CN108412504B - The long buried circular tunnel rock burst stress relieving elder generation pilot tunnel type Internal explosions method of diversion - Google Patents
The long buried circular tunnel rock burst stress relieving elder generation pilot tunnel type Internal explosions method of diversion Download PDFInfo
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- CN108412504B CN108412504B CN201810389236.7A CN201810389236A CN108412504B CN 108412504 B CN108412504 B CN 108412504B CN 201810389236 A CN201810389236 A CN 201810389236A CN 108412504 B CN108412504 B CN 108412504B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 241001640558 Cotoneaster horizontalis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of buried circular tunnel rock burst stress relieving elder generation pilot tunnel type Internal explosions method of long diversion, can reduce or eliminates energy accumulation degree, solve the problems, such as construction safety caused by strong rock burst and construction speed.The present invention realizes by the following method: (1) excavating first pilot tunnel；(2) after first pilot drive is good, first pilot tunnel country rock spray shield is carried out using concrete；After 12~16 hours, three blast hole groups are arranged with vertical first pilot tunnel direction, are evenly arranged eight blast holes at each blast hole group；(3) it when detonating, successively detonates according to 3 order, first explosion apical pore upper hole in, then explosion mesoporous, finally detonate bottom outlet and middle lower opening after the completion of explosion, are slagged tap；(4) after the completion of slagging tap, first pilot tunnel-drilling-explosion-is carried out according still further to above step and is slagged tap, until passing through entire stress concentration region completely.The present invention crosses change surrounding Rock Mass, reduces or eliminates energy accumulation degree, and the mode for having reduced or eliminated rock burst energy reaches control rock burst.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydraulic engineerings, and in particular to a kind of circular tunnel rock burst stress-relief blasting method.
Background technique
Rock burst is country rock caused by the unexpected release of the potential energy or strain energy that accumulate in rock mass during Underground Engineering Excavation
It destroys, can lead to casualties, working face or equipment and destroy, fundamental characteristics is unexpected and violent.Especially if touching
It to large round excavation face (such as diversion tunnel or flood discharging tunnel), is influenced by its stress distribution feature, not only its top and sidewall portion
Position, which is easy to happen rock burst or even its cavern bottom, can all crack, and cause the deformation of cavern, collapse, or even destroy entire work
Journey.When this rock burst occurs, vibration is strong, and the duration is long, and damage envelope is big, become control engineering construction safety, tunnel into
Degree or even the key factor of success or failure.
So far, it works the rock-burst prevention of round underground chamber also in a starting stage, is not formed solid
Fixed releasing scheme, it is incremental typically using drilling and blasting method from outside to inside, seriously affect the progress of construction, and circle
Larger using the risk of drilling and blasting method in shape tunnel, effective rockburst control method is substantially at space state.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of long buried circular tunnel rock burst stress relieving elder generation pilot tunnel type Internal explosions of diversion
Method can reduce or eliminate energy accumulation degree, solve the problems, such as construction safety caused by strong rock burst and construction speed.
The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows: a kind of buried circular tunnel rock burst stress relieving elder generation pilot tunnel of long diversion
Type Internal explosions method, is realized by the following method:
(1) first pilot tunnel is excavated, first pilot tunnel is arranged in the center of round excavation face, forms concentric structure with excavation face；
(2) after first pilot drive is good, first pilot tunnel country rock spray shield is carried out using concrete first, thickness is not less than 10cm；12
After~16 hours, respectively at hole 5m, 10m and 15m, three blast hole groups are arranged with vertical first pilot tunnel direction, each
Eight blast holes are evenly arranged at blast hole group, during the blast hole at every place is on same perpendicular, with guide's hole axis
The heart is in that " rice " word is radial, totally 24 blast holes；
Apical pore is in vertical, vertical elder generation's pilot tunnel, depth 3m, bottom 1m depth bounds powder charge, aperture and its sealing of remaining part position；
Mesoporous is in level, vertical elder generation's pilot tunnel, depth 3.5m, whole powder charge；In upper hole positioned at apical pore and mesoporous between, with two holes in 45
Spend the angle of cut, depth 3m, powder charge in the 2m depth bounds of bottom, aperture and its sealing of remaining part position；Middle lower opening be located at bottom outlet and mesoporous it
Between, it is in 45 degree of angles of cut, depth 3.5m, powder charge in the 2.5m depth bounds of bottom with two holes；Bottom outlet is deep in vertical, vertical elder generation's pilot tunnel
Degree is 3.5m, whole powder charge；
(3) it when detonating, successively detonates according to 3 order, first explosion apical pore upper hole in, then explosion mesoporous, finally detonate
Bottom outlet and middle lower opening, after the completion of explosion, slag tap；
(4) after the completion of slagging tap, first pilot tunnel-drilling-explosion-is carried out according still further to above step and is slagged tap, until passing through completely
Entire stress concentration region.
Guide hole dia 2m, the excavation of length 15m or so, first pilot tunnel take drilling and blasting method.
The present invention crosses change surrounding Rock Mass, reduces or eliminates energy accumulation degree, has reduced or eliminated rock burst energy
Mode reach control rock burst, solve the problems, such as construction safety caused by strong rock burst and construction speed.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the plan view of blasting procedure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the face A-A cross-sectional view in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the face B-B cross-sectional view in Fig. 1.
Wherein: 1. first pilot tunnels, 2. mesoporous, 3. apical pores, in 4. upper hole, lower opening in 5., 6. bottom outlets, 7. country rocks, 8. excavation faces.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other under that premise of not paying creative labor
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in the picture, the present invention passes through first pilot tunnel, first pilot tunnel internal bore, reasonable cloth in deep-lying tunnel stress concentration region
A series of orderly working methods such as blast hole and its direction and optimization firing order are set, to change surrounding Rock Mass, realize
The effect for eliminating or reducing energy accumulation degree reaches control rock burst purpose in a manner of eliminating or reduce surrounding rock burst energy.
Its specific embodiment is realized as steps described below:
(1) first pilot tunnel 1 is excavated, first pilot tunnel 1 is arranged in the center of round excavation face 8, forms concentric structure with excavation face；
This concentric structure is conducive to the release of stress.
First 1 depth of pilot tunnel using short drilling depth, repeatedly recycles digging mode to pass through stress concentration region as principle；Stress solution
Except explosion number of perforations, pore size and explosive payload, utmostly to weaken, rock mass, excessively damage rock mass does not cause support work amount
Increase be principle, while needing to consider potential rock burst intensity and live supporting validity.
(2) after first pilot drive is good, first pilot tunnel country rock 7 is carried out using C20 concrete first and sprays shield, thickness is not less than
10cm；After 12~16 hours, respectively at hole 5m, 10m and 15m, three blast holes are arranged with vertical first pilot tunnel direction
Group is evenly arranged eight blast holes at each blast hole group, and every group of blast hole is on same perpendicular, with first pilot tunnel axis
It is radial in " rice " word centered on line, totally 24 blast holes；
Apical pore 3 is in vertically, and vertical elder generation's pilot tunnel, depth is about 3m, and bottom 1m depth bounds powder charge, aperture and its remaining part position are close
Envelope (using cotton or foam seal)；Mesoporous 2 is in level, and vertical elder generation's pilot tunnel, depth is about 3.5m, whole powder charge；In upper 4, hole
It is in 45 degree of angles of cut, depth 3m, powder charge, aperture and its remaining part position in the 2m depth bounds of bottom with two holes between apical pore and mesoporous
Sealing；Middle lower opening 5 is in 45 degree of angles of cut with two holes, depth 3.5m, bottom 2.5m depth bounds are built-in between bottom outlet and mesoporous
Medicine；Bottom outlet 6 is in vertical, vertical elder generation's pilot tunnel, depth 3.5m, whole powder charge；Overall burst strength is by 0.05kg/T consideration, the number
Word represents blast charging amount and releases rock mass weight ratio in range.
(3) it when detonating, successively detonates according to 3 order, first explosion apical pore upper hole in, then explosion mesoporous, finally detonate
Bottom outlet and middle lower opening, time delays between the two can control between 0.2~0.5S, after the completion of explosion, slag tap；
(4) after the completion of slagging tap, first pilot tunnel-drilling-explosion-is carried out according still further to above step and is slagged tap, until passing through completely
Entire stress concentration region.
Preferably, the underground chamber for hole diameter in 10m or more, guide's hole dia 2m (hole diameter 10m or more, first pilot tunnel
Need to expand according to a certain percentage, will pay attention to and design in the application of later patents), length 15m or so, first pilot tunnel
Excavation takes drilling and blasting method.
The application releases or reduces energy accumulation level in rock mass, can substantially improve construction safety, personnel and equipment peace
Entirely；And can effectively ensure that driving progress, under the premise of guaranteeing quality, the duration is shortened (compared with the prior art, according to country rock
Difference, duration can be shortened 10~15%).
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of buried circular tunnel rock burst stress relieving elder generation pilot tunnel type Internal explosions method of long diversion, it is characterised in that be under
State method realization:
(1) first pilot tunnel is excavated, first pilot tunnel is arranged in the center of round excavation face, forms concentric structure with excavation face；
(2) after first pilot drive is good, first pilot tunnel country rock spray shield is carried out using concrete first, thickness is not less than 10cm；12~16
After hour, respectively at hole 5m, 10m and 15m, three blast hole groups, each explosion are arranged with vertical first pilot tunnel direction
Eight blast holes are evenly arranged at the group of hole, the blast hole at every place centered on guide's hole axis, is on same perpendicular
" rice " word is radial, totally 24 blast holes；
Apical pore is in vertical, vertical elder generation's pilot tunnel, depth 3m, bottom 1m depth bounds powder charge, aperture and its sealing of remaining part position；Mesoporous
In level, vertical elder generation's pilot tunnel, depth 3.5m, whole powder charge；In upper hole positioned at apical pore and mesoporous between, handed over two holes in 45 degree
Angle, depth 3m, powder charge in the 2m depth bounds of bottom, aperture and its sealing of remaining part position；Middle lower opening between bottom outlet and mesoporous, with
Two holes are in 45 degree of angles of cut, depth 3.5m, powder charge in the 2.5m depth bounds of bottom；Bottom outlet is in vertically, and vertically elder generation's pilot tunnel, depth are
3.5m, whole powder charge；
(3) it when detonating, successively detonates according to 3 order, first explosion apical pore upper hole in, then explosion mesoporous, finally detonate bottom outlet
With middle lower opening, the time delays of adjacent explosion are controlled after the completion of 0.2-0.5S, explosion, are slagged tap；
(4) after the completion of slagging tap, first pilot tunnel-drilling-explosion-is carried out according still further to above step and is slagged tap, until completely by entire
Stress concentration region.
2. the buried circular tunnel rock burst stress relieving elder generation pilot tunnel type Internal explosions method of long diversion according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: guide hole dia 2m, the excavation of length 15m or so, first pilot tunnel take drilling and blasting method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810389236.7A CN108412504B (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2018-04-27 | The long buried circular tunnel rock burst stress relieving elder generation pilot tunnel type Internal explosions method of diversion |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810389236.7A CN108412504B (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2018-04-27 | The long buried circular tunnel rock burst stress relieving elder generation pilot tunnel type Internal explosions method of diversion |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108412504A CN108412504A (en) | 2018-08-17 |
| CN108412504B true CN108412504B (en) | 2019-05-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810389236.7A Active CN108412504B (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2018-04-27 | The long buried circular tunnel rock burst stress relieving elder generation pilot tunnel type Internal explosions method of diversion |
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| CN (1) | CN108412504B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113175328A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-07-27 | 蒲建莹 | Small-entrance large-section cavern excavation construction process |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101270967B (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2011-08-31 | 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院 | Stress-relief blasting method |
| CN101864961B (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2011-11-16 | 武汉大学 | Method for actively preventing and controlling rock burst |
| CN101915104A (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2010-12-15 | 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院 | Rock burst control method for deep tunnel excavation by adopting TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) |
| CN101967977B (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-10-31 | 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院 | Construction method for controlling rock pillar type rock burst in process of double-head tunneling deep-buried tunnel transfixion |
| KR101224880B1 (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2013-01-22 | (주)엘티엠 | Tunneling Method and related Apparatus for TBM Excavation and Blasting for enlargement, using the Protector and the Muck Car |
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