CN108498099B - Flexible alveolar volume acquisition system and alveolar volume acquisition method - Google Patents

Flexible alveolar volume acquisition system and alveolar volume acquisition method Download PDF

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CN108498099B
CN108498099B CN201810300829.1A CN201810300829A CN108498099B CN 108498099 B CN108498099 B CN 108498099B CN 201810300829 A CN201810300829 A CN 201810300829A CN 108498099 B CN108498099 B CN 108498099B
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sound signal
module
sound
alveolar volume
flexible
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CN108498099A (en
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冯雪
王峰乐
付际
金鹏
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
    • A61B5/085—Measuring impedance of respiratory organs or lung elasticity
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
    • A61B5/0004—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network characterised by the type of physiological signal transmitted
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
    • A61B5/0816—Measuring devices for examining respiratory frequency
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/74—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means
    • A61B5/742—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means using visual displays
    • A61B5/7445—Display arrangements, e.g. multiple display units
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
    • A61B2562/0204—Acoustic sensors

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a flexible alveolar volume acquisition system and an alveolar volume acquisition method. The sounding module sends first sound signals with different frequencies; the sensor module receives a second sound signal generated by the lung due to vibration generated by the first sound signal; the signal processing and transmitting module converts the second sound signal into a third sound signal and transmits the third sound signal, and the calculating module receives the third sound signal, calculates the frequency of the third sound signal, and calculates the alveolar volume according to the frequency of the third sound signal. Through the cooperation of all modules, the alveolar volume size of the patient/user can be rapidly acquired in real time, and the alveolar volume size of the patient/user can be monitored in real time.

Description

Flexible alveolar volume acquisition system and alveolar volume acquisition method
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of medical devices, and in particular, to a flexible alveolar volume acquisition system and an alveolar volume acquisition method.
Background
Mechanical Ventilation (MV) is the primary means of support for respiratory failure due to a variety of causes. The purpose of mechanical ventilation is to provide the body with sufficient gas exchange while allowing the respiratory muscles to rest. However, it also causes respiratory muscle-related lung injury (VALI). Ventilator-related lung injury occurs as a result of ventilation as lung volume (absolute) increases, which in turn leads to alveolar rupture, gas leakage, and various barotrauma (e.g., pneumothorax, mediastinal emphysema, and subcutaneous emphysema). And at the same time, the release of various intracellular mediators is caused directly (damaging various cells) or indirectly (activating cell signaling pathways of epithelial cells, endothelial cells, or inflammatory cells). Certain agents can directly damage lung tissue; certain mediators cause the lungs to develop pulmonary fibrosis. Other mediators act as homing molecules to bring cells (e.g., neutrophils) to the lung, and the molecules released by the cells that have accumulated in the lung can cause more damage to the lung.
Monitoring the extent of expansion, i.e., the volume of the alveoli, during alveolar ventilation is therefore important for patients undergoing mechanical ventilation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present disclosure proposes a flexible alveolar volume acquisition system comprising:
the sounding module is used for generating first sound signals with different frequencies;
the sensor module is used for receiving a second sound signal transmitted from the lung, wherein the second sound signal is a sound signal generated by the lung due to vibration generated by the first sound signal;
the signal processing and transmission module is electrically connected to the sensor module and is used for converting the second sound signal into a third sound signal and transmitting the third sound signal, wherein the third sound signal is a digital signal; and
and the calculation module is electrically connected with the signal processing and transmission module and used for receiving the third sound signal, calculating the frequency of the third sound signal and calculating the alveolar volume according to the frequency of the third sound signal.
In a possible implementation manner, the sensor module includes a plurality of acoustic sensors, each of which is composed of a sensing element and a resonant cavity, the sensing element is located in the resonant cavity, and the sensing element is made of a plurality of MEMS microphones, electret microphones, or a combination thereof.
In one possible implementation manner, the sensor module is disposed on a support body applied to the surface of the lung, the support body is made of a flexible material, the support body comprises a flexible board and a flexible packaging layer, the sensor module is disposed on the flexible board, and the flexible packaging layer is used for packaging the sensor module and the flexible board.
