CN108458888A - Performance testing device for low-temperature heat exchanger with temperature range below 20K - Google Patents

Performance testing device for low-temperature heat exchanger with temperature range below 20K Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108458888A
CN108458888A CN201810126528.1A CN201810126528A CN108458888A CN 108458888 A CN108458888 A CN 108458888A CN 201810126528 A CN201810126528 A CN 201810126528A CN 108458888 A CN108458888 A CN 108458888A
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China
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heat exchanger
cryogenic heat
warm areas
pressure
less
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CN201810126528.1A
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CN108458888B (en
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李正宇
龚领会
张宇
徐鹏
朱伟平
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Beijing Zhongke Fu Hai Low Temperature Technology Co ltd
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Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M99/00Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • G01M99/005Testing of complete machines, e.g. washing-machines or mobile phones

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

A performance testing device for a low-temperature heat exchanger of a temperature zone below 20K comprises a compressor, an expansion refrigerating unit, a low-temperature heat exchanger group of the temperature zone above 20K, a first low-temperature heat exchanger of the temperature zone below 20K to be tested, a second low-temperature heat exchanger of the temperature zone below 20K to be tested, a throttle valve, a liquid helium Dewar, a first flowmeter, a second flowmeter, four temperature sensors and four pressure sensors. Compared with the traditional heat exchanger performance testing method adopting water as a medium, the performance testing device for the low-temperature heat exchanger with the temperature range below 20K can directly test the performance of the low-temperature heat exchanger at the working temperature of 20K, so that the most direct flowing and heat exchange coefficients can be obtained, direct data support can be provided for the design method and technical parameters of the low-temperature heat exchanger with the temperature range below 20K, and the defects of the existing heat exchanger design software can be overcome.

