost, magnanimity
Silver-based material, and be firmly combined between graphene and silver-based powder matrix inside the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion prepared, it solves
Determined current high activity graphene preparation is difficult, interface cohesion in silver matrix between evenly dispersed difficult, graphene and silver matrix
The poor problem of power.
(2) graphene is crossed-over to form continuous three inside the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion prepared by the present invention
Tie up network structure so that the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion of preparation is while ensureing highly conductive, heat conductivility, machinery
Intensity is worn with abrasion-resistant, anti electric arc corrosion performance increases substantially.
Specific implementation mode
Preparation method of the present invention is described further with reference to specific embodiment, but the protection of the present invention
Range is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
1) fine silver powder 30g is weighed respectively and high purity graphite ball 20g is spare;
2) 1) silver powder weighed up in and high purity graphite ball RM-05 type Rocking Mill three-dimensional vibratings are placed in mix in powder machine
It carries out three-dimensional vibrating and mixes powder, vibration frequency 35Hz, time of vibration 45min;
3) after three-dimensional vibrating mixes powder, high purity graphite ball is taken out and is weighed, quality 19.78g is added in silver powder
High purity graphite be 0.22g.
4) it is added in mold after taking out three-dimensional vibrating treated powder, is placed in SL-SPS-325S plasma dischargings
Vacuum-sintering is carried out in sintering furnace, vacuum degree 5Pa, sintering pressure 30MPa, sintering temperature is 750 DEG C, before heating rate is
5min is 100 DEG C/min, and rear 5min is 50 DEG C/min, soaking time 5min;
5) after keeping the temperature, the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion that will be cooled to room temperature takes out.
Embodiment 2
1) it is spare that silver powder 92g, copper powder 8g and high purity graphite ball 15g are weighed respectively;
2) 1) that the silver powder, copper powder and the high purity graphite ball that weigh up in are placed in RM-05 type Rocking Mill three-dimensional vibratings is mixed
Three-dimensional vibrating is carried out in powder machine mixes powder, vibration frequency 35Hz, time of vibration 5h;
3) after taking out high purity graphite ball, high purity graphite ball is taken out and is weighed, quality 13.75g is added in mixed powder
Graphite be 1.25g;
4) it is added in mold after taking out three-dimensional vibrating treated powder, is placed in SL-SPS-325S plasma dischargings
Vacuum-sintering, vacuum degree 3.8Pa, sintering pressure 30MPa are carried out in sintering furnace, sintering temperature is 800 DEG C, and heating rate is
Preceding 5min is 100 DEG C/min, and rear 6min is 50 DEG C/min, soaking time 5min;
5) after keeping the temperature, the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion that will be cooled to room temperature takes out.
Embodiment 3
1) it is spare that silver powder 99.5g, cerium powder 0.5g and high purity graphite ball 15g are weighed respectively;
2) 1) it the silver powder weighed up in and cerium powder is placed in RM-05 type Rocking Mill three-dimensional vibratings mixes in powder machine and carry out three
Dimension vibration mixes powder, vibration frequency 35Hz, time of vibration 1h;
3) after taking out high purity graphite ball, graphite nodule is taken out and is weighed, quality 14.79g, the height being added in mixed powder
Pure graphite is 0.21g;
4) it is added in mold after taking out three-dimensional vibrating treated powder, is placed in SL-SPS-325S plasma dischargings
Vacuum-sintering, vacuum degree 5Pa, sintering pressure 30MPa are carried out in sintering furnace, sintering temperature is 765 DEG C, and heating rate is
100 DEG C/min, soaking time 5min;
5) after keeping the temperature, the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion that will be cooled to room temperature takes out.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of preparation method of the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion, it is characterised in that:Include the following steps:
Step 1:
Powder is mixed 1. weighing the wear-resisting silver-based material of the resistance to arc erosion matrix powder that quality is m and three-dimensional vibrating being added with high purity graphite ball
In machine, using three-dimensional vibrating mix powder machine to the mixture of the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion matrix powder and high purity graphite ball into
Row three-dimensional vibrating mixes powder, and mixing powder by three-dimensional vibrating makes between the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion matrix powder and high purity graphite ball
Friction and shearing force are formed, it is while to high purity graphite ball progress mechanical stripping that the single layer stripped down or few layer graphene is equal
It is even to be coated in the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion matrix powder;The wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion matrix powder with it is high-purity
The ratio between initial incremental amount of graphite nodule is 0.1:1~10:1, vibration frequency is 15~40Hz, and time of vibration is 5min~3h;
After 2. vibration mixes powder, high purity graphite ball is taken out, the quality of high purity graphite ball is weighed, makes the high purity graphite addition be
m0, wherein m0It is controlled by controlling vibration frequency and the time of vibration of the mixed powder of three-dimensional vibrating, m and m0Quantitative relationship according to institute
The requirement that graphene number of plies need to be prepared carries out quantitative calculating using specific surface area;
Step 2:
Three-dimensional vibrating is mixed to the wear-resisting silver-based material of the resistance to arc erosion matrix powder after powder to be added in mold, is placed in activated sintering
Be sintered in stove, sintering temperature be 720~820 DEG C, heating rate be 10~200 DEG C/min, sintering pressure be 20~
40MPa, soaking time are 5~30min;Sintering terminates to obtain the wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion;The wear-resisting resistance to electricity prepared
Arc corrode silver-based material inside graphene be crossed-over to form continuous three-dimensional net structure so that its mechanical strength with it is wear-resisting
Scouring damage, anti electric arc corrosion performance increase substantially.
2. a kind of preparation method of wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described
The wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion matrix powder is silver powder or silver alloy powder.
3. a kind of preparation method of wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is high-purity
Graphite addition designs:m0=2Smn/S0, wherein m0- high purity graphite addition g;S-silver-based powder specific surface area m2/g;m—
Silver-based powder addition g;N-graphene coated the number of plies;S0- single-layer graphene specific surface area m2/g。
4. a kind of preparation method of wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is three-dimensional
Vibration does not add any auxiliary agent during mixing powder, to keep the activity of the graphene generated, and avoids the single-layer graphene of stripping
Or few pollution between layer graphene and silver-based material powder interface.
5. a kind of preparation method of wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is three-dimensional
Vibration mixes powder and carries out in an atmosphere or carry out in vacuum or carried out under protective atmosphere.
6. a kind of preparation method of wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Using
Discharge plasma sintering method carries out discharge plasma activation and densification sintering to powder.
7. a kind of preparation method of wear-resisting silver-based material of resistance to arc erosion according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:Electric discharge
Plasma-activated and densification sintering is carried out or can be carried out under protective atmosphere in vacuum.
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CN114360884A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-15 | 华南理工大学 | High-magnetic-induction low-loss gradient nanocrystalline magnetic powder core suitable for high-frequency inductance element and preparation method and application thereof |
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