CN108469381A - Brittleness soft rock is circumferential to press loading device, soft rock sampler and sampling method - Google Patents
Brittleness soft rock is circumferential to press loading device, soft rock sampler and sampling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108469381A CN108469381A CN201810253130.4A CN201810253130A CN108469381A CN 108469381 A CN108469381 A CN 108469381A CN 201810253130 A CN201810253130 A CN 201810253130A CN 108469381 A CN108469381 A CN 108469381A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of brittleness soft rock is circumferential to press loading device, the loading device to include bottom plate, longitudinal baffle, lateral partitions, the soft capsule of elasticity load, load power;It is characterized in that:The longitudinal baffle, lateral partitions are 2 pieces and are mutually connected vertically enclosing one quadrangle cavity of composition, and the quadrangle cavity is mounted on bottom plate;It is mounted on an elasticity in each piece of longitudinal baffle, lateral partitions and loads soft capsule, each elasticity loads soft capsule by pipeline and load be connected by power.The present invention applies confining pressure by hydraulic pressure to irregular test block, soft capsule and its flexible cushion on surface are loaded by elasticity, eliminate the puzzlement brought by test block surface out-of-flatness and surface defect, realize the uniform pressurization of irregular test block surface, it in this way can not only realize that rock test block sample in the case where not causing test block stress raisers is completely fixed, and the development of test block internal crack when sample drills through can be constrained, the intensity of brittleness soft rock test block is improved, and then improves standard sample and drills through rate.It is high to have the characteristics that easy to operate, adaptable and standard sample drills through rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses a kind of circumferential pressure loading device of brittleness soft rock, soft rock sampler and sampling methods;Especially
It is related to sampler and sampling method that a kind of circumferential direction of the irregular soft rock of brittleness presses loading device, the irregular soft rock of brittleness,
Belong to Rock Mechanics Test field
Technical background
Soft rock is widely present in nature, and mechanical property Quality Research is to China's hydraulic engineering, mineral engineering, road and bridge
The healthy and rapid development in the infrastructures such as engineering and resource exploitation field has great importance.The mechanics of laboratory research soft rock
It is carrier that property, which needs the sample (generally φ 50mm × 100mm) of standard,.Cylindrical specimens are added due to that can eliminate testing machine
The shape effect of sample when load and be widely used in Rock Mechanics Test.The standard sample of current processing soft rock is usually adopted
The mode drilled through is taken, the irregular rock test block obtained in engineering site survey region is transported to laboratory, by rock test block
It is placed under the drill bit (internal diameter φ 50mm) of drilling machine, rock test block is fixed and is drilled through with iron plate or angle iron joint bolt
Run through to test block, then take out rock core, and rock core is intercepted and polished.This mode that drills through of hard rock can be obtained very well
Effect, but for soft rock especially brittleness soft rock, due to its matter is soft, strong brittleness and it is frangible the features such as, in fixed test block
Larger pretightning force cannot be applied, and position is being drilled through due to stronger stress concentration during processing, easily cause to try
The cracking of block destroys, it is difficult to obtain ideal cylindrical specimens, has seriously affected brittleness soft rock mechanics Quality Research.In addition,
Due to the often out-of-flatness and there are numerous defects of irregular soft rock test block surface, traditional fixing means easily causes
The fixation of sample is insecure during sample drills through, and then leads to the fracture for drilling through sample, even if drilling out the examination of appropriate length
Sample, also receive inside sample it is frequent stretch and compression, lead to the variation of sample mechanical property, to the result of experiment generate compared with
It is big to influence, constrain the development in Soft Rock Engineering field.
So far there are no be directed to the irregular soft rock of brittleness reliable sampling device and method, and this have become this field there is an urgent need for
The technical barrier of solution.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiency of the prior art and provide a kind of brittleness soft rock it is circumferential press loading device,
Soft rock sampler and sampling method.
