CN108458888B - Performance testing device for low-temperature heat exchanger with temperature range below K - Google Patents
Performance testing device for low-temperature heat exchanger with temperature range below K Download PDFInfo
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- CN108458888B CN108458888B CN201810126528.1A CN201810126528A CN108458888B CN 108458888 B CN108458888 B CN 108458888B CN 201810126528 A CN201810126528 A CN 201810126528A CN 108458888 B CN108458888 B CN 108458888B
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Abstract
performance test device for low temperature heat exchanger in temperature zone below 20K, including compressor, expansion refrigeration unit, low temperature heat exchanger group in temperature zone above 20K, low temperature heat exchanger in temperature zone below 20K to be tested , low temperature heat exchanger in temperature zone below 20K to be tested second, throttle valve, liquid helium Dewar, flowmeter, second flowmeter, four temperature sensors and four pressure sensors, compared with the traditional performance test method of heat exchanger using water as medium, the performance test device for low temperature heat exchanger in temperature zone below 20K can directly test the performance of low temperature heat exchanger at 20K working temperature, so as to obtain the most direct flow and heat exchange coefficient, and provide direct data support for the design method and technical parameters of low temperature heat exchanger in temperature zone, and supplement the deficiency of the existing heat exchanger design software.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of low-temperature devices, in particular to a performance testing device for low-temperature heat exchangers in temperature areas below K.
Background
The working temperature zones of the heat exchangers in a helium temperature zone refrigerator and a liquefier are from 300K to 4.5K, the span is very large, but the calculation formulas (correlation formulas) adopted by the current design and calculation are the same, the current test on the performance of the heat exchanger adopts water as a working medium, a side runner is hot water, another side runner is cold water, and the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger is estimated by measuring the flow rate and the inlet and outlet temperature of the cold water and the hot water.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, it is necessary to provide kinds of performance testing devices for low-temperature heat exchangers in a temperature range of below 20K.
performance test devices for low-temperature heat exchangers in temperature regions below 20K comprise a compressor, an expansion refrigeration unit, a low-temperature heat exchanger group in temperature regions above 20K, a low-temperature heat exchanger in temperature regions below 20K to be tested at the , a low-temperature heat exchanger in temperature regions below 20K to be tested at the second, a throttle valve, a liquid helium dewar, a th flowmeter, a second flowmeter, seven temperature sensors and seven pressure sensors;
the high-pressure outlet of the compressor is communicated with the high-pressure inlet of the above 20K temperature area low-temperature heat exchanger group, the high-pressure outlet of the above 20K temperature area low-temperature heat exchanger group is communicated with the high-pressure inlet of the below 20K temperature area low-temperature heat exchanger to be detected , the high-pressure outlet of the below 20K temperature area low-temperature heat exchanger to be detected is communicated with the high-pressure inlet of the below 20K temperature area low-temperature heat exchanger to be detected second, the high-pressure outlet of the below 20K temperature area low-temperature heat exchanger to be detected second is communicated with the inlet of the throttle valve, the outlet of the throttle valve is communicated with the inlet of the liquid helium dewar, the gas outlet of the liquid helium dewar is communicated with the low-pressure inlet of the below 20K temperature area low-temperature heat exchanger to be detected second, the low-pressure outlet of the below 20K temperature area low-temperature heat exchanger to be detected second is communicated with the low-pressure inlet of the below 20K temperature area low-temperature heat exchanger group to be detected , the below 20K temperature area low-pressure outlet of the below 20;
the high-pressure outlet of the compressor is also communicated with the inlet of the expansion refrigerating unit, and the outlet of the expansion refrigerating unit is communicated with the low-pressure inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger of the temperature area below 20K to be measured at ;
the flow meter is arranged at the high-pressure inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger group in the temperature range of more than 20K, and the second flow meter is arranged at the inlet of the expansion refrigerating unit;
the seven temperature sensors are respectively arranged at a high-pressure inlet, a high-pressure outlet, a low-pressure inlet and a low-pressure outlet of the -th temperature zone low-temperature heat exchanger to be measured below 20K and at a high-pressure outlet, a low-pressure inlet and a low-pressure outlet of the second temperature zone low-temperature heat exchanger to be measured below 20K;
the seven pressure sensors are respectively arranged at a high-pressure inlet, a high-pressure outlet, a low-pressure inlet and a low-pressure outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger of the temperature area below 20K to be measured and at a high-pressure outlet, a low-pressure inlet and a low-pressure outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger of the temperature area below 20K to be measured.