In one possible implementation, the flexible material is polyimide.
In a possible implementation manner, the signal processing and transmitting module transmits the third sound signal to the computing module in a wired or wireless manner, where the wireless manner includes bluetooth, WiFi, GPRS, 3G or 5G.
In a possible implementation manner, the flexible alveolar volume acquisition system further includes a display module, electrically connected to the calculation module, for displaying the alveolar volume and/or the frequency.
In a possible implementation manner, the flexible alveolar volume acquisition system further includes a control module, and the control module is electrically connected to the sound generation module and the display module and is configured to control the operation of the sound generation module and the display module.
In one possible implementation, calculating alveolar volume according to the frequency of the third sound signal includes:
calculating the alveolar volume according to a first formula, the first formula being:
Figure GDA0002370353170000031
wherein f is0Where c is the frequency of the third acoustic signal, c is the speed of sound, S is the area of the bronchiole cross-section connecting the alveoli, d is the diameter of the bronchiole cross-section connecting the alveoli, l is the length of the bronchiole connecting the alveoli, and V is the alveolar volume.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, the present disclosure also provides an alveolar volume obtaining method, wherein the method includes:
the sound production module produces first sound signals with different frequencies;
the sensor module receives a second sound signal transmitted from the lung, wherein the second sound signal is a sound signal generated by the lung due to vibration generated by the first sound signal;
the signal processing and transmission module converts the second sound signal into a third sound signal and transmits the third sound signal, wherein the third sound signal is a digital signal; and
a calculation module receives the third sound signal, calculates a frequency of the third sound signal, and calculates an alveolar volume according to the frequency of the third sound signal.
In one possible implementation, the method further includes:
a display module displays the alveolar volume and the frequency; and
and the control module controls the work of the sound production module and the display module.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can have the following beneficial effects: the sounding module sends first sound signals with different frequencies; the sensor module receives a second sound signal transmitted by the lung after the lung vibrates due to the first sound signal; the signal processing and transmission module converts the second sound signal into a third sound signal and transmits the third sound signal, the calculation module receives the third sound signal, calculates the frequency of the third sound signal, and calculates the alveolar volume according to the frequency of the third sound signal.
Other features and aspects of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
FIG. 1 shows a block schematic diagram of a flexible alveolar volume acquisition system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 2 illustrates a scenario for use of the flexible alveolar volume acquisition system of FIG. 1.
Fig. 3(a) is a plan view of the sensor module 12, fig. 3(b) is a front view of the sensor module 12, and fig. 3(c) is a schematic model diagram showing bronchioles and alveoli connected thereto.
Fig. 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram corresponding to the flexible volume acquiring system module schematic diagram.
FIG. 5 shows a block schematic diagram of a flexible alveolar volume acquisition system according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 6 shows a block schematic diagram of a flexible alveolar volume acquisition system according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 7 shows a flow chart of an alveolar volume acquisition method based on a flexible alveolar volume acquisition system.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments, features and aspects of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numbers can indicate functionally identical or similar elements. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.
Furthermore, in the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present disclosure. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present disclosure may be practiced without some of these specific details. In some instances, methods, means, elements and circuits that are well known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present disclosure.
FIG. 1 shows a block schematic diagram of a flexible alveolar volume acquisition system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in FIG. 1, the flexible alveolar volume acquisition system comprises: a sound production module 11, a sensor module 12, a signal processing and transmission module 13, and a calculation module 14. Wherein, the sensor module 12, the signal processing and transmitting module 13, and the calculating module 14 are electrically connected in sequence, and the sound generated after the sound generated by the sound generating module 11 causes the lung to vibrate can be received by the sensor module 12.
The sound generating module 11 is used for generating first sound signals with different frequencies.
In one possible implementation, the sound generating module 11 may be composed of a power supply, a switch, a chip with I/O pins, a speaker, etc., and in some embodiments, these components may be divided into modules, such as a signal generating module and a speaker module, and the signal generating module may be composed of a switch, a chip with I/O pins, etc., for generating a pulse electrical signal. The loudspeaker module comprises a loudspeaker and is driven by the signal generating module to emit sound. The chip may be a specially designed chip for generating a pulse signal, or may be an 8-bit integrated chip such as the AT89 series, among other types of integrated chips.