It includes bottom plate (7), longitudinal baffle that a kind of brittleness soft rock of the present invention, which circumferentially presses loading device, the loading device,
(5), lateral partitions (4), elasticity load soft capsule (13), load power (9);The longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions (4) are 2
Block and be mutually connected vertically enclosing constitute a quadrangle cavity, the quadrangle cavity be mounted on bottom plate (7) on;It is indulged at each piece
It is mounted on an elasticity in partition board (5), lateral partitions (4) and loads soft capsule (13), it is logical that each elasticity loads soft capsule (13)
Piping is connect with load power (9).
A kind of brittleness soft rock of the present invention circumferentially presses loading device, the positioning that the bottom plate (7) is equipped with square crossing to slide
Slot (8), positioning runner (8) cross section are inverted " t " font, and the first bolt (11), the second spiral shell are installed in positioning runner (8)
Bolt (6), the bottom of longitudinal baffle (5) are bolted with first, and the bottom of lateral partitions (4) is connect with the second bolt (6), are realized
The positioning of longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions (4) on bottom plate (7).A kind of brittleness soft rock of the present invention circumferentially presses loading device,
The longitudinal chute (2) intersected in length and breadth and horizontal concrete chute (3) are equipped on longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions (4), it is described longitudinal sliding
Slot (2) and horizontal concrete chute (3) cross section are inverted " t " font, and longitudinal chute (2), horizontal concrete chute are installed with third spiral shell respectively in (3)
Bolt (12), the 4th bolt (10), the third bolt (12) being installed in longitudinal chute (2) connect with lateral partitions (4), are installed on
The 4th bolt (10) in horizontal concrete chute (3) is connect with longitudinal baffle (5), is realized between longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions (4)
Positioning;
Longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions (4) pass through third bolt (12), the 4th bolt (10) sliding slot along longitudinal direction respectively
(2), horizontal concrete chute (3) is slided or is slided along positioning runner (8) by the first bolt (9), the second bolt (6), to adjust four sides
Shape cavity cavity volume.
A kind of brittleness soft rock of the present invention circumferentially presses loading device, longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions to be respectively set on (4)
There are at least 4 longitudinal chutes (2), at least 2 horizontal concrete chutes (3) are respectively arranged on longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions (4).
A kind of brittleness soft rock of the present invention circumferentially presses loading device, in each piece of longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions (4)
It is respectively mounted and loads soft capsule (13) there are one elastic;The elasticity loads soft capsule (13) and passes through the "T"-shaped positioning column card that is arranged thereon
It is mutually located with longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions (4) in longitudinal chute (2), horizontal concrete chute (3);And tune can be passed through
Position adjustment elasticity of the whole "T"-shaped positioning column in longitudinal chute (2), horizontal concrete chute (3) loads the position of soft capsule (13), with suitable
The brittleness soft rock test block to be loaded of different volumes, shape is answered, realizes that pressure circumferential to the test block of brittleness soft rock loads.
It is hydraulic device, in particular to hydraulic pressure that a kind of brittleness soft rock of the present invention, which circumferentially presses loading device, load power (9),
Oil pump.
A kind of brittleness soft rock of the present invention circumferentially presses loading device, longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions to be respectively equipped on (4)
Through-hole, the pipeline being connect with load power (9) pass through through-hole to load soft capsule (13) with elasticity and are tightly connected.
A kind of circumferential pressure load sampler of brittleness soft rock, the sampler include the circumferential pressure load of brittleness soft rock
Device, drilling machine (1), the circumferential pressure loading device of the brittleness soft rock are placed on drilling machine (1) workbench.
A kind of circumferential pressure load sampling method of brittleness soft rock, includes the following steps:
The first step:The circumferential pressure loading device of brittleness soft rock is placed on drilling machine (1) workbench, according to brittleness soft rock test block
Size, adjustment longitudinal baffle (5), the relative position of lateral partitions (4) and "T"-shaped positioning column are in longitudinal chute (2), cross
Position into sliding slot (3) makes four elasticity of the setting in longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions (4) load soft capsule (13) and encloses
At the room for accommodating brittleness soft rock test block;
Second step:Brittleness soft rock test block is placed in room, start-up loading power (9) loads soft capsule (13) to four elasticity
It loads simultaneously, realizes effective clamping to brittleness soft rock test block;
Third walks:Load is completed, and is started drilling machine (1) and is drilled through sample to brittleness soft rock test block.
A kind of circumferential pressure load sampling method of brittleness soft rock of the present invention, load power (9) load soft capsule to four elasticity
(13) when while loading, loaded load is determined by following principle:
It is unloaded after being loaded at least 3 minutes to brittleness soft rock test block, the maximum after unloading in brittleness soft rock test block three-dimensional dimension
Loaded load when elastic deformation amount≤2mm;Or
Brittleness soft rock intensity of test block is measured using point load tests method, control loaded load is less than or equal to brittleness soft rock test block
The 30% of intensity.
A kind of circumferential pressure load sampling method of brittleness soft rock of the present invention, when load, in the test block of brittleness soft rock and elasticity plus
It carries and places flexible pad, the one kind of the flexible pad in natural rubber, sponge etc. between soft capsule (13).
Principle and advantage
The irregular soft rock processing criterion sample of a kind of brittleness that the present invention is provided for the irregular soft rock test block feature of brittleness
Pressure loading device, which applies confining pressure to irregular test block by hydraulic pressure, passes through elasticity and load soft capsule (13) and its table
The flexible cushion in face eliminates the puzzlement brought by test block surface out-of-flatness and surface defect, realizes the week of irregular test block surface
To uniform pressurization, being completely fixed for rock test block can not only be realized in this way, will not cause test block stress raisers, Er Qiezhou
To uniform pressurization so that sample is in triaxial stress state when drilling through, while can also inhibit the extension in crack, improves brittleness
The integral strength of soft rock test block reduces the development trend of test block internal crack when sample drills through, to improve standard sample
Drill through rate.It is emphasized that circumferential pressure is no more than the 30% of intensity of test block so that test block is in elastic range, not to boring
The mechanical property of the sample taken has an impact;The examination of processing various sizes size is realized by adjusting positive partition board and lateral partition board
Block;It slides and prohibits in longitudinal chute (2), horizontal concrete chute (3) by adjusting the "T"-shaped positioning column on the soft capsule (13) of elasticity load
It plugs with molten metal, realizes that elasticity loads the adjusting of the height and the width of soft capsule (13), and then realize the brittleness soft rock test block for adapting to different height.
It is high to have the characteristics that easy to operate, adaptable and standard sample drills through rate.
The present invention applies confining pressure by hydraulic pressure to irregular test block, by can contracting formula hydraulic pressure bag and its surface flexible pad
Layer eliminates the puzzlement brought by test block surface out-of-flatness and surface defect, realizes the uniform pressurization of irregular test block surface, in this way
It can not only realize that rock test block sample in the case where not causing test block stress raisers is completely fixed, and can be about
The development of beam test block internal crack when sample drills through improves the intensity of brittleness soft rock test block, and then improves the brill of standard sample
Take rate.It is emphasized that circumferential pressure is no more than the 30% of intensity of test block so that test block is in elastic range, not to drilling through
The mechanical property of sample have an impact;The examination of processing various sizes size is realized by adjusting positive partition board and lateral partition board
Block;By adjust can be on contracting formula hydraulic pressure bag rotatable bolt along the sliding of the translot or vertical slot of positive partition board and lateral diaphragm internal
With confinement, realize can contracting formula hydraulic pressure bag height and the width adjusting, and then realize adapt to different height brittleness soft rock test block.
It is high to have the characteristics that easy to operate, adaptable and standard sample drills through rate.It is applicable not only to the irregular soft rock of brittleness, to other
Rock stands good, and can be used as the standing device that laboratory rock core drills through.
