CN108448199A - A kind of power battery low temperature assisted heating device based on phase-change thermal storage - Google Patents
A kind of power battery low temperature assisted heating device based on phase-change thermal storage Download PDFInfo
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- CN108448199A CN108448199A CN201810117312.9A CN201810117312A CN108448199A CN 108448199 A CN108448199 A CN 108448199A CN 201810117312 A CN201810117312 A CN 201810117312A CN 108448199 A CN108448199 A CN 108448199A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of device for being heated under cryogenic to power battery, which includes:Power battery coolant plates, solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device, temperature control modules, flow-control module.The heating device is used under cryogenic conditions:Power battery coolant plates, pipeline, triple valve, solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device, temperature sensor, water pump.The part of waste heat that the invention can be given out under power battery normal operating conditions using the latent heat of phase change of phase-change material recycling power battery, and be stored in phase-change material.When power battery needs preheating under cryogenic, the heat stored in phase-change material can be passed to power battery by coolant liquid, reach normal working temperature.The apparatus structure is simple, safety and reliability are high, and is easy to realize in power battery thermal management system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention devises a kind of power battery low temperature assisted heating device using phase-change thermal storage, using phase-change material
Heat-storage technology recovery section waste heat when power battery is in normal work, and utilize recycled waste heat to electricity under cryogenic
Pond is preheated, to reach normal working temperature.
Technical background
With the increasingly exacerbation of energy problem and problem of environmental pollution, new-energy automobile is as current conventional fuel oil automobile
A kind of substitute, just receives more and more attention, wherein having become respectively by the electric vehicle of power source of lithium ion battery
The research hotspot of a automobile production manufacturer and scientific research institution.Similar with conventional engines, lithium-ion-power cell is in the course of work
In can distribute heat, if without suitable heat management solution, thermal runaway easily occurs, power battery is caused to catch fire, fire
It burns and even explodes, to be seriously threatened to the personal safety of driver and conductor generation.In electric vehicle vehicle on sale at present, power
The heat dissipation of battery relies primarily on air convection and liquid convection mode, and liquid medium can make since thermal coefficient is higher
Battery module reaches the advantages that better temperature uniformity, it is considered to be the developing direction of the following power battery thermal management system.
However, power battery is in normal work in addition to needing heat dissipation, in cryogenic conditions, especially when environment temperature is less than 0
Degree Celsius when, need to preheat battery pack.Some researches show that when power battery discharges under less than 0 degrees celsius
When, internal resistance can sharply increase, to influence battery life.Currently, the solution party heated for power battery under cryogenic conditions
Case is essentially relying on battery surface arrangement heating wire, heating film, is heated by active mode of heating, this mode of heating
It needs to consume certain electric energy.For electric vehicle, vehicle mounted dynamic battery is unique power source, so if using master
Dynamic mode of heating needs vehicle power supply or battery backup to provide electric energy, electric vehicle continual mileage certainly will be caused to reduce.
For this problem, the present invention devises a kind of power battery low-temperature heating device based on phase-change thermal storage, the dress
The heat that battery distributes can be recycled when power battery is worked normally by phase-change material by setting, and when environment temperature is relatively low,
Battery is preheated using the waste heat recycled, booster action is played to existing active mode of heating, to reduce actively
The consumed electric energy of heating, plays heat recovery and saves the effect of energy consumption.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, proposes a kind of power electric based on phase-change thermal storage technology
Pond low temperature assisted heating device and its implementation.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of thermal storage device based on solid-liquid phase change is single channel thermal storage device, including heat storage units, shell and insulating layer, the storage
Hot cell is shell-and-tube exchanger structure, and wherein tube side is coolant flow pipeline, and shell side fills phase-change material;It is set on shell
There are coolant inlet and cooling liquid outlet, coolant inlet and cooling liquid outlet to be connected by tube side coolant flow pipeline, institute
Hull outside is stated to be wrapped up by insulating layer.
Preferably, the phase-change material filled in the shell side is normal low temperature phase change of the melting temperature between 30 DEG C -60 DEG C
Heat accumulating.
It is furthermore preferred that the phase-change material is NSC 77136 crystal, fusing point is 30 DEG C, latent heat of phase change is 222 kJ/kg,
Also phase-change material of other the optional fusing points between 30 DEG C ~ 50 DEG C.
