CN107831475A - A kind of synthetic aperture radar Deceiving interference method based on shadow character - Google Patents

A kind of synthetic aperture radar Deceiving interference method based on shadow character Download PDF

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CN107831475A
CN107831475A CN201711077560.7A CN201711077560A CN107831475A CN 107831475 A CN107831475 A CN 107831475A CN 201711077560 A CN201711077560 A CN 201711077560A CN 107831475 A CN107831475 A CN 107831475A
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radar
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张晓玲
马德娇
范昕玥
党丽薇
赵明明
余檑
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/36—Means for anti-jamming, e.g. ECCM, i.e. electronic counter-counter measures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/38—Jamming means, e.g. producing false echoes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention proposes a kind of synthetic aperture radar Deceiving interference method based on shadow character.The present invention, using the relation of the space line equation of radar system parameters, target surface pixel point coordinates and radar to point of irradiation, extracts target shadow position first according to synthetic aperture radar image-forming method.Then, present invention employs two step method of formation to generate false scene point signal.The first step, the backscattering coefficient of target background, the generation modulation item unrelated with the orientation time are extracted according to false scene information；Second step, according to the orientation time, phase-modulation is carried out to the modulation item generated in the first step and weighted sum obtains false scene signals.The echo that radar receives is the superposition of target echo and false scene signals, then to radar return signal using the imaging algorithm imaging of standard synthetic aperture radar rear orientation projection, so as to generate the false scene similar to target background in the shadow positions of real goal, with background substitution target shadow region, eliminate the shadow character of real goal, real goal is set not have shadow character as false target, differentiation of the interfering with an opponent to real goal and false target, interference have more duplicity and disguise.

Description

A kind of synthetic aperture radar Deceiving interference method based on shadow character
Technical field
The invention belongs to Radar Technology field, and it relate to synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technical field of imaging.
Background technology
From the propositions of SAR concepts till now, by the development of more than 60 years, SAR in civil area and military field Important value is played, SAR image-forming principle determines that SAR image has the irreplaceable advantage of optical imagery.With SAR The continuous improvement of system importance, for SAR Interferenc and anti interference technical research have become present information confrontation in weight Want research topic.In order to which detection of the interfering with an opponent to one's own side's information is, it is necessary to study SAR perturbation technique.
SAR conflicting mode is varied, is broadly divided into pressing type interference, Rebound jamming and Deceiving interference at present. Pressing type interference refers to that emitter launches high power signals, destroys receiver receptivity and is obtained so as to block the information of SAR system Take ability.This method to be mainly characterized by implementation simple, but it is high-power dry to realize that preferable interference effect needs to launch Signal is disturbed, while one's own side's electronic equipment can be had an impact.Rebound jamming is also referred to as scatter-wave jamming, is connect by jammer Radar emission signal is received, then specific region is projected after being modulated, interference echo is formed after Terrain Scattering.Real scene The echo-signal of scattering is received together with the interference echo aliasing after ejection by radar, so as to reach interference purpose.Deception formula Interference refers to that jammer carries out echo modulation according to false scene information, and the echo-signal of simulated target is sent to receiver.Take advantage of It is superposition interference figure picture in true SAR imaging results that formula interference effect, which is deceived, in image area, and radar is difficult to discover and has been subjected to Deceiving interference, so as to influence the reliability of SAR image interpretation.The characteristics of Deceiving interference is that have disguise, disturbs energy Power is stronger, can implement interference in the case of other side is inconspicuous.
So far, related scholar has carried out substantial amounts of research for SAR perturbation techniques, achieves important achievement.2008, Tezel N S et al. have studied and moving-target technology is added in polarization SAR imaging, and disturb required join by echo estimating part Number.Refer to document " Tezel N S, Paker S.Inserting moving targets to polarimetric SAR image by self deception jamming[C].Synthetic Aperture Radar(EUSAR),2008 7th European Conference on.VDE,2008:1-3.”.The human simulation SAR such as National University of Defense technology Huang Hong-xu believe Number and the forwarding that is delayed, reduce the demand to jamming power, but still fall within itself pressing type interference, refer to document " Hong- xu,H.,Yi-yu,Z.,Wen-li,J.,&Zhi-tao,H.(2010,July).A new time-delay echo jamming style to SAR.In Signal Processing Systems(ICSPS),2010 2nd International Conference on(Vol.3,pp.V3-14).IEEE.”.Xian Electronics Science and Technology University's Wang Sheng profits et al. have studied SAR deceptions The principle of formula interference, analyzes interference signal model, but do not provide concrete implementation scheme.Refer to document " Wang Shengli, in It is vertical, Ni Jin squamas, the active deception jamming technique study electronic letters, vols of light justice (2003) synthetic aperture radar, 31 (12), 1900-1902.”.The embodiment of Deceiving interference is had made intensive studies per capita for sea, Gan Rongbing, Wang Jianguo etc., and Analyze the real-time of algorithm.But these methods do not have good interference effect for Area Objects, it is impossible to meet real-time It is required that.Document is referred to " for sea, Wang Xuesong, Xiao Shunping .SAR active decoys the research of cheating interference embodiment [J] space flight Electronic countermeasure, 2007,23 (1):24-27. ", " fast algorithms of Gan Rongbing, the Wang Jianguo to SAR geometry target cheating interference [J] modern radars, 2006,28 (2):40-42,73. ", " Wang Di, Wang Enhong, the military brave .SAR Deceiving interferences signal generation of thunder With Study on real-time performance [J] aerospace electronic warfares, 2007,23 (1):30-33.”." Xu Baomin, Zheng Guangyong, Li Hong are synthesized document Aperture radar active deception jamming simulation analysis [J] Spacecraft TT＆C journals, 2010,29 (3):84-87. " is realized to appearance Target Deceiving interference method, but do not consider the kinematic error of SAR platform.
