CN108418497A - A kind of sectional wind electric machine controller and control method - Google Patents
A kind of sectional wind electric machine controller and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108418497A CN108418497A CN201810457044.5A CN201810457044A CN108418497A CN 108418497 A CN108418497 A CN 108418497A CN 201810457044 A CN201810457044 A CN 201810457044A CN 108418497 A CN108418497 A CN 108418497A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/16—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring
- H02P25/18—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring with arrangements for switching the windings, e.g. with mechanical switches or relays
- H02P25/188—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring with arrangements for switching the windings, e.g. with mechanical switches or relays wherein the motor windings are switched from series to parallel or vice versa to control speed or torque
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of sectional wind electric machine controller and control method, the electric machine controller include motor stator winding, and the three-phase of motor stator winding is divided into two sections, and one section is high driven at low speed winding, the number of turns W1, and three-phase windings are denoted as A, B and C, generally ABC windings respectively；Another section is driven at low speed winding, circuit, the number of turns W2 is only accessed in low speed, three-phase windings are denoted as a, b and c, generally abc windings respectively；ABC windings and abc windings are directly connected, and the rear end neutral point of abc windings is connected directly, and ABC windings one end is connected with the output end of the first inversion unit, the output end of the second inversion unit of intermediate connection of ABC windings and abc windings；First inversion unit and the second inversion unit are connected in parallel on capacitance both ends, collectively constitute electric machine controller；The invention also discloses the control methods of the electric machine controller；The present invention can both generate the big torque of low speed, can also realize wide-range-timing/high-speed cruising.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to three phase electric machine technical fields, and in particular to a kind of sectional wind electric machine controller and control method.
Technical background
For electric vehicle, under different operating modes, the performance requirement of driving motor system is different.
It when automobile accelerates since zero-speed/low speed, or is on slope when starting, at this time speed or electricity
Machine rotating speed is all relatively low, but needs big torque to overcome the component of frictional force or vehicle its own gravity.Motor torque is close with magnetic flux
It spends directly proportional, it is therefore desirable to high magnetic flux density.
In high-performance cruise, system is not usually high to torque request, but in order to make automobile drive electric motor higher efficiency operate,
Wish to reduce magnetic flux density.In high-speed region, iron loss accounting is high, and iron loss is substantially square directly proportional to magnetic flux density.Cause
This, magnetic flux density is lower, and iron loss is lower.In addition, if motor is magneto, generated by the magnetic flux of permanent magnet anti-electronic
Gesture (voltage) can also increase as rotating speed increases.And battery voltage level is limited on vehicle, when the counter electromotive force reaches inverter
When can be applied to the voltage of motor or more, electric current can not just pass through again in motor, and rotating speed cannot rise again.Therefore, in order to
Maximum speed is improved, also reduces magnetic flux density to inhibit counter electromotive force --- in this regard, being generated usually using weak magnetic control technology
With the magnetic flux of permanent magnet flux opposite direction rotating speed is improved to reduce counter electromotive force.But in order to generate opposite direction
Magnetic flux, it is necessary to make current flow through stator winding, this can equally increase loss, can also increase permanent magnet demagnetization risk.Cause
The range of this weak magnetic is also unsuitable wide.
That is, the level of torque, the magnetic density that are required in low-speed region and high-speed region are different.
In the prior art, patent CN 201310041277.4 proposes a kind of technology switching winding in high, low speed.
The coil of stator is divided into two parts, and electric current passes through in whole astragals when low speed rotation, and then in coil sections when high speed rotation
Inside pass through.But full-controlled device IGBT is used in its technology, cost is higher and overvoltage may be generated in active turn off process, damage
Hinder winding insulation and IGBT pipes；On the one hand RC buffer circuits in its switching circuit increase the complexity of system, on the other hand
Often volume is larger for capacitance, and capacitance itself is also more fragile, the faulty risk under overvoltage impact.
