CN108439703B - System and method for comprehensive treatment of plain slow flow and Duantou creek water body - Google Patents
System and method for comprehensive treatment of plain slow flow and Duantou creek water body Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive treatment system and method for a plain slow flow and Duantou creek water body, and belongs to the field of water environment treatment. The system comprises a filtering treatment device and a jet flow lifting device; the method comprises the steps of utilizing a jet flow lifting device to lift a river water body to a filtering treatment device on a bank, then carrying out combined purification of physical filtration and biodegradation, and enabling the treated water to automatically flow back to the river water, so that circulation treatment on plain slow flow and branchings and creek water bodies is formed. Aiming at the problem of poor purification effect of the existing plain slow flow and Duantou creek treatment technology, the invention provides a system and a method for comprehensively treating plain slow flow and Duantou creek water bodies. The problems of water quality deterioration of plain slow flows and Duantou creeks and aeration of algae and duckweeds can be obviously improved, and the water quality is continuously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of water environment treatment, and particularly relates to a system and a method for comprehensively treating a plain slow flow and Duantou creek water body.
Background
The Taihu lake basin has a large population and developed industrial and agricultural properties, and is one of the most economically developed areas in China, however, the consumption of natural resources causes the deterioration of the ecological environment of the Taihu lake basin, and particularly the water pollution and eutrophication become more and more serious.
River pollution sources can be divided into two categories, namely point sources and area sources, wherein the point sources mainly comprise urban point sources (including urban domestic and industrial sewage) and rural point sources (livestock and poultry breeding and rural domestic sewage), and the area sources mainly comprise agricultural area sources and initial rainwater. In recent years, with the gradual achievement of industrial point source pollution in Taihu river basin and urban and rural sewage treatment, the proportion of non-point source pollution in pollution load is gradually increased, which becomes the main contradiction of Taihu lake treatment. According to statistics, COD and NH are generated during the 'twelve five' period of the Taihu lake basin of Jiangsu province3The river inflow reduction rate of N is 20% and 65% respectively; COD and NH3The point source emission reduction of-N is 27% and 35%, respectively. The discharge ratio of the urban point sources is in a descending trend, and the area sources are in an increasing trend.
The branch creek is used as a small branch of the river and forms a water body network together with the affiliated river. The water quality of the lake-entering river branch creeks directly influences the water quality of the lake-entering river flow and finally influences the water quality of lakes. The branch creek water body has the problems of complex pollution source types, wide related range, inconvenience in centralized treatment, poor water fluidity, serious endogenous pollution and the like, and is the most complex area of the water environment problem in the Taihu lake basin. Therefore, comprehensive treatment is carried out on branch creeks, the purification capacity of area internal source pollution is improved, and the method has important significance for effectively reducing pollutant discharge and improving water quality in Taihu lake regions.
Related researches are carried out on the treatment of Duantou creeks in Taihu basin. Wujiangyong (Wujiangyong, Wenweike, Wuhailong, et al. Adjustable submerged plant net bed for purifying water in river course-take Yuanhuda Hongkou Dukou as example in Suzhou city tribute lake [. J]In wetland science, 2014(6), 777-783) adopts an adjustable submerged plant net bed technology to carry out ecological engineering restoration for purifying water quality on river water in Duantou creek at a harbor villa in tribute lake gold villa in Suzhou province, Jiangsu province, and the result shows that after the submerged plant net bed is restored, the peltate grass in the net bed starts to root and tillere in 4-5 days, the whole net bed is overgrown after 20-25 days, the submerged plant coverage rate in the river channel reaches 95% after 3 months, the water transparency is improved to 0.97m from 0.45m, and the river water is clear and meets the bottom. By 6 months 2012, NO in water3 --N、NO2 --N、PO4 3--P、NH4 +-N, TN, TP and CODMnThe content of the compound is respectively reduced by 82.8%, 74.1%, 90.1%, 92.6%, 71.8%, 95.6% and 48.6%, and the DO content is improved by 65.3%; the comprehensive water quality identification index is reduced from 5.1 to 2.7, and is reduced by 47 percent. The disadvantages are that: the submerged plant has long growth period, small ecological capacity and great influence on growth and purification effect by seasons; the submerged plants are directly tied on the net bed, so that the submerged plants are easily damaged, and the survival rate is reduced; and the regular harvesting of the submerged plants brings inconvenience to the system maintenance.
Chinese invention patent, application number: 201310312559.3, publication No.: CN 103449607A, published 2013, 12 and 18, discloses a method for treating non-point source pollution in plain river network areas, which comprises the following implementation steps: 1) selecting a river and creek source with breeding as a pollutant source and smooth water flow as a pollution treatment area; 2) a fence is arranged in the river and creek pollution treatment area, an area where pollutants are intensively input is set as a matrix absorption area, other parts of a river channel are set as aquatic plant absorption areas, the matrix absorption area is located at the upstream, and the aquatic plant absorption areas are located in the middle and the downstream of the river channel; 3) throwing straw in the substrate digestion area, and planting green foxtail in the aquatic plant digestion areaAlgae; 4) management of river and river wetland system: after running for 4-5 months, 15-20kg/m of straws are supplemented for the substrate digestion area2(ii) a Harvesting the myriophyllum viridis every 1-2 months; and the damaged fence is maintained in time. The disadvantages are that: the rice straws in the substrate digestion area are replaced regularly and the myriophyllum viridis is harvested, so that the operation and management are inconvenient; only the fence is arranged to intercept sewage and the aquatic plants are arranged to degrade the polluted water body, so that the flowing condition of the water body cannot be improved, and the non-point source pollution cannot be effectively and thoroughly treated.