In embodiments, the expansion refrigeration unit includes a -stage expansion refrigeration machine and a two-stage expansion refrigeration machine connected in series, a high-pressure outlet of the compressor is communicated with an inlet of the -stage expansion refrigeration machine, an outlet of the -stage expansion refrigeration machine is communicated with an inlet of the two-stage expansion refrigeration machine, and an outlet of the two-stage expansion refrigeration machine is communicated with a low-pressure inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger in a temperature range of 20K or less to be measured at .
In embodiments, further comprising a pressure stabilization device, the pressure stabilization device and the compressor connected in parallel.
In embodiments, the expansion refrigeration unit, the low-temperature heat exchanger group in the temperature zone above 20K, the low-temperature heat exchanger in the temperature zone below 20K to be tested at the th position, the low-temperature heat exchanger in the temperature zone below 20K to be tested at the second position, and the throttle valve are all arranged in the cold box.
In embodiments, the cold box is a vacuum cold box.
In order to evaluate a design method of a low-temperature heat exchanger of a temperature area below 20K to be tested, the performance test device of the low-temperature heat exchanger of the temperature area below 20K is adopted, so that an actual fluid environment of the temperature area below 20K can be provided for the low-temperature heat exchanger of the temperature area below 20K to be tested below and the low-temperature heat exchanger of the temperature area below 20K to be tested below the second temperature area below 20K, and then flow, temperature and pressure measurement equipment is adopted to measure inlet and outlet parameters of each fluid of the low-temperature heat exchanger of the temperature area below 20K to be tested below and the low-temperature heat exchanger of the temperature area below 20K to be tested below the second temperature area below 20K to be.
Compared with the traditional heat exchanger performance testing method adopting water as a medium, the performance testing device for the low-temperature heat exchanger with the temperature zone below 20K can directly test the performance of the low-temperature heat exchanger at the working temperature below 20K, so that the most direct flowing and heat exchange coefficients can be obtained, direct data support can be provided for the design method and technical parameters of the low-temperature heat exchanger with the temperature zone below 20K, and the defects of plate-fin heat exchanger design software can be filled.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a performance testing device of a low-temperature heat exchanger with a temperature range of below 20K in an embodiment of .
Detailed Description
For purposes of making the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a performance testing apparatus 100 of a low-temperature heat exchanger with a temperature range below 20K of embodiment includes a compressor 10, a low-temperature heat exchanger group 20 with a temperature range above 20K, a low-temperature heat exchanger group 30 with a temperature range below 20K to be tested , a low-temperature heat exchanger 35 with a temperature range below 20K to be tested, a throttle valve 40, a liquid helium dewar 50, an expansion refrigeration unit, a flowmeter 72, a second flowmeter 74, seven temperature sensors, and seven pressure sensors, a high-pressure outlet of the compressor 10 is communicated with a high-pressure inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger group 20 with a temperature range above 20K, a high-pressure outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger group 20 with a high-pressure inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger group 30 with a temperature range below 20K to be tested at , a high-pressure inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger group 30 with a temperature range below 20K to be tested at , a high-pressure outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger group 30 below 20K to be tested at is communicated with a high-pressure inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger group 35 below 20K to be tested at the second temperature range below 20K, a high-temperature outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger group 35 is communicated with an inlet of the throttle valve 40 at the throttle valve 40, an outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger group 20K is communicated with an inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger group 20K to be tested at 20K, an inlet of the.
The high-pressure outlet of the compressor 10 is also communicated with the inlet of the expansion refrigerating unit, the outlet of the expansion refrigerating unit is communicated with the low-pressure inlet of the -th temperature-zone low-temperature heat exchanger 30 to be tested below 20K, part of high-pressure helium gas flowing out of the high-pressure outlet of the compressor 10 enters the temperature-zone low-temperature heat exchanger group 20 above 20K, part of high-pressure helium gas enters the expansion refrigerating unit, and the outlet of the expansion refrigerating unit is connected with the low-pressure inlet of the temperature-zone low-temperature heat exchanger group 30 below 20K after being merged with the low-pressure outlet of the temperature-.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the expansion refrigeration unit comprises stages of expansion refrigeration machines 62 and 64 which are connected in series, wherein a high-pressure outlet of the compressor 10 is communicated with an inlet of the stage of expansion refrigeration machine 62, an outlet of the stage of expansion refrigeration machine 62 is communicated with an inlet of the second stage of expansion refrigeration machine 64, and an outlet of the second stage of expansion refrigeration machine 64 is communicated with a low-pressure inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger 30 in the temperature range below 20K to be measured at .
The -th flowmeter 72 is arranged at the high-pressure inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger group 20 in the temperature range above 20K, and the second flowmeter 74 is arranged at the inlet of the expansion refrigeration unit.
The seven temperature sensors are respectively arranged at a high-pressure inlet, a high-pressure outlet, a low-pressure inlet and a low-pressure outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger 30 of the temperature area below 20K to be measured at and at the high-pressure outlet, the low-pressure inlet and the low-pressure outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger 35 of the temperature area below 20K to be measured at the second.
The seven pressure sensors are respectively arranged at a high-pressure inlet, a high-pressure outlet, a low-pressure inlet and a low-pressure outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger 30 of the temperature area below 20K to be measured at and at the high-pressure outlet, the low-pressure inlet and the low-pressure outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger 35 of the temperature area below 20K to be measured at the second.
The performance testing device 100 for the low-temperature heat exchanger in the temperature region below 20K further comprises a pressure stabilizing device 90, and the pressure stabilizing device 90 is connected with the compressor 10 in parallel. The high and low pressure of the test apparatus 100 can be stabilized using the pressure stabilizing device 90.
According to the performance testing device 100 for the low-temperature heat exchanger with the temperature range below 20K, the expansion refrigeration unit, the low-temperature heat exchanger group 20 with the temperature range above 20K, the low-temperature heat exchanger 30 with the temperature range below 20K to be tested at , the low-temperature heat exchanger 35 with the temperature range below 20K to be tested at the second and the throttle valve 40 are all low-temperature components which are all arranged in the cold box 95 to reduce heat leakage, the cold box 95 is a vacuum cold box, and in the step , the outer side of the vacuum cold box is wrapped in a multi-layer vacuum.
According to the performance testing device 100 for the low-temperature heat exchanger in the temperature range below 20K, the compressor 10 supplies high-pressure normal-temperature helium gas through a high-pressure pipeline, part of the high-pressure normal-temperature helium gas passes through the -stage expansion refrigerator 62 and the two-stage expansion refrigerator 64, the high-pressure gas is expanded and reduced in pressure to generate enthalpy drop, refrigerating capacity is obtained, the refrigerated helium gas flows into the low-pressure inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger 30 in the temperature range below 20K to be tested , the other part of the high-pressure normal-temperature helium gas passes through the low-temperature heat exchanger group 20 in the temperature range above 20K to be cooled by the returned cold helium gas, then the cold helium gas sequentially enters the low-temperature heat exchanger 30 in the temperature range below 20K to be tested and the low-temperature heat exchanger 35 in the temperature range below 20K to be tested to be continuously cooled by the returned cold helium gas, then is throttled by the throttle valve 40 to generate a saturated gas-liquid gas mixture of helium and enters the liquid helium dewar 50, the liquid helium exists in the liquid helium dewar 50, the low-temperature.
In order to analyze the heat transfer and flow properties of the low-temperature-zone heat exchanger 30 below the 20K to be measured and the low-temperature-zone heat exchanger 30 below the 20K to be measured, a second flow meter 74 is arranged at the inlet of the secondary expansion refrigerator 62, which are used to measure the total amount of helium U entering the vacuum cooling box 95, and the amount of helium entering the secondary expansion refrigerator 72 is arranged at the high-pressure inlet of the low-temperature-zone heat exchanger 30 below the 20K to be measured, a T thermometer 81, a P pressure gauge 82 is arranged at the high-pressure outlet of the low-temperature-zone heat exchanger 30 below the 20K to be measured, a T thermometer 83, a P pressure gauge 84 is arranged at the low-pressure inlet of the low-pressure-zone heat exchanger, a T thermometer 85, a P pressure gauge 86 is arranged at the low-pressure outlet of the low-pressure-zone heat exchanger, and a T thermometer 87, a P pressure gauge 88 are arranged at the low-pressure outlet of the low-temperature-zone heat exchanger 30 below the 20K to be measured, wherein the difference between U and the T, P.
The performance testing device 100 for the low-temperature heat exchanger in the temperature range below 20K, the low-temperature heat exchanger 30 in the temperature range below 20K to be tested at and the low-temperature heat exchanger 35 in the temperature range below 20K to be tested at the second temperature range below 20K are both elements to be tested and elements for realizing a refrigeration process, and the whole testing device 100 can provide an actual fluid testing environment in the temperature range below 20K for the low-temperature heat exchanger 30 in the temperature range below 20K to be tested at and the low-temperature heat exchanger 35 in the temperature range below 20K to be tested at the second temperature range.
Compared with the traditional heat exchanger performance testing method adopting water as a medium, the performance testing device 100 for the low-temperature heat exchanger with the temperature range below 20K can directly test the performance of the low-temperature heat exchanger at the working temperature below 20K, so that the most direct flowing and heat exchange coefficients can be obtained, direct data support can be provided for the design method and technical parameters of the low-temperature heat exchanger with the temperature range below 20K, and the defects of commercial software design can be overcome.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
- The performance test device for the low-temperature heat exchanger of the temperature area below 20K of 1, types comprises a compressor, an expansion refrigerating unit, a low-temperature heat exchanger group of the temperature area above 20K, a temperature sensor group and a pressure sensor group, and is characterized in that the test device further comprises a low-temperature heat exchanger of the temperature area below 20K to be tested at , a low-temperature heat exchanger of the temperature area below 20K to be tested at the second, a throttle valve, a liquid helium Dewar, a flow meter and a second flow meter, wherein the temperature sensor group comprises seven temperature sensors, and the pressure sensor group comprises seven pressure sensors;the high-pressure outlet of the compressor is communicated with the high-pressure inlet of the above 20K temperature area low-temperature heat exchanger group, the high-pressure outlet of the above 20K temperature area low-temperature heat exchanger group is communicated with the high-pressure inlet of the below 20K temperature area low-temperature heat exchanger to be detected , the high-pressure outlet of the below 20K temperature area low-temperature heat exchanger to be detected is communicated with the high-pressure inlet of the below 20K temperature area low-temperature heat exchanger to be detected second, the high-pressure outlet of the below 20K temperature area low-temperature heat exchanger to be detected second is communicated with the inlet of the throttle valve, the outlet of the throttle valve is communicated with the inlet of the liquid helium dewar, the gas outlet of the liquid helium dewar is communicated with the low-pressure inlet of the below 20K temperature area low-temperature heat exchanger to be detected second, the low-pressure outlet of the below 20K temperature area low-temperature heat exchanger to be detected second is communicated with the low-pressure inlet of the below 20K temperature area low-temperature heat exchanger group to be detected , the below 20K temperature area low-pressure outlet of the below 20;the high-pressure outlet of the compressor is also communicated with the inlet of the expansion refrigerating unit, and the outlet of the expansion refrigerating unit is communicated with the low-pressure inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger of the temperature area below 20K to be measured at ;the flow meter is arranged at the high-pressure inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger group in the temperature range of more than 20K, and the second flow meter is arranged at the inlet of the expansion refrigerating unit;the seven temperature sensors are respectively arranged at a high-pressure inlet, a high-pressure outlet, a low-pressure inlet and a low-pressure outlet of the -th temperature zone low-temperature heat exchanger to be measured below 20K and at a high-pressure outlet, a low-pressure inlet and a low-pressure outlet of the second temperature zone low-temperature heat exchanger to be measured below 20K;the seven pressure sensors are respectively arranged at a high-pressure inlet, a high-pressure outlet, a low-pressure inlet and a low-pressure outlet of the -th temperature area low-temperature heat exchanger to be measured below 20K and at a high-pressure outlet, a low-pressure inlet and a low-pressure outlet of the second temperature area low-temperature heat exchanger to be measured below 20K.
- 2. The device for testing the performance of the cryogenic heat exchanger with the temperature range below 20K according to claim 1, wherein the expansion refrigeration unit comprises -stage expansion refrigeration machines and a two-stage expansion refrigeration machine which are connected in series, a high-pressure outlet of the compressor is communicated with an inlet of the -stage expansion refrigeration machine, an outlet of the -stage expansion refrigeration machine is communicated with an inlet of the two-stage expansion refrigeration machine, and an outlet of the two-stage expansion refrigeration machine is communicated with a low-pressure inlet of the cryogenic heat exchanger with the temperature range below 20K to be tested .
- 3. The device for testing the performance of the low-temperature heat exchanger in the lower temperature range of 20K as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a pressure stabilizing device, wherein the pressure stabilizing device is connected with the compressor in parallel.
- 4. The device for testing the performance of the low-temperature heat exchanger with the temperature range below 20K as claimed in claim 1, wherein the expansion refrigeration unit, the low-temperature heat exchanger group with the temperature range above 20K, the low-temperature heat exchanger with the temperature range below 20K to be tested at , the low-temperature heat exchanger with the temperature range below 20K to be tested and the throttle valve are all arranged in a cold box.
- 5. The device for testing the performance of the low-temperature heat exchanger with the temperature range below 20K as claimed in claim 4, wherein the cold box is a vacuum cold box.
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| CN201810126528.1A CN108458888B (en) | 2018-02-07 | 2018-02-07 | Performance testing device for low-temperature heat exchanger with temperature range below K |
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| CN201810126528.1A CN108458888B (en) | 2018-02-07 | 2018-02-07 | Performance testing device for low-temperature heat exchanger with temperature range below K |
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| CN108458888B true CN108458888B (en) | 2020-01-31 |
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| CN110261150A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-09-20 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of test device of 300-4.5K warm area multi-state cryogenic heat exchanger |
| CN113607246B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2022-07-26 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Calibration device and method for low-temperature flowmeter |
| CN114838970B (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2023-02-10 | 华中科技大学 | Performance measuring device for open type JT refrigerator with conical microstructure |
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| US8628238B2 (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2014-01-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Insulation test cryostat with lift mechanism |
| CN105445046B (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2018-06-26 | 天津航天瑞莱科技有限公司 | A kind of refrigeration and pressure charging system for pipeline structure environmental simulation |
| CN104676248B (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2017-03-22 | 西南石油大学 | Helium circulating system |
| CN106918622B (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2019-07-16 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Vapor condensation heat-exchange experimental system in a kind of width horizontal tube of the degree of supercooling containing multicomponent gas |
| CN107255652B (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2020-06-23 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Heat exchanger performance test device for testing large Reynolds number range at low temperature |
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Effective date of registration: 20210729 Address after: 1407, 14th floor, building 51, 63 Zhichun Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083 Patentee after: Beijing Zhongke Fu Hai Low Temperature Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 29 East Zhongguancun Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100190 Patentee before: Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences |