CN108441266A - A kind of the cleaning dust device and its cleaning dust technique of synthesis gas - Google Patents
A kind of the cleaning dust device and its cleaning dust technique of synthesis gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN108441266A CN108441266A CN201810432024.2A CN201810432024A CN108441266A CN 108441266 A CN108441266 A CN 108441266A CN 201810432024 A CN201810432024 A CN 201810432024A CN 108441266 A CN108441266 A CN 108441266A
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- inner cavity
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- epimere
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 188
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 188
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 211
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010866 blackwater Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000004534 cecum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 175
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007701 flash-distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002453 shampoo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/002—Removal of contaminants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/02—Dust removal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/04—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
- C10K1/10—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
- C10J2300/1615—Stripping
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/169—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with water treatments
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Industrial Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to Coal Gasification Technology fields, specifically provide a kind of the cleaning dust device and its cleaning dust technique of synthesis gas, which includes：Gasification furnace shock chamber obtains the synthesis gas, slag and Heisui River of preliminary purification for being washed and being cooled down to crude synthesis gas；Venturi scrubber carries out wetting for the synthesis gas to preliminary purification and dust captures, forms dust-laden drop；Separating, washing tower, inner cavity are divided into epimere inner cavity and hypomere inner cavity, and hypomere inner cavity receives the synthesis gas with dust-laden drop and carries out gas-liquid separation；Synthesis gas flow-guiding structure is equipped between epimere inner cavity and hypomere inner cavity；Epimere inner cavity is used to wash into the synthesis gas in it to remove remaining subparticle, and obtains the synthesis gas of purification, sewage, and Quench water pump is used to send supernatant liquor cycle to gasification furnace shock chamber and Venturi scrubber.The equipment that the present invention is few by quantity, drag losses are small can obtain the excellent synthesis gas of dust removing effects, while detersive efficiency can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Coal Gasification Technology fields, are mainly used for the cleaning dust of dust-laden crude synthesis gas, and in particular to a kind of
The cleaning dust device and its cleaning dust technique of synthesis gas.
Background technology
China is the country of a rich coal, oil-poor, few gas, can be generated using raw coal gasification and is with carbon monoxide and hydrogen
Main synthesis gas produces methanol, can also synthesize the chemicals such as ammonia, ethylene glycol, is that China is the most universal at this stage, directly and will
The production line adhered to for a long time.Often dust burdening is bigger for the crude synthesis gas generated after gasification, if cannot effectively divide
Defection causes harmful effect to downstream section.
The molten ash that the high-temperature synthesis gas that gasification reaction generates in gasification furnace vaporizer carries, through chilled water and water-bath
Cooling cure slag detaches, but certain solid granule is also carried in synthesis gas, and main component is lime-ash and carbon residue.It is right
Fine ash content height, granularity are small in the entrained flow gasification especially dried coal powder technique using the higher raw coal of ash content, synthesis gas, if
It cannot be detached well, after synthesis gas takes down-stream system to, easily cause pipeline, the dust stratification of bed, blocking and catalyst
Poisoning, the final stable operation for influencing device.
Existing a part of ash disposal, dedusting technology reduce fine ash only in gasification furnace external expansion, not in shock chamber and take
Band, and the use of external washing facility, not only long flow path, number of devices are more, are unfavorable for maintaining, whole to remove dirt fruit
Difference；And drag losses are big, constrain efficient, the stable operation of gasification installation.For example, patent document CN105062574A is disclosed
A kind of efficient combined type dust-laden synthesis gas washing dust-extraction unit, although it is contemplated that partial particulate is passed through rotation outside shock chamber
Wind separator is separated, and improves the water quality that wash tower bottoms are used as chilled water, but in the indoor primary wash effect of Quench
Difference, the equipment that is related to is more, long flow path, and equipment room is attached using high temperature, high-pressure gas pipelines, needs to consider pipe stress,
Pipe arrangement difficulty is big, equipment and pipeline investment are high.
Patent document CN106398779A discloses a kind of synthesis gas washing dedusting dewatering system, is only in original venturi
On washer plus scrubbing tower flow, cannot meet the technological requirements, dustiness is higher, influences the case where downstream section production, simply
Increase subsequent processing device, extend flow and remove remaining fine ash.Although this method can also realize its purpose, simultaneously
The reason of former flow and method dedusting effect difference is not sought from principle, water quality is more preferable though Venturi scrubber has used, it is solid to contain
Lower high temperature, high pressure buck (low pressure buck is pressurized, is pumped into Venturi scrubber after heating) are measured, but chilled water still uses
The high buck of wash tower bottoms dust burdening affects the indoor primary wash ash disposal of Quench, keeps synthesis gas band ash serious, to washing
The ash disposal efficiency requirements higher of tower and tube bank separator；The structure of tube bank whizzer is unfavorable for cleaning, and is easy fouling and clogging,
System resistance drop also can accordingly increase.Meanwhile the technological process is there is also similar long flow path, stress pipe arrangement difficulty is big,
Equipment pipe invests high disadvantage.
Patent document CN107189824A discloses a kind of efficient ash handling equipment of polynary gasification furnace exit gas and technique, choosing
Washings are used as after the lower condensate liquid of the solid content of flash distillation is pressurized after having selected washing system discharge.Though this method is one
Determine to improve detersive efficiency in degree, but whole washings especially larger chilled water of dosage is all from low pressure condensate liquid and through pump adds
Pressure so that the energy consumption that system pumps at runtime is very big；Though having used the better condensate liquid of water quality, shock chamber in shock chamber
Inside it is not provided with dedusting, the foam removal facility of auxiliary so that synthesis gas band ash, band water are serious, can only pass through multistage Venturi scrubbing
The matched form of device increases weight a large amount of fine ash wetting in synthesis gas in order to detach, in this way but also the resistance of system will rise
It is high；It is to run counter to theoretical research that last micro little particle fine ash together in synthesis gas, which is washed by the way of spray washing,
, inferior separating effect is washed, equipment needs are very huge just to be met the requirements.The patent overall flow is long, equipment is more and
And it is big, stress pipe arrangement is more complex, equipment and pipeline investment are big；Energy consumption height, resistance are big when device is run, comprehensive operation efficiency
It is low, belong to " disregarding cost " formula and improves dust removing effects.