In a possible embodiment, the manner of generating the first sound signals with different frequencies by the sound generating module 11 may be: the chip outputs a pulse electric signal to drive the loudspeaker to generate the first sound signal through program control.
In a possible embodiment, the sound generation module 11 may also generate the first sound signal with different frequencies by means of frequency sweeping. For example, the chip may be programmed to generate a frequency sweep signal that drives a speaker to generate the first acoustic signal.
In one possible embodiment, the first sound signal may comprise a discrete or continuous sound signal of different frequencies within a certain frequency band.
Please refer to fig. 2.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of an operational scenario of the flexible alveolar volume acquisition system shown in FIG. 1. As shown in fig. 2, the sound generating module 11 generates a sound signal toward the mouth/nose of the human body, the sound signal can be transmitted to the lung along with the airflow through the respiratory system, and the sound signal can be received by the sensor module 12 after interacting with the lung to generate another sound signal, for example, the sound signal generated by the sound generating module 11 can cause the lung to vibrate to generate another sound signal.
And the sensor module 12 is used for receiving a second sound signal transmitted from the lung, wherein the second sound signal is a sound signal generated by the lung due to the vibration generated by the first sound signal.
Please refer to fig. 3(a), fig. 3(b), and fig. 3 (c).
Fig. 3(a) and 3(b) show schematic sensor module diagrams according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein fig. 3(a) is a top view of the sensor module 12, fig. 3(b) is a front view of the sensor module 12, and fig. 3(c) shows a model schematic diagram of bronchioles and their connected alveoli.
In a possible embodiment, the sensor module 12 includes a plurality of acoustic sensors, each of which may be formed by a sensing element 21 and a resonant cavity 22, the sensing element 21 being located within the resonant cavity 22, and the sensing element 21 may be made of a plurality of MEMS microphones, electret microphones, or a combination thereof.
In a possible embodiment, the sensor module 12 is disposed on a support 2 applied to the lung surface, the support 2 is made of a flexible material and includes a flexible board 24 and a flexible packaging layer 23, the sensor module 12 is disposed on the flexible board 24, and the flexible packaging layer 23 is used for packaging the sensor module 12 and the flexible board 24. The flexible encapsulation layer 23 may cover the flexible board 24. For example, the flexible material may be polyimide, and the support body 2 may be made of a flexible board 24 and a flexible packaging layer 23 made of polyimide. By implementing the method, the flexibility and the air permeability of the system can be greatly increased. In other embodiments, the flexible material may be selected as desired, and the invention is not limited thereto.
In a possible embodiment, the outer contour of the resonant cavity 22 may be a horn or a step, and the resonant cavity 22 is hollow to form a cavity, so as to provide better collection and concentration of sound. The resonant cavity 22 is open at both ends, a smaller opening can be fixed to the flexible board 24, and the sensing element 21 can be located within a range surrounded by the smaller opening and disposed on the flexible board 24. In use, the larger opening of the resonant cavity 22 may be applied to the lungs, collecting the acoustic signals from the lungs, the sensing element 21 in the resonant cavity 22 sensing the acoustic signals and converting the acoustic signals from acoustic waves to electrical signals, and the acoustic signals are transmitted as electrical signals to the signal processing and transmission module 13 through the circuitry on the flexible board 24. The signal processing and transmission module 13 may be implemented on the flexible board 24 in the form of a flexible circuit.
In one possible embodiment, the first sound signals of multiple frequencies emitted by the sound emitting module 11 can be transmitted to the lungs through the respiratory system of the human body, such as the trachea and the bronchi. For example, the sound module 11 may be attached to or face the mouth and nose of the patient/user, and the sound signal emitted by the sound module 11 may pass through the lung of the respiratory system of the human body. The human lung includes alveoli with different sizes and shapes, and the first sound signal is captured by the sensor module 12 after interacting with the lung and alveoli to generate a second sound signal, for example, the interaction may be that the first sound signal emitted by the sound emitting module 11 causes the lung to vibrate to generate the second sound signal.