The characteristics of being imaged according to SAR side views, radar beam can not be irradiated to the subregion in scene, and the region can not produce Raw echo, therefore shadow character be present in SAR image；And Deceiving interference retransmitted jamming signal, it is difficult to be formed around false target Shade.Therefore real goal and false target can be by whether distinguished with shadow character, to reduce interference effect.Pin To this problem, in order to overcome the shortcomings of that there is real goal shade to be easier to be distinguished, interference is set to have more duplicity, it is necessary to study The shadow character of real goal is eliminated, real goal is not had shadow character as false target.
The content of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of synthetic aperture radar Deceiving interference method based on shadow character.Present invention root first According to synthetic aperture radar image-forming method, the sky of radar system parameters, target surface pixel point coordinates and radar to point of irradiation is utilized Between linear equation relation, extract target shadow position.Then, present invention employs two step method of formation to generate false scene point Signal.The first step, the backscattering coefficient of target background is extracted according to false scene information, and generation is unrelated with the orientation time Modulation item；Second step, according to the orientation time, phase-modulation is carried out to the modulation item generated in the first step and weighted sum obtains To false scene signals.The echo that radar receives is the superposition of target echo and false scene signals, and then radar is received Signal is using the imaging algorithm imaging of standard synthetic aperture radar rear orientation projection, so as in the generation of the shadow positions of real goal and mesh The similar false scene of background is marked, with background substitution target shadow region, the shadow character of real goal is eliminated, makes real goal With do not have shadow character as false target, differentiation of the interfering with an opponent to real goal and false target, interference is more cheated Property and disguise.
For convenience of description present disclosure, make following term definition first：
Define 1, synthetic aperture radar (SAR)
Synthetic aperture radar (Synthetic Aperture Radar, SAR) be by distance to transmitting broadband signal Horizontal pulse compression, the mode of orientation construction synthetic aperture of going forward side by side realize two-dimentional high-resolution imaging to ground scene.As one The active probe means of microwave band kind are operated in, compared to optical imagery, SAR has round-the-clock, round-the-clock and certain worn Saturating vegetation and the ability of earth's surface.Simultaneously as the difference of imaging mechanism, SAR imaging resolutions are not influenceed by observed range, tool There are remote, wide swath and high-resolution, therefore, SAR is widely used in the condition of a disaster assessment, resource exploration, geography The numerous areas such as mapping, scouting.
Define 2, standard synthetic aperture radar original echo emulation mode
Standard synthetic aperture radar original echo emulation mode refer to given radar system parameters, platform trajectory parameters and Observe under the Parameter Conditions needed for scenario parameters etc., obtain believing with SAR echoes based on synthetic aperture radar image-forming principles simulation The method of the original echoed signals of number characteristic, detailed content refer to document：" interference SAR echo-signal is ground with system emulation Study carefully ", Zhang Jianqi, Harbin Institute of Technology's Master's thesis.
Define 3, synthetic aperture radar Deceiving interference method
The mode of operation of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) Deceiving interference generally use frequency memory forwarding, jammer pass through intercepting and capturing The signal of SAR system transmitting, is modulated to it, it is included the cheating interference information of false scene, then turned to SAR Hair, so as to reach the purpose of cheating interference.Detailed content refers to document：" synthetic aperture radar cheating interference technique study ", Zhao Bo, Xian Electronics Science and Technology University's thesis for the doctorate.
Define 4, FEKO-electromagnetism computer sim- ulation method
FEKO is a powerful three-dimensional full-wave electromagnetic simulation software, FEKO software supports field, road combined emulation, in FEKO In can directly read the Parameter Files such as S, Z, Y, Spice of circuit, non-radiative circuit network and radiating element are joined together Carry out aggregate analysis.Also, FEKO softwares can use the Electromagnetic Simulation method of standard, emulation radar target surface electromagnetic current. Detailed content about FEKO, detailed content refer to document：" FEKO5.4 electromagnetic field analysis technology is explained in detail with example ", Yan Zhao Text, Soviet Union and Eastern Europe woods etc. is write, and Chinese Water Conservancy water power publishing house publishes.