In a kind of synthesis gas washing treatment process disclosed in patent document CN107189824A, washing flow does not occur
Significant change still uses Venturi scrubber to add the flow of scrubbing tower, and by accurate filter filtering high temperature, high pressure Heisui River after
Direct reuse does the mode that dust removing effects are improved as chilled water and washings；But the grain graininess in Heisui River is small, it is accurate
Filter is easy to block, it has not been convenient to clean, can't realize the industrialized production operation of long period, stabilization at present.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention in view of the problems of the existing technology, provide a kind of cleaning dust device of synthesis gas
And its cleaning dust technique, the equipment few by quantity, drag losses are small can obtain the synthesis gas of cleaning dust excellent effect,
The detersive efficiency of synthesis gas can be improved simultaneously.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides a kind of cleaning dust device of synthesis gas, including：
The gasification furnace shock chamber being connected with gasification furnace vaporizer, crude synthesis gas for generating to gasification furnace vaporizer into
Row washing and cooling to detach the drop of slag contained therein, bulky grain fine ash and entrainment, obtain preliminary purification synthesis gas,
Slag and Heisui River；
Venturi scrubber forms band dust-containing liquid for carrying out wetting to the synthesis gas through gasification furnace shock chamber processing gained
The synthesis gas of drop；
The inner cavity of separating, washing tower, the separating, washing tower is divided into epimere inner cavity and hypomere inner cavity；The hypomere inner cavity
Equipped with synthesis gas import, for receiving from synthesis gas of the Venturi scrubber gained with dust-laden drop；The epimere inner cavity and
The synthesis gas water conservancy diversion knot for making synthesis gas of the intracavitary with dust-laden drop in hypomere enter epimere inner cavity is equipped between hypomere inner cavity
Structure；The epimere inner cavity is used to wash the synthesis gas into intracavitary in epimere to remove wherein remaining subparticle, and obtains
Synthesis gas, supernatant liquor, the sewage of purification；The epimere inner cavity is equipped with the synthesis gas exported for the synthesis gas of the purification and goes out
Mouthful；
Quench water pump, for using at least part of supernatant liquor in sewage upper layer of separating, washing tower epimere inner cavity as Quench
Water cycle is sent to gasification furnace shock chamber, and for at least part of upper layer in sewage upper layer of separating, washing tower epimere inner cavity is clear
Liquid is sent as washings cycle to Venturi scrubber；
Preferably, the cleaning dust device further includes：Black water treatment system, for swashing to separating, washing tower and gasification furnace
The Heisui River of cold house's discharge is precipitated and is filtered, to obtain buck and the washings of separating, washing tower are made in reuse.
In the present invention, in the epimere inner cavity of the separating, washing tower, it can divide after the sewage sedimentation that separation and washing generate
Layer, is supernatant liquor positioned at upper layer, is dust-laden sewage positioned at bottom.
The high pressure Heisui River of system discharge is by black water treatment system, through being depressured to normal pressure, cooling down (being down to 45~75 DEG C), solid
Obtain available buck after liquid separating treatment, then heated, pressurization (it is usually above vapor pressure 0.5MPaG, temperature is 150~
160 DEG C) return system reuse (be known as high temperature, high pressure buck) afterwards.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the high temperature, height
Press washing water inlet reuse of the buck by separating, washing tower, the washings as epimere inner cavity.
In the present invention, the high-temperature crude synthesis gas of gasification furnace vaporizer generation passes sequentially through gasification furnace shock chamber, venturi is washed
Wash device and separating, washing tower, be respectively completed slag and bulky grain fine ash and drop in the synthesis gas for wait for dedusting washing separation,
The wetting of dust-laden synthesis gas and dust capture and agglomerate to form dust-laden drop, the synthesis gas with dust-laden drop and dust-laden drop separation
And the washing separation of subparticle.
According to cleaning dust device provided by the invention, it is preferable that the concrete structure of the gasification furnace shock chamber can be used
Corresponding construction in 20 2,016 006 668U1 of patent document DE.
In the gasification furnace shock chamber, the water quality of chilled water is very big on the influence of Quench indoor washing effect, contains
Grey solid content is lower, better to the primary wash effect of synthesis gas, separative efficiency is higher.Simultaneously because Quench room pressure is higher,
Consider energy consumption, the chilled water of shock chamber directly using by chilled water pumping come pressure is higher, separation that water quality is best is washed
Wash the supernatant liquor of tower epimere inner cavity, it is possible to reduce individually need heating, supercharging that the additional energy is brought to consume when supply chilled water
Take.
According to cleaning dust device provided by the invention, in a kind of example, in the Venturi scrubber, in its washing
Water outlet end is equipped with spinning disk.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that can be selected from the spinning disk of this field routine, belong to venturi
The universal design of class equipment can reach better with gas its purpose is to water and mix；Effect is to make liquid by runner variation
Body is sprayed with the cyclone mode of certain tangential velocity, is formed and is cut with gas, and mixing is strengthened.The setting of spinning disk can make washing
Water meets to form water mist with high speed synthesis gas at a certain angle, and the fine ash particle carried secretly in the drop and synthesis gas after atomization is violent
Collision, makes soot particle be humidified；The update collided between drop and drop can enable the cohesion of dust-laden drop grow up, increasing and gas
It is of poor quality.
Venturi scrubber with the synthesis gas being passed through by the washings for entering Venturi scrubber by carrying out high-speed impact
So that dust is entered liquid phase, and increases and form dust-laden drop.Venturi scrubber using by chilled water pumping come pressure it is higher,
The supernatant liquor of the best separating, washing tower epimere inner cavity of water quality can reduce the use of high temperature, high pressure buck in this way as washings
Amount saves energy consumption.High temperature, high pressure buck also can be used as its spare washings.
According to cleaning dust device provided by the invention, it is preferable that the separating, washing tower epimere inner cavity is equipped with chilled water
Outlet, for exporting the supernatant liquor in the epimere inner cavity；
The chilled water outlet of the water inlet of the Quench water pump and the separating, washing tower；The Quench water pump goes out
The mouth of a river is connected to the Quench water inlet of gasification furnace shock chamber；The water outlet of the Quench water pump also with the washing of Venturi scrubber
Water inlet is connected.
It is highly preferred that segmented baffle is equipped in the inner cavity of the separating, washing tower, it is described for the inner cavity to be divided into
Epimere inner cavity and hypomere inner cavity；Segmented baffle is in " inverted funnel " shape, and offers interface in its funnel bottle neck；It is segmented by being arranged
It is poly- along baffle after baffle can also make the droplet carried in the synthesis gas of hypomere inner cavity flow up and strike segmented baffle
Collection forms liquid film and is entered in the Heisui River of hypomere inner cavity by gravity；
The synthesis gas flow-guiding structure includes：Cross over pipe, the cross over pipe are located at intracavitary in the epimere, and cross over pipe
Bottom nozzle is connected with the interface of the segmented baffle so that the epimere inner cavity and the perforation of hypomere inner cavity.
It is furthermore preferred that the synthesis gas flow-guiding structure further includes waterproof guide plate；The waterproof guide plate is located at cross over pipe
Top and the nozzle for blocking cross over pipe top, and there are gaps between waterproof guide plate and the nozzle on cross over pipe top, so that by
The synthesis gas of the top nozzle outflow of cross over pipe uniformly spreads and flows into the epimere inner cavity.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the outer contour shape of the waterproof guide plate is in truncated cone-shaped.The waterproof
Guide plate is used to make that gas uniformly spread and column plate upward flows；After the droplet that synthesis gas carries hits waterproof guide plate
Prolong baffle to assemble to form liquid film and enter in the bottom water of epimere inner cavity by gravity；The waterproof guide plate can be with simultaneously
Prevent the washings to fall from entering in cross over pipe.The outer contour shape of the waterproof guide plate is designed as truncated cone-shaped, it can be to prevent
The impact that only following gas (containing drop) and top water are formed damages it, extends equipment service life.