In one possible embodiment, the principle that the acoustic signal captured by the sensor module 12 is related to the size of the alveolar volume is that the alveoli in the human body are connected to bronchioles, which correspond to a Helmholtz resonator (FIG. 3(c)) with acoustic impedance related to the alveolar volume. Therefore, the size of the alveoli affects the spectrum of the received sound signals, i.e. the sound signals received by the alveoli interact with the alveoli, and the alveoli with different sizes produce different spectral responses. The extent of expansion of the alveoli at this location can be determined by analyzing the frequency spectrum of the sound signal from the sensor module 12. Thus, the second acoustic signal received by sensor module 12 is highly correlated with alveolar volume.
And the signal processing and transmitting module 13 is electrically connected to the sensor module, and is configured to convert the second sound signal into a third sound signal and transmit the third sound signal, where the third sound signal is a digital signal.
In one possible embodiment, the second sound signal is an analog signal, and the signal processing and transmitting module 13 converts the second sound signal into a digital signal, which includes but is not limited to denoising, amplifying, and a/D converting the second sound signal, so that the processed second sound signal becomes a third sound signal, which is a digital signal and is convenient for storage and transmission.
In one possible embodiment, the signal processing and transmitting module 13 transmits the third sound signal, for example, by wire. When the third audio signal is transmitted by wire, the signal processing and transmitting module 13 is electrically connected to the calculating module 14 through a signal line, and transmits the third audio signal to the calculating module 14. The signal processing and transmitting module 13 can also transmit the third sound signal in a wireless manner, which includes but is not limited to bluetooth, WiFi, GPRS, 3G or 5G, and other wireless transmission manners. In the present embodiment, the signal processing and transmission are two processes, which may be integrated in the same module or separated into two modules, for example, the signal processing and transmission module 13 may be divided into a signal processing module and a transmission module. In other embodiments, the signal processing and transmitting module 13 may further include a memory for storing the third sound signal to improve the efficiency of data transmission, and the memory may be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile memory device or combination thereof, such as a Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), an Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), a Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), a magnetic memory, a flash memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk.
And a calculating module 14, electrically connected to the signal processing and transmitting module 13, for receiving the third sound signal, calculating the frequency of the third sound signal, and calculating the alveolar volume according to the frequency of the third sound signal.
In a possible implementation manner, after receiving the third sound signal, the calculating module 14 may obtain a frequency response curve of the third sound signal by a frequency sweeping method, obtain a spectral characteristic of the third sound signal from the frequency response curve of the third sound signal by a fourier transform method, etc., obtain a frequency of the third sound signal from the spectral characteristic of the third sound signal, and calculate an alveolar volume corresponding to the frequency according to equation 1.
Figure GDA0002370353170000081
In the formula 1, f0Where c is the frequency of the third acoustic signal, c is the speed of sound, S is the area of the bronchiole cross-section connecting the alveoli, d is the diameter of the bronchiole cross-section connecting the alveoli, l is the length of the bronchiole connecting the alveoli, and V is the alveolar volume. Wherein, except f0And V, other parameters such as c, S, d, l are known, and S, d, l can be obtained through actual measurement or empirical values.
In a possible embodiment, the computing module 14 may further include a memory and a processor, the computing module 14 may store data transmitted from the signal processing and transmitting module 13 through the memory, and the memory may be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile memory device or combination thereof, such as a Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), an Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), a Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), a magnetic memory, a flash memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk. The processor may be implemented by one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other electronic components. When the signal processing and transmitting module 13 transmits data in a wireless manner, the computing module may further include a wireless receiving module, for example, a receiving module such as a bluetooth receiving module, a WiFi receiving module, and the like, corresponding to the transmission manner of the signal processing and transmitting module.
The computing module 14 may be implemented by dedicated hardware, by a general-purpose computer or other terminal equipment with processing functions, or by network computing service resources.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram corresponding to the flexible volume acquiring system module schematic diagram.