Description of the drawings
1 brittleness soft rock of the present invention of attached drawing is circumferential to press loading device structural schematic diagram.
Attached drawing 2 is that elasticity loads soft capsule structural schematic diagram in attached drawing 1.
Attached drawing 3 is longitudinal baffle, lateral partitions front view in attached drawing 1.
Attached drawing 4 is the vertical view of attached drawing 3.
Attached drawing 5 is the circumferential pressure load sampler structural schematic diagram of brittleness soft rock of the present invention.
In figure:1--- drilling machines, 4--- lateral partitions, 5--- longitudinal baffles, 7--- bottom plates, 13--- elasticity load soft capsule.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
Participate in attached drawing 1,2,3,4, a kind of brittleness soft rock circumferentially presses loading device, the loading device include bottom plate (7),
Longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions (4), elasticity load soft capsule (13), load power (9);The longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions
(4) it is 2 pieces and is mutually connected vertically enclosing one quadrangle cavity of composition, the quadrangle cavity is mounted on bottom plate (7);
It is mounted on an elasticity on each piece of longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions (4) and loads soft capsule (13), each elasticity loads soft capsule
(13) it is connect with load power (9) by pipeline;
The bottom plate (7) is equipped with the positioning runner (8) of square crossing, and positioning runner (8) cross section is inverted " t " word
Shape, the first bolt (11), the second bolt (6) are installed in positioning runner (8), and bottom and the first bolt of longitudinal baffle (5) connect
It connects, the bottom of lateral partitions (4) is connect with the second bolt (6), realizes longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions (4) on bottom plate (7)
Positioning.A kind of brittleness soft rock of the present invention circumferentially presses loading device, longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions to be equipped in length and breadth on (4)
The longitudinal chute (2) and horizontal concrete chute (3) of intersection, the longitudinal chute (2) and horizontal concrete chute (3) cross section are inverted " t " font,
Third bolt (12), the 4th bolt (10) are installed in longitudinal chute (2), horizontal concrete chute (3) respectively, is installed on longitudinal chute
(2) the third bolt (12) in is connect with lateral partitions (4), the 4th bolt (10) being installed in horizontal concrete chute (3) and longitudinal direction
Partition board (5) connects, and realizes the positioning between longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions (4);
Longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions (4) pass through third bolt (12), the 4th bolt (10) sliding slot along longitudinal direction respectively
(2), horizontal concrete chute (3) is slided or is slided along positioning runner (8) by the first bolt (11), the second bolt (6), to adjust four sides
Shape cavity cavity volume;
Be respectively arranged with 4 longitudinal chutes (2) on longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions (4), longitudinal baffle (5), laterally every
2 horizontal concrete chutes (3) are respectively arranged on plate (4);
It is respectively mounted in each piece of longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions (4) and loads soft capsule (13) there are one elastic;The bullet
Property the soft capsule (13) of load by the "T"-shaped positioning column (14) being arranged thereon be installed in longitudinal chute (2), horizontal concrete chute (3) with
Longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions (4) are mutually located;And it can be by adjusting "T"-shaped positioning column in longitudinal chute (2), transverse direction
Position adjustment elasticity in sliding slot (3) loads the position of soft capsule (13), soft with the brittleness to be loaded for adapting to different volumes, shape
Rock realizes that pressure circumferential to brittleness soft rock loads;
Longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions are respectively equipped with through-hole on (4), and the pipeline being connect with load power (9) passes through through-hole
Soft capsule (13) is loaded with elasticity to be tightly connected;
In the present embodiment, load power (9) is hydraulic oil pump.
Embodiment 2
Attached drawing 5 is participated in, a kind of circumferential pressure load sampler of brittleness soft rock, the sampler includes embodiment 1
Brittleness soft rock circumferentially presses loading device, drilling machine (1), the circumferential pressure loading device of the brittleness soft rock to be placed in drilling machine (1) work
On platform.
Embodiment 3
Referring to attached drawing 1,2,3,4,5, a kind of circumferential pressure load sampling method of brittleness soft rock, brittleness soft rock test block is soft
Coal;Test block is that irregular shape size is about 50 × 35 × 30cm;Use point load tests method measurement obtain intensity of test block for
13Mp, in the present embodiment, control loaded load is 3Mp.
Sampling includes the following steps:
The first step:The circumferential pressure loading device of brittleness soft rock is placed on drilling machine (1) workbench, according to brittleness soft rock size
Size, adjustment longitudinal baffle (5), the relative position of lateral partitions (4) and "T"-shaped positioning column are slided in longitudinal chute (2), laterally
Position in slot (3), so that four elasticity load soft capsules (13) of the setting in longitudinal baffle (5), lateral partitions (4) is enclosed can
For housing the room of brittleness soft rock;
Second step:Brittleness soft rock test block is placed in room, between the test block of brittleness soft rock and elasticity load soft capsule (13)
Flexible rubber pad is placed, starts four soft capsules (13) of elasticity load of hydraulic oil pump pair and loads simultaneously, loaded load 3Mp is realized
Effective clamping to brittleness soft rock test block;
Third walks:Load is completed, and is started drilling machine (1) and is drilled through sample to brittleness soft rock, primary success, the cylinder sample drilled through
Length is 220mm, and specimen surface is without newborn crackle, and sample circumferential deformation is 1.8mm, and specimen surface is smooth straight along longitudinal direction
Line meets requirement of experiment.
Embodiment 4
A kind of circumferential pressure load sampling method of brittleness soft rock, brittleness soft rock test block is Sandy Silt;Test block size about 60
×40×25cm;Different loads are applied to 5 brittleness soft rock test blocks, load unloads after five minutes, after unloading, selects brittleness soft rock
Loaded loads of the loaded load 4Mp as the present embodiment when maximum flexibility deflection≤2mm in test block three-dimensional dimension.
The present embodiment is identical as the concrete operations of embodiment 3, equally disposably obtains qualified sample;The cylinder sample drilled through
Length is 190mm, and specimen surface is without newborn crackle, and sample circumferential deformation is 2.1mm, and specimen surface is smooth straight along longitudinal direction
Line meets requirement of experiment.
Comparative example
When inventor is sampled coal sample, due to coal sample in brittleness and matter it is soft, sample, drill bit are directly drilled through using drilling machine
Soon close to test block, the whole notable crack for passing through drill bit, or even whole fracture are occurred as soon as in test block, cannot get qualification substantially
Sample, inventor have carried out the work that drills through in three days, have only drilled through a cylinder of the height less than 30mm.
By comparing known to embodiment 3, more than 4 comparative examples:The present invention can not only keep test block integrality with it is fixed
On the basis of improve the intensity of soft rock test block, and the extension in crack can be inhibited, that improves cylindrical specimens drills through length in turn
It improves standard sample and drills through rate.
Claims (10)
1. it includes bottom plate, longitudinal baffle, lateral partitions, bullet that a kind of brittleness soft rock, which circumferentially presses loading device, the loading device,
Property load soft capsule, load power;It is characterized in that:The longitudinal baffle, lateral partitions are 2 pieces and are mutually connected vertically enclosing
A quadrangle cavity is constituted, the quadrangle cavity is mounted on bottom plate;It is respectively mounted in each piece of longitudinal baffle, lateral partitions
There is an elasticity to load soft capsule, each elasticity loads soft capsule by pipeline and load be connected by power.
2. a kind of brittleness soft rock according to claim 1 circumferentially presses loading device, it is characterised in that:It is set on the bottom plate
Have a positioning runner of square crossing, the positioning runner cross section is inverted " t " font, be installed in positioning runner the first bolt,
Second bolt, the bottom of longitudinal baffle are bolted with first, and the bottom of lateral partitions is bolted with second, realize it is longitudinal every
The positioning of plate, lateral partitions on bottom plate.
3. a kind of brittleness soft rock according to claim 1 circumferentially presses loading device, it is characterised in that:Longitudinal baffle, cross
The longitudinal chute intersected in length and breadth and horizontal concrete chute are equipped on partition board, the longitudinal chute and horizontal concrete chute cross section are to fall
It is T-shaped, third bolt, the 4th bolt, the third being installed in longitudinal chute are installed in longitudinal chute, horizontal concrete chute respectively
Bolt is connect with lateral partitions, and the 4th bolt being installed in horizontal concrete chute is connect with longitudinal baffle, realizes longitudinal baffle, transverse direction
Positioning between partition board.
4. a kind of brittleness soft rock according to claim 1 circumferentially presses loading device, it is characterised in that:Longitudinal baffle, cross
It is respectively arranged at least 4 longitudinal chutes on partition board, at least 2 are respectively arranged on longitudinal baffle, lateral partitions and is laterally slided
Slot.
5. a kind of brittleness soft rock according to claim 1 circumferentially presses loading device, it is characterised in that:Each piece of longitudinal direction
It is respectively mounted on partition board, lateral partitions and loads soft capsule there are one elastic;It is "T"-shaped fixed by what is be arranged thereon that the elasticity loads soft capsule
Position column is installed in longitudinal chute, horizontal concrete chute to be mutually located with longitudinal baffle, lateral partitions;And it can be by adjusting " T "
Position adjustment elasticity of the shape positioning column in longitudinal chute, horizontal concrete chute loads the position of soft capsule, to adapt to different volumes, shape
Brittleness soft rock to be loaded, realize that pressure circumferential to brittleness soft rock loads.
6. a kind of brittleness soft rock according to claim 1-5 any one circumferentially presses loading device, it is characterised in that:Add
Load power is hydraulic device.
7. a kind of circumferential pressure load sampler of brittleness soft rock, the sampler includes brittleness soft rock described in claim 6
It is circumferential that loading device, drilling machine, the circumferential pressure loading device of the brittleness soft rock is pressed to be placed on drill bench.
8. a kind of circumferential pressure load sampling method of brittleness soft rock, includes the following steps:
The first step:The circumferential pressure loading device of brittleness soft rock is placed on drill bench, according to brittleness soft rock size, is adjusted
The position in longitudinal chute, horizontal concrete chute of relative position and "T"-shaped positioning column of whole longitudinal baffle, lateral partitions, makes to set
Four in longitudinal baffle, lateral partitions soft capsules of elasticity load are set to enclose for housing the room of brittleness soft rock;
Second step:Brittleness soft rock test block is placed in room, four elasticity of start-up loading power pair load soft capsule and load simultaneously, real
Now to effective clamping of brittleness soft rock test block;
Third walks:Load is completed, and is started drilling machine and is drilled through sample to brittleness soft rock test block.
9. a kind of circumferential pressure load sampling method of brittleness soft rock according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:Load power
When loading soft capsule to four elasticity while loading, loaded load is determined by following principle:
It is unloaded after being loaded at least 3 minutes to brittleness soft rock test block, the maximum flexibility after unloading in brittleness soft rock test block three-dimensional dimension
Loaded load when deflection≤2mm;Or
Brittleness soft rock intensity of test block is measured using point load tests method, control loaded load is less than or equal to brittleness soft rock intensity of test block
30%.
10. a kind of circumferential pressure load sampling method of brittleness soft rock according to claim 9, when load, in brittleness soft rock
Test block and elasticity place flexible pad, the one kind of the flexible pad in natural rubber, sponge between loading soft capsule.
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CN116242654A (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2023-06-09 | 沂源县东里自然资源管理所 | Shale sampling equipment and shale sampling method |
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