Preferably, the bottom outer diameter of the waterproof guide plate is 1.5~2.5 times of the unicom pipe outside diameter；
Preferably, the cross over pipe and the plane where waterproof guide plate bottom and the plane where segmented baffle bottom
It is perpendicular.
According to cleaning dust device provided by the invention, it is preferable that the separating, washing tower further includes：Gas distributor,
For the synthesis gas with dust-laden drop entered by synthesis gas import to be distributed in intracavitary in hypomere；The gas distributor
In the hypomere inner cavity and with the synthesis gas inlet communication；
It is highly preferred that the gas distributor is the straight tube being arranged along synthesis gas import direction vertical tower body, it is described straight
Pipe one end is connect with synthesis gas import, and the other end is cecum, and is provided with gas flow guiding notch in the side wall of straight tube, for guide by
The relatively described straight tube of synthesis gas that synthesis gas import enters hypomere inner cavity flows diagonally downward；
It is highly preferred that the gas flow guiding notch is opened up along the length direction of the straight tube to the bottom sidewall of straight tube,
And two of gas flow guiding notch are along the angle of plane and horizontal plane where the notch side of the length direction extension of straight tube
15-45°；
It is highly preferred that in the straight tube, fluting area accounts for the 1/4~1/2 of straight tube sidewall surfaces product.
According to cleaning dust device provided by the invention, it is preferable that the lower sides of separating, washing tower epimere inner cavity open up
There are the first blowdown unicom mouth, the lower sides of separating, washing tower hypomere inner cavity to offer the second blowdown unicom mouth, first and second
Blowdown unicom mouth is connected by pipeline, by small flow or intermittent blowdown, is used for the sewage bottom institute of intracavitary in epimere
Being guided in hypomere inner cavity containing grey sewage for deposition, prevents deposition from blocking；
It offers Heisui River in separating, washing tower hypomere inner cavity and the position below the second blowdown unicom mouth and exports
The bottom of I, the separating, washing tower hypomere inner cavity offer Heisui River outlet II, are used to the production of discharge separating, washing tower hypomere inner cavity
The dust-laden sewage that raw Heisui River and epimere inner cavity generate.
It is furthermore preferred that the upper portion side wall of the epimere inner cavity of the separating, washing tower offers washing water inlet；Epimere inner cavity
In be provided with demister and washing column plate, and the demister be located at washing column plate and wash water inlet top；Pass through synthesis
Remaining subparticle in gas and counter current contacting of the washings on column plate, condensation and wetting removing synthesis gas；The synthesis gas
Outlet is opened in the top of the epimere inner cavity.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the syngas outlet of the Venturi scrubber is washed with described detach
Wash the synthesis gas import connection of tower.Synthesis gas soaks through Venturi scrubber and captures dust, cohesion forms the conjunction with dust-laden drop
At after gas enter separating, washing tower hypomere inner cavity, it is preferred that the syngas outlet of the Venturi scrubber is washed with described detach
The synthesis gas import for washing tower directly passes through flanged joint, it is possible to reduce the dust stratification of the pipeline of synthesis gas, blocking after venturi.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a kind of cleaning dust devices using synthesis gas as described above to synthesis
Gas carries out the technique of cleaning dust, includes the following steps：
(i) crude synthesis gas that gasification furnace vaporizer generates enters in gasification furnace shock chamber, is washed by chilled water
And cooling, the slag contained in crude synthesis gas, the drop of bulky grain fine ash and entrainment are isolated, the synthesis of preliminary purification is obtained
Gas, slag and Heisui River；
(ii) synthesis gas of the preliminary purification is fed through Venturi scrubber to soak, captures the ash in synthesis gas
Dirt simultaneously agglomerates, and forms the synthesis gas with dust-laden drop；
(iii) synthesis gas that dust-laden drop is carried in Venturi scrubber enters separating, washing tower through synthesis gas import, and
Epimere inner cavity is flowed to by hypomere inner cavity, through sedimentation separation and washing, the synthesis gas, sewage and the Heisui River that are purified；
Supernatant liquor in separating, washing tower epimere inner cavity is pumped into gasification furnace shock chamber by Quench water pump and venturi is washed
Device is washed, the washings of chilled water and Venturi scrubber respectively as the gasification furnace shock chamber use.
According to technique provided by the invention, it is preferable that the slag and bulky grain fine ash that step (i) is isolated are gone into thick slag
Slag bath is handled.
Preferably, in step (iii), the synthesis gas with dust-laden drop enters the hypomere inner cavity of separating, washing tower,
Epimere inner cavity is entered by cross over pipe in tower body, gravitational settling and washing water washing, the conjunction after being purified are carried out to synthesis gas
At gas, sewage and Heisui River.
According to technique provided by the invention, it is preferable that the lower sides of separating, washing tower epimere inner cavity offer first row
The lower sides of dirty unicom mouth, separating, washing tower hypomere inner cavity offer the second blowdown unicom mouth, first and second blowdown unicom
Mouth is connected by pipeline；It is offered in separating, washing tower hypomere inner cavity and the position below the second blowdown unicom mouth
Heisui River exports I, and the bottom of the separating, washing tower hypomere inner cavity offers Heisui River outlet II；
In step (iii), the dust-laden sewage deposited in the epimere inner cavity of separating, washing tower is discharged by the first blowdown unicom mouth,
And enter the hypomere inner cavity of separating, washing tower through the second blowdown unicom mouth, and I and Heisui River outlet II discharges are exported by Heisui River.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the Heisui River of the separating, washing tower and the discharge of gasification furnace shock chamber is sent into black
Water treatment system precipitated, filter and separating treatment after, become high temperature after heated, pressurization, high pressure buck returns again to separation
Scrubbing tower is as washing water reuse.
The present invention achieves that dust-laden drop separation and subparticle are washed by separate unit separating, washing tower, bottom of chamber in epimere
The dust-laden buck in portion enters hypomere inner cavity by the form of small flow blowdown, together with high solids Heisui River of hypomere intracavity bottom
Outer row, the supernatant liquor of epimere inner cavity, which by chilled water is pumped into shock chamber, is used as chilled water and uses, and solid content is low, solid
Grain granularity smaller, water quality are more preferable, can not only reduce fouling in chilling ring and block but also be conducive to direct Quench containing grey synthesis gas and
Washing, improves the primary wash efficiency of shock chamber, makes that system includes grey Heisui River and washings utilization is more reasonable.
The Heisui River that separating, washing tower epimere intracavity bottom and hypomere inner cavity generate is connected on the outside of tower, and Heisui River is only by dividing
It is discharged from scrubbing tower hypomere inner cavity, reduces the total length of relevant Heisui River valve and Heisui River pipeline, be conducive to operation and maintenance and section
Investment-saving.
Because most of dirt in synthesis gas and ash are separated in the hypomere inner cavity of shock chamber and separating, washing tower, drop
The low dust removal requirement to column plate in Venturi scrubber and separating, washing tower epimere inner cavity makes Venturi scrubbing water and column plate wash
The water consumption for washing water decreases, and these water are all by pumping high temperature, high pressure used in pressurized delivered, especially column plate
Buck (needs to be pressurized to high pressure from normal pressure, energy consumption is big), and the reduction of dosage can effectively reduce the energy consumption of buck pressurization, heating,
Save the energy.
The advantageous effect that technical solution of the present invention is brought is：
(1) point that gasification furnace shock chamber and Venturi scrubber are good using water quality, dustiness is low and solid particle granularity is small
From scrubbing tower supernatant liquor as washings, under the premise of meeting cleaning dust requirement, preferentially using in cleaning dust device
Separating, washing tower discharge high temperature, high pressure clear liquid, reduce the height by being sent into entire cleaning dust device after heating, pressurizeing
Temperature, the dosage of high pressure buck, reductions of dosage can effectively reduce the energy consumption of buck pressurization, heating, reduce usage on black water with
The energy consumptions such as buck pressurization heating, save the energy.
(2) cleaning dust device overall flow of the invention is compact, equipment number of units is few, valve control less, take up an area and throw
Washing requirement, it can be achieved that synthesis gas is provided while low, drag losses are small, and final gained synthesis gas dustiness is less than 1mg/Nm3。
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the cleaning dust device of synthesis gas of the present invention.
Fig. 2 be cleaning dust device of the present invention a kind of example in separating, washing tower structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the structure enlargement diagram of the parts circle Z in separating, washing tower shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is gas distributor in separating, washing tower shown in Fig. 2 along the schematic cross-sectional view figure of line C-C.
Fig. 5 is the schematic elevation view of gas distributor in separating, washing tower shown in Fig. 2.
Above-mentioned figure label is described as follows：
1- gasification furnace vaporizers, 2- gasification furnaces shock chamber, 3- Venturi scrubbers, 4- separating, washing towers, 5- Quench water pumps,
The thick slags of 6- remove slag bath, 7- black water treatment systems, 8- high temperature, high pressure buck, condensate liquids of the 9- from downstream, and 10- is sent to downstream
Synthesis gas；
4-1~syngas outlet, 4-2~demister, 4-3~washing water inlet, 4-4~column plate, 4-5~chilled water go out
Mouthful, the blowdown unicom mouth of 4-6~cross over pipe, 4-7~first, the blowdown unicom mouths of 4-7 '~second, 4-8~gas distributor, 4-9~
Heisui River exports I, 4-10~Heisui River outlet II, 4-11~synthesis gas import, 4-12~segmented baffle, 4-13~waterproof guide plate,
4-14~tower body.
Specific implementation mode
In order to which the technical characteristic and content of the present invention is understood in detail, the excellent of the present invention is described in more detail below
Select embodiment.Although describing the preferred embodiment of the present invention in embodiment, however, it is to be appreciated that can be in a variety of manners
Realize the present invention without should be limited by embodiments set forth herein.
In a kind of example of the present invention, the cleaning dust device of synthesis gas is as shown in Figure 1, include：
The gasification furnace shock chamber 2 being connected with gasification furnace vaporizer 1, the thick synthesis for being generated to gasification furnace vaporizer 1
Gas is washed and is cooled down to detach the drop of slag contained therein, bulky grain fine ash and entrainment, and the conjunction of preliminary purification is obtained
At gas, slag and Heisui River；
Venturi scrubber 3 makes dust quilt for being soaked to the synthesis gas through the processing of gasification furnace shock chamber 2 gained
The washings of atomization are captured and are agglomerated, and form the synthesis gas with dust-laden drop；
The inner cavity of separating, washing tower 4, the separating, washing tower 4 is divided into epimere inner cavity and hypomere inner cavity；In the hypomere
Chamber is equipped with synthesis gas import 4-11, for receiving from 3 synthesis gas of the gained with dust-laden drop of Venturi scrubber；The epimere
The synthesis gas for making synthesis gas of the intracavitary with dust-laden drop in hypomere enter epimere inner cavity is equipped between inner cavity and hypomere inner cavity
Flow-guiding structure；The epimere inner cavity be used for wash enter epimere in intracavitary synthesis gas to remove wherein remaining subparticle,
And obtain the synthesis gas of purification, sewage；The epimere inner cavity is equipped with the syngas outlet 4- exported for the synthesis gas of the purification
1；
Quench water pump 5, for using at least part of supernatant liquor in sewage upper layer of 4 epimere inner cavity of separating, washing tower as sharp
Circulating chilled water is sent to gasification furnace shock chamber 2, and for the sewage upper layer of 4 epimere inner cavity of separating, washing tower is at least part of
Layer clear liquid is sent as washings cycle to Venturi scrubber 3.
In a preferred embodiment, the cleaning dust device further includes：Black water treatment system 7, for separation
The Heisui River that scrubbing tower 4 and gasification furnace shock chamber 2 are discharged through being depressured to normal pressure, cooling down, precipitated, filtered and be separated by solid-liquid separation, with
Obtain buck；Heated again, pressurization (usual pressure is higher than vapor pressure 0.5MpaG, and temperature is 150~160 DEG C) returns afterwards
The washings of separating, washing tower 4 are made in system reuse.
Gasification furnace shock chamber commonly used in the art, a kind of preferred embodiment may be used in the gasification furnace shock chamber of the present invention
In, the concrete structure of the gasification furnace shock chamber 2 can be used the gasification furnace in 20 2,016 006 668 U1 of patent document DE and swash
Cold house.The chilled water of shock chamber directly using by chilled water pumping come pressure is higher, separating, washing tower epimere that water quality is best
The supernatant liquor of inner cavity, it is possible to reduce individually heating, supercharging is needed to bring additional energy consumption when supply chilled water.
Venturi scrubber commonly used in the art, a kind of preferred embodiment may be used in the Venturi scrubber of the present invention
In, it is equipped with spinning disk in the washing water outlet end of the Venturi scrubber.Using by chilled water pumping come pressure is higher, water
The supernatant liquor of the preferable separating, washing tower epimere inner cavity of matter can reduce the dosage of high temperature, high pressure buck as washings, save
Energy consumption.Venturi scrubber is high by carrying out its washings with the synthesis gas being passed through from the syngas outlet of gasification furnace shock chamber
Speed hits that dust is made to enter liquid phase, and increases and form dust-laden drop.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, 4 epimere inner cavity of the separating, washing tower is equipped with Quench water out
4-5, for exporting the supernatant liquor in the epimere inner cavity；
The water inlet of the Quench water pump 5 is connected to the Quench water out 4-5 of the separating, washing tower；The Quench water pump
5 water outlet is connected to the Quench water inlet of gasification furnace shock chamber 2；The water outlet of the Quench water pump 5 also with Venturi scrubbing
The washing water inlet of device 3 is connected.