Patent CN 201510508099.0 and CN 2016100899171.1, which also proposed to switch by winding, realizes height
The switching device and method of speed control, but are required for providing individual DC power supply or independent inverter main circuit, increase and are
The complexity and control complexity for design of uniting, are unfavorable for switching device being integrated in inside motor.
The producer of mainstream motor driving at present is to solve high speed and the demand of low speed high torque, the schemes for releasing bi-motor more,
That is the motor collocation of size rated power uses, and two motors is linked together by universal driving shaft, respectively in different situations
Lower control uses different motors, and this method uses two motors, and complicated in mechanical structure, cost are higher.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to be directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of sectional wind electric machine controller and
Control method can both generate the big torque of low speed, and can also realize wide-range-timing/high-speed cruising.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of sectional wind electric machine controller, including motor stator winding 3, the three-phase of the motor stator winding 3 are divided into
Two sections, one section is high driven at low speed winding, and the number of turns W1, three-phase windings are denoted as A, B and C, generally ABC windings respectively；It is another
Section is driven at low speed winding, circuit, the number of turns W2 is only accessed in low speed, three-phase windings are denoted as a, b and c, generally abc respectively
Winding；ABC windings and abc windings are directly connected, and the rear end neutral point of abc windings is connected directly, ABC windings one end and first inverse
The output end for becoming unit 1 is connected, the output end of the second inversion unit 2 of intermediate connection of ABC windings and abc windings；Described
One inversion unit 1 and the second inversion unit 2 are connected in parallel on capacitance both ends；First inversion unit, 1 and second inversion unit 2 is common
Form electric machine controller 4.
Further include switch S1, the switch S1 is arranged between the first inversion unit 1 and DC bus or is arranged first
Between inversion unit 1 and ABC windings, it is arranged between inversion unit 1 and DC bus, for working in the second inversion unit 2
When prevent coil-induced energy from flowing back into DC bus；The switch S1 is semiconductor switch or relay switch.
First inversion unit, 1 and second inversion unit 2 is identical, is three phase inverter bridge.
The ratio of the W1 and W2 is variable related with the weak-magnetic speed-regulating range of system requirements, speed-changing.
The control method of the sectional wind electric machine controller, when motor operation is in low speed, 1 work of the first inversion unit
To make, 2 envelope wave of the second inversion unit does not work, and all windings are all worked at this time, is W1+W2 per phase the number of turns, generates big torque,
Torque capacity is up to T1；At this time switch S1 keep it is open-minded, with meet energy-storage battery release energy and motor power feedback it is two-way
Energy flow；
As rotating speed increases, into weak magnetic state；When motor speed reaches n3,1 envelope wave of the first inversion unit is made to stop
Work, the second inversion unit 2 is started to work, and disconnects switch S1, and motor enters single set winding operating mode, only height at this time
Speed driving winding work, is W1 per phase the number of turns；Since turns-in-series are less, back-emf is relatively small, reduces the depth of weak magnetic；
Switch S1, which is disconnected, ensures ABC windings in pattern is fully disconnected, and prevents from generating electric current formation interference magnetic field in ABC windings；
When motor is by high deceleration, when rotating speed is down to n2, the first inversion unit 1 is set to start to work again, the second inversion list
Member 2 is stopped, and is again introduced into windings in series pattern.
It is describedWherein：N is sectional wind electricity
The flux-weakening ratio of machine；Width of the Δ n between n2~n3；N1 be the inflection point rotating speed of weak magnetic is needed under double winding series model, and
Δ n=n1.
Compared to the prior art compared with the present invention has following advantage：
1, it due in low speed, switching at high speed operating mode, is equivalent to and is carried out between a high-speed electric expreess locomotive, a slowspeed machine
Switching, therefore the effect of two grades of gearboxes is played, the big torque of low speed can have both been generated, can also realize wide-range-timing/height
Speed operation.
2, due to " slowspeed machine " and low regime it is efficient, " high-speed electric expreess locomotive " it is efficient in high velocity, high speed, it is low
Speed can realize Effec-tive Function.
3, two inversion units of controller do not work at the same time, and occur when being lost different, thus thermal design can only consider wherein
One loss, it is small relative to two independent controls of application, it is conducive to cost reduction and installation.
4, the turn ratio of double winding is calculated according to the speed adjustable range that system needs, therefore can made weak under each pattern
Magnetic degree is shallow as possible, and weak magnetic control is made to be easier.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the first sectional wind electric machine controller schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is second of sectional wind electric machine controller schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the mechanical characteristic using motor after sectional wind electric machine controller of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is machine winding switching device of the present invention and control system overall framework figure.
Specific implementation mode
It is with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right in order to keep the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear and concise
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of sectional wind electric machine controller of the present invention, including motor stator winding 3, the electricity
The three-phase of machine stator winding 3 is divided into two sections, and one section is high driven at low speed winding, the number of turns W1, three-phase windings be denoted as respectively A, B and
C, generally ABC windings；Another section is driven at low speed winding, and circuit, the number of turns W2, three-phase windings difference are only accessed in low speed
It is denoted as a, b and c, generally abc windings；ABC windings and abc windings are directly connected, the direct phase of rear end neutral point of abc windings
Even, ABC windings one end is connected with the output end of the first inversion unit 1, and the intermediate connection second of ABC windings and abc windings is inverse
Become the output end of unit 2；First inversion unit, 1 and second inversion unit 2 is connected in parallel on capacitance both ends；The first inversion list
Member 1 and the second inversion unit 2 collectively constitute electric machine controller 4.
As shown in Figure 1, switch S1 is arranged between the first inversion unit 1 and DC bus, in the second inversion unit 2
Prevent coil-induced energy from flowing back into DC bus when work；It can be with as shown in Fig. 2, switch S1 be arranged in the first inversion unit
Between 1 and ABC windings, it is preferable that switch S1 is semiconductor switch or relay switch.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, first inversion unit, 1 and second inversion unit 2 is identical, is three
Phase inverter bridge.
The ratio of the W1 and W2 is variable related with the weak-magnetic speed-regulating range of system requirements, speed-changing.
As shown in figure 4, the control method of sectional wind electric machine controller of the present invention, when motor operation is in low speed, first
Inversion unit 1 works, and 2 envelope wave of the second inversion unit does not work, and all windings are all worked at this time, is W1+W2 per phase the number of turns
Series connection, generates more number of ampere turns, generates big torque, torque capacity is up to T1；Switch S1 is kept open-minded at this time, to meet energy storage
Battery releases energy and the bi-directional energy flow of motor power feedback；
As rotating speed increases, into weak magnetic state；When motor speed reaches n3,1 envelope wave of the first inversion unit is made to stop
Work, the second inversion unit 2 is started to work, and disconnects switch S1, and motor enters single set winding operating mode, only height at this time
Speed driving winding work, is W1 per phase the number of turns；Since turns-in-series are less, back-emf is relatively small, reduces the depth of weak magnetic；
Switch S1, which is disconnected, ensures ABC windings in pattern is fully disconnected, and prevents from generating electric current formation interference magnetic field in ABC windings；
When motor is by high deceleration, when rotating speed is down to n2, the first inversion unit 1 is set to start to work again, the second inversion list
Member 2 is stopped, and is again introduced into windings in series pattern.
Control method of the present invention, the first inversion unit 1 and the second inversion unit 2 work alternatively, and occur when being lost different, because
And the maximum radiating requirements of an inversion unit can be only considered in controller design, relative to two inversion units and through transport
Capable scheme, small volume.Additionally, due to the second inversion unit 2 be operating only at stator coil electric current it is relatively low when, thus design work(
Rate can be lowerd suitably.
As shown in figure 3, the region between n2~n3 is tandem working pattern and the mould that simplex winding operating mode can work
Formula, in order to improve the utilization rate of winding, width is unsuitable wide.
Assuming that from the angle of application design, it is N times of (i.e. n4 to need the flux-weakening ratio of motor：N1=N).It is then to make full use of
Winding, Ying You：
If the width between wishing n2~n3 is Δ n, enableDerivation can obtainToSuch as Δ n=n1, it can also simplify and be chosen for
Claims (6)
1. a kind of sectional wind electric machine controller, it is characterised in that：Including motor stator winding (3), the motor stator winding
(3) three-phase is divided into two sections, and one section is high driven at low speed winding, the number of turns W1, and three-phase windings are denoted as A, B and C respectively, generally
ABC windings；Another section is driven at low speed winding, circuit, the number of turns W2 is only accessed in low speed, three-phase windings are denoted as a, b respectively
And c, generally abc windings；ABC windings and abc windings are directly connected, and the rear end neutral point of abc windings is connected directly, ABC around
Group one end is connected with the output end of the first inversion unit (1), and ABC windings and the intermediate of abc windings connect the second inversion unit
(2) output end；First inversion unit (1) and the second inversion unit (2) are connected in parallel on capacitance both ends；The first inversion list
First (1) and the second inversion unit (2) collectively constitute electric machine controller (4).
2. a kind of sectional wind electric machine controller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Further include switch (S1), institute
State switch (S1) setting the first inversion unit (1) DC bus between or setting in the first inversion unit (1) and ABC windings
Between, it is arranged in inversion unit (1) between DC bus, it is coil-induced for being prevented when the second inversion unit (2) work
Energy flows back into DC bus；The switch (S1) is semiconductor switch or relay switch.
3. a kind of sectional wind electric machine controller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：First inversion unit
(1) and the second inversion unit (2) is identical, is three phase inverter bridge.
4. a kind of sectional wind electric machine controller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The ratio of the W1 and W2 is
Variable related with the weak-magnetic speed-regulating range of system requirements, speed-changing.
5. the control method of Claims 1-4 any one of them sectional wind electric machine controller, it is characterised in that：Work as motor
When running on low speed, the first inversion unit (1) work, the second inversion unit (2) envelope wave does not work, and all windings are all participated at this time
Work is W1+W2 per phase the number of turns, generates big torque, torque capacity is up to T1；Switch S1 is kept open-minded at this time, to meet energy storage
Battery releases energy and the bi-directional energy flow of motor power feedback；
As rotating speed increases, into weak magnetic state；When motor speed reaches n3, the first inversion unit (1) envelope wave is made to stop work
Make, the second inversion unit (2) is started to work, and disconnects switch S1, and motor enters single set winding operating mode, only height at this time
Speed driving winding work, is W1 per phase the number of turns；Since turns-in-series are less, back-emf is relatively small, reduces the depth of weak magnetic；
Switch S1, which is disconnected, ensures ABC windings in pattern is fully disconnected, and prevents from generating electric current formation interference magnetic field in ABC windings；
When motor is by high deceleration, when rotating speed is down to n2, the first inversion unit (1) is set to start to work again, the second inversion unit
(2) it is stopped, is again introduced into windings in series pattern.
6. control method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：It is described Wherein：N is the flux-weakening ratio of sectional wind motor；Width of the Δ n between n2~n3；N1 is double wrap
The inflection point rotating speed of weak magnetic, and Δ n=n1 are needed under group series model.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810457044.5A CN108418497B (en) | 2018-05-14 | 2018-05-14 | Segmented winding motor controller and control method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810457044.5A CN108418497B (en) | 2018-05-14 | 2018-05-14 | Segmented winding motor controller and control method |
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| CN108418497A true CN108418497A (en) | 2018-08-17 |
| CN108418497B CN108418497B (en) | 2024-05-31 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112953351A (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2021-06-11 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Inverter system |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108418497B (en) | 2024-05-31 |
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