CN108490408A - A kind of Moving Target with Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar detection field trial method - Google Patents
A kind of Moving Target with Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar detection field trial method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108490408A CN108490408A CN201810587748.4A CN201810587748A CN108490408A CN 108490408 A CN108490408 A CN 108490408A CN 201810587748 A CN201810587748 A CN 201810587748A CN 108490408 A CN108490408 A CN 108490408A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Moving Target with Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar to detect field trial method, it can realize the equivalent of high rail synthetic aperture radar, airborne synthetic aperture radar is enable to enroll the transient echo data of long synthetic aperture time, the feasibility to verify high rail synthetic aperture radar moving target detection technique provides support；A kind of Moving Target with Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar of the present invention detects field trial method, in addition to the imaging test suitable for Ship Target, applies also for the time critical targets such as water body, crops and forest land and carries out imaging test under the long synthetic aperture time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high rail synthetic aperture radar technical field of measurement and test more particularly to a kind of airborne synthetic aperture radar are dynamic
Target detection field trial method.
Background technology
During high rail synthetic aperture radar is to interesting target, especially Ship Target Detection, due to Ship Target ship
Body structure and scattering properties are complicated, while being carried out complexity by the such environmental effects such as sea stormy waves, Ship Target and sea clutter
Nonlinear motion, echo-signal coherent accumulation needs to compensate Ship Motion, it is therefore desirable to high rail synthetic aperture thunder
Up to whether to moving-target have good detection result verify.Fully to verify high rail synthetic aperture radar pre-filter method
And the feasibility of detection technique, it needs to carry out verification test.Verification test for spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system includes two
Class method：
First kind method is Computer Simulation test, is completed at simulation of radar return signal and emulation using computer software
Reason, to complete system testing；
Second class method is practical field trial, and synthetic aperture radar is mounted on the motion platforms such as aircraft, hair is passed through
The acquisition for penetrating the transmitting and echo of machine and receiver completion signal, on machine or ground carries out signal processing, to complete system
Test.
However, the interesting target with complicated scattering properties and nonlinear motion, as Ship Target is difficult to by imitative
True experiment effectively simulate and emulate.Lacking high rail synthetic aperture radar measured data, low rail synthetic aperture radar is defended
The star synthetic aperture time is too short, in the case of the high rail Synthetic Aperture Radar satellite synthetic aperture time is longer, cannot use low rail
Synthetic aperture radar verifies high rail synthetic aperture radar moving target detection technique to the testing result of moving-target.That is, existing
There is test method to cannot be satisfied the verification to high rail synthetic aperture radar moving target detection technique.
Invention content
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of Moving Target with Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar detection field trial method,
Feasibility to verify high rail synthetic aperture radar moving target detection technique provides support.
A kind of Moving Target with Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar detection field trial method, includes the following steps：
S1：The simulation moving-target equivalent with the motion feature of the six degree of freedom of interesting target；
S2：It obtains and the equivalent flight parameter of high rail synthetic aperture radar, wherein the flight parameter includes orientation point
Resolution, range resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, synthetic aperture time and angle of squint；
S3：Airborne synthetic aperture radar is believed according to the flight parameter to the field emission radar to be observed where moving-target
Number and receives echo-signal；
S4：Constant false alarm rate detection is carried out to the echo-signal, obtains the field testing image of the moving-target.
Preferably, the interesting target is Ship Target.
Preferably, simulation obtains the moving-target equivalent with the motion feature of the six degree of freedom of interesting target is specially：
It obtains in the true marine site of setting rank sea situation, the translation characteristic and rotational characteristic of interesting target；
According to the translation characteristic and rotational characteristic, the movement of moving-target in true marine site is controlled so that the six of moving-target
Error between the motion feature of degree of freedom and the motion feature of the six degree of freedom of interesting target is less than given threshold.
Preferably, simulation obtains the moving-target equivalent with the motion feature of the six degree of freedom of interesting target is specially：
The wave of setting rank is artificially manufactured in greater coasting area, then obtains the interesting target model in greater coasting area
The characteristic that is translatable and rotational characteristic；Wherein, the size of interesting target model and the interesting target is at setting ratio；
According to the translation characteristic and rotational characteristic, the movement of moving-target in greater coasting area is controlled so that the six of moving-target
Error between the motion feature of degree of freedom and the motion feature of the six degree of freedom of interesting target model is less than given threshold.
Preferably, the acquisition specifically includes following steps with the equivalent flight parameter of high rail synthetic aperture radar：
S201：The movement velocity of high rail synthetic aperture radar is declined into the movement velocity after μ times, as airbome synthetic aperture
The movement velocity of radar, to realize the equivalent of high rail synthetic aperture radar azimuth resolution, wherein μ is that high rail synthesizes hole
The ratio of the operating distance of diameter radar and the operating distance of airborne synthetic aperture radar；
S202：By the bandwidth of the radar signal of high rail synthetic aperture radar transmitting, emit as airborne synthetic aperture radar
Radar signal bandwidth, to realize the equivalent of high rail synthetic aperture radar range resolution；
S203：Signal-to-noise ratio based on the high rail synthetic aperture radar condition equal with the signal-to-noise ratio of airborne synthetic aperture radar
Under, airborne synthetic aperture radar is obtained in the emission effciency of setting, operating distance, movement velocity and loss factor
Transmission power and antenna area, to realize the equivalent of high rail synthetic aperture radar signal-to-noise ratio；
S204：The orientation of azimuth resolution and airborne synthetic aperture radar based on high rail synthetic aperture radar is differentiated
Under conditions of rate is equivalent, using the synthetic aperture time of high rail synthetic aperture radar as the synthetic aperture of airborne synthetic aperture radar
Time, to realize the equivalent of high rail synthetic aperture radar synthetic aperture time；
S205：Angle of squint of the value of high rail synthetic aperture radar angle of squint as airborne synthetic aperture radar is will be greater than, from
And realize the equivalent of high rail synthetic aperture radar angle of squint.
Advantageous effect：
The present invention provides a kind of Moving Target with Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar detection field trial method, can realize high rail synthesis
Aperture radar it is equivalent so that airborne synthetic aperture radar can enroll the transient echo data of long synthetic aperture time, be
The feasibility for verifying high rail synthetic aperture radar moving target detection technique provides support.
A kind of Moving Target with Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar of the present invention detects field trial method, in addition to being suitable for Ship Target
Imaging test, apply also for the time critical targets such as water body, crops and forest land and carry out imaging test under the long synthetic aperture time.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart that a kind of Moving Target with Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar provided by the invention detects field trial method.
Fig. 2 is the imaging schematic diagram of high rail synthetic aperture radar and airborne synthetic aperture radar provided by the invention；
Fig. 3 is that moving-target provided by the invention detects field trial schematic diagram of a scenario；
Fig. 4 is that moving-target provided by the invention detects field trial helicopter flight conspectus.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand application scheme, below in conjunction in the embodiment of the present application
Attached drawing, technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described.
Referring to Fig. 1, which is a kind of Moving Target with Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar detection field trial side provided in this embodiment
The flow chart of method.A kind of Moving Target with Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar detection field trial method, includes the following steps：
S1：Obtain the moving-target equivalent with the motion feature of the six degree of freedom of interesting target.
It should be noted that object has six-freedom degree, the i.e. shifting along three rectangular co-ordinate axis directions of x, y, z in space
Dynamic degree of freedom and the rotational freedom around these three reference axis.That is, interesting target can in rectangular coordinate system oxyz
To have 3 translational motions and 3 rotations.3 translational motions be respectively along x, y, the translational motion of z-axis, 3 rotations be respectively around
Above-mentioned 6 self-movements are then referred to as 6 degree of freedom by x, y, the rotation of z-axis.
Optionally, the interesting target is Ship Target.
The two methods of the equivalent moving-target of motion feature of the six degree of freedom of acquisition and interesting target are described below.
First method is：Obtain setting rank sea situation true marine site in, the translation characteristic of interesting target and turn
Dynamic characteristic；
According to the translation characteristic and rotational characteristic, the movement of moving-target in true marine site is controlled so that the six of moving-target
Error between the motion feature of degree of freedom and the motion feature of the six degree of freedom of interesting target is less than given threshold.
Second method is：Artificially manufacture sets the wave of rank in greater coasting area, then obtains in greater coasting area
The translation characteristic and rotational characteristic of interesting target model；Wherein, the size of interesting target model and the interesting target
At setting ratio；
According to the translation characteristic and rotational characteristic, the movement of moving-target in greater coasting area is controlled so that the six of moving-target
Error between the motion feature of degree of freedom and the motion feature of the six degree of freedom of interesting target model is less than given threshold.
It should be noted that the sea situation of setting rank can be 1~5 grade, wherein 1 grade of sea situation is ripple or surges and ripple
It exists simultaneously；2 grades of sea situations are that wave very little wave crest starts to rupture, the spray not whitening color and be in glass color；3 grades of sea situations be wave not
Greatly, but very striking, wave crest rupture, some of which place forms the white spray-whitecap；The wave of 4 grades of sea situations has apparent shape
Shape forms whitecap everywhere；5 grades of sea situations are tall and big wave crest occur, and the spray accounts on wave crest that very large area, wind start to prune wave crest
On the spray.
S2：It obtains and the equivalent flight parameter of high rail synthetic aperture radar, wherein the flight parameter includes orientation point
Resolution, range resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, synthetic aperture time and angle of squint.
The acquisition specifically includes following steps with the equivalent flight parameter of high rail synthetic aperture radar：
S201：The movement velocity of high rail synthetic aperture radar is declined into the movement velocity after μ times, as airbome synthetic aperture
The movement velocity of radar, to realize the equivalent of high rail synthetic aperture radar azimuth resolution, wherein μ is that high rail synthesizes hole
The ratio of the operating distance of diameter radar and the operating distance of airborne synthetic aperture radar.
It should be noted that azimuth resolution is equivalent to need high rail synthetic aperture radar and airborne synthetic aperture radar pair
Answer identical visual angle change range.As shown in Fig. 2, at the same time in the sampling interval, high rail synthetic aperture radar wave beam with
The spatial variations angle of airborne synthetic aperture radar wave beam is consistent, that is, meets：
Wherein, R1(ta) and Rplane(ta) it is respectively airborne synthetic aperture radar and high rail synthetic aperture radar, such as GEOSAR
Instantaneous oblique distance, v1(ta) and v2(ta) be respectively airborne synthetic aperture radar and high rail synthetic aperture radar instantaneous velocity, Δ
taFor the corresponding orientation sampling interval.
The difference of airborne synthetic aperture radar and high rail synthetic aperture radar is mainly reflected in the significantly contracting of operating distance
It is short, if being approximately the multiple μ ≈ R of a constant by the two operating distance ratio2(0)/R1(0), then v1(ta)≈v2(ta)/μ,
Also the flying speed of high rail synthetic aperture radar is declined μ times and the equivalent of azimuth resolution can be realized.
S202：By the bandwidth of the radar signal of high rail synthetic aperture radar transmitting, emit as airborne synthetic aperture radar
Radar signal bandwidth, to realize the equivalent of high rail synthetic aperture radar range resolution.
S203：Signal-to-noise ratio based on the high rail synthetic aperture radar condition equal with the signal-to-noise ratio of airborne synthetic aperture radar
Under, airborne synthetic aperture radar is obtained in the emission effciency of setting, operating distance, movement velocity and loss factor
Transmission power and antenna area, to realize the equivalent of high rail synthetic aperture radar signal-to-noise ratio.
It should be noted that known by radar equation, echo-signal scatter energy mainly by antenna area, transmission power,
Moving-target backscattering coefficient and signal propagation losses determine, according to the two oblique distance size, by adjusting airbome synthetic aperture
The antenna area and transmission power size of radar can make air-borne test echo-signal signal-to-noise ratio and high rail synthetic aperture radar
Signal-to-noise ratio is in same level.
Formula (2) the right and left is respectively airborne synthetic aperture radar signal-to-noise ratio and high rail synthetic aperture radar signal-to-noise ratio
Calculation formula, wherein Pav1With Pav2The respectively average emitted power of airborne synthetic aperture radar and high rail synthetic aperture radar,
σ0For the back scattering area of moving-target, ρ is ground resolution, A1With A2Respectively airborne synthetic aperture radar is synthesized with high rail
The antenna area of aperture radar, η1With η2The respectively emission effciency of airborne synthetic aperture radar and high rail synthetic aperture radar, λ
For carrier wavelength, R1With R2The respectively operating distance of airborne synthetic aperture radar and high rail synthetic aperture radar, V1With V2Respectively
For the radar motion speed of airborne synthetic aperture radar and high rail synthetic aperture radar, L1With L2For airborne synthetic aperture radar with
The loss factor of high rail synthetic aperture radar, k are Boltzmann constant；T is the noise temperature of receiver.
S204：The orientation of azimuth resolution and airborne synthetic aperture radar based on high rail synthetic aperture radar is differentiated
Under conditions of rate is equivalent, using the synthetic aperture time of high rail synthetic aperture radar as the synthetic aperture of airborne synthetic aperture radar
Time, to realize the equivalent of high rail synthetic aperture radar synthetic aperture time.
It should be noted that before airborne synthetic aperture radar and high rail synthetic aperture radar azimuth resolution are equivalent
It puts, the synthetic aperture time of the two is also equivalent, that is, is met：
R in formula1With R2The respectively most short oblique distance of airborne synthetic aperture radar and high rail synthetic aperture radar, ρa1With ρa2Point
Not Wei airborne synthetic aperture radar and high rail synthetic aperture radar azimuth resolution, V1With V2Respectively airbome synthetic aperture
The orientation velocity equivalent of radar and high rail synthetic aperture radar.
S205：Angle of squint of the value of high rail synthetic aperture radar angle of squint as airborne synthetic aperture radar is will be greater than, from
And realize the equivalent of high rail synthetic aperture radar angle of squint.
It should be noted that the maximally oblique angle of the high in-orbit imaging of rail synthetic aperture radar is ± 60 °, corresponding strabismus
The largest of about ± 7.6 ° of angle, therefore the angle of squint of airborne synthetic aperture radar is 10 ° in the present embodiment, thus can realize airborne synthesis
Aperture radar and the angle of squint of high rail synthetic aperture radar are equivalent.
S3：Airborne synthetic aperture radar is believed according to the flight parameter to the field emission radar to be observed where moving-target
Number and receives echo-signal.
Referring to Fig. 3, which is moving-target detection field trial schematic diagram of a scenario provided in this embodiment.Referring to Fig. 4, the figure
Field trial helicopter flight conspectus is detected for moving-target provided in this embodiment.It should be noted that airborne synthesis
When aperture radar emits radar signal according to the flight parameter to moving-target, airborne synthetic aperture radar can be mounted on nothing
In the gondola of man-machine, helicopter or dirigible, using the medium-and-large-sized naval vessel near the marine site of island as moving-target, and on island
Upper placement cross reflector array, forms the region to be observed of experiment；Then, it is loaded with the airborne synthetic aperture radar
Unmanned plane, helicopter or dirigible with the height of 2km, with 4~6km of coastline at a distance from, uniform rectilinear flies over above-mentioned to be observed
Region, while emitting radar signal.In addition, echo-signal is recorded by the data logger of airborne synthetic aperture radar.
S4：Constant false alarm rate detection is carried out to the echo-signal, obtains the field testing image of the moving-target.
It can be seen that the present embodiment carry detect field trial method for a kind of high rail synthetic aperture radar moving-target, lead to
The airborne synthetic aperture radar for crossing slower flight enrolls the surface vessel target echo data of long synthetic aperture time, and realizes back
Wave characteristics of signals and high rail synthetic aperture radar are equivalent, to verify the feasible of high rail synthetic aperture radar Ship Target Detection technology
Property provide support.
Certainly, the invention may also have other embodiments, without deviating from the spirit and substance of the present invention, ripe
Various corresponding change and deformations can be made according to the present invention certainly by knowing those skilled in the art, but these it is corresponding change and
Deformation should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of Moving Target with Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar detects field trial method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S1：The simulation moving-target equivalent with the motion feature of the six degree of freedom of interesting target；
S2：It obtains and the equivalent flight parameter of high rail synthetic aperture radar, wherein the flight parameter includes that orientation is differentiated
Rate, range resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, synthetic aperture time and angle of squint；
S3：Airborne synthetic aperture radar according to the flight parameter to the field emission radar signal to be observed where moving-target simultaneously
Receives echo-signal；
S4：Constant false alarm rate detection is carried out to the echo-signal, obtains the field testing image of the moving-target.
2. a kind of Moving Target with Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar as described in claim 1 detects field trial method, which is characterized in that
The interesting target is Ship Target.
3. a kind of Moving Target with Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar as claimed in claim 2 detects field trial method, which is characterized in that
Simulation obtains the moving-target equivalent with the motion feature of the six degree of freedom of interesting target：
It obtains in the true marine site of setting rank sea situation, the translation characteristic and rotational characteristic of interesting target；
According to the translation characteristic and rotational characteristic, the movement of moving-target in true marine site is controlled so that the six of moving-target are freely
Error between the motion feature of degree and the motion feature of the six degree of freedom of interesting target is less than given threshold.
4. a kind of Moving Target with Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar as claimed in claim 2 detects field trial method, which is characterized in that
Simulation obtains the moving-target equivalent with the motion feature of the six degree of freedom of interesting target：
The wave of setting rank is artificially manufactured in greater coasting area, then obtains the translation of the interesting target model in greater coasting area
Characteristic and rotational characteristic；Wherein, the size of interesting target model and the interesting target is at setting ratio；
According to the translation characteristic and rotational characteristic, the movement of moving-target in greater coasting area is controlled so that the six of moving-target are freely
Error between the motion feature of degree and the motion feature of the six degree of freedom of interesting target model is less than given threshold.
5. a kind of Moving Target with Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar as described in claim 1 detects field trial method, which is characterized in that
The acquisition specifically includes following steps with the equivalent flight parameter of high rail synthetic aperture radar：
S201：The movement velocity of high rail synthetic aperture radar is declined into the movement velocity after μ times, as airborne synthetic aperture radar
Movement velocity, to realize the equivalent of high rail synthetic aperture radar azimuth resolution, wherein μ be high rail synthetic aperture thunder
The ratio of the operating distance of the operating distance and airborne synthetic aperture radar that reach；
S202：By the bandwidth of the radar signal of high rail synthetic aperture radar transmitting, the thunder as airborne synthetic aperture radar transmitting
Up to the bandwidth of signal, to realize the equivalent of high rail synthetic aperture radar range resolution；
S203：Under conditions of signal-to-noise ratio based on high rail synthetic aperture radar is equal with the signal-to-noise ratio of airborne synthetic aperture radar,
Hair of the acquisition airborne synthetic aperture radar in the emission effciency of setting, operating distance, movement velocity and loss factor
Power and antenna area are penetrated, to realize the equivalent of high rail synthetic aperture radar signal-to-noise ratio；
S204：The azimuth resolution etc. of azimuth resolution and airborne synthetic aperture radar based on high rail synthetic aperture radar
Under conditions of effect, using the synthetic aperture time of high rail synthetic aperture radar as when the synthetic aperture of airborne synthetic aperture radar
Between, to realize the equivalent of high rail synthetic aperture radar synthetic aperture time；
S205：Angle of squint of the value of high rail synthetic aperture radar angle of squint as airborne synthetic aperture radar is will be greater than, to real
Now high rail synthetic aperture radar angle of squint is equivalent.
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