The power battery low temperature assisted heating device based on phase-change thermal storage includes:
It is the solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device, central control unit, phase-change material temperature sensor, cooling-water temperature transmitter, cold
But flow meters, battery temperature sensor, electric liquid triple valve, electronic water pump, electronic fan, radiator, power battery are cold
But liquid plate, ptc heater;
The exit of power battery coolant plates is equipped with temperature sensor, and cooling liquid outlet connects electric liquid triple valve inlet,
One end outlet connection radiator of electric liquid triple valve, the other end then connect solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device, solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device
Cooling liquid outlet be connected with another electric liquid triple valve, the cooling liquid outlet of radiator then with the same electric liquid
Triple valve is connected, and connects ptc heater after two-way fluid confluence, connects power battery coolant plates later.
Temperature sensor, the temperature for monitoring phase-change material are equipped in phase-change material inside phase-change heat storage device.
Battery surface uses heat conductive silica gel to paste thermocouple as battery temperature sensor, for monitoring battery surface temperature.
Cooling-water temperature transmitter, phase-change material temperature sensor and battery temperature sensor pass through signal wire and center
Control unit, central control unit are connected to electronic water pump, electronic fan, electric liquid triple valve and PTC by control line
Heater.
The described power battery low temperature auxiliary heating means are:
When power battery works normally, coolant liquid drives through electronic water pump, battery coolant plates is flowed through, by heat convection side
Formula takes away the heat that battery distributes.When coolant temperature is relatively low, central control unit controls electric liquid triple valve and opens
Phase-change heat storage device branch and closing radiator branch, make coolant liquid be flowed between battery coolant plates and phase-change heat storage device, lead to
The phase transition process for crossing phase-change material absorbs and stores heat, this stage is the phase-change heat storage device heat storage stage.Phase-change material temperature
Degree sensor is by phase-change material temperature signal transmission to central control unit, when the set temperature is reached, central control unit control
Triple valve processed closes phase-change heat storage device branch, while opening radiator branch, coolant liquid battery coolant plates and radiator it
Between flow, the heat that battery distributes is dissipated to environment by radiator.
When power battery is stopped, electronic water pump, electronic fan and electronics liquid are closed in central control unit control
Body triple valve, phase-change heat storage device is completely cut off, and prevents the heat stored in phase-change heat storage device from being lost by the heat loss through convection of coolant liquid,
The insulating layer wrapped up outside phase-change heat storage device simultaneously can guarantee that the heat stored in phase-change material will not be dissipated by thermal storage device shell
It is sent in environment, this stage is that phase-change heat storage device heat preserves the stage.
When power battery needs to work under cryogenic, central control unit is opened according to coolant temperature signal
Electronic water pump, control electric liquid triple valve open phase-change heat storage device branch, simultaneously close off radiator branch, utilize phase-change thermal storage
The heat stored in device heats coolant liquid, by the coolant liquid of phase-change material heating by power battery cold plate to power electric
Pond is preheated.Central control unit carries out the state of phase-change material according to the signal of phase-change material temperature sensor passes
Judge, when phase-change material temperature drops to melting temperature, judges that the heat stored in phase-change material exhausts, and control electronics liquid
Body triple valve closes phase-change heat storage device branch, opens radiator branch, power battery is made to enter working condition.If working as phase-change thermal storage
The shortage of heat of device storage is so that battery is preheated to set temperature, then central control unit will turn on ptc heater and continue to dynamic
Power battery is preheated.
In preheating process, central control unit works as battery by battery surface thermocouple monitoring battery surface temperature
When surface temperature reaches suitable operating temperature(Generally 5 DEG C or more), that is, close all heating elements(Phase-change heat storage device, PTC
Heater), and power battery is made to enter normal operating conditions.
The phase-change heat storage device is connect by electric liquid triple valve with power battery cooling circuit, environment temperature compared with
Gao Shi(Such as summer), heat is recycled without phase-change heat storage device, the phase-change heat storage device branch of electric liquid triple valve can be made
It keeps normally closed, and phase-change heat storage device branch is dismantled, to reduce dynamical system kerb weight.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the power battery low-temperature heating device schematic diagram based on phase-change thermal storage;
In Fig. 1:1- battery temperature sensors(Surface thermocouple);2- battery coolant plates;3- power batteries;4- coolant temperatures
Sensor;5- electric liquid triple valves;6- electronic fans;7- radiators;8- electric liquid triple valves;9- phase-change material temperatures pass
Sensor;10-PTC heaters;11- cooling-water temperature transmitters;12- central control units;13- phase-change heat storage devices;14- electronic waters
Pump.