Chinese invention patent, application number: 201510051784.5, publication No.: CN 104591506a, published: 5/6/2015, a black and odorous plain river network overall ecological restoration system is disclosed, water in a downstream area of a river network is lifted through a deslagging device, an oil separation device, an aerobic biochemical pond and a high-culture-density filter-feeding fish culture pond in sequence, and then is injected into a main river channel at the front end of the river network together with water in an upstream area of the river network, so that water in the downstream area of the river network flows back to the upstream, and water level lifting is carried out between the lowest point (the downstream area of the river network) and the highest point (the upstream area of the river network) of the water level of the river network, so that water in an ecological restoration range flows in a circulating manner. The disadvantages are that: the aeration and oxygenation facilities in the aerobic biochemical tank and the mechanical device are used for lifting the water level, so that the energy consumption and the operation cost are improved; after the water body containing nitrogen and phosphorus passes through the aerobic biochemical tank, ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrate nitrogen under aerobic conditions, and the growth of fishes in the culture tank is adversely affected; the water flow of the branch riverway and the number of filter-feeding fishes need to be manually adjusted and controlled according to the pollution condition of the riverway, so that the operation difficulty of the repair system is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
Aiming at the problem of poor purification effect of the existing plain slow flow and Duantou creek treatment technology, the invention provides a system and a method for comprehensively treating plain slow flow and Duantou creek water bodies. The problems of water quality deterioration of plain slow flows and Duantou creeks and aeration of algae and duckweeds can be obviously improved, and the water quality is continuously improved.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
A comprehensive treatment system for water bodies of plain slow flow and branchlet creeks comprises a filtration treatment device and a jet flow lifting device, wherein the filtration treatment device is arranged on a dike, and the jet flow lifting device is arranged on the water surface;
the filter treatment device comprises a peat filter and a biological filter, and the jet flow lifting device comprises a direct-current submersible pump, a Venturi ejector, a photovoltaic buoy, a photovoltaic solar panel and a storage battery pack;
the peat filter is connected with the biological filter, the direct-current submersible pump is fixed at the bottom of the photovoltaic buoy and connected with the venturi ejector, and the venturi ejector is also connected with the peat filter; the direct current immersible pump is fixed the bottom of photovoltaic flotation pontoon, the venturi ejector is fixed the edge of photovoltaic flotation pontoon, the photovoltaic flotation pontoon photovoltaic solar panel all with storage battery links to each other, storage battery with direct current immersible pump links to each other.
Preferably, the biological filter comprises a humic filler layer and a crushed stone layer, wherein the humic filler layer is positioned above the crushed stone layer, and a water outlet pipe is connected with the bottom of the crushed stone layer.
Preferably, the peat filter is connected with the biological filter through a triangular cloth water weir.
Preferably, the anchor chain is connected with the photovoltaic buoy, and the number of the anchor chain is at least two.
Preferably, the solar controller is respectively connected with the direct current submersible pump, the photovoltaic solar panel and the storage battery pack.
A method for comprehensively treating water bodies of plain slow flow and Duantou creeks comprises the following steps:
firstly, carrying out endogenous dredging treatment on the plain slow flow or the Duantou creek, then adopting the system for comprehensively treating the water body of the plain slow flow or the Duantou creek, constructing a filtration treatment device on a dike of the plain slow flow or the Duantou creek, and constructing a jet flow lifting device in a river channel of the plain slow flow or the Duantou creek;
secondly, starting a direct-current submersible pump and a Venturi ejector in the jet flow lifting device to suck and mix the water body on the surface of river water in the plain slow flow or the branchings creek, and conveying the mixed water body into a peat filter of a filtering treatment device;
and step three, the water body filtered by the peat filter is sent to a biofilter for biological purification, and then is discharged into plain slow flow or river water of Duantou creek.
Preferably, in the step one, the point source pollution is subjected to rain and sewage diversion treatment simultaneously with the endogenous dredging treatment.
Preferably, in the second step, the filter element of the peat filter is fibrous peat wrapped by a nylon string bag.
Preferably, in the third step, the water body filtered by the peat filter is sent to the biological filter through the triangular water distribution weir.
Preferably, in the third step, the biological filter is an intermittent water inlet device, and the biological filter is filled with humic filler.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the comprehensive treatment system for the water bodies of the plain slow flow creeks and the Duantou creeks, the circulating purification treatment of the water bodies containing algae and duckweeds in the plain slow flow creeks or the Duantou creeks is realized through the combination of the jet flow lifting device and the filtering treatment device, the hydrodynamic conditions of the water bodies are improved, and the oxygenation and purification of the water bodies of the plain slow flow creeks or the Duantou creeks are realized; the jet flow lifting device is powered by a photovoltaic solar panel in a water body, the power supply of a traditional power grid is not needed, and the automatic operation without external power access can be realized;
(2) according to the comprehensive treatment system for the water bodies of the plain slow flow and the branchings, the arrangement of the humus filler layer provides an anaerobic/aerobic environment for microorganisms on the surface of the humus filler, so that the microorganisms can degrade inorganic pollutants and organic pollutants in the water bodies conveniently; meanwhile, the crushed stone layer is used as a water collecting layer, and can play a role in short-term retention and standing of the water body filtered by the humic filler layer;
(3) according to the comprehensive treatment system for the water bodies of the plain slow flow and the branchlet creeks, the triangular water distribution weir is arranged at the top of the biological filter, so that uniform water distribution can be realized, and the water bodies entering the biological filter can be uniformly dispersed into the humic filler layer;
(4) according to the comprehensive treatment system for the plain slow flow and the branch creek water body, the arrangement of the anchor chain plays a role in fixing the photovoltaic buoy on the river water surface;
(5) according to the comprehensive treatment method for the water bodies of the plain slow flow creek and the branchlet creek, the biological filter is operated intermittently, the biological filter is in a flooding irrigation state and a drying state alternately, an anaerobic/aerobic alternate environment is provided for microorganisms on the surface of the humic filler, and gaps of the humic filler are flooded by the water body in the flooding irrigation period, so that denitrification reaction of anaerobic microorganisms is facilitated; air enters gaps of the humic filler in the drying period, so that degradation and nitration of organic matters by aerobic microorganisms are facilitated, and removal of pollutants such as C, N, P in the water body is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the filter treatment apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the jet lifting device of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a connection diagram of the electrical relationship of the jet lifting device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a distribution diagram of sample points of Duantou creek in example 10 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows the COD concentration at each sampling point along the bank (from upstream to downstream) in three weeks according to example 10 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows the total nitrogen concentration at each sampling point in three weeks along the bank (from upstream to downstream) in example 10 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 shows the ammonia nitrogen concentration at each sampling point in three weeks along the bank (from upstream to downstream) in example 10 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 shows the total phosphorus concentration at each sampling point along the bank (from upstream to downstream) in three weeks according to example 10 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 shows the dissolved oxygen concentrations at each sampling point in three weeks along the bank (from upstream to downstream) in example 10 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is the average water quality change of Duantou creek water samples within three weeks according to example 10 of the present invention;
FIG. 12 shows the COD removal efficiency of Duantou creek water bodies by the two-week filtration treatment apparatus in example 10 of the present invention;
FIG. 13 shows the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency of a Duantou creek water body by the filtration treatment device in two weeks according to embodiment 10 of the invention;
FIG. 14 shows the total nitrogen removal efficiency of Duantofu creek bodies by the filtration treatment apparatus for two weeks according to example 10 of the present invention;
FIG. 15 shows the total phosphorus removal efficiency of Duantofu creek bodies by the filtration treatment apparatus in two weeks according to example 10 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a dike; 2. a filtration processing device; 21. a peat filter; 22. a first base; 23. a triangular water distribution weir; 24. a humus packing layer; 25. a crushed stone layer; 26. a water outlet pipe; 27. a second base; 3. a jet lifting device; 31. a direct current submersible pump; 32. a venturi ejector; 33. a photovoltaic buoy; 34. a photovoltaic solar panel; 35. a battery pack; 36. an Internet of things control cabinet; 37. an anchor chain; 38. a solar controller; 39. a cable; 40. a pipeline.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, the system for comprehensive treatment of a plain slow flow and a branchia creek water body in the embodiment comprises a filtration treatment device 2 and a jet flow lifting device 3, wherein the filtration treatment device 2 is arranged on a dike 1, and the jet flow lifting device 3 is arranged on a water surface;
the filtration treatment device 2 comprises a peat filter 21 and a biological filter, wherein the peat filter 21 is connected with the biological filter; the peat filter 21 can realize physical filtration of large-scale suspended impurities mainly comprising duckweeds, the peat filter 21 is composed of an inner layer of perforated PVC pipe and an outer layer of perforated PVC pipe with different diameters, the length of the PVC pipe is 600mm, the pipe diameters of the inner layer of PVC pipe and the outer layer of PVC pipe are respectively 50mm and 110mm, filter holes with the diameter of 10mm are distributed on the surface of the inner layer of PVC pipe in a staggered mode, a water inlet is formed above the inner layer of PVC pipe, a water outlet is formed at the bottom of the outer layer of PVC pipe, an interlayer is formed between the inner layer of PVC pipe and the outer layer;
In this embodiment, the photovoltaic buoy 33 in the jet lifting device 3 floats on the water surface, the bottom of the photovoltaic buoy 33 is connected with a fixed frame, the direct-current submersible pump 31 is placed on the fixed frame, the direct-current submersible pump 31 can pump the water body on the river surface in the plain slow flow or the branchlet creek, wherein the water body on the river surface mainly refers to the shallow river water body containing algae; the venturi ejector 32 is fixed at the edge water surface of the photovoltaic buoy 33, the water pump outlet of the direct current submersible pump 31 is connected with the nozzle of the venturi ejector 32 through a hose, high-speed flowing liquid enters the nozzle to enable the suction chamber of the venturi ejector 32 to form negative pressure, the suction inlet of the venturi ejector 32 is positioned below the liquid level of the water body on the surface of river water and can suck duckweeds on the water body on the surface of river water, and the situation that the direct current submersible pump 31 directly sucks the duckweeds on the water body to cause the blockage of the suction inlet of the direct current submersible pump 31 is avoided; the water body sucked by the direct current submersible pump 31 and the water body sucked by the venturi ejector 32 are mixed in the suction chamber of the venturi ejector 32 and then flow out of the diffuser pipe of the venturi ejector 32, and then are sent to the water inlet above the inner layer PVC pipe of the peat filter 21 through the steel wire hose, enter the peat fiber filter element through the filter holes of the inner layer PVC pipe for filtering, and then flow out of the peat filter 21 through the water outlet of the outer layer PVC pipe and enter the biological filter; and the water body filtered by the biological filter flows back to river water of the plain slow flow or the Duantou creek through a water outlet and a conveying pipe of the biological filter. In this embodiment, the direct current submersible pump 31 and the venturi ejector 32 are creatively combined to realize the circulating purification treatment of the algae-containing and duckweed-containing water body in the plain slow flow or the branchia creek, and meanwhile, the peat filter 21 can effectively intercept the large-scale suspended matters mainly comprising duckweeds in the water body; in addition, the photovoltaic buoy 33 and the photovoltaic solar panel 34 are connected with the storage battery pack 35, the whole system does not need to be powered by a traditional power grid, and automatic operation without external power access can be realized. In the prior art, the river water treatment effect on plain slow flow or Duotouzhi creeks is poor, the purification period is long when submerged plants are selected for purifying the river water, the submerged plants need to be harvested periodically for maintenance and management, and the flow condition of a water body cannot be improved by the submerged plants and other aquatic plants.