Segmented baffle 4-12 is equipped in the inner cavity of the separating, washing tower 4, for the inner cavity to be divided into the epimere
Inner cavity and hypomere inner cavity；In a preferred embodiment, segmented baffle 4-12 is in " inverted funnel " shape, and is offered in its funnel bottle neck
Interface；
The synthesis gas flow-guiding structure includes：Cross over pipe 4-6, the cross over pipe 4-6 is located at intracavitary in the epimere, and joins
The bottom nozzle of siphunculus is connected with the interface of the segmented baffle 4-12 so that the epimere inner cavity and the perforation of hypomere inner cavity.Point
Section baffle 4-12 can bear the liquid level for the certain altitude that material is formed in epimere inner cavity.
The synthesis gas flow-guiding structure further includes waterproof guide plate 4-13；The waterproof guide plate 4-13 is located at cross over pipe 4-
6 tops and the nozzle for blocking cross over pipe top, and between waterproof guide plate 4-13 and the nozzle on the tops cross over pipe 4-6 there are
Gap, so as to uniformly be spread by the synthesis gas of the top nozzle outflow of cross over pipe and flowed into the epimere inner cavity.
In fig. 2, arrow shown in indicates entry into the synthesis gas flow direction with dust-laden drop in separating, washing tower.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown in figure 3, the outer contour shape of the waterproof guide plate 4-13 is in circle
Platform shape；And 1.5~2.5 times that the bottom outer diameter b of waterproof guide plate 4-13 is the cross over pipe 4-6 outer diameters a.A kind of preferred reality
It applies in mode, where the plane and the bottoms segmented baffle 4-12 where the cross over pipe 4-6 and the bottoms waterproof guide plate 4-13
Plane it is perpendicular.On the one hand for making, gas uniformly spread and column plate 4-4 upward flows by the waterproof guide plate 4-13
It is dynamic；The droplet that synthesis gas carries is assembled to form liquid film and enter epimere by gravity along baffle after hitting waterproof guide plate
In the bottom water of inner cavity；On the other hand the washings for being also prevented from whereabouts enter in cross over pipe 4-6.
The separating, washing tower 4 further includes：Gas distributor 4-8, for it will be entered by synthesis gas import 4-11 described in
Synthesis gas with dust-laden drop is distributed in intracavitary in hypomere；The gas distributor 4-8 be located in the hypomere inner cavity and with institute
State synthesis gas import 4-11 connections；
As shown in figure 5, the gas distributor 4-8 is straight to be arranged along synthesis gas import direction vertical tower body 4-14
Pipe, described straight tube one end are connect with synthesis gas import 4-11, and the other end is cecum, and is provided with gas flow guiding slot in the side wall of straight tube
Mouthful, for guiding the relatively described straight tube of synthesis gas for entering hypomere inner cavity by synthesis gas import 4-11 to flow diagonally downward；Band contains
The synthesis gas of dirt drop is dispersed in the hypomere inner cavity by gas distributor 4-8 and is oliquely downward sprayed by included angle
Go out, the residence time is improved as far as possible under the submission for avoiding washing away shell, so that synthesis gas and dust-containing liquid is dropped in lower lumen and lead to
It crosses utilization gravity of poor quality and realizes gas-liquid separation.
The gas flow guiding notch as shown in Figure 4 is opened up along the length direction of the straight tube to the bottom sidewall of straight tube,
And two of gas flow guiding notch are along the angle theta of plane and horizontal plane where the notch side of the length direction extension of straight tube
15-45 °, to ensure the consistency of stream circulation and flow smoothly；
In the straight tube, fluting area accounts for the 1/4~1/2 of straight tube sidewall surfaces product.
The lower sides of 4 epimere inner cavity of separating, washing tower offer the first blowdown unicom mouth 4-7, in separating, washing tower hypomere
The lower sides of chamber offer the second blowdown unicom mouth 4-7 ', first and second blowdown unicom mouth is connected by pipeline, is used for
The dust-laden sewage that the sewage bottom of intracavitary in epimere is deposited is guided in hypomere inner cavity；
Heisui River is offered in 4 hypomere inner cavity of separating, washing tower and the position below the second blowdown unicom mouth 4-7 '
I 4-9 are exported, the bottom of 4 hypomere inner cavity of the separating, washing tower offers Heisui River outlet II 4-10, is used to discharge separation and washes
Wash the Heisui River of tower hypomere inner cavity generation and the dust-laden sewage of epimere inner cavity generation；
The upper portion side wall of the epimere inner cavity of separating, washing tower 4 offers washing water inlet 4-3；It is provided with and removes in epimere inner cavity
Foam device 4-2 and washing column plate 4-4, and the demister 4-2 is located at washing column plate 4-4 and washs the top of water inlet 4-3；Pass through
Synthesis gas and counter current contacting of the washings on column plate, condensation and wetting removing are through remaining subparticle in synthesis gas；It is described
Syngas outlet 4-1 is opened in the top of the epimere inner cavity.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the syngas outlet of the Venturi scrubber 3 and the synthesis
Gas import 4-11 passes through flanged joint, it is possible to reduce the dust stratification of the pipeline of synthesis gas, blocking after venturi.
Below in one embodiment of the present invention, being carried out to synthesis gas using the cleaning dust device as described in figure 1 above
The technique of cleaning dust is introduced, which mainly includes the following steps：
(i) crude synthesis gas that gasification furnace vaporizer 1 generates enters in gasification furnace shock chamber 2, is washed by chilled water
It washs and cools down, isolate the slag contained in crude synthesis gas, the drop of bulky grain fine ash and entrainment, obtain the synthesis of preliminary purification
Gas, slag and Heisui River；
(ii) synthesis gas of the preliminary purification is fed through Venturi scrubber 3 to soak, is captured in synthesis gas
Dust simultaneously agglomerates, and forms the synthesis gas with dust-laden drop；
(iii) synthesis gas that dust-laden drop is carried in Venturi scrubber 3 enters separating, washing through synthesis gas import 4-11
Tower 4, and epimere inner cavity is flowed to by hypomere inner cavity, through sedimentation separation and washing, the synthesis gas that is purified, sewage and black
Water；
The clear liquid at the middle and upper levels of 4 epimere inner cavity of separating, washing tower is pumped into gasification furnace shock chamber 2 and venturi by Quench water pump 5
The washings of washer 3, chilled water and Venturi scrubber 3 respectively as the gasification furnace shock chamber 2 use.
In a preferred embodiment, (i) crude synthesis gas of the generation of gasification furnace vaporizer 1 enters in gasification furnace shock chamber 2,
By the cooling of chilled water moisture film and enter water bath shampoo face hereinafter, being washed and being cooled down in a water bath, isolates in crude synthesis gas
The drop of the slag, bulky grain fine ash and entrainment that contain obtains the synthesis gas, slag and Heisui River of preliminary purification；Slag and big
Grain fine ash goes slag bath 6 to be handled into thick slag, and Heisui River enters black water treatment system 7 and precipitated and filtered.