Define 5, standard synthetic aperture radar rear orientation projection imaging algorithm
Standard synthetic aperture radar rear orientation projection imaging algorithm is the synthetic aperture radar image-forming based on matched filtering principle Algorithm, its mainly by the calculating of SAR scene resolution cells oblique distance, range cell search, original echo Doppler phase compensation, return Wave number realizes the focal imaging of synthetic aperture radar raw radar data according to coherent accumulation etc..Detailed content refers to：It is " bistatic SAR studies with linear array SAR principles and imaging technique ", Shi Jun, University of Electronic Science and Technology's thesis for the doctorate.
Define 6, SAR slow moment and fast moment
Time required for SAR motion platforms fly over an orientation length of synthetic aperture is referred to as slow time, radar system Pulse is received with the transmitting of repetition period of certain time length, thus the slow time can be expressed as one using the pulse repetition period as The time discretization variable of step-length, each of which pulse repetition period discrete-time variable value are a slow moment.The fast moment Refer within a pulse repetition period, time interval variable of the distance to sampled echo signals.Refer to document " synthetic aperture thunder Up to image-forming principle ", skin, which also rings, etc. writes, and publishing house of University of Electronic Science and Technology publishes.
Define 7, Radar Cross Section (RCS)
Radar Cross Section (Radar Cross Section, RCS) refers to the reflection cross section of radar, radar detection Principle be that transmitting electromagnetic wave irradiation is reflected back reception antenna again to body surface, and radar wave is irradiated to body surface according to former road The electromagnetic wave that footpath returns is fewer, and radar cross section is smaller, and for radar to the signal characteristic of target with regard to smaller, detection range is also shorter.
Define the 8, shadow character of SAR image
The characteristics of being imaged due to SAR side views, when some regions are blocked, radar can not almost receive echo, produce Shade.In SAR image, shade shows as the connected region with low gray value, implies many key characters of target, Such as relative position, shape contour, height information.Detailed content refers to：“Jahangir,M.,Blacknell,D., Moate,C.P.,&Hill,R.D.(2007,December).Extracting information from shadows in SAR imagery.In Machine Vision,2007.ICMV 2007.International Conference on (pp.107-112).IEEE.”。
Define 9, two step method of formation
Two step method of formation are a kind of rapid generations of the false scene signals of step-by-step processing, and it is broadly divided into two steps： The first step passes through fast algorithm pre-generatmg Vitua limage：Conjunction of the second step received by the Vitua limage and jammer of pre-generatmg Convolution is carried out into aperture radar signal, and carries out live signal forwarding.False scene echoes signal bag caused by two step method of formation The kinematic error of synthetic aperture radar platform is contained, and then has made enemy radar by motion compensation and synthetic aperture radar image-forming Deception formula falseness scene more true to nature is obtained after processing, ensure that the real-time of false scene generation.Detailed content refers to： " Sun Guangcai, Zhou Feng, Xing Mengdao, wait falsenesses scene SAR Cheat Jamming Techniques and real time analysis [J] Xi'an electronics technology College journal, 2009,36 (5):813-818.”.
Define 10, unit impulse function δ (t)
δΔ(t) it is short pulse of the duration for Δ, and to any Δ value, its area is all 1.With Δ → 0, δΔ (t) become more and more narrow, it is more and more high, but remain unit area.δΔ(t) limiting form is designated as δ (t), referred to as unit Impulse function, i.e.,δ (t) is considered as after Δ becomes infinitesimal, short pulse δΔ(t) a kind of Utopian As a result.Detailed content refers to：" Chen Houjin, Xue Jian, Signals ＆ Systems [M] Beijing is good for recklessly:Higher Education Publishing House, 2007”。
A kind of synthetic aperture radar Deceiving interference method based on shadow character proposed by the present invention, it includes following step Suddenly：
Step 1, initialization radar system parameters
SAR imaging system parameters are initialized, including：Radar carrier wavelength, is designated as λ；Radar platform primary antenna transmission signal Bandwidth, it is designated as B；Radar transmitted pulse time width, is designated as Tr；Radar sampling frequency, is designated as Fs；Radar incidence angle, is designated as θ；Radar arteries and veins Repetition rate is rushed, is designated as PRF；Platform movement velocity vector, is designated as Vr；Radar system distance is designated as N to sampling numberr；Radar System attitude is designated as N to sampling numbera；Radar system antenna initial position, it is designated as P (0)；The aerial spread speed of light, It is designated as c；SAR platform is designated as R to the reference oblique distance of observation scene centerc.In above-mentioned parameter, the signal wave of radar system work Long λ, the signal bandwidth B of radar platform transmitting, the pulse time width T of radar platform transmittingr, radar platform reception system sampling frequency Rate Fs, radar antenna incidence angle θ, radar pulse repetition frequency PRF, had determined during radar system design.
Step 2, the parameter in initialization SAR projection imagings space
The SAR projection imagings space of initialization is ground level coordinate system, and the coordinate system horizontal cross shaft is designated as X-axis, the coordinate It is that horizontal longitudinal axis is designated as Y-axis, the centre coordinate of radar projections imaging space is designated as Pc, the X axis point of radar projections imaging space Unit number is distinguished, is designated as Nx, the Y-axis resolution cell number of radar projections imaging space, it is designated as Ny, the X-axis of radar projections imaging space To areas imaging, W is designated asx, the Y-axis areas imaging of radar projections imaging space, it is designated as Wy, SAR system to projection imaging space Reference oblique distance, be designated as R, SAR projection imagings space uniform divided at equal intervals.