Description

A kind of 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger performance testing device
Technical field
The present invention relates to Cryo Equipment technical field more particularly to a kind of 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger performance tests Device.
Background technology
Cryogenic heat exchanger is the critical component of large-scale turbine expansion helium refrigerator/liquefier, and major function is realization pair The utilization of reflux helium cold, improves the operational efficiency of whole system, performance can seriously affect overall performance.In helium warm area system The operation temperature area of heat exchanger is from 300K until 4.5K, span is very big in cold, liquefier, but design at present is calculated and adopted Calculation formula (correlation) is identical.The test of heat exchanging device performance at present generally adopts water as working medium, a side runner For hot water, another side runner is that cold water estimates the heat exchange property of heat exchanger by measuring flow, the out temperature of hot and cold water. This method is proved to be effective for 20K or more warm areas.After 20K temperature, at present still without direct experimental data Prove the accuracy of design method.One of main cause is not no special 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger low temperature item Flowing, heat transfer testing device can be realized and be tested it under part.
Invention content
In consideration of it, it is necessary to provide a kind of 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger performance testing devices.
A kind of 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger performance testing device, including compressor, swell refrigeration unit, 20K or more Warm area cryogenic heat exchanger group, the first 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured, the second 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured, Throttle valve, liquid helium Dewar, first flowmeter, second flowmeter, seven temperature sensors and seven pressure sensors;
The high-pressure outlet of the compressor is connected to the high pressure entry of 20K or more the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger group, described The of first high-pressure outlet of 20K or more warm area cryogenic heat exchanger groups and first 20K or less the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured One high pressure entry is connected to, the high-pressure outlet and second 20K to be measured of first 20K or less the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured with The high pressure entry of lower warm area cryogenic heat exchanger is connected to, the high-pressure outlet of second 20K or less the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured and The entrance of the throttle valve is connected to, and the outlet of the throttle valve is connected to the entrance of the liquid helium Dewar, the liquid helium Dewar Gas vent is connected to the low-pressure inlet of the described second 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured, second 20K or less to be measured The low tension outlet of warm area cryogenic heat exchanger is connected to the low-pressure inlet of the described first 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured, institute State the low pressure of the low tension outlet and 20K or more the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger group of the first 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured Entrance is connected to, and the low tension outlet of 20K or more the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger group is connected to the low-pressure inlet of the compressor;
The high-pressure outlet of the compressor is also connected to the entrance of the swell refrigeration unit, the swell refrigeration unit Outlet is connected to the low-pressure inlet of the described first 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured;
The first flowmeter is set to the high pressure entry of 20K or more the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger group, the second flow Entrance of the meter set on the swell refrigeration unit;
Seven temperature sensors are respectively arranged on the high indentation of the described first 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured Mouth, high-pressure outlet, low-pressure inlet and low tension outlet and the high of second 20K or less the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured extrude Mouth, low-pressure inlet and low tension outlet;
Seven pressure sensors are respectively arranged on the high indentation of the first 20K or less the warm area cryogenic heat exchangers to be measured Mouth, high-pressure outlet, low-pressure inlet and low tension outlet and the high of second 20K or less the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured extrude Mouth, low-pressure inlet and low tension outlet.
In one embodiment, the swell refrigeration unit includes the one-stage expansion refrigeration machine being connected in series with and compound expansion Refrigeration machine, the high-pressure outlet of the compressor are connected to the entrance of the one-stage expansion refrigeration machine, the one-stage expansion refrigeration machine Outlet be connected to the entrance of the compound expansion refrigeration machine, the outlet of the compound expansion refrigeration machine and described first to be measured The low-pressure inlet of 20K or less warm area cryogenic heat exchangers is connected to.
In one embodiment, further include pressure stability equipment, the pressure stability equipment and the compressor parallel connect It connects.
In one embodiment, the swell refrigeration unit, 20K or more the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger group, described first 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger, second 20K or less the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured and the throttle valve to be measured are set to In ice chest.
In one embodiment, the ice chest is Vacuum cooling case.
In order to which the design method to 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured is assessed, using above-mentioned 20K or less warm areas Cryogenic heat exchanger performance testing device can be the first 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured and the second 20K or less warm areas to be measured Cryogenic heat exchanger provides the fluid environment of actual 20K or less warm areas.And then using flow, temperature, pressure measuring device, to the Each fluid inlet and outlet parameter of one 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured and the second 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured It measures, as the first 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured and the second 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger assessment to be measured Foundation.
Above-mentioned 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger performance testing device, with traditional heat exchanger for adopting water as medium Can test method compare, above-mentioned 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger performance testing device can directly under 20K operating temperatures into The performance test of row cryogenic heat exchanger can be cryogenic heat exchanger under the warm area to obtain most direct flowing, the coefficient of heat transfer Design method and technical parameter provide immediate data and support, to fill up the deficiency of plate-fin heat exchanger design software.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of 20K or less the warm area cryogenic heat exchanger performance testing devices of an embodiment.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention be more clear, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, to this hair It is bright to be further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and do not have to It is of the invention in limiting.