In a preferred embodiment, the synthesis gas of the preliminary purification is fed through Venturi scrubber 3 by (ii), by washing
It washs water wetting wetting and captures dust, cohesion is entered by synthesis gas import 4-11 under separating, washing tower 4 after forming dust-laden drop
Section inner cavity, the syngas outlet of Venturi scrubber 3 pass through flanged joint with the synthesis gas import 4-11；It is distributed according to gas
The runner of device 4-8, gas are flowed downward with entering hypomere inner cavity obliquely, and speed continuously decreases, and liquid passes through weight because of poor quality
Force effect is segregated into the Heisui River of bottom.
In a preferred embodiment, (iii) enters the synthesis gas with dust-laden drop of separating, washing tower 4 by segmented baffle
After 4-12, by communicating pipe 4-6 in tower body 4-14 by hypomere inner cavity to epimere inner cavity, in this course, most of drop
Entrainment fine ash is by gravitational settling or hits cohesion after segmented baffle and forms liquid film in scrubbing tower hypomere inner cavity by sedimentation separation, into
In the Heisui River for entering hypomere intracavity bottom；Micro dust-laden drop and fine particle with synthesis gas by cross over pipe 4-6 to separation
The epimere inner cavity of scrubbing tower is flowed, and in uphill process, part dust-laden drop and fine ash particle settle whereabouts in cross over pipe 4-6
Or cohesion after the waterproof guide plate 4-13 on the tops cross over pipe 4-6 is struck upwards form liquid film and fall and enter epimere inner cavity
Water phase in；
4 epimere inner cavity (washing section) of separating, washing tower is used to wash micro subparticle damaged in separating synthetic gas,
The column plate 4-4 that synthesis gas is equipped with by tower tray, remaining fine fine ash in washed water washing, condensation, separating synthetic gas；It washes
Bubble-cap can be used in column plate 4-4 optional 4~6 pieces and 2~4 washings water inlet 4-3, the column plate 4-4 of upper layer washing for washing use
Formula or float-valve type, washings are the condensate liquid 9 from downstream entered by condensate inlet (not marked in figure)；Middle lower layer washes
The column plate 4-4 washed can be used solid valve type or sieve-board type, and washings are that black water treatment system 7 is precipitated, filtered and separating treatment
Afterwards, heated, reuse after pressurization high temperature, high pressure buck 8, are entered by washing water inlet 4-3 in tower；Pass through the foam removal at top
The form of the foam and drop carried secretly in synthesis gas in device 4-2 separation column plate washing process, demister can be that this field is conventional
Baffle plate type or spiral-flow plate-type；Finally, the demister 4-2 separation through separating, washing top of tower is needed to send to the synthesis gas 10 in downstream
Through syngas outlet 4-1 discharge, into down-stream system after the mist of entrainment.
Sewage in the epimere inner cavity of separating, washing tower 4 may deposit, and the dust-laden sewage of bottom is continuous by small flow
Or the mode of interval blowdown is discharged by the first blowdown unicom mouth 4-7, and through being communicated in the first blowdown unicom mouth 4-7 and the second blowdown
The pipeline of communication port 4-7 ' and the hypomere inner cavity for entering separating, washing tower 4.To the dust-laden sewage of epimere inner cavity and hypomere inner cavity
The Heisui River of generation exports I 4-9 by Heisui River together and Heisui River exports II 4-10 discharges.
Wherein, the supernatant liquor of 4 epimere inner cavity of separating, washing tower passes through Quench water pump 5 after the 4-5 outflows of Quench water out
It is pumped into gasification furnace shock chamber 2 and Venturi scrubber 3, is washed respectively as the chilled water and venturi of the gasification furnace shock chamber 2
Wash the washings of device 3.
The Heisui River that separating, washing tower 4 and gasification furnace shock chamber 2 are discharged be sent into black water treatment system 7 precipitated, filter and
After separating treatment, heated, pressurization returns again to system as high temperature, high pressure ash water recycling.
By the washing knockout tower 4 of internal chamber section, the dustiness in synthesis gas is separated in hypomere Heisui River and is discharged it is
System, the good supernatant liquor of epimere water quality after Quench water out 4-5 by Quench water pump 5 be sent to gasification furnace shock chamber 2 be used as it is sharp
The washings of cold water and Venturi scrubber 3 use, it is ensured that shock chamber and the better washing effect of venturi.
4 hypomere of gasification furnace shock chamber 2 and separating, washing tower contains solid black water discharge to black water treatment system 7 through precipitation, mistake
After filter, separation, as high temperature, high pressure buck return system reuse after pressurized, heating.The washings of 4 epimere of separating, washing tower
It can be the condensate liquid that high temperature, high pressure buck and the rear system of reuse are sent.
Embodiment 1：
Air flow bed coal water slurry gasifying device generates synthesis gas, vapor pressure 6.5MPaG, coal feeding amount about 2000t/d, and gasification is used
Content of ashes 10% in coal.The cleaning dust of synthesis gas is carried out using the cleaning dust device of above-mentioned synthesis gas shown in FIG. 1, is swashed
Cold house's inner separator uses spiral board form；The bottom surface radius of waterproof guide plate is be connected to pipe outside diameter 2 times in separating, washing tower；
The included angle of fluting straight pipe is 20 °, and fluting area accounts for the 40% of straight pipe surface area；Separating, washing tower epimere inner cavity is arranged
5 stratotype column plates, wherein being for most upper two layers float-valve type, excess-three layer is solid valve type, and washings two-way supplies water, be condensate liquid all the way from
Condensate liquid import (being not drawn into figure) enters, and is high temperature all the way, (pressure is height to high pressure buck positioned at the first floor column plate of tower tray
In vapor pressure 0.5MpaG, temperature is 150 DEG C), it is located at third layer column plate；The demister of separating, washing tower uses spiral board shape
Formula.Ash content and a small amount of carbon not reacted completely enter gasification furnace shock chamber in solid form after quenching after gasification reaction,
The granularity of middle 50wt% or so (about 4800kg/h) is that the solid particle of 3mm sweeps along little particle dust by gravity by slag bath
Discharge；Little particle dust of the remaining granularity in 0.1um~150um then passes through gasification furnace shock chamber, Venturi scrubber respectively
And the column plate of separating, washing tower hypomere inner cavity, separating, washing tower epimere inner cavity carries out cleaning dust.Wherein 75%wt's or so
Little particle dust (about 3500kg/h) is separated in the washing of gasification furnace shock chamber by chilled water and enters usage on black water with Heisui River
System；20wt% or so little particles dust (about 960kg/h) is after Venturi scrubber soaks in separating, washing tower hypomere inner cavity
In be separated and be discharged into black water treatment system with Heisui River；Remaining fine dust (about 323kg/h, 0.1~5um of granularity) into
Enter separating, washing tower epimere inner cavity, continues to detach by washing column plate and demister, be ultimately delivered in the synthesis gas of down-stream system
Dustiness is less than 1mg/Nm3, dust in washings passes through except a small amount of dust-laden sewage that formed between the first, second blowdown communication port
Unicom pipeline enter hypomere inner cavity and be drained into outside black water treatment system with Heisui River, remaining is suspended in supernatant liquor (liquid
Solid content is less than 0.1wt%, 0.1~5um of solid granularity) and be discharged from Quench water out and be quenched water pump and be respectively fed to gasify
Stove shock chamber and Venturi scrubber are used as chilled water and washings, total water consumption about 360t/h (wherein Venturi scrubbings
Water about 90t/h, chilled water 270t/h).