Fig. 2 is the phase-change heat storage device structural schematic diagram.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Phase-change heat storage device 13 employed in the present invention is single channel thermal storage device, and structure is referring to attached drawing 2, including phase transformation material
Material, coolant flow pipeline, shell and insulating layer.The phase-change heat storage device is shell-and-tube heat exchanger structure, and wherein tube side is made
For coolant flow pipeline, shell side fills phase-change material.The shell is equipped with coolant inlet and cooling liquid outlet, coolant liquid
Entrance is connected with cooling liquid outlet by coolant flow pipeline.The coolant flow pipeline is metal material, is had
Higher thermal coefficient.The shell all has certain elasticity with coolant flow pipeline, can meet phase-change material in phase transformation
In the process due to the stress of volume change generation.The phase-change heat storage device outer layer is thermal insulation material, for wrapping up shell,
To reduce heat loss.
Phase-change material in the phase-change heat storage device selects NSC 77136 crystal, and fusing point is 30 DEG C, latent heat of phase change 222
KJ/kg, also phase-change material of other the optional fusing points between 30 DEG C ~ 50 DEG C.
As shown in Figure 1, the power battery low temperature assisted heating device based on phase-change thermal storage includes:The solid-liquid
Phase-change heat storage device 13, battery temperature sensor 1, battery coolant plates 2, power battery 3, cooling-water temperature transmitter 4, electronics liquid
Body triple valve 5, electronic fan 6, radiator 7, electric liquid triple valve 8, phase-change material temperature sensor 9, ptc heater 10,
Cooling-water temperature transmitter 11, central control unit 12, electronic water pump 14.
Power battery 3, battery coolant plates 2, electronic water pump 14, cooling-water temperature transmitter 4,11, radiator 7 constitute electricity
Pond cooling circuit, the solid-liquid phase change heat exchanger 13 are used as coolant flow branch circuit parallel connection by electric liquid triple valve 5,8
In battery cooling circuit.The coolant inlet of solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device 13 is connected to electric liquid triple valve 5 and coolant liquid goes out
Mouth then connects electric liquid triple valve 8.The another both ends of electronic three-way valve 5 are separately connected temperature sensor 4 and radiator 7 and electric
The another both ends of sub- triple valve 8 are then separately connected ptc heater 10 and radiator 7.
Temperature sensor 1,4,9,11 is connected to central control unit 12 by signal wire, and central control unit 12 then passes through
Control line is connected to electronic water pump 14, electronic fan 6, ptc heater 10 and electric liquid triple valve 5,8.
The present invention controls electric liquid triple valve 5,8, solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device 13 using central control unit 12, specific to control
System strategy and embodiment are as follows:
When power battery 3 works normally, central control unit 12 controls electric liquid triple valve 5,8 and opens phase-change heat storage device 13
Branch closes 7 branch of radiator and electronic fan 6 so that coolant liquid solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device 13 and battery coolant plates 2 it
Between circulate, the heat that battery distributes is carried to phase-change heat storage device 13.Phase-change heat storage device is protected in the normal battery operation stage
Energy storage state is held, phase-change material temperature signal is transferred to central control unit 12 by phase-change material temperature sensor 9.When phase transformation material
When material is completely melt, central control unit 12 controls electric liquid triple valve 5,8 and closes 13 branch of phase-change heat storage device, opens heat dissipation
7 branch of device, at this time the heat of power battery 3 taken away by electronic fan 6.
When power battery 3 is stopped, central control unit 12 keeps 13 branch of phase-change heat storage device to close, and prevents from cooling down
The heat in phase-change heat storage device 13 is taken away in liquid convection current.
After standing a few hours at low ambient temperatures, when power battery 3 need to work again, central control unit 12 controls electricity
Sub- water pump 14 is opened, and control electric liquid triple valve 5,8 opens 13 branch of phase-change heat storage device, closes 7 branch of radiator, makes cooling
Liquid flows between phase-change heat storage device 13 and battery coolant plates 2, utilizes the heat coolant liquid stored in phase-change material.
Central control unit 12 judges phase transformation in phase-change heat storage device 13 according to the signal that phase-change material temperature sensor 9 transmits
The state of material, and control electric liquid triple valve 5,8 closes 13 branch of phase-change heat storage device after phase-change material solidification, opens
7 branch of radiator, and electronic fan 6 is kept to be closed.
If the shortage of heat stored in phase-change heat storage device 13 is to complete the preheating process of power battery, central control unit
12 can according to cooling-water temperature transmitter 4,11 transmit temperature signals control ptc heater open, continue to power battery 3 into
Row preheating.