Step 3, Electromagnetic Simulation obtain target in radar incidence angle θ0Under data matrix
Using FEKO electromagnetism computer sim- ulation methods classical in 4 are defined, object module is made, is obtained by discrete pixels point structure Into target three-dimensional surface；The attitude angle of target is designated asInterval between attitude angle is designated as β；As radar incidence angle θ=θ0When, Using FEKO electromagnetism computer sim- ulation methods classical in 4 are defined, radar incidence angle θ=θ is obtained0When target under different attitude angles Data matrix, be designated as：
Wherein, Θ1It is the data matrix that Electromagnetic Simulation obtains, by Θ1Target be can obtain in radar incidence angle θ0Lower surface picture The coordinate and RCS (Radar Cross Section) of vegetarian refreshments：By data matrix Θ1Its dimension can be obtained, is designated as N × U, N is data matrix Θ1Line number, represent target surface pixel number, U is data matrix Θ1Columns；Data matrix Θ1In, The space coordinates of the 1st pixel of target surface is represented, is designated as Represent target surface the 2nd The space coordinates of pixel, is designated asRepresent m-th of pixel of target surface Space coordinates, it is designated asRepresent that the space of target surface n-th pixel is sat Mark, is designated asTarget surface all pixels point is designated as
φ1rRepresent the RCS of the 1st pixel of target surface real part, φ1iRepresent the 1st pixel of target surface RCS imaginary part ... ..., φNrRepresent the RCS of target surface n-th pixel real part, φNiRepresent target surface n-th picture The RCS of vegetarian refreshments imaginary part.
Step 4, the shade coordinate that target projects to ground under radar illumination is calculated, and set the RCS of ground and shade
The initial position of radar uses the initial position in step 1, is designated as P (0)=(x0,y0,z0), target surface pixel Point is designated asWherein PtThere is provided with N value by step 3.According to the three-dimensional space position of target, definition Coordinate of the ground pixel in X-axis and Y-axis：The coordinate of X-axis is designated as xs, the coordinate of Y-axis is designated as ys.Assuming that ground level is 0, mesh Shade coordinate corresponding to marking any one pixel of surface is Ps, it is designated as Ps=(xs,ys, 0), s=1,2 ..., m ... N, its Middle N value is provided by step 3.The RCS of sets target shade, is designated as σ1, the RCS on ground is set, is designated as σ2.Pass through following steps Computational shadowgraph coordinate PsValue.
Step 4-1, the shade coordinate of the 1st pixel of target surface is calculated
To the 1st pixel of target surface, i.e., as s=1, target surface pixelCorresponding to it Shade coordinate Ps=P1=(x1,y1, 0), whereinValue provided by step 3.WillAnd P1Bring space line equation intoIn, obtainSolve ground pixel in X-axis and The coordinate of Y-axis, i.e.,Obtain shade coordinate P1, i.e.,The wherein coordinate of (x, y, z) representation space straight line, (x0,y0,z0) Represent known radar initial position P (0) coordinate in step 1.
Step 4-2, the shade coordinate of m-th of pixel of target surface is calculated
To m-th of pixel of target surface, that is, work as s=m, during m ∈ (1, N), target surface pixelIts corresponding shade coordinate Ps=Pm=(xm,ym, 0), wherein N andValue provided by step 3.WillAnd PmBring space line equation intoIn, obtainSolve Go out coordinate of the ground pixel in X-axis and Y-axis, i.e.,Obtain Shade coordinate Pm, i.e.,Wherein (x, y, z) representation space straight line Coordinate, (x0,y0,z0) represent known radar initial position co-ordinates in step 1.
Step 4-3, the shade coordinate of target surface n-th pixel is calculated
To target surface n-th pixel, i.e., as s=N, target surface pixelIt is corresponding Shade coordinate Ps=PN=(xN,yN, 0), wherein N andValue provided by step 3.WillAnd PNBring space line equation intoIn, obtainGround pixel is solved in X-axis and Y The coordinate of axle, i.e.,Obtain shade coordinate PN, i.e.,The wherein coordinate of (x, y, z) representation space straight line, (x0,y0, z0) represent known radar initial position co-ordinates in step 1.
Step 4-4, target surface all pixels point is traveled through, obtains any one target surface pixel under radar illumination Project to the shadow positions on ground
For any one pixel of target surface, using step 4-1, step 4-2, step 4-3 method calculate, and obtain Any one target surface pixel projects to the shadow positions on ground, i.e. any one pixel of target surface under radar illumination Shade coordinate P corresponding to pointsValue：(xs,ys, 0), s=1,2 ..., m ... N, wherein N value are provided by step 3；
Target surface all pixels point is traveled through, using step 4-1, step 4-2, target is calculated in step 4-3 method Surface all pixels point projects to the shadow positions on ground under radar illumination.
Step 5, jammer obtain radar emission signal
According to the radar system parameters for initializing to obtain in step 1, using the standard synthetic aperture radar deception defined in 3 Formula interference method, jammer obtain radar emission signal, are designated as sj(τ).Wherein, τ represents distance to the time.
Step 6, the false scene signals of generation
False scene signals s is generated using the two step method of formation defined in 9i(τ), is comprised the following steps that：
Step 6-1, the solution modulation item unrelated with the orientation slow time
According to the RCS σ on the ground provided in step 42With shade coordinate (xs,ys, 0), using formulaBe calculated with the slow time t of orientation without The modulation item of pass, is designated as fx(τ), wherein, σ2For the RCS on the ground provided in step 4, sj(τ) is the interference obtained in step 5 The radar emission signal that machine obtains, δ () are to define the unit impulse function in 10, and (x, y) denotation coordination variable, * represents volume Product, ∑ represent summation, and τ represents distance to the time, and c is the aerial spread speed of light, and λ is that initialization obtains in step 1 Radar carrier wavelength, RcTo initialize obtained platform in step 1 to the oblique distance of scene center.
Step 6-2, false scene signals s is generatedi(τ)
According to the modulation item f obtained in step 6-1xShade coordinate (the x obtained in (τ) and step 4s,ys, 0), using public affairs FormulaCalculate, obtain false scene signals, be designated as si(τ).Its In, fx(τ) is the modulation item obtained in step 6-1, and δ () is to define the unit impulse function in 10, and y is the coordinate variable of y-axis, V is platform speed vector VrIn the velocity component of y-axis, obtained by step 1.* be convolution, ∑ is summation, τ represent distance to when Between, t represents the orientation time, and c is the aerial spread speed of light, and λ is the radar carrier wave ripple for initializing to obtain in step 1 It is long, RcTo initialize obtained platform in step 1 to the oblique distance of scene center.
Step 7, obtain by Deceiving interference target
To the false scene signals s obtained in step 6i(τ), using define 2 in standard radar return emulation mode, Obtain being doped with the echo-signal of false scene signals；
Then to echo-signal, using the standard rear orientation projection imaging algorithm imaging defined in 5, obtain being done by deception formula The target image disturbed.After imaging, the false scene similar to target background be present in the shadow positions of target.
The innovative point of the present invention
The characteristics of shade be present for SAR side views imaging, the present invention proposes a kind of synthetic aperture based on shadow character Radar deception formula interference method, this method is using the two step method of formation defined in 9, in the shadow positions generation of real goal and mesh The similar false scene of background is marked, the shadow region of target is substituted with background.The inventive method eliminates the shade of real goal, Real goal is not had shadow character as false target, mix the spurious with the genuine, interfering with an opponent is to real goal and false target Differentiation, interference have more duplicity and disguise.
Advantages of the present invention
The false scene similar to target background is generated by the shadow positions in real goal, true mesh is substituted with background Target shadow region, the shadow character of real goal is eliminated, real goal is not had shadow character as false target, Mix the spurious with the genuine, judgement of the interfering with an opponent to real goal and false target.Interference more disguise and duplicity, can be in other side One's own side's target is protected in the case of not discovering.Present invention could apply to electronic information to resist field.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic process flow diagram of the inventive method.
Embodiment
It is of the invention mainly to be verified that all steps, conclusion are all on Matlab 2015b using the method for emulation experiment Checking is correct.Specific implementation step is as follows：
Step 1, initialization radar system parameters
SAR imaging system parameters are initialized, including：Radar carrier wavelength, is designated as λ=0.01875；Radar platform primary antenna Transmitted signal bandwidth, it is designated as B=1.5 × 108；Radar transmitted pulse time width, is designated as Tr=2.5 × 10-5；Radar sampling frequency, It is designated as Fs=1.8 × 108；Radar incidence angle, is designated as θ=45 °；Radar pulse repetition frequency, it is designated as PRF=3500；Platform moves Velocity, it is designated as Vr=[0,100,0]；Radar system distance is designated as N to sampling numberr=1024；Radar system orientation Sampling number, it is designated as Na=1024；Radar system antenna initial position, it is designated as P (0)=[- 6000,0,6000]；Light is in air In spread speed, be designated as c；SAR platform is designated as R to the reference oblique distance of observation scene centerc。
Step 2, the parameter in initialization SAR projection imagings space
The SAR projection imagings space of initialization is ground level coordinate system, and the coordinate system horizontal cross shaft is designated as X-axis, the coordinate It is that horizontal longitudinal axis is designated as Y-axis, the centre coordinate of radar projections imaging space is designated as Pc=[0,0,0], radar projections imaging space X axis resolution cell number, be designated as Nx=100, the Y-axis resolution cell number of radar projections imaging space, it is designated as Ny=100, thunder Up to the X axis areas imaging in projection imaging space, W is designated asx=200, the Y-axis areas imaging of radar projections imaging space, note For Wy=200, the reference oblique distance of SAR system to projection imaging space, R=16970 is designated as, by SAR projection imaging space uniforms Divided at equal intervals.