In addition, being compared to conventional washing flow, the application is meeting synthesis gas and melting because of the variation of chilled water water quality
Lime-ash is cooled down under conditions of dedusting, and Quench water consumption reduces 10% or so；Because intracavitary synthesis gas contains in separating, washing tower epimere
Dust quantity lowers, and washing water consumption can reduce by 5% or so.This set system can save 300,000 kw*h of power consumption every year.
Embodiment 2：
Air flow bed dry powder coal gasification apparatus generates synthesis gas, vapor pressure 4.0MPaG, coal feeding amount about 1500t/d, and gasification is used
Content of ashes 25% or so in coal.The washing that synthesis gas is carried out using the cleaning dust device of above-mentioned synthesis gas shown in FIG. 1 is removed
Dirt, the indoor separator of gasification furnace Quench use spiral board form；The bottom surface radius of waterproof guide plate is to connect in separating, washing tower
2.2 times of siphunculus outer diameter；The included angle of straight pipe of slotting is 30 °, and fluting area stands erectly the 30% of pipeline section surface area；Separation is washed
It washs tower epimere inner cavity and 5 stratotype column plates is set, wherein being for most upper two layers bubble-cap type, excess-three layer is solid valve type, and washings two-way supplies
Water, condensate liquid enters from condensate liquid import (being not drawn into figure) all the way and positioned at the first floor column plate of tower tray, high temperature, high pressure are grey all the way
Water (pressure is higher than vapor pressure 0.5MpaG, and temperature is 150 DEG C) is located at third layer column plate；Demister is adopted in separating, washing tower
With baffle plate form.Ash content and a small amount of carbon not reacted completely enter gasification furnace in solid form after quenching after gasification reaction
The granularity of shock chamber, wherein 70wt% or so (about 11600kg/h) is that the solid particle of 3mm sweeps along little particle dust to pass through gravity
Effect is discharged by slag bath；Little particle dust of the remaining granularity in 0.1um~100um then passes through gasification furnace shock chamber, text respectively
Washer and the column plate of separating, washing tower hypomere inner cavity, separating, washing tower epimere inner cavity carry out cleaning dust in mound.Wherein 70%
The little particle dust (about 3500kg/h) of wt or so by chilled water gasification furnace shock chamber it is washed separate and with Heisui River into
Enter black water treatment system；20wt% or so little particles dust (about 1000kg/h) is after Venturi scrubber soaks in separating, washing
It is separated in tower hypomere inner cavity and is discharged into black water treatment system with Heisui River；Remaining fine dust (about 462kg/h, granularity
0.1~2um) enter separating, washing tower epimere inner cavity, continue to detach by washing column plate and demister, is ultimately delivered to down-stream system
Synthesis gas in dustiness be less than 1mg/Nm3, dust in washings passes through the first, second blowdown except a small amount of dust-laden sewage that formed
Unicom pipeline between communication port enters hypomere inner cavity and is drained into outside black water treatment system with Heisui River, and it is clear that remaining is suspended in upper layer
It (liquid solid content be less than 0.2wt%, 0.1~2um of solid granularity) and is discharged from Quench water out in liquid and is quenched water pump point
Not Song Ru gasification furnace shock chamber and Venturi scrubber used as chilled water and washings, total water consumption about 285t/h is (wherein
Venturi scrubbing water about 65t/h, chilled water 220t/h).
It is compared to conventional washing flow, the application is meeting synthesis gas and molten ash because of the variation of chilled water water quality
Under conditions of cooling and dedusting, Quench water consumption reduces 8% or so；Because synthesis gas dustiness subtracts in separating, washing tower epimere cavity
Low, washing water consumption can reduce by 7% or so, this set system can save 200,000 kw*h of power consumption every year.
Various embodiments of the present invention are described above, above description is exemplary, and non-exclusive, and
It is not limited to disclosed each embodiment.Without departing from the scope and spirit of illustrated each embodiment, for this skill
Many modifications and changes will be apparent from for the those of ordinary skill in art field.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cleaning dust device of synthesis gas, which is characterized in that including：
The gasification furnace shock chamber (2) being connected with gasification furnace vaporizer (1), the thick conjunction for being generated to gasification furnace vaporizer (1)
It is washed and is cooled down at gas to detach the drop of slag contained therein, bulky grain fine ash and entrainment, obtain preliminary purification
Synthesis gas, slag and Heisui River；
Venturi scrubber (3) forms band and contains for being soaked to the synthesis gas through gasification furnace shock chamber (2) processing gained
The synthesis gas of dirt drop；
The inner cavity of separating, washing tower (4), the separating, washing tower (4) is divided into epimere inner cavity and hypomere inner cavity；In the hypomere
Chamber is equipped with synthesis gas import (4-11), for receiving from synthesis gas of Venturi scrubber (3) gained with dust-laden drop；It is described
The conjunction for making synthesis gas of the intracavitary with dust-laden drop in hypomere enter epimere inner cavity is equipped between epimere inner cavity and hypomere inner cavity
At conductance flow structure；The epimere inner cavity is used to wash fine wherein remaining to remove into the synthesis gas of intracavitary in epimere
Grain, and obtain the synthesis gas of purification, sewage；The epimere inner cavity is equipped with the syngas outlet exported for the synthesis gas of the purification
(4-1)；
Quench water pump (5), for using at least part of supernatant liquor in sewage upper layer of separating, washing tower (4) epimere inner cavity as sharp
Circulating chilled water is sent to gasification furnace shock chamber (2), and is used for the sewage upper layer of separating, washing tower (4) epimere inner cavity at least partly
Supernatant liquor as washings cycle send to Venturi scrubber (3)；
Preferably, the cleaning dust device further includes：Black water treatment system (7), for separating, washing tower (4) and gasification furnace
The Heisui River of shock chamber (2) discharge is precipitated and is filtered, to obtain buck and the washings of separating, washing tower (4) are made in reuse.
2. cleaning dust device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that separating, washing tower (4) the epimere inner cavity is set
There is Quench water out (4-5), for exporting the supernatant liquor in the epimere inner cavity；
The water inlet of the Quench water pump (5) is connected to the Quench water out (4-5) of the separating, washing tower；The Quench water pump
(5) water outlet is connected to the Quench water inlet of gasification furnace shock chamber (2)；The water outlet of the Quench water pump (5) also with literary mound
In the washing water inlet of washer (3) be connected.
3. cleaning dust device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that set in the inner cavity of the separating, washing tower (4)
There is segmented baffle (4-12), for the inner cavity to be divided into the epimere inner cavity and hypomere inner cavity；Preferably, segmented baffle
(4-12) is in " inverted funnel " shape, and offers interface in its funnel bottle neck；
The synthesis gas flow-guiding structure includes：Cross over pipe (4-6), the cross over pipe (4-6) is located at intracavitary in the epimere, and joins
The bottom nozzle of siphunculus is connected with the interface of the segmented baffle (4-12) so that the epimere inner cavity and the perforation of hypomere inner cavity；
Preferably, the synthesis gas flow-guiding structure further includes waterproof guide plate (4-13)；The waterproof guide plate (4-13) is located at
The cross over pipe top (4-6) and the nozzle for blocking cross over pipe top, and the pipe of waterproof guide plate (4-13) and the top cross over pipe (4-6)
There are gaps between mouthful, so as to be spread by the synthesis gas of the top nozzle outflow of cross over pipe and flowed into the epimere inner cavity.
4. cleaning dust device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the outer profile of the waterproof guide plate (4-13)
Shape is in truncated cone-shaped；
Preferably, the bottom outer diameter of the waterproof guide plate (4-13) is 1.5~2.5 times of the cross over pipe (4-6) outer diameter；
Preferably, the cross over pipe (4-6) and the plane and segmented baffle (4-12) where the bottom waterproof guide plate (4-13)
Plane where bottom is perpendicular.
5. cleaning dust device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the separating, washing tower (4) further includes：Gas
Distributor (4-8), for the synthesis gas with dust-laden drop entered by synthesis gas import (4-11) to be distributed in hypomere
Intracavitary；The gas distributor (4-8) is located in the hypomere inner cavity and is connected to the synthesis gas import (4-11)；
Preferably, the gas distributor (4-8) is the straight tube being arranged along synthesis gas import direction vertical tower body (4-14), institute
Straight tube one end to be stated to connect with synthesis gas import (4-11), the other end is cecum, and is provided with gas flow guiding notch in the side wall of straight tube,
For guiding the relatively described straight tube of synthesis gas for entering hypomere inner cavity by synthesis gas import (4-11) to flow diagonally downward；
Preferably, the gas flow guiding notch is opened up along the length direction of the straight tube to the bottom sidewall of straight tube, and gas
The angle of plane and horizontal plane where the notch side that two of water conservancy diversion notch extend along the length direction of straight tube is 15-45 °；
Preferably, in the straight tube, fluting area accounts for the 1/4~1/2 of straight tube sidewall surfaces product.
6. cleaning dust device according to any one of claims 1-5, which is characterized in that separating, washing tower (4) epimere
The lower sides of inner cavity offer the first blowdown unicom mouth (4-7), and the lower sides of separating, washing tower hypomere inner cavity offer
Two blowdown unicom mouths (4-7 '), first and second blowdown unicom mouth are connected by pipeline, are used for the sewage of intracavitary in epimere
The dust-laden sewage that bottom is deposited is guided in hypomere inner cavity；
Heisui River is offered in separating, washing tower (4) hypomere inner cavity and the position below the second blowdown unicom mouth (4-7 ')
I (4-9) is exported, the bottom of separating, washing tower (4) the hypomere inner cavity offers Heisui River outlet II (4-10), is used to discharge point
The dust-laden sewage that the Heisui River and epimere inner cavity generated from scrubbing tower hypomere inner cavity generates；
Preferably, the upper portion side wall of the epimere inner cavity of the separating, washing tower (4) offers washing water inlet (4-3)；In epimere
Demister (4-2) and washing column plate (4-4) are provided in chamber, and the demister (4-2) is located at washing column plate (4-4) and washing
The top of water inlet (4-3)；The syngas outlet (4-1) is opened in the top of the epimere inner cavity.
7. according to claim 1-5 any one of them cleaning dust devices, which is characterized in that the Venturi scrubber (3)
Syngas outlet connect with the synthesis gas import (4-11) of the separating, washing tower (4)；Preferably, the Venturi scrubber
(3) syngas outlet passes through flanged joint with the synthesis gas import (4-11).
8. a kind of cleaning dust device using as described in any one of claim 1-7 carries out synthesis gas the work of cleaning dust
Skill, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(i) crude synthesis gas that gasification furnace vaporizer (1) generates enters in gasification furnace shock chamber (2), is washed by chilled water
It washs and cools down, isolate the slag contained in crude synthesis gas, the drop of bulky grain fine ash and entrainment, obtain the synthesis of preliminary purification
Gas, slag and Heisui River；
(ii) synthesis gas of the preliminary purification is fed through Venturi scrubber (3) to soak, captures the ash in synthesis gas
Dirt simultaneously agglomerates, and forms the synthesis gas with dust-laden drop；
(iii) synthesis gas that dust-laden drop is carried in Venturi scrubber (3) enters separating, washing through synthesis gas import (4-11)
Tower (4), and epimere inner cavity is flowed to by hypomere inner cavity, through sedimentation separation and washing, the synthesis gas that is purified, sewage and black
Water；
Supernatant liquor in separating, washing tower (4) epimere inner cavity is pumped into gasification furnace shock chamber (2) He Wenqiu by Quench water pump (5)
In washer (3), the washings of chilled water and Venturi scrubber (3) respectively as the gasification furnace shock chamber (2) use.
9. cleaning dust technique according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the slag isolated in step (i) and big
Grain fine ash goes slag bath to be handled into thick slag；
In step (iii), after the synthesis gas with dust-laden drop enters the hypomere inner cavity of separating, washing tower (4), in tower body (4-
14) epimere inner cavity is entered by cross over pipe (4-6) in, synthesis gas is through gravitational settling and washing, synthesis gas, dirt after being purified
Water and Heisui River.
10. cleaning dust technique according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the lower part of separating, washing tower (4) epimere inner cavity
Side wall offers the first blowdown unicom mouth (4-7), and the lower sides of separating, washing tower hypomere inner cavity offer the second blowdown unicom
Mouth (4-7 '), first and second blowdown unicom mouth are connected by pipeline；In separating, washing tower (4) hypomere inner cavity and positioned at described
Position below second blowdown unicom mouth (4-7 ') offers Heisui River outlet I (4-9), separating, washing tower (4) the hypomere inner cavity
Bottom offer Heisui River outlet II (4-10)；
In step (iii), the dust-laden sewage deposited in the epimere inner cavity of separating, washing tower (4) is by the first blowdown unicom mouth (4-7)
Discharge, and through the second blowdown unicom mouth (4-7 ') into the hypomere inner cavity of separating, washing tower (4), and pass through Heisui River and export I (4-9)
It is discharged with Heisui River outlet II (4-10)；
Preferably, the separating, washing tower (4) and gasification furnace shock chamber (2) discharge Heisui River be sent into black water treatment system (7) into
After row precipitation, filtering and separating treatment, become high temperature after heated, pressurization, high pressure buck returns again to separating, washing tower (4) conduct
Washing water reuse.
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