As shown in Figure 1,20K or less the warm area cryogenic heat exchangers performance testing device 100 of an embodiment, including compressor 10,20K or more warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger group 20, the first 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger 30 to be measured, the second 20K or less to be measured Warm area cryogenic heat exchanger 35, throttle valve 40, liquid helium Dewar 50, swell refrigeration unit, first flowmeter 72, second flowmeter 74, Seven temperature sensors and seven pressure sensors.The high-pressure outlet and 20K or more warm area cryogenic heat exchangers group 20 of compressor 10 High pressure entry connection, the first high-pressure outlet of 20K or more warm area cryogenic heat exchangers group 20 and the first 20K or less warm areas to be measured are low First high pressure entry of warm heat exchanger 30 is connected to, the high-pressure outlet and second of the first 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger 30 to be measured The high pressure entry of 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger 35 to be measured is connected to, the height of the second 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger 35 to be measured It extrudes mouth to be connected to the entrance of throttle valve 40, the outlet of throttle valve 40 is connected to the entrance of liquid helium Dewar 50, liquid helium Dewar 50 The low-pressure inlet of gas vent and the second 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger 35 to be measured is connected to, and the second 20K or less warm areas to be measured are low The low-pressure inlet of the low tension outlet of warm heat exchanger 35 and the first 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger 30 to be measured is connected to, and first is to be measured The low tension outlet of 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger 30 is connected to the low-pressure inlet of 20K or more warm area cryogenic heat exchangers group 20, The low tension outlet of 20K or more warm area cryogenic heat exchangers group 20 is connected to the low-pressure inlet of compressor 10.
The high-pressure outlet of compressor 10 is also connected to the entrance of swell refrigeration unit, the outlet of swell refrigeration unit and first The low-pressure inlet of 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger 30 to be measured is connected to.The high-pressure helium of the high-pressure outlet outflow of compressor 10, one Part enter 20K or more warm area cryogenic heat exchangers group 20, a part enter swell refrigeration unit, the outlet of swell refrigeration unit with 2nd 20K or less warm area cryogenic heat exchangers group, 35 low tension outlet fluid is connected to the first 20K or less warm area low-temperature heat exchanges after converging The low-pressure inlet of device group 30.
In embodiment as shown in Figure 1, swell refrigeration unit includes 62 He of one-stage expansion refrigeration machine being connected in series with Compound expansion refrigeration machine 64.The high-pressure outlet of compressor 10 is connected to the entrance of one-stage expansion refrigeration machine 62, one-stage expansion refrigeration The outlet of machine 62 is connected to the entrance of compound expansion refrigeration machine 64, the outlet of compound expansion refrigeration machine 64 and the first 20K to be measured with The low-pressure inlet of lower warm area cryogenic heat exchanger 30 is connected to.
First flowmeter 72 is set to the high pressure entry of 20K or more warm area cryogenic heat exchangers group 20, and second flowmeter 74 is set to The entrance of swell refrigeration unit.
Seven temperature sensors be respectively arranged on the first 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger 30 to be measured the first high pressure entry, The high-pressure outlet of high-pressure outlet, low-pressure inlet and low tension outlet and the second 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger 35 to be measured, low pressure Entrance and low tension outlet.
Seven pressure sensors be respectively arranged on the first 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger 30 to be measured the first high pressure entry, The high-pressure outlet of high-pressure outlet, low-pressure inlet and low tension outlet and the second 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger 35 to be measured, low pressure Entrance and low tension outlet.
Above-mentioned 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger performance testing device 100 further includes pressure stability equipment 90, pressure stability Equipment 90 and compressor 10 are connected in parallel.The height pressure pressure of the test device 100 can be stablized using pressure stability equipment 90.
Above-mentioned 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger performance testing device 100, swell refrigeration unit, 20K or more warm area low temperature Heat exchanger group 20, the first 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger 30 to be measured, the second 35 and of 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured Throttle valve 40 is low-temperature components, is set in ice chest 95, to reduce leakage heat.Ice chest 95 is Vacuum cooling case.Further, vacuum It is wrapped up using vacuum multilayer insulation in the outside of ice chest.
Above-mentioned 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger performance testing device 100, compressor 10 supplies high pressure by pressure duct Room temperature helium, a high normal pressure and temperature helium part utilize high pressure gas by one-stage expansion refrigeration machine 62 and compound expansion refrigeration machine 64 Expansion decompression generates enthalpy drop, obtains refrigerating capacity, and the helium after refrigeration flows into the first 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger 30 to be measured Low-pressure inlet.Another part of high normal pressure and temperature helium is refluxed cold helium gas cooling by 20K or more warm area cryogenic heat exchangers group 20. Then, cold helium sequentially enters the first 30 and second 20K or less warm areas low temperature to be measured of 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured and changes Hot device 35 continues to be refluxed cold helium gas cooling, passes through the throttling of throttle valve 40 later and generates the saturation liquid-vapor mixture of helium, and enters Liquid helium Dewar 50, for liquid helium there are in liquid helium Dewar 50, the gas helium of generation gradually enters the second 20K to be measured along low pressure line Following warm area cryogenic heat exchanger 35, the first 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger 30 and 20K or more warm area cryogenic heat exchanger group to be measured 20 by rewarming, finally flows back to the low-pressure inlet of compressor 10, so far completes cycle.
In order to the first 30 and second 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured of 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured 30 heat transfer, mobile performance are analyzed, and first flowmeter 72 are arranged in the entrance of ice chest 95, in one-stage expansion refrigeration machine 62 Inlet arrange second flowmeter 74, this two flowmeters be respectively used to measure into Vacuum cooling case 95 total amount of helium U1, and enter the amount of helium U2 of the first expansion refrigerator 72.In the high pressure of the first 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger 30 to be measured Entrance arranges T1 thermometers 81, and P1 pressure gauges 82 arrange T2 thermometers 83, P2 pressure gauges 84, at it in its high-pressure outlet Low pressure inlet arranges T3 thermometers 85, and P3 pressure gauges 86 arrange T4 thermometers 87, P4 pressure gauges 88 in its low tension outlet. Wherein, the difference of U1 and U2, U1, T1, P1, T3, P3 will be used as input quantity to substitute into design of heat exchanger software and carry out calculation and check, institute It the high-pressure outlet of the first obtained 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger 30 to be measured and the temperature of low tension outlet, pressure and measures The T2 arrived, P2, T4, P4 comparison, analytical error value, as the criterion of design method accuracy and the foundation of modified coefficient. T5 thermometers 91 are arranged in the high-pressure outlet of the second 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger 35 to be measured, P5 pressure gauges 92 are low at its Indentation mouth arranges T6 thermometers 93, and P6 pressure gauges 94 arrange T7 thermometers 96, P7 pressure gauges 97 in its low tension outlet.Its In, the difference of U1 and U2, T2, P2, T6, P6 will be used as input quantity to substitute into design of heat exchanger software and carry out calculation and check, acquired Temperature, pressure and the measurement of high-pressure outlet and low tension outlet of second 20K or less the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger 35 to be measured obtain T5, P5, T7, P7 are compared, analytical error value, as the criterion of design method accuracy and the foundation of modified coefficient.