Step 3, Electromagnetic Simulation obtain data matrix of the target under 45 ° of radar incidence angle
Using FEKO electromagnetism computer sim- ulation methods classical in 4 are defined, object module is made, is obtained by discrete pixels point structure Into target three-dimensional surface, the attitude angle of target is designated asInterval between attitude angle is designated as β=1 °, uses step Parameter in rapid 1, when 45 ° of radar incidence angle θ=, using FEKO electromagnetism computer sim- ulation methods classical in 4 are defined, obtain mesh The data matrix being marked under 45 ° of radar incidence angle, is designated as：
Wherein, Θ1It is the data matrix that Electromagnetic Simulation obtains, by Θ1It can obtain picture of the target under 45 ° of radar incidence angle Vegetarian refreshments coordinate and Radar Cross Section (RCS)：Data matrix Θ1Dimension be N × U, N represents the number of target surface pixel Mesh, U=4 represent data matrix Θ1Columns, xt=-26, -25 ... -27, yt=-11, -11 ... -12, zt=30,30 ... 30, represent the space coordinates of target pixel points, φkr=-4.5,2.7 ..., 6.7, represent target RCS real parts, φki=-5.9, 6.9 ..., -3.31, target RCS imaginary parts are represented, wherein, xt,yt,zt,φkr,φki∈ R, k=1,2 ..., N, R are real number, and N is Natural number.
Step 4, calculating target project to the shade coordinate on ground under radar illumination, and set the RCS of ground and shade
The initial position of radar uses initial position P (0)=[- 6000,0,6000] in step 1, target surface pixel The position of point is xt=1.5,3.2,7.9 ..., yt=0.5,2.8,5.4 ..., zt=0.78,2.35,3.86 ..., setting The RCS of target shadow is σ1=0, the RCS on ground is set as σ2=50.According to the three-dimensional space position of target, ground pixel is defined Coordinate of the point in X-axis and Y-axis：The coordinate of X-axis is designated as xs, the coordinate of Y-axis is designated as ys.Assuming that ground level is 0, target surface is appointed Shade coordinate corresponding to a pixel of anticipating is Ps, it is designated as Ps=(xs,ys, 0), pass through following steps computational shadowgraph coordinate Ps's Value.
By shade coordinate PsBring space line equation intoWherein x0=1.1,1.3, 2.8 ..., y0=3.5,6.9,10.16 ..., z0=2.56,3.79,9.85 ..., x0∈R,y0∈R,z0∈ R, target surface Pixel point coordinates xt=1.5,3.2,7.9 ..., yt=0.5,2.8,5.4 ..., zt=0.78,2.35,3.86 ..., calculate Go out straight line and the intersecting point coordinate on ground, xs=2.2,5.7,8.8 ..., ys=6.5,3.8,2.6 ..., as target is in radar illumination Under project to the shadow positions on ground.
Step 5, jammer obtain radar emission signal
According to the radar system parameters for initializing to obtain in step 1, using the standard synthetic aperture radar deception defined in 3 Formula interference method, jammer obtain radar emission signal, are designated as sj(τ).Wherein, τ represents distance to the time.
Step 6, the false scene signals of generation
False scene signals are generated using the two step method of formation defined in 9.
Step 6-1, the solution modulation item unrelated with the orientation slow time
According to the RCS σ on the ground provided in step 42With shade coordinate (xs,ys, 0), using formulaIt is calculated and the slow time t of orientation Unrelated modulation item, is designated as fx(τ), wherein, σ2For the RCS on the ground provided in step 4, sj(τ) is dry for what is obtained in step 5 The radar emission signal of machine acquisition is disturbed, δ () is to define the unit impulse function in 10, and (x, y) denotation coordination variable, * represents volume Product, ∑ represent summation, and τ represents distance to the time, and c is the aerial spread speed of light, and λ is that initialization obtains in step 1 Radar carrier wavelength, RcTo initialize obtained platform in step 1 to the oblique distance of scene center.
Step 6-2, false scene signals s is generatedi(τ)
According to the modulation item f obtained in step 6-1xShade coordinate (the x obtained in (τ) and step 4s,ys, 0), using public affairs FormulaCalculate, obtain false scene signals, be designated as si(τ).Its In, fx(τ) is the modulation item obtained in the first step, and δ () is to define the unit impulse function in 10, y denotation coordination variables, and v is Platform speed vector VrIn the velocity component of y-axis, understand to be 100m/s by step 1.* it is convolution, ∑ is summation, and τ represents distance To the time, t represents the orientation time, and c is the aerial spread speed of light, and λ is the radar carrier wave for initializing to obtain in step 1 Wavelength, RcTo initialize obtained platform in step 1 to the oblique distance of scene center.
Step 7, obtain by Deceiving interference target
To the false scene signals s obtained in step 6i(τ), using define 2 in standard radar return emulation mode, Obtain being doped with the echo-signal of false scene signals；
Then to echo-signal, using the standard rear orientation projection imaging algorithm imaging defined in 5, obtain being done by deception formula The target image disturbed.After imaging, the false scene similar to target background be present in the shadow positions of real goal.