As shown in fig. 4, the partial schematic structural diagram includes a sound module 11, a sensor module 12, a signal processing and transmitting module 13 and a support body 2, the sensor module 12 may be disposed on the support body 2, and the signal processing and transmitting module 13 may also be disposed on the support body.
Based on the flexible alveolar volume acquisition system, real-time data of the alveolar volume of a patient/user can be obtained.
FIG. 5 shows a block schematic diagram of a flexible alveolar volume acquisition system according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in FIG. 5, a flexible alveolar volume acquisition system comprises: the device comprises a sound production module 11, a sensor module 12, a signal processing and transmitting module 13, a calculating module 14 and a display module 15, wherein the sensor module 12, the signal processing and transmitting module 13, the calculating module 14 and the display module 15 are sequentially and electrically connected, and sound produced by the sound production module 11 after lung vibration is caused can be received by the sensor module 12.
The sound generating module 11 is used for generating first sound signals with different frequencies.
The sensor module 12 is configured to receive a second sound signal from the lung, where the second sound signal is a sound signal generated by the lung vibrating due to the first sound signal.
And the signal processing and transmitting module 13 is electrically connected to the sensor module, and is configured to convert the second sound signal into a third sound signal and transmit the third sound signal.
And a calculating module 14, electrically connected to the signal processing and transmitting module 13, for receiving the third sound signal, calculating the frequency of the third sound signal, and calculating the alveolar volume according to the frequency of the third sound signal.
The sound generating module 11, the sensor module 12, the signal processing and transmitting module 13, and the calculating module 14 in fig. 5 are the same as those in fig. 1, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted, so that reference can be made to the previous description.
And a display module 15, configured to display the alveolar volume and/or the frequency calculated by the calculation module 14.
In one possible embodiment, the display module 15 may be an LED display screen, an LCD display screen, or the like. The display module 15 may display the alveolar volume and the corresponding frequency thereof in real time, and when the sounding module continuously emits sounds with different frequencies, the flexible alveolar volume acquiring system is always in the operating mode, so that the alveolar volume is continuously updated.
In one possible embodiment, the display module 15 may display the alveolar volume sizes corresponding to different regions of the lung in groups. As can be seen from the foregoing description, the sensor module 12 comprises a plurality of sensors disposed on a support body 2, the support body 2 being applied to the lung surface. Different sensors monitor different positions, so that the sensors on the sensor module 12 can be grouped as required, and grouped alveolar volumes are displayed in a grouped manner, and the display is more intuitive. The grouping mode can be set according to needs, and the grouping can be carried out according to the structure of the lung.
Based on the flexible alveolar volume acquisition system, real-time data of the alveolar volume of the patient/user can be obtained and displayed to a monitor, and the monitor can conveniently and intuitively observe the change of the alveolar volume of the patient/user.
FIG. 6 shows a block schematic diagram of a flexible alveolar volume acquisition system according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in FIG. 6, a flexible alveolar volume acquisition system comprises: the device comprises a sound production module 11, a sensor module 12, a signal processing and transmitting module 13, a calculating module 14, a display module 15 and a control module 16, wherein the sensor module 12, the signal processing and transmitting module 13, the calculating module 14, the display module 15 and the control module 16 are electrically connected in sequence, and sound produced after lung vibration is caused by sound produced by the sound production module 11 can be received by the sensor module 12.
The sound generating module 11 is used for generating first sound signals with different frequencies.
The sensor module 12 is configured to receive a second sound signal from the lung, where the second sound signal is a sound signal generated by the lung vibrating due to the first sound signal.
And the signal processing and transmitting module 13 is electrically connected to the sensor module, and is configured to convert the second sound signal into a third sound signal and transmit the third sound signal.
And a calculating module 14, electrically connected to the signal processing and transmitting module 13, for receiving the third sound signal, calculating the frequency of the third sound signal, and calculating the alveolar volume according to the frequency of the third sound signal.
The display module 15 is electrically connected to the calculation module 14, and is configured to display the alveolar volume and/or the frequency.
Referring to fig. 6, the sound generating module 11, the sensor module 12, the signal processing and transmitting module 13, the calculating module 14, and the display module 15 in fig. 6 are the same as those in fig. 1 and 5, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted, so that reference can be made to the foregoing description.
In one possible embodiment, the control module 16 is electrically connected to the sound generation module for controlling the operations of the sound generation module 11 and the display module 15. For example, the control module 16 may control the sound generation module 11 to generate sounds with different frequencies, control the generation module 11 to generate sounds with specific frequencies, control the duration of the sounds generated by the sound generation module 11, and so on. The control module 16 can control the display module 15 to display the frequency of the third sound signal calculated by the calculation module 14 and the alveolar volume calculated according to the frequency. It should be understood that the sensor module 12, the signal processing and transmitting module 13, the calculating module 14, and the display module 15 can be electrically connected, so that the control module 16 can also control the operation of other modules, i.e., the control module 16 can control the operation of the entire flexible alveolar volume acquisition system. It should be noted that the "work" is not limited to the work that each module should perform, and may also include the work that the control module 16 can control each module through a program or an instruction, for example, the control module 16 may reset, shut down, and enable each module.
In one possible implementation, the control module 16 may be implemented by one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), controllers, micro-controllers, microprocessors, or other electronic components.
It should be noted that the above settings for the modules of the flexible alveolar volume acquisition system are exemplary, and those skilled in the art will understand that the present disclosure should not be limited thereto. In fact, the user is fully enabled to flexibly configure the various modules of the flexible alveolar volume acquisition system according to personal preferences and/or practical application scenarios.
Further, the present disclosure also provides a testing procedure and an implementation of the flexible alveolar volume harvesting system, which may include:
assembling the flexible alveolar volume acquisition system and preparing to start testing;
fitting the support body 2 to the lungs of the patient/user;
the sound production module 11 produces pulse signals, and the sound production module 11 emits pulse sound signals;
the sensor module 12 starts to collect the corresponding sound signal;
the signal processing and transmitting module 13 processes and transmits the received sound signals;
the relative volumes of the alveoli in the different regions can be seen by the monitoring person on the display module 15.
Based on the flexible alveolar volume acquisition system, real-time data of the alveolar volume of the patient/user can be obtained and displayed to a monitor, the monitor can conveniently and intuitively observe the change of the alveolar volume of the patient/user, and meanwhile, the control module 16 can control the whole system and all modules.
During measurement, the sound spectrum of the person during expiration can be measured firstly, then the sound spectrum of the person during inspiration is measured, and the frequency spectrum difference of the person during respiration is obtained through comparison, so that the alveolar opening and closing volume range can be obtained.
FIG. 7 shows a flow chart of an alveolar volume acquisition method based on a flexible alveolar volume acquisition system.
Referring to fig. 1-6, the flexible alveolar volume acquisition system may include a sound module 11, a sensor module 12, a signal processing and transmission module 13, a calculation module 14, a display module 15, and a control module 16.
As shown in fig. 7, the alveolar volume acquisition method includes:
in step S110, the sound generating module generates first sound signals with different frequencies.
Step S120, the sensor module receives a second sound signal transmitted from the lung, where the second sound signal is a sound signal generated by the lung due to vibration generated by the first sound signal.
In step S130, the signal processing and transmitting module converts the second sound signal into a third sound signal, and transmits the third sound signal, where the third sound signal is a digital signal.
In step S140, the calculation module receives the third sound signal, calculates the frequency of the third sound signal, and calculates the alveolar volume according to the frequency of the third sound signal.
In one possible implementation, calculating the alveolar volume according to the frequency of the third sound signal may include:
calculating alveolar volume according to a first formula, the first formula being:
Figure GDA0002370353170000131
wherein f is0Where c is the frequency of the third acoustic signal, c is the speed of sound, S is the area of the bronchiole cross-section connecting the alveoli, d is the diameter of the bronchiole cross-section connecting the alveoli, l is the length of the bronchiole connecting the alveoli, and V is the alveolar volume.