Example 2
As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, in the system for comprehensive treatment of water bodies of plain slow flows and Duantou creeks in the embodiment, on the basis of the embodiment 1, the biofilter comprises a humus packing layer 24 and a crushed stone layer 25, the humus packing layer 24 is positioned above the crushed stone layer 25, and a water outlet pipe 26 is connected with the bottom of the crushed stone layer 25. The humic filler layer 24 is filled with humic filler which passes through a 20mm sieve, the gravel layer 25 is filled with 20-40mm of gravel, and when the humic filler is used specifically, numerical values of 20mm, 22mm, 24mm, 26mm, 28mm, 30mm, 32mm, 34mm, 36mm, 38mm, 40mm and the like can be selected, and the thickness of the gravel layer 25 is 150 mm.
In the embodiment, the humic filler layer 24 is arranged, so that an anaerobic/aerobic environment is provided for microorganisms on the surface of the humic filler, and the microorganisms can degrade inorganic pollutants and organic pollutants in the water body conveniently; meanwhile, the crushed stone layer 25 serves as a water collecting layer and can play a role in short-term retention and standing of the water body filtered by the humic filler layer 24.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, in the system for comprehensive treatment of water bodies of a plain slow flow and a Duantou creek in the embodiment, on the basis of the embodiment 1 or 2, the peat filter 21 is connected with a biological filter through a triangular water distribution weir 23; the triangular water distribution weir 23 is arranged at the top of the biological filter, so that water can be uniformly distributed, and water entering the biological filter can be uniformly dispersed into the humic filler layer 24; the triangular water distribution weir 23 is an open channel with triangular weir openings on the side edges, the elevations of the bottom of the open channel are the same, and the heights of the triangular weir openings are also kept consistent; in addition, the peat filter 21 is arranged on the first base 22, the biological filter is arranged on the second base 27, the height of the first base 22 is equal to the sum of the heights of the biological filter and the second base 27, and the bases are arranged so that not only can the bottom of the peat filter 21, the triangular cloth water weir 23 and the top of the biological filter be on the same plane, but also the whole filtering treatment device 2 can be on the same plane, thereby realizing the improvement of the efficiency of the filtering treatment.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, in the system for comprehensive treatment of a water body of a plain slow flow and a branchings creek in this embodiment, on the basis of any one of embodiments 1 to 3, the anchor chain 37 is connected to the photovoltaic buoy 33, and the arrangement of the anchor chain 37 has a fixing effect on the photovoltaic buoy 33 on the river water surface; the number of the anchor chains 37 is at least two, and 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and other values can be selected in specific application.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, in the system for comprehensive treatment of a plain slow flow and a branchinghama water body in this embodiment, on the basis of any one of embodiments 1 to 4, a solar controller 38 is respectively connected to the direct-current submersible pump 31, the photovoltaic solar panel 34 and the battery pack 35; in addition, thing networking switch board 36 can set up on photovoltaic flotation pontoon 33, realizes intelligent control and management to efflux hoisting device 3.
In the embodiment, the solar controller 38 is respectively connected with the direct current submersible pump 31, the photovoltaic solar panel 34 and the storage battery pack 35 through the cable 39, the photovoltaic solar panel 34 converts light energy into electric energy and transmits the electric energy to the solar controller 38, then the solar controller 38 stores the electric energy in the storage battery pack 35, then the storage battery pack 35 directly supplies the electric energy to the direct current submersible pump 31 for operation, and the solar controller 38 realizes regulation and control of the electric energy and meets normal operation of the direct current submersible pump 31 in cloudy weather.
Example 6
According to the comprehensive treatment method for the water bodies of the plain slow flow creeks and the Duantou creeks in the embodiment, firstly, endogenous dredging treatment is carried out on the plain slow flow creeks or the Duantou creeks, so that endogenous pollution formed by multi-year siltation in river channels in the plain slow flow creeks or the Duantou creeks is effectively removed in a dredging mode; then, by adopting the system for comprehensively treating the water bodies of the plain slow flow and the Duantou creek as described in any one of the embodiments 1 to 5, constructing a filtration treatment device 2 on a dike 1 of the plain slow flow or the Duantou creek, and constructing a jet flow lifting device 3 in a river channel of the plain slow flow or the Duantou creek;
secondly, starting a direct-current submersible pump 31 and a Venturi ejector 32 in the jet flow lifting device 3 to suck and mix the water body on the surface of river water in the plain slow flow or the branchings creek, and conveying the mixed water body into a peat filter 21 of the filtering treatment device 2;
and step three, the water body filtered by the peat filter 21 is sent to a biological filter for biological purification, and then is discharged into the river water of the plain slow flow or Duantou creek.
Example 7
In the method for comprehensively treating the water bodies of the plain slow flow and the branchings, on the basis of the embodiment 6, in the first step, rain and sewage diversion treatment is carried out on point source pollution while endogenous dredging treatment is carried out; in the second step, the filter element of the peat filter 21 is fibrous peat wrapped by a nylon string bag.
In the embodiment, rain and sewage diversion treatment is performed aiming at point source pollution, and the rain and sewage diversion treatment is used as a treatment method for dispersing domestic sewage, so that domestic sewage or rainwater at an exhaust outlet on a plain slow flow or branchia river channel can be separately treated, and new pollution caused by direct discharge of the domestic sewage into river water is avoided; the loose porous structure of the fibrous peat can not only ensure the normal passing of water flow, but also physically intercept and filter the large-scale suspended matters such as duckweed in the water body.