Claims (1)

  1. A kind of 1. synthetic aperture radar Deceiving interference method based on shadow character, it is characterized in that it comprises the following steps：
    Step 1, initialization radar system parameters
    SAR imaging system parameters are initialized, including：Radar carrier wavelength, is designated as λ；Radar platform primary antenna transmitted signal bandwidth, It is designated as B；Radar transmitted pulse time width, is designated as Tr；Radar sampling frequency, is designated as Fs；Radar incidence angle, is designated as θ；Radar pulse weight Complex frequency, it is designated as PRF；Platform movement velocity vector, is designated as Vr；Radar system distance is designated as N to sampling numberr；Radar system Orientation sampling number, is designated as Na；Radar system antenna initial position, it is designated as P (0)；The aerial spread speed of light, is designated as c；SAR platform is designated as R to the reference oblique distance of observation scene centerc；In above-mentioned parameter, the signal wavelength lambda of radar system work, Signal bandwidth B, the pulse time width T of radar platform transmitting of radar platform transmittingr, radar platform reception system sample frequency Fs、 Radar antenna incidence angle θ, radar pulse repetition frequency PRF, have determined during radar system design；
    Step 2, the parameter in initialization SAR projection imagings space
    The SAR projection imagings space of initialization is ground level coordinate system, and the coordinate system horizontal cross shaft is designated as X-axis, the coordinate system water The flat longitudinal axis is designated as Y-axis, and the centre coordinate of radar projections imaging space is designated as Pc, the X axis resolution list of radar projections imaging space First number, is designated as Nx, the Y-axis resolution cell number of radar projections imaging space, it is designated as Ny, the X axis of radar projections imaging space into As scope, W is designated asx, the Y-axis areas imaging of radar projections imaging space, it is designated as Wy, ginseng of the SAR system to projection imaging space Oblique distance is examined, is designated as R, SAR projection imagings space uniform is divided at equal intervals；
    Step 3, Electromagnetic Simulation obtain target in radar incidence angle θ0Under data matrix
    Using the FEKO electromagnetism computer sim- ulation methods of classics, object module is made, obtains being stood by the target that discrete pixels point is formed Body surface face；The attitude angle of target is designated asInterval between attitude angle is designated as β；As radar incidence angle θ=θ0When, using classics FEKO electromagnetism computer sim- ulation methods, obtain radar incidence angle θ=θ0When data matrix of the target under different attitude angles, be designated as：
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;Theta;</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfenced open = "[" close = "]"> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </msub> </mtd> <mtd> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </msub> </mtd> <mtd> <msub> <mi>z</mi> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </msub> </mtd> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;phi;</mi> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>i&amp;phi;</mi> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </msub> </mtd> <mtd> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </msub> </mtd> <mtd> <msub> <mi>z</mi> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </msub> </mtd> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;phi;</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>i&amp;phi;</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> </msub> </mtd> <mtd> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> </msub> </mtd> <mtd> <msub> <mi>z</mi> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> </msub> </mtd> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;phi;</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>i&amp;phi;</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mi>N</mi> </msub> </msub> </mtd> <mtd> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mi>N</mi> </msub> </msub> </mtd> <mtd> <msub> <mi>z</mi> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mi>N</mi> </msub> </msub> </mtd> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;phi;</mi> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>i&amp;phi;</mi> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> </mrow>
    Wherein, Θ1It is the data matrix that Electromagnetic Simulation obtains, by Θ1Target be can obtain in radar incidence angle θ0Lower surface pixel Coordinate and Radar Cross Section RCS：By data matrix Θ1Its dimension can be obtained, is designated as N × U, N is data matrix Θ1Row Number, the number of target surface pixel is represented, U is data matrix Θ1Columns；Data matrix Θ1In,Represent target The space coordinates of the 1st pixel in surface, is designated asRepresent the 2nd pixel of target surface Space coordinates, it is designated asThe space coordinates of m-th of pixel of target surface is represented, It is designated asThe space coordinates of target surface n-th pixel is represented, is designated asTarget surface all pixels point is designated as
    φ1rRepresent the RCS of the 1st pixel of target surface real part, φ1iRepresent the RCS of the 1st pixel of target surface void Portion ... ..., φNrRepresent the RCS of target surface n-th pixel real part, φNiRepresent target surface n-th pixel RCS imaginary part；
    Step 4, calculating target project to the shade coordinate on ground under radar illumination, and set the RCS of ground and shade
