Microbial sewage treatment method adopting activated sludge to inoculate flora
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a microbial sewage treatment method adopting activated sludge to inoculate a flora.
Background
The sewage mainly comprises domestic sewage and industrial wastewater. Among water pollution caused by human production activities, water pollution caused by industry is the most serious. For example, industrial wastewater contains many pollutants and complex components, and is not only difficult to purify in water, but also difficult to treat. Industrial wastewater is the most important cause of water body pollution caused by industrial pollution. It accounts for a large portion of the pollutants discharged by industry. The pollutants contained in the industrial wastewater vary widely according to different types of plants, and even if the same type of plants have different production processes, the quality and the quantity of the pollutants contained in the industrial wastewater are different. In addition to the pollution caused by the direct injection of the discharged wastewater into the water body, the industry also pollutes the water body by solid waste and waste gas. Domestic sewage is sewage generated in the human life process and is one of main pollution sources of water. Mainly feces and washing sewage. The daily discharge amount of domestic sewage of each person in the city is 150-400L, and the amount of the domestic sewage is closely related to the living standard. The domestic sewage contains a large amount of organic matters, such as cellulose, starch, saccharides, fat protein and the like; also frequently contain pathogenic bacteria, viruses and parasite eggs; chlorides, sulfates, phosphates, bicarbonates, and sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and the like, of inorganic salts. The general characteristics are high content of nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus, and difficult post-treatment. People need to protect water resources, the Chinese situation is special, the occupied amount of the water resources is small, and the space distribution is unbalanced. With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization in China, the gap of water resource requirements is increasing day by day. Under the background, the sewage treatment industry becomes a new industry, and is in the same important position as the tap water production, water supply, drainage and reclaimed water reuse industries at present; ammonia nitrogen is an important pollutant causing water eutrophication and environmental pollution, and is one of the main pollutants in almost all polluted water areas in China at present. The eutrophication of water body has already endangered a plurality of industries such as agriculture, fishery, tourism and the like, and also has great threat to the drinking water sanitation and food safety. Water body pollution, particularly water body eutrophication, has become an important influence factor for economic development in China. Industrial sewage often contains high-concentration ammonia nitrogen, which is one of the main sources of ammonia nitrogen in sewage. Therefore, how to remove ammonia nitrogen from industrial sewage becomes an important problem in the industrial sewage treatment at present.
At present, the existing sewage treatment method comprises a biochemical method and an incineration method, wherein the biochemical method usually adopts a simple filtering mode, and the mode has a simple equipment structure, but the filtering effect is not obvious; high-end reverse osmosis technology is also adopted, but pressure needs to be applied, so that the equipment structure is complex and the practicability is not strong; incineration easily produces harmful gases to pollute the air, and in sewage structures, it is also very difficult to treat sewage components therein.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a microbial sewage treatment method adopting activated sludge inoculation flora aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a microbial sewage treatment method adopting activated sludge inoculated flora comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing an adsorbent:
adding 3-4 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol 400 into deionized water 13-20 times the weight of the polyethylene glycol, stirring for 4-10 minutes at 50-60 ℃, adding 1-2 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and stirring to normal temperature to obtain a pore-foaming agent solution;
adding 40-50 parts by weight of ethyl orthosilicate into deionized water with the weight being 20-30 times of that of the ethyl orthosilicate, dropwise adding ammonia water with the concentration being 10-12% under the stirring condition, adjusting the pH value to be 11-12, adding the pore-foaming agent solution, and stirring and reacting for 4-5 hours to obtain a sol water solution;
adding 30-36 parts by weight of carbon powder into isopropanol of which the weight is 10-15 times that of the carbon powder, uniformly stirring, adding 3-4 parts by weight of trimethylolpropane, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at 75-80 ℃ for 10-15 minutes, adding into the sol water solution, stirring for reaction for 1-2 hours, filtering, washing a precipitate with water, drying at 90-95 ℃ for 1-2 hours in vacuum, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the adsorbent;
(2) preparing a microbial nutrient:
mixing potato 2-3 weight parts, sugar residue 0.1-0.2 weight parts, and bean dregs 0.3-0.4 weight parts, boiling in water, boiling for 25-30 min, filtering, and mashing the precipitate into paste;
taking 1-2 parts by weight of straws, adding the straws into a sodium sulfite solution with the concentration of 1-1.3%, soaking for 2-3 hours, discharging, washing with water, drying and grinding into fine powder;
mixing the treated raw materials, adding urea accounting for 10-15% of the weight of the mixture, and uniformly stirring to obtain the microbial nutrient;
(3) preparing a carrier:
calcining 130 parts by weight of 100-fold diatomite at 800 ℃ under 750-fold condition for 1-2 hours, cooling, grinding into fine powder, mixing with 6-9 parts by weight of ethyl cellulose, adding 3-4 times of absolute ethyl alcohol by weight of the mixture, uniformly stirring, feeding into a reaction kettle, adding 1-2 parts by weight of silane coupling agent Kh560, adjusting the temperature of the reaction kettle to 65-70 ℃, keeping the temperature and stirring for 2-3 hours, discharging, distilling to remove the ethyl alcohol, and drying at normal temperature to obtain the carrier;
(4) pretreatment of sewage:
firstly, sewage is subjected to solid-liquid separation through a solid-liquid separator to remove large solid particle substances, then the liquid enters a sedimentation tank to be precipitated for 10-15 hours, and then the liquid passes through a round hole filter screen to remove solid flocculates;
(5) and (3) microorganism immobilization:
mixing the carrier and the adsorbent, feeding the mixture into a reactor, keeping the temperature at 60-65 ℃ and stirring the mixture for 4-5 hours, adding 50-60 parts by weight of activated sludge, introducing the pretreated sewage, adjusting the pH value to 7-8, adding the microbial nutrient, and aerating until the microbial load reaches more than 20 g/l;
(6) discharging the liquid after the microorganism is fixed, continuously introducing the pretreated sewage, aerating, and taking a water sample at regular time for determination.
The substitution degree of the ethyl cellulose is 2.5-2.6.
The method for measuring the water sample comprises the steps of measuring the content of ammonia nitrogen by adopting a Nashin reagent photometry method and measuring COD by adopting a potassium dichromate method.
The invention has the advantages that:
the adsorbent disclosed by the invention takes polyethylene glycol and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate as pore-forming agents and ethyl orthosilicate as a precursor to form sol with a microporous structure, the sol is combined with carbon powder, so that the adsorbent not only has a good surface adsorption effect, but also can play a good fixing effect on microorganisms due to the fact that the sol can form a gel material in water, and a good promoting effect on maintaining the content of the microorganisms in sewage treatment is achieved;
the sewage treatment method has the advantages of high activity of microorganisms, good adaptability, strong degradation capability, high biochemical degradation speed, high treatment efficiency and good water quality after treatment.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A microbial sewage treatment method adopting activated sludge inoculated flora comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing an adsorbent:
adding 3 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol 400 into deionized water 13 times the weight of the polyethylene glycol 400, stirring for 4 minutes at 50 ℃, adding 1 part by weight of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and stirring to normal temperature to obtain a pore-foaming agent solution;
adding 40 parts by weight of ethyl orthosilicate into deionized water with the weight being 20 times of that of the ethyl orthosilicate, dropwise adding 10% ammonia water under the stirring condition, adjusting the pH to 11, adding the pore-forming agent solution, and stirring for reacting for 4 hours to obtain a sol water solution;
adding 30 parts by weight of carbon powder into isopropanol which is 10 times of the weight of the carbon powder, uniformly stirring, adding 3 parts by weight of trimethylolpropane, performing ultrasonic treatment at 75 ℃ for 10 minutes, adding the mixture into the sol water solution, stirring and reacting for 1 hour, filtering, washing the precipitate with water, drying for 1 hour at 90 ℃ in vacuum, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the adsorbent;
(2) preparing a microbial nutrient:
mixing 2 weight parts of potato, 0.1 weight part of sugar residue and 0.3 weight part of bean dregs, adding water, boiling, keeping boiling for 25 minutes, filtering, and mashing the precipitate into mud;
taking 1 part by weight of straws, adding the straws into a sodium sulfite solution with the concentration of 1 percent, soaking for 2 hours, discharging, washing with water, drying and grinding into fine powder;
mixing the treated raw materials, adding urea which accounts for 10% of the weight of the mixture, and uniformly stirring to obtain the microbial nutrient;
(3) preparing a carrier:
calcining 100 parts by weight of diatomite at 750 ℃ for 1 hour, cooling, grinding into fine powder, mixing with 6 parts by weight of ethyl cellulose, adding absolute ethyl alcohol which is 3 times of the weight of the mixture, uniformly stirring, feeding into a reaction kettle, adding 1 part by weight of silane coupling agent Kh560, adjusting the temperature of the reaction kettle to 65 ℃, preserving heat, stirring for 2 hours, discharging, distilling to remove ethanol, and drying at normal temperature to obtain the carrier;
(4) pretreatment of sewage:
firstly, sewage is subjected to solid-liquid separation through a solid-liquid separator to remove large solid particle substances, then the liquid enters a sedimentation tank to be precipitated for 10 hours, and then the liquid passes through a round hole filter screen to remove solid flocculates;
(5) and (3) microorganism immobilization:
mixing the carrier and the adsorbent, feeding the mixture into a reactor, keeping the temperature at 60 ℃ and stirring the mixture for 4 hours, adding 50 parts by weight of activated sludge, introducing the pretreated sewage, adjusting the pH to 7, adding the microbial nutrient, and aerating until the microbial load reaches 21 g/l;
(6) discharging the liquid after the microorganism is fixed, continuously introducing the pretreated sewage, aerating, and taking a water sample at regular time for determination.
The COD of the sewage in the embodiment is measured by a potassium dichromate method, the average value of the initial COD is 4165mg/l, and after the sewage is treated by the method, the average value of the COD is 60.1 mg/l.
The ammonia nitrogen content of the sewage in the embodiment is measured by adopting a Nashin reagent photometry, the average value of the initial ammonia nitrogen content is 505mg/l, and the average value of the ammonia nitrogen content is 0.24mg/l after the sewage is treated by the method.
Example 2
A microbial sewage treatment method adopting activated sludge inoculated flora comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing an adsorbent:
adding 4 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol 400 into deionized water with the weight being 20 times of that of the polyethylene glycol 400, stirring for 10 minutes at the temperature of 60 ℃, adding 2 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and stirring to normal temperature to obtain a pore-foaming agent solution;
adding 50 parts by weight of ethyl orthosilicate into deionized water 30 times the weight of the ethyl orthosilicate, dropwise adding 12% ammonia water under the stirring condition, adjusting the pH to 12, adding the pore-forming agent solution, and stirring for reacting for 5 hours to obtain a sol water solution;
adding 36 parts by weight of carbon powder into isopropanol which is 15 times of the weight of the carbon powder, uniformly stirring, adding 4 parts by weight of trimethylolpropane, performing ultrasonic treatment at 80 ℃ for 15 minutes, adding the mixture into the sol water solution, stirring and reacting for 2 hours, filtering, washing precipitates, drying for 2 hours at a vacuum temperature of 95 ℃, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the adsorbent;
(2) preparing a microbial nutrient:
mixing 3 weight parts of potato, 0.2 weight part of sugar residue and 0.4 weight part of bean dregs, adding water, boiling, keeping boiling for 30 minutes, filtering, and mashing the precipitate into mud;
taking 2 parts by weight of straws, adding the straws into a sodium sulfite solution with the concentration of 1.3%, soaking for 3 hours, discharging, washing with water, drying and grinding into fine powder;
mixing the treated raw materials, adding urea accounting for 15% of the weight of the mixture, and uniformly stirring to obtain the microbial nutrient;
(3) preparing a carrier:
calcining 130 parts by weight of diatomite at 800 ℃ for 2 hours, cooling, grinding into fine powder, mixing with 9 parts by weight of ethyl cellulose, adding absolute ethyl alcohol which is 4 times of the weight of the mixture, uniformly stirring, feeding into a reaction kettle, adding 2 parts by weight of silane coupling agent Kh560, adjusting the temperature of the reaction kettle to 70 ℃, preserving heat, stirring for 3 hours, discharging, distilling to remove ethanol, and drying at normal temperature to obtain the carrier;
(4) pretreatment of sewage:
firstly, sewage is subjected to solid-liquid separation through a solid-liquid separator to remove large solid particle substances, then the liquid enters a sedimentation tank to be precipitated for 15 hours, and then the liquid passes through a round hole filter screen to remove solid flocculates;
(5) and (3) microorganism immobilization:
mixing the carrier and the adsorbent, feeding the mixture into a reactor, keeping the temperature at 65 ℃ and stirring the mixture for 5 hours, adding 60 parts by weight of activated sludge, introducing the pretreated sewage, adjusting the pH to 8, adding the microbial nutrient, and aerating until the microbial load reaches 31 g/l;
(6) discharging the liquid after the microorganism is fixed, continuously introducing the pretreated sewage, aerating, and taking a water sample at regular time for determination.
The COD of the sewage in the embodiment is measured by a potassium dichromate method, the average value of the initial COD is 4165mg/l, and after the sewage is treated by the method, the average value of the COD is 50.4 mg/l.
The ammonia nitrogen content of the sewage in the embodiment is measured by adopting a Nashin reagent photometry, the average value of the initial ammonia nitrogen content is 505mg/l, and the average value of the ammonia nitrogen content is 0.21mg/l after the sewage is treated by the method.