Example 8
In the method for comprehensively treating the water bodies of the plain slow flow and the branchia creek in the embodiment, on the basis of the embodiment 6, in the third step, the water bodies filtered by the peat filter 21 are sent to the biological filter through the triangular water distribution weir 23.
In this embodiment, the filtered water is delivered to the biological filter through the triangular water distribution weir 23, and the triangular water distribution weir 23 covers the cross section of the biological filter in a way of a corridor, so that uniform water distribution is realized, and the water entering the biological filter can be uniformly dispersed into the humic filler layer 24.
Example 9
In the method for comprehensively treating the water bodies of the plain slow flow and the branchings in the embodiment, on the basis of the embodiment 6, in the third step, the biological filter is an intermittent water inlet device, and the biological filter is filled with humic filler.
In the embodiment, the biological filter is operated intermittently, the biological filter is in a flooding irrigation state and a drying state alternately, an anaerobic/aerobic alternate environment is provided for microorganisms on the surface of the humic filler, and gaps of the humic filler are flooded by a water body in the flooding irrigation period, so that denitrification reaction of anaerobic microorganisms is facilitated; air enters gaps of the humic filler in the drying period, so that degradation and nitration of organic matters by aerobic microorganisms are facilitated, and removal of pollutants such as C, N, P in the water body is facilitated.
Example 10
Yongan river belongs to the Taihu river basin Wudeng stannum poppy area backbone regulation river channel, catchment gewa gegewa enters Taihu lake as an important river channel for communicating Wuyi south canal and gewa canal, and dredging and treatment are key projects for the regulation of the Taihu river channel. The Yongsheng river is one of the branches of the Yongan river, and the water quality improvement of the Yongan river is very important for the comprehensive treatment project of the Yongan river. The Yongsheng river governance demonstration section north bank has two plain slow flows and perennial ponding in Dutou creeks, excessive growth of duckweed algae in summer and poor perception and smell. Not only directly influences the living environment of surrounding residents, but also indirectly influences the water environment quality of the Taihu lake watershed. The plain slow flow and shut-off branch creek water quality belongs to the inferior five types of water quality.
Aiming at the plain slow flow and the Duantou creek at the Yongsheng Hebei bank, the west one of the Duantou creeks is selected, and the water body of the Duantou creek is comprehensively treated by adopting the method in any one of the embodiments 6 to 9.
The comprehensive treatment process comprises the following steps: firstly, the polluted water body containing duckweed and algae is lifted to the filtration treatment device 2 on the high bank by the jet lifting device 3 on the low bank water surface, then the duckweed and macroalgae are removed by the physical filtration function of the peat filter 21 of the filtration treatment device 2, finally the micro algae and the pollutants containing C, N, P and the like are removed by the double functions of physical filtration and biodegradation of the humic filler layer 24, and then the effluent flows back to the branch river water body.
1. Construction of branch creek water body sampling point (A-G point) and water quality result analysis
As shown in fig. 5, the experiment will examine the purification effect of the system from the water quality of the Duantou creek water body and the effluent water quality of the filtering treatment device 2 during the operation of the system, so that the test samples will be collected from the Duantou creek water body and the filtered effluent water respectively: firstly, setting sampling points at certain intervals in a treatment section from upstream to downstream in a branchia river water body; setting a sampling point at the upstream of the branchings and far away from the treatment section to compare the water quality of the treatment section; then setting a sampling point in a relatively closed dead angle area at the downstream of the branchings and creeks to compare the water quality of the treatment section; then, setting a sampling point at the water outlet of the peat filter 21 to observe the pretreatment effect; and finally, arranging a sampling point at a water outlet of the humic filler layer 24 so as to observe the final purification effect of the filtration treatment device 2.
A river channel between a water inlet of a jet flow lifting device 3 in the water body comprehensive treatment system and a water outlet of a biological filter in the filtering treatment device 2 is a treatment section, and the whole process is about 10 m. Wherein the water inflow sampling points (point B) are arranged near the jet flow lifting device 3, one sampling point, namely point C, D, E, F (the position where point F is located is the water outlet), is arranged at intervals of about 2m along the direction from the river channel to the water outlet, and the water samples of the branchilla branch water body in the treatment section are collected.
In addition, a comparison sampling point G is arranged at the upstream of the position which is about 20m away from the water outlet of the treatment section, and a water sample of a main pollution source of the treatment section is collected at the upstream; the sampling point A is positioned at a closed small river bay beside a water outlet, and a water sample which is not interfered by an upstream polluted water source is collected at the sampling point A to be used as a contrast; wherein the water outlet of the peat filter 21 is set as a sampling point H; and a water outlet of the humic filler layer 24 is set as a sampling point I for collecting the finally purified Duantou creek effluent.
In the exemplary engineering acceptance work, water samples are collected for analyzing water quality six times within three weeks in 11 months in 2017 (11 months 4 days, 11 months 6 days, 11 months 11 days, 11 months 12 days, 11 months 18 days and 11 months 19 days) according to the sampling scheme, and the main water quality detection indexes are COD, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and dissolved oxygen. In the third week ( day 11, 18 and day 11, 19), the jet lift device 3 could not operate normally due to weather (cloudy day), and thus the device could not be started.
The analysis of the water quality results (five monitoring indexes of A-G points: COD, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and dissolved oxygen) of the Duantou creek treatment system is as follows:
FIG. 6 shows the COD concentration of each sampling point in the water body of Duantou creek in 6 times of sampling, wherein the COD concentration change trend along the river bank is relatively stable in four days of 11 month 6 days, 11 month 11 days, 11 month 12 days and 11 month 19 days; and the COD concentration fluctuation is large in the other three days, and the change trends are different, which shows that the water quality of each sampling point is different. This is because the sediment is easily disturbed due to the low water level during sampling, so that the water quality fluctuation is large. The COD concentration of the upstream G point and the dead angle A point which are taken as the water quality control points of the treatment section in the graph is not obviously different from that of other sampling points.
FIG. 7 shows the total nitrogen concentration of each sampling point in the water body of the branchia creek in 6 times of sampling, and the total nitrogen concentration of the upstream G point and the dead angle A point which are used as the water quality control points of the treatment section in the graph is not obviously changed compared with other sampling points. The total nitrogen concentration change trends of 6 days in 11 months, 11 days in 11 months and 12 days in 11 months are similar, the trends of 18 days in 11 months and 19 days in 11 months are similar, but the trends are different, the fixed concentration rule of the sampling points is not found, the broken lines are relatively stable, and the water quality of each sampling point is similar; some have fluctuations but are close to the median point value after the compromise, so the average values are similar.
FIG. 8 shows the ammonia nitrogen concentration of each sampling point in the water body of the Duantou creek in 6 times of sampling, wherein the ammonia nitrogen concentration of each point along the bank is not greatly fluctuated in 11 month 4 days, 11 month 6 days, 11 month 11 days, 11 month 12 days and 11 month 18 days, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration of most sampling points is lower than 5 mg/L. In the figure, except that the ammonia nitrogen concentration at the upstream G point in 11-19 th day is obviously higher than that of other treatment points, the upstream G point serving as a water quality control point of a treatment section at other time is not obviously changed compared with other sampling points, and the water quality is not obviously bad; but the water quality is slightly due to other sampling points at the point a of the effluent dead angle region, which is another control point. Because the effluent of the treatment device at the position can flow into the area of the point A through underground seepage, the water quality of the point A is improved.
FIG. 9 shows the total phosphorus concentration of each sampling point in the water body of the branchilla branch creek in 6 times of sampling, and the total phosphorus concentration of the upstream G point and the dead angle A serving as the water quality control point of the treatment section in the graph greatly fluctuates in the past sampling without obvious rules. Meanwhile, each broken line in the graph has large fluctuation, and no consistent change rule is found, which shows that the total phosphorus concentration of each sampling point has relatively large fluctuation. The reason for this phenomenon is that the sediment is stirred during the sampling process, which is an unavoidable factor, and the sediment brings about a large endogenous interference to the water sample, because the sediment is often enriched with a large amount of phosphorus, which is reflected to a large extent on the index of total phosphorus.
FIG. 10 shows the dissolved oxygen data of each sampling point in the water body of the branchia creek in 3 times of sampling, and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the upstream control point G is obviously lower than that of each sampling point in the treated section; the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the treatment section has no uniform change trend, but the average value of the concentration of the dissolved oxygen is about 3mg/L on the whole, and the treatment section belongs to an aerobic environment.
As can be seen from fig. 6 to 10:
(1) for the setting of the sampling point, the point G is at the upstream of the branch creek and is a main source point of pollution of the treatment section, but due to sampling operation and other reasons (sediment is stirred and duckweed cannot be removed completely), the water quality index deviation of individual days (such as total phosphorus concentration of 11-month 4 days, 11-month 6 days, ammonia nitrogen concentration of 11-month 19 days and dissolved oxygen concentration of 11-month 12 days) is removed in six times of sampling, and the rest is similar to the water quality of the sampling point of the treatment section, so that no obvious adverse condition exists.
(2) The point A is positioned in a dead-angle area of a closed river bay and is basically not influenced by an upstream pollution source, but treated effluent discharged from a water discharge port can enter the area through an underground seepage channel, so that the treated effluent is neutralized by a water sample at the area, and the water quality of the treated effluent is slightly better than that of other treated points.
(3) The sampling points (B-F points) of each treatment section positioned between the water inlet and the water outlet have similar water quality overall.
(4) As can be known from the three-week sampling data in the figure, all indexes of sampling points in creeks have large water quality fluctuation at different sampling time without obvious rules; the water quality at each sampling point is different but not very obvious, and the water quality is similar overall. Individual significant high/low water sample data does not exclude interference from sampling factors: the water depth of the sampling point is shallow, so that sediment is inevitably stirred during sampling, and endogenous interference is mixed into the water sample; secondly, a large amount of duckweeds grow in the water body, and the duckweeds absorb elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus to grow as nutrient substances, so that the concentration of pollutants in the water body is reduced.
(5) Because the starting time is short, the treatment system is not completely stable, and the water quality of the Duantou creek water body treatment section is not quite obviously different from that of a control point.
In conclusion, at present, the water quality of the branch creek water body with the broken head is uniform, and the water quality of a sampling point is not obviously different. Therefore, in the subsequent analysis of the treatment effect of the water quality in the filtration treatment device 2, it is obvious that taking any single sampling point of the Duantou creek as the water quality of the Duantou creek does not have sufficient representativeness, and since the water quality of each point is approximately similar, an averaging method is adopted, and the average concentration of the indexes of the A-G points of the sampling points of the Duantou creek is taken as the average water quality of the Duantou creek, namely the average influent water concentration of the filtration treatment device 2 on the dike 1.
The average concentrations of the indexes of branch creek sampling points A-G are taken as the average water quality of branch creeks, and six sampling data in three weeks are shown in FIG. 11. Since the whole system start-up time is not long, a certain settling time is required. As can be seen from fig. 11, in the four sampling in the first two weeks, except for the ammonia nitrogen concentration in 11 months and 11 days, the concentrations of the other indexes basically decrease with time, which shows that the water quality of the cibotium branchiatum creek is obviously improved along with the operation of the whole system. And in the last week (11 months, 18 days and 11 months, 19 days), the jet flow lifting device 3 cannot normally operate due to weather reasons, and water does not enter or exit, so that the water quality of the collected water sample is obviously poor.
By comparing the normal operation state (11 month 4 days, 11 month 6 days, 11 month 11 days and 11 month 12 days) and the cloudy off-stream state (11 month 18 days and 11 month 19 days) during the implementation of the branch creek water body restoration project, the filtration treatment device 2 on the Duantofuka embankment 1 has obvious improvement on the Duantofuka water quality.
2. Analysis of results of Duantou branch creek filtration processing apparatus 2
The removal effect of the filter treatment device 2 on contaminants is shown in fig. 12-15. Wherein the water inflow is the average concentration of each sampling point of the Duantou creek water body, the point H is the first-stage effluent after the pretreated peat filter 21, and the point I is the final effluent after the pretreated peat filter enters the humic filler layer 24 for purification. And (4) taking four sampling results of the first two weeks for water quality analysis because the device in the third week fails to normally operate in cloudy days.
2.1 promotion and influencing factors of dissolved oxygen
The dissolved oxygen concentration values do not fluctuate much relative to each other, and therefore a set of data is taken to illustrate the dissolved oxygen inlet and outlet water data shown in Table 1. As can be seen from the data in the table, the dissolved oxygen in the Duantofu creek effluent after purification by the peat filter 21 and the humus filler layer 24 is very significantly increased, which is related to the distribution and operation of the filtration treatment apparatus 2 itself.
Table 1 water dissolved oxygen data of inlet and outlet of filtration treatment apparatus 2
| Sampling point | Inflow water | H point | I point |
| Dissolved oxygen concentration (mg/L) | 3.12 | 6.05 | 9.38 |
2.2 COD removal efficiency and influencing factors
The effect of the filtration treatment device 2 on removing COD from the Duantou creek water body is shown in FIG. 12.
As can be seen from FIG. 12, in the first two weeks of 11 months, as the operation of the equipment tends to be stable, the water quality of the water in the branch creeks is improved to a certain extent, and therefore, the concentration of the inlet water is gradually reduced. The COD concentration is slightly increased after the peat filter 21 is processed, because although most of the duckweed is intercepted by the peat filter 21, the filter element of the peat filter 21 itself releases part of the pollutants, which is to be improved later. From the final treatment result, the water quality of the outlet water reaches the first-class B emission standard of pollutant emission Standard of urban Sewage plant (GB18918-2002) except that the concentration of the inlet water is very high in day 4 at 11 months, and the water quality of the outlet water reaches the first-class A emission standard in other time. The reason why the removal rate is mostly lower than 50% is as follows: the inlet water concentration is low, and the promotion space of the treatment efficiency is limited. From the detection results of 11 months and 4 days in fig. 8, it can be seen that the effluent COD removal rate can reach 80% when the influent water concentration is higher. In conclusion, the filter treatment device 2 has a remarkable effect on treating COD of the Duantou creek and can well improve the water quality.
2.3, total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency and influencing factors
The ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen removal results of the filtering device 2 for the branchia creek water body are respectively shown in fig. 13 and fig. 14.
As can be seen from FIG. 13, the concentration of the inlet water of the filtration treatment device 2 is not high, and the outlet water is about 1.5-2mg/L, which all reach the first class A emission standard of pollutant emission Standard of urban wastewater treatment plant (GB 18918-2002). The water quality of the inlet and outlet water of the branchings creek is relatively stable on the ammonia nitrogen index, and the fluctuation is small. The ammonia nitrogen removal rate is about 20 percent overall. Because the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the inlet water is low, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is difficult to obviously improve. On the other hand, a great amount of duckweeds are in the water body of the branchial branch creek, and the duckweeds can enrich a large part of nitrogen and phosphorus elements, so that the ammonia nitrogen concentration is low.
As can be seen from fig. 14, the total nitrogen concentration of the feed water of the filtration treatment apparatus 2 was not high, and the total nitrogen removal rate was gradually reduced by four times of sampling from 40% to 10%. The removal of total nitrogen in water treatment has been difficult since biological denitrification is limited and influenced by many factors such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, carbon source, etc. The low overall nitrogen removal of the filtration process unit 2 may be related to two aspects: 1) the carbon source is insufficient; from FIG. 12, it can be seen that the COD concentration of the influent water of the system is gradually reduced, so that the carbon source required for denitrification is gradually reduced, the denitrification effect is deteriorated, and the total nitrogen removal rate is reduced; 2) the dissolved oxygen is higher and cannot form an anoxic environment, and the denitrification is also influenced. However, since the total nitrogen concentration of the feed water is too low, the removal rate is hardly significantly increased. From the results, the effluent of the system reaches the first class A emission standard of pollutant emission Standard of urban Sewage plant (GB 18918-2002).
2.3 Total phosphorus removal and influencing factors
The total phosphorus removal effect of the filtration treatment device 2 on the Duantou creek water body is shown in FIG. 15. As can be seen from fig. 15, the total phosphorus feed concentration of the feed water of the filtration treatment device 2 reaches the first-class B discharge standard of the discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plant (GB18918-2002) except for 11 months and 4 days, and the effluent reaches the first-class a discharge standard, so that the purification effect is significant. From the removal rate, the removal rate of four times of sampling reaches more than 50%, wherein the removal rate of two times exceeds 70%, and the total phosphorus removal rate is excellent. Because the humic filler layer 24 has great advantages for removing the total phosphorus, the application of the humic filler has good effect for removing the phosphorus by utilizing the characteristics of good interception and adsorption and the like of the humic filler.
3. Analysis of processing result of branchlet and creek processing system
(1) The Duantou branch creek treatment system has remarkable effect on sewage purification of Duantou branch creeks. According to the analysis result, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the Duantou creek water body is greatly improved, and the black and odorous water body is improved; the treated system effluent has no macroscopic algae and duckweeds, so that the amount of overgrowing duckweeds is controlled; the system has removal effect on COD, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in the water body. Wherein the COD removal rate is about 25 to 45 percent when the water is fed with low concentration, the COD removal rate can reach 80 percent when the water is fed with high concentration, and the water is discharged to reach the first-grade A standard; the total nitrogen removal rate is 10-40%, and the effluent reaches the first-grade A standard; the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is about 20 percent, and the effluent reaches the first-grade A standard; the removal effect of the total phosphorus is particularly remarkable, the removal rate can reach 50% -80%, and the effluent reaches the first-class A standard;
(2) because the whole system is started later and the operation is not completely stable, the water body of the inner treatment section of the Duantou creek is not quite obviously different from the water body which is not treated; however, the water quality difference of the Duantou creek water bodies during normal operation and stopped operation can be found, and the filtering treatment device 2 still has a very obvious purification effect on the Duantou creek water bodies;
(3) the water in the branchia creek has large water quality fluctuation at different times. The individual sampling points do not exclude the interference caused by stirring of the sediment, growth of duckweeds and the like during sampling.
The present invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically, without limitation, and what is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if the person skilled in the art receives the teaching, without departing from the spirit of the invention, the person skilled in the art shall not inventively design the similar structural modes and embodiments to the technical solution, but shall fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A system for comprehensive treatment of a plain slow flow and Duantou creek water body comprises algae and duckweeds and comprises a filtering treatment device (2) and a jet flow lifting device (3), wherein the filtering treatment device (2) is arranged on a dike (1), and the jet flow lifting device (3) is arranged on the water surface; the method is characterized in that: the filter processing device (2) comprises a peat filter (21) and a biological filter, and the jet flow lifting device (3) comprises a direct-current submersible pump (31), a Venturi ejector (32), a photovoltaic buoy (33), a photovoltaic solar panel (34) and a storage battery pack (35);
the peat filter (21) is connected with a biological filter, the direct current submersible pump is fixed at the bottom of the photovoltaic float (33), the water pump outlet of the direct current submersible pump (31) is connected with the nozzle of a venturi ejector (32) through a hose, and the venturi ejector (32) is also connected with the peat filter (21); the direct current submersible pump (31) is fixed at the bottom of the photovoltaic buoy (33), the venturi ejector (32) is fixed at the edge water surface of the photovoltaic buoy (33), and a suction inlet of the venturi ejector (32) is positioned below the liquid level of the river surface water body and is used for sucking duckweeds of the river surface water body; the water body sucked by the direct current submersible pump (31) and the water body sucked by the venturi ejector (32) are mixed in a suction chamber of the venturi ejector (32) and then flow out of a diffuser pipe of the venturi ejector (32), are conveyed to a water inlet above an inner layer PVC pipe of the peat filter (21) through a steel wire hose, and enter a peat fiber filter core through a filter hole of the inner layer PVC pipe for filtering; the photovoltaic buoy (33) and the photovoltaic solar panel (34) are connected with the storage battery pack (35), and the storage battery pack (35) is connected with the direct-current submersible pump (31); the filter element of the peat filter (21) is fibrous peat wrapped by a nylon string bag.
2. The system for comprehensive treatment of the plain slow flow and the Duantou creeper water body as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the biological filter comprises a humic filler layer (24) and a crushed stone layer (25), wherein the humic filler layer (24) is positioned above the crushed stone layer (25), and a water outlet pipe (26) is connected with the bottom of the crushed stone layer (25).
3. The system for comprehensive treatment of the plain slow flow and the Duantou creeper water body as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the peat filter (21) is connected with the biological filter through a triangular water distribution weir (23).
4. The system for comprehensive treatment of the plain slow flow and the Duantou creeper water body as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the anchor chain (37) is connected with the photovoltaic buoy (33), and the number of the anchor chain (37) is at least two.
5. The system for comprehensive treatment of the plain slow flow and the Duantou creeper water body as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the solar controller (38) is respectively connected with the direct current submersible pump (31), the photovoltaic solar panel (34) and the storage battery pack (35).
6. A method for comprehensively treating plain slow flow and Duantou creek water bodies is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, carrying out endogenous dredging treatment on a plain slow flow or a branchia branch, then adopting the system for comprehensively treating the water body of the plain slow flow and the branchia branch as claimed in claim 1 or 2, constructing a filtration treatment device (2) on a dike (1) of the plain slow flow or the branchia branch, and constructing a jet flow lifting device (3) in a river channel of the plain slow flow or the branchia branch; secondly, starting a direct-current submersible pump (31) and a Venturi ejector (32) in the jet flow lifting device (3) to suck and mix the water body on the river surface in the plain slow flow or the branchings creek, and sending the mixed water body into a peat filter (21) of the filtering treatment device (2); and step three, the water body filtered by the peat filter (21) is sent to a biological filter for biological purification, and then is discharged into river water of the plain slow flow or Duantou creek.
7. The method for comprehensive treatment of the plain slow flow and Duantou creeper water bodies as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the first step, rain and sewage diversion treatment is carried out on point source pollution while endogenous dredging treatment is carried out.
8. The method for comprehensive treatment of the plain slow flow and Duantou creeper water bodies as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the water body filtered by the peat filter (21) is sent to the biological filter through a triangular water distribution weir (23).
9. The method for comprehensive treatment of the plain slow flow and Duantou creeper water bodies as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the third step, the biological filter is an intermittent water inlet device, and the biological filter is filled with humic filler.
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