    The initial position of radar uses the initial position in step 1, is designated as P (0)=(x0,y0,z0), target surface pixel note ForWherein PtThere is provided with N value by step 3；According to the three-dimensional space position of target, ground is defined Coordinate of the pixel in X-axis and Y-axis：The coordinate of X-axis is designated as xs, the coordinate of Y-axis is designated as ys；Assuming that ground level is 0, object table Shade coordinate corresponding to any one pixel of face is Ps, it is designated as Ps=(xs,ys, 0), s=1,2 ..., m ... N's, wherein N Value is provided by step 3；The RCS of sets target shade, is designated as σ1, the RCS on ground is set, is designated as σ2；Calculated by following steps cloudy Shadow coordinate PsValue；
    Step 4-1, the shade coordinate of the 1st pixel of target surface is calculated
    To the 1st pixel of target surface, i.e., as s=1, target surface pixelIts corresponding shade Coordinate Ps=P1=(x1,y1, 0), whereinValue provided by step 3；WillAnd P1Bring space line equation intoIn, obtainGround pixel is solved in X-axis and Y The coordinate of axle, i.e.,Obtain shade coordinate P1, i.e.,The wherein coordinate of (x, y, z) representation space straight line, (x0,y0,z0) Represent known radar initial position P (0) coordinate in step 1；
    Step 4-2, the shade coordinate of m-th of pixel of target surface is calculated
    To m-th of pixel of target surface, that is, work as s=m, during m ∈ (1, N), target surface pixelIts Corresponding shade coordinate Ps=Pm=(xm,ym, 0), wherein N andValue provided by step 3；WillAnd PmBring space line into EquationIn, obtainGround pixel is solved in X-axis With the coordinate of Y-axis, i.e.,Obtain shade coordinate Pm, i.e.,The wherein coordinate of (x, y, z) representation space straight line, (x0,y0, z0) represent known radar initial position co-ordinates in step 1；
    Step 4-3, the shade coordinate of target surface n-th pixel is calculated
    To target surface n-th pixel, i.e., as s=N, target surface pixelIt is cloudy corresponding to it Shadow coordinate Ps=PN=(xN,yN, 0), wherein N andValue provided by step 3；WillAnd PNBring space line equation intoObtainGround pixel is solved in X-axis and Y The coordinate of axle, i.e.,Obtain shade coordinate PN, i.e.,The wherein coordinate of (x, y, z) representation space straight line, (x0,y0, z0) represent known radar initial position co-ordinates in step 1；
    Step 4-4, target surface all pixels point is traveled through, any one target surface pixel is obtained and is projected under radar illumination To the shadow positions on ground
    For any one pixel of target surface, using step 4-1, step 4-2, step 4-3 method calculate, and obtain any One target surface pixel projects to the shadow positions on ground, i.e. any one pixel pair of target surface under radar illumination The shade coordinate P answeredsValue：(xs,ys, 0), s=1,2 ..., m ... N, wherein N value are provided by step 3；
    Target surface all pixels point is traveled through, using step 4-1, step 4-2, target surface is calculated in step 4-3 method All pixels point projects to the shadow positions on ground under radar illumination；
    Step 5, jammer obtain radar emission signal
    According to the radar system parameters for initializing to obtain in step 1, using standard synthetic aperture radar deception formula interference method, do Disturb machine and obtain radar emission signal, be designated as sj(τ)；Wherein, τ represents distance to the time；
    Step 6, the false scene signals of generation
    False scene signals s is generated using two traditional step method of formationi(τ), is comprised the following steps that：
    Step 6-1, the solution modulation item unrelated with the orientation slow time
    According to the RCS σ on the ground provided in step 42With shade coordinate (xs,ys, 0), using formulaBe calculated with the slow time t of orientation without The modulation item of pass, is designated as fx(τ), wherein, σ2For the RCS on the ground provided in step 4, sj(τ) is the interference obtained in step 5 The radar emission signal that machine obtains, δ () are to define the unit impulse function in 10, and (x, y) denotation coordination variable, * represents volume Product, ∑ represent summation, and τ represents distance to the time, and c is the aerial spread speed of light, and λ is that initialization obtains in step 1 Radar carrier wavelength, RcTo initialize obtained platform in step 1 to the oblique distance of scene center；
    Step 6-2, false scene signals s is generatedi(τ)
    According to the modulation item f obtained in step 6-1xShade coordinate (the x obtained in (τ) and step 4s,ys, 0), using formulaCalculate, obtain false scene signals, be designated as si(τ)；Wherein, fx(τ) is the modulation item obtained in step 6-1, and δ () is to define the unit impulse function in 10, and y is the coordinate variable of y-axis, and v is Platform speed vector VrIn the velocity component of y-axis, obtained by step 1；* it is convolution, ∑ is summation, and τ represents distance to time, t The orientation time is represented, c be the aerial spread speed of light, and λ is initializes obtained radar carrier wavelength, R in step 1c To initialize obtained platform in step 1 to the oblique distance of scene center；
    Step 7, obtain by Deceiving interference target
    To the false scene signals s obtained in step 6i(τ), using the radar return emulation mode of standard, obtain being doped with falseness The echo-signal of scene signals；
    Then to echo-signal, using rear orientation projection's imaging algorithm imaging of standard, the target figure by Deceiving interference is obtained Picture；After imaging, the false scene similar to target background be present in the shadow positions of target.
CN201711077560.7A 2017-11-06 2017-11-06 A kind of synthetic aperture radar Deceiving interference method based on shadow character Pending CN107831475A (en)

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