Further, the method may further comprise the steps of:
a display module displays the alveolar volume and the frequency; and
and the control module controls the work of the sound production module and the display module.
It should be noted that although the alveolar volume acquisition method is described by taking steps as an example, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present disclosure should not be limited thereto. In fact, the user can flexibly set the steps of the method according to personal preference and/or actual application scene.
Based on the flexible alveolar volume acquisition method, the alveolar volume of a patient/user can be monitored in real time.
Having described embodiments of the present disclosure, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terms used herein were chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or technical improvements to the techniques in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims (9)

1. A flexible alveolar volume acquisition system, comprising:
the sounding module is used for generating first sound signals with different frequencies;
the sensor module is used for receiving a second sound signal transmitted from the lung, wherein the second sound signal is a sound signal generated by the lung due to vibration generated by the first sound signal;
the signal processing and transmission module is electrically connected to the sensor module and is used for converting the second sound signal into a third sound signal and transmitting the third sound signal, wherein the third sound signal is a digital signal; and
a calculating module, electrically connected to the signal processing and transmitting module, for receiving the third sound signal, calculating the frequency of the third sound signal, and calculating the alveolar volume according to the frequency of the third sound signal,
said calculating alveolar volume from the frequency of the third sound signal, comprising:
calculating the alveolar volume according to a first formula, the first formula being:
Figure FDA0002370353160000011
wherein f is0Where c is the frequency of the third acoustic signal, c is the speed of sound, S is the area of the bronchiole cross-section connecting the alveoli, d is the diameter of the bronchiole cross-section connecting the alveoli, l is the length of the bronchiole connecting the alveoli, and V is the alveolar volume.
2. The flexible alveolar volume acquisition system of claim 1, wherein the sensor module comprises a plurality of acoustic sensors each consisting of a sensing element and a resonant cavity, the sensing element being located within the resonant cavity, the sensing element being made of an electret microphone, a plurality of MEMS microphones, or a combination thereof.
3. The flexible alveolar volume acquisition system according to claim 2, wherein the sensor module is disposed on a support applied to an outer surface of a human body at a position corresponding to a lung, the support is made of a flexible material, the support comprises a flexible plate and a flexible encapsulation layer, the sensor module is disposed on the flexible plate, and the flexible encapsulation layer is used for encapsulating the sensor module and the flexible plate.
4. The flexible alveolar volume acquisition system of claim 3, wherein the flexible material is polyimide.
5. The flexible alveolar volume acquisition system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the signal processing and transmission module transmits the third sound signal to the computing module by wire or wirelessly, wherein the wireless means comprises Bluetooth, WiFi, GPRS, 3G or 5G.
6. The flexible alveolar volume acquisition system according to claim 5, further comprising a display module electrically connected to the calculation module for displaying the alveolar volume and/or the frequency.
7. The flexible alveolar volume acquisition system according to claim 6, further comprising a control module electrically connected to the sound generation module and the display module for controlling the operation of the sound generation module and the display module.
8. A method of alveolar volume acquisition, the method comprising:
the sound production module produces first sound signals with different frequencies;
the sensor module receives a second sound signal transmitted from the lung, wherein the second sound signal is a sound signal generated by the lung due to vibration generated by the first sound signal;
the signal processing and transmission module converts the second sound signal into a third sound signal and transmits the third sound signal, wherein the third sound signal is a digital signal; and
a calculation module receives the third sound signal, calculates a frequency of the third sound signal, and calculates an alveolar volume according to the frequency of the third sound signal,
said calculating alveolar volume from the frequency of the third sound signal, comprising:
calculating the alveolar volume according to a first formula, the first formula being:
Figure FDA0002370353160000021
wherein f is0Where c is the frequency of the third acoustic signal, c is the speed of sound, S is the area of the bronchiole cross-section connecting the alveoli, d is the diameter of the bronchiole cross-section connecting the alveoli, l is the length of the bronchiole connecting the alveoli, and V is the alveolar volume.
9. The alveolar volume acquisition method according to claim 8, further comprising:
a display module displays the alveolar volume and the frequency; and
and the control module controls the work of the sound production module and the display module.
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