The present invention can absorb the heat and storage that battery distributes when power battery works normally by phase-change heat storage device
In phase-change material, when power battery needs to work under cryogenic, the heat of this section store can be used, be used
In the preheating process of boosting battery.The present invention can play by heat recovery and reduce battery preheating process energy consumption
Effect;In addition, in normal battery operation, the load of liquid cooling system is shared by phase-change heat storage device branch, can also be played
Reduce the effect of liquid cooling system power consumption components energy consumption.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device, which is characterized in that the thermal storage device is single channel shell-and-tube exchanger, including storage
Hot cell, shell and insulating layer, wherein heat storage units are divided into tube side and shell side, and tube side is liquid flow line, and shell side fills phase
Become material, shell is equipped with coolant flow entrance and coolant flow exports, and coolant flow entrance is flowed through tube side liquid
Pipeline is connected with outlet.
2. solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the phase filled inside the heat storage units
Become low-temperature phase-change material of the material into phase transition temperature between 30 DEG C ~ 50 DEG C.
3. solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the phase-change material is that NSC 77136 is brilliant
Body, fusing point are 30 DEG C, and latent heat of phase change is 222 kJ/kg.
4. a kind of power battery low temperature auxiliary heating system using solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device as described in claim 1, special
Sign is:The solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device, central control unit, phase-change material temperature sensor, coolant temperature pass
Sensor, coolant rate meter, battery temperature sensor, electric liquid triple valve, electronic water pump, electronic fan, radiator, power
Battery coolant plates, ptc heater;Cooling-water temperature transmitter, phase-change material temperature sensor and battery temperature sensor
By signal wire and central control unit, central control unit is connected to electronic water pump, electronic fan, electronics liquid by control line
Body triple valve and ptc heater.
5. a kind of power battery low temperature for system described in claim 4 assists method for heating and controlling, it is characterised in that;When dynamic
When power normal battery operation, central control unit is turned on and off phase-change heat storage device by controlling electric liquid threeway valve events
Branch or radiator branch make coolant liquid flow through phase-change heat storage device in power battery preliminary work, and heat, which occurs, with phase-change material hands over
It changes, by heat storage in phase-change material, when phase-change material temperature is identical as coolant liquid, the energy storage stage terminates;Work as power electric
After pond is stopped, electronic water pump, electronic fan and electric liquid triple valve are closed in central control unit control, and phase transformation is stored up
Hot device isolation, prevents the heat stored in phase-change heat storage device from being lost by the heat loss through convection of coolant liquid;When power battery needs
When working under cryogenic conditions, central control unit controls electric liquid triple valve and opens phase-change heat storage device branch, closes radiator
Branch, while opening electronic water pump so that coolant liquid flows between phase-change heat storage device and power battery coolant plates, coolant liquid
The heat stored in phase-change material is absorbed to preheat for battery;The temperature that central control unit is acquired by battery temperature sensor
Degree signal judges whether power battery can start, if reaching start-up temperature, closes phase-change heat storage device branch, battery is made to enter
Working condition;If battery temperature is still relatively low, phase-change heat storage device branch is closed, ptc heater is opened and continues to carry out battery
Preheating.
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Cited By (10)
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CN109616708A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-12 | 宁波石墨烯创新中心有限公司 | A kind of hybrid power source system and its application |
CN109786889A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-21 | 北京华厚能源科技有限公司 | A kind of passive phase-change type battery thermal management system of master |
CN109860950A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-06-07 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of heat management device of combined electric automobile power cell |
CN110112509A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-08-09 | 华为技术有限公司 | Battery pack heating equipment, heat accumulation equipment and electric car |
CN110190296A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-08-30 | 苏州纳尔森能源科技有限公司 | Battery thermal management system and its control method |
CN110400945A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-01 | 四川荣创新能动力***有限公司 | Fuel cell residual neat recovering system, fuel cell car and its working method |
CN110864687A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-03-06 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 | Phase-change energy storage inertia system |
CN112563618A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-03-26 | 张展浩 | Battery temperature control device of electric automobile and control method thereof |
CN113097599A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-09 | 华北电力大学 | Passive battery thermal regulator based on super-cooled phase-change material, method and management system |
CN115686106A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2023-02-03 | 浙江福得尔电器有限公司 | Electric furnace lithium battery preheating method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
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CN110400945A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-01 | 四川荣创新能动力***有限公司 | Fuel cell residual neat recovering system, fuel cell car and its working method |
CN110864687A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-03-06 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 | Phase-change energy storage inertia system |
CN112563618A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-03-26 | 张展浩 | Battery temperature control device of electric automobile and control method thereof |
CN113097599A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-09 | 华北电力大学 | Passive battery thermal regulator based on super-cooled phase-change material, method and management system |
CN115686106A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2023-02-03 | 浙江福得尔电器有限公司 | Electric furnace lithium battery preheating method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
CN115686106B (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2023-11-24 | 浙江福得尔电器有限公司 | Electric furnace lithium battery preheating method device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
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