Above-mentioned 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger performance testing device 100, the first 20K or less warm areas low-temperature heat exchange to be measured Device 30 and the second 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger 35 to be measured are both element under test and for realizing the elements of cooling flow, Entire test device 100 can be that the first 30 and second 20K or less warm areas low temperature to be measured of 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured changes Hot device 35 provides the fluid test environment of actual 20K or less warm areas.Under this warm area test heat exchanger performance be it is current its Not available for his test device.
Above-mentioned 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger performance testing device 100, with traditional heat exchanger for adopting water as medium Performance test methods compare, and above-mentioned 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger performance testing device 100 can directly work in 20K warm The performance test of the lower carry out cryogenic heat exchanger of degree can be that low temperature changes under the warm area to obtain most direct flowing, the coefficient of heat transfer The design method and technical parameter of hot device provide immediate data and support, to fill up the deficiency of business software design.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art Member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as Protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger performance testing device, which is characterized in that including compressor, expansion refrigerator Group, 20K or more warm area cryogenic heat exchangers group, the first 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured, the second 20K or less warm areas to be measured Cryogenic heat exchanger, throttle valve, liquid helium Dewar, first flowmeter, second flowmeter, seven temperature sensors and seven pressure sensings Device;
The high-pressure outlet of the compressor is connected to the high pressure entry of 20K or more the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger group, the 20K with First high pressure of the first high-pressure outlet of upper warm area cryogenic heat exchanger group and first 20K or less the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured Entrance is connected to, the high-pressure outlet of first 20K or less the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured and second 20K or less the warm areas to be measured The high pressure entry of cryogenic heat exchanger is connected to, the high-pressure outlet and the section of second 20K or less the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured The entrance connection of valve is flowed, the outlet of the throttle valve is connected to the entrance of the liquid helium Dewar, and the gas of the liquid helium Dewar goes out Mouth is connected to the low-pressure inlet of the described second 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured, and second 20K or less the warm areas to be measured are low The low tension outlet of warm heat exchanger is connected to the low-pressure inlet of the described first 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured, and described first The low tension outlet of 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured and the low-pressure inlet of 20K or more the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger group connect Logical, the low tension outlet of 20K or more the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger group is connected to the low-pressure inlet of the compressor;
The high-pressure outlet of the compressor is also connected to the entrance of the swell refrigeration unit, the outlet of the swell refrigeration unit It is connected to the low-pressure inlet of the described first 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured;
The first flowmeter is set to the high pressure entry of 20K or more the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger group, and the second flowmeter is set In the entrance of the swell refrigeration unit;
Seven temperature sensors are respectively arranged on high pressure entry, the height of the described first 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured Extrude mouth, low-pressure inlet and the high-pressure outlet of low tension outlet and second 20K or less the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured, low pressure Entrance and low tension outlet;
Seven pressure sensors are respectively arranged on high pressure entry, the height of the first 20K or less the warm area cryogenic heat exchangers to be measured Extrude mouth, low-pressure inlet and the high-pressure outlet of low tension outlet and second 20K or less the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured, low pressure Entrance and low tension outlet.
2. 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger performance testing device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the expansion Refrigeration unit includes the one-stage expansion refrigeration machine being connected in series with and compound expansion refrigeration machine, the high-pressure outlet of the compressor and institute State the entrance connection of one-stage expansion refrigeration machine, the outlet of the one-stage expansion refrigeration machine and the entrance of the compound expansion refrigeration machine Connection, the outlet of the compound expansion refrigeration machine and the low-pressure inlet of the described first 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured connect It is logical.
3. 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger performance testing device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include pressure Power stabilizing equipment, the pressure stability equipment are connected with the compressor parallel.
4. 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger performance testing device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the expansion Refrigeration unit, 20K or more the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger group, first 20K or less the warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger to be measured, described Two 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchangers to be measured and the throttle valve are set in ice chest.
5. 20K or less warm areas cryogenic heat exchanger performance testing device as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the ice chest For Vacuum cooling case.
CN201810126528.1A 2018-02-07 2018-02-07 Performance testing device for low-temperature heat exchanger with temperature range below K Active CN108458888B (en)

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110261150A (en) * 2019-06-04 2019-09-20 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 A kind of test device of 300-4.5K warm area multi-state cryogenic heat exchanger
CN113607246A (en) * 2021-07-30 2021-11-05 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 Calibration device and method for low-temperature flowmeter
CN114838970A (en) * 2022-05-19 2022-08-02 华中科技大学 Performance measuring device for open type conical microstructure JT refrigerator

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CN110261150A (en) * 2019-06-04 2019-09-20 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 A kind of test device of 300-4.5K warm area multi-state cryogenic heat exchanger
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CN114838970B (en) * 2022-05-19 2023-02-10 华中科技大学 Performance measuring device for open type JT refrigerator with conical microstructure

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Effective date of registration: 20210729

Address after: 1407, 14th floor, building 51, 63 Zhichun Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083

Patentee after: Beijing Zhongke Fu Hai Low Temperature Technology Co.,Ltd.

Address before: No. 29 East Zhongguancun Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100190

Patentee before: Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences