CN108398320A - A kind of measurement method of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching - Google Patents
A kind of measurement method of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching Download PDFInfo
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- CN108398320A CN108398320A CN201810070047.3A CN201810070047A CN108398320A CN 108398320 A CN108398320 A CN 108398320A CN 201810070047 A CN201810070047 A CN 201810070047A CN 108398320 A CN108398320 A CN 108398320A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/14—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by dead weight, e.g. pendulum; generated by springs tension
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of measurement methods of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching, include the following steps：Remove the aluminium coating of specimen surface；It is exposed to the opposite variation for the identical mechanical parameter that the neutralization of contrast test environment is exposed in inert environments with same sample to measure Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion；The threshold stress of stress corrosion is measured according to the method for binary search.A kind of measurement method of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching provided by the invention can do quantitative measurment to the Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion of aluminium alloy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to stress corrosion technical field of measurement and test, particularly relate to a kind of survey of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching
Amount method.
Background technology
At this stage, aluminium alloy is the widely used material of aerospace field, and the stress corrosion of aluminium alloy is in spacecraft
It happens occasionally, the official for receiving domestic and international aerospace field payes attention to.It is just promulgated early in China's Aviation Industry portion in 1984
《Wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching test method》(HB5254-83) standard, European Space standardize cooperative association (ECSS)
Also it was promulgated in 1998《The measurement of metal stresses corrosion cracking sensibility》(ECSS-Q-70-27A) standard and《Inhibit stress
The material selection of corrosion cracking》(ECSS-Q-70-26A), and in 2008 above-mentioned standard is corrected again, is fully shown
Importance of the aluminum alloy stress corrosion in aerospace field.
But the environmental condition of the measurement aluminum alloy stress corrosion used in ECSS standards is 3.5%NaCl alternations of wetting and drying
Environment, and China's navigation mark uses 3%NaCl+0.5%H2O2Solution, the Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion and environmental condition of material are close
Cut phase is closed, and can not be determined using which kind of environmental condition closer to actual environmental condition.Secondly, ECSS standards are carried out using spring
Constant load loads, and China's navigation mark then uses counterweight to carry out constant load load, can not determine which kind of load mode is more reasonable.
In addition to this, the method about aluminum alloy stress corrosion test both at home and abroad at present, is merely capable of providing aluminium alloy and answer
The opposite height of power corrosion susceptibility, can not provide the method for quantitative measuring of aluminum alloy stress corrosion sensibility.
Invention content
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of measurement method of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching, energy
It is enough that quantitative measurment is made to the Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion of aluminium alloy.
Based on a kind of above-mentioned purpose measurement method of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching experiment provided by the invention, including
Following steps：
Remove the aluminium coating of specimen surface；
It is exposed to contrast test environment with same sample and neutralizes the opposite of the identical mechanical parameter being exposed in inert environments
Change to measure Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion；
The Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion is expressed as：
The threshold stress of stress corrosion is measured according to the method for binary search.
Optionally, the threshold stress that stress corrosion is measured according to the method for binary search, includes the following steps：
It is loaded onto fracture with one group of sample, measures fracture strength；
Constant load stress corrosion (cracking) test is carried out under the primary stress of 1/2 fracture strength of sample：
If sample is broken before the deadline, answered the 1/2 of the stress being broken by cutting down every time
It is tested under power, repeats above-mentioned constant load stress corrosion (cracking) test until sample is not broken before the deadline；
If sample is not broken before the deadline, tried under the mean stress loaded twice recently
It tests, until satisfaction (h-l)≤0.1 (h+l), wherein h is the minimum stress that stress corrosion fracture occurs, and l is the stipulated time
The highest stress that stress corrosion fracture does not occur inside, obtains h values；
According to the h values and formula S CC=(h+l)/2 obtained, wherein SCC is threshold stress, obtains the door of stress corrosion
Sill stress.
Optionally, the aluminium coating of the removal specimen surface, includes the following steps：
With alcohol washes sample；
The sample that alcohol washes are crossed is put into 10%NaOH solution at 60+5 DEG C, removes aluminium coating, and removal amount is
0.3mm；
After the sample for removing aluminium coating is cleaned with tap water with 30% HNO3Solution is neutralized, then is rushed with tap water
It washes；
Above-mentioned obtained sample is rinsed with after No. 200, No. 600, No. 1000 sand paper polishings with tap water successively, and is blown
Dry sample.
Optionally, described the result is that being indicated with one or more mechanics parameters under the same initial strain rate, institute
Stating one or more mechanics parameters includes：Rupture time, is measured with the contraction percentage of area or elongation after fracture plastic strain of having no progeny
Extensibility, the maximum load reached, standard stress extend the area that curve is surrounded.
Optionally, the defined time is in 720 hours.
Optionally, the constant load stress corrosion (cracking) test uses counterweight load mode.
Optionally, the measurement Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion uses slow tensile test apparatus, the door for measuring stress corrosion
Sill stress uses constant load experimental rig.
Optionally, the shape of the sample includes plate and rodlike, and the thickness of the plate is more than 5mm, described rodlike
Diameter is more than 5mm.
Optionally, the contrast test environmental condition is to use 3.0%NaCl+0.5%H2O2Solution, temperature are 35 ± 10 DEG C,
A solution is replaced within every 24 hours, to ensure the consistency of solution composition.
From the above it can be seen that the measurement method of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching provided by the invention, passes through
With same sample be exposed to contrast test environment neutralize be exposed to the opposite variation of identical mechanical parameter in inert environments come pair
Aluminum alloy stress corrosion sensibility makes quantitative measurment, while being done to the threshold stress of stress corrosion according to the method for binary search
Go out quantitative measurment, solves the problems, such as that the prior art can not carry out quantitative measurment to the Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion of aluminium alloy；Also,
Due to the threshold of stress corrosion be can not model engineering the component working stress or applied stress that may bear, the solution of the present invention
Can working stress or applied stress that more accurately model engineering component may be born, enable aluminum alloy to the experiment of stress corrosion
It measures more reasonable, comprehensive.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
Obtain other attached drawings according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the embodiment flow diagram of the measurement method of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching provided by the invention；
Fig. 2 is the embodiment principle schematic of stress corrosion testing device in the prior art；
Fig. 3 is the thin specimen size of the embodiment of the measurement method of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching provided by the invention
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the thick specimen size of the embodiment of the measurement method of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching provided by the invention
Schematic diagram.
Specific implementation mode
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
Attached drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
Based on above-mentioned purpose, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of measurement side of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching
Method can make quantitative measurment to the Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion of aluminium alloy.
A kind of measurement method of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching provided by the invention, includes the following steps：
Remove the aluminium coating of specimen surface；
It is exposed to contrast test environment with same sample and neutralizes the opposite of the identical mechanical parameter being exposed in inert environments
Change to measure Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion；
The Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion is expressed as：
The threshold stress of stress corrosion is measured according to the method for binary search.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, for wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching provided by the invention
The embodiment flow diagram of measurement method；A kind of measurement method of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching provided by the invention,
Include the following steps：
Step 101：Selection experiment device and test chamber；
Step 102：The sampling direction of specimen shape and experiment is determined according to test objective；
Step 103：Remove the aluminium coating of specimen surface；
Step 104：Selection experiment environment；
Step 105：The measurement of Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion；
Step 106：The measurement of the threshold stress of stress corrosion；
Step 107：Fracture observation is carried out to the sample after experiment.
Further, step 106：The threshold stress that stress corrosion is measured according to the method for binary search, including such as
Lower step：
It is loaded onto fracture with one group of sample, measures fracture strength；
Constant load stress corrosion (cracking) test is carried out under the primary stress of 1/2 fracture strength of sample：
If sample is broken before the deadline, answered the 1/2 of the stress being broken by cutting down every time
It is tested under power, repeats above-mentioned constant load stress corrosion (cracking) test until sample is not broken before the deadline；
If sample is not broken before the deadline, tried under the mean stress loaded twice recently
It tests, until satisfaction (h-l)≤0.1 (h+l), wherein h is the minimum stress that stress corrosion fracture occurs, and l is the stipulated time
The highest stress that stress corrosion fracture does not occur inside, obtains h values；
According to the h values and formula S CC=(h+l)/2 obtained, wherein SCC is threshold stress, obtains the door of stress corrosion
Sill stress.
It is described to be tested under the mean stress loaded twice recently, for example, the 4th sample is sent out in the defined time
Raw fracture, the 5th time sample is not broken before the deadline, then utilizes the mean stress of the 4th time and the 5th time load
Under tested.
Further include in step 106：Stress corruption is measured after the processed sample of step 103 adds constant load by one group
The threshold stress of erosion.
What the threshold stress of the stress corrosion obtained by above-mentioned test measurement was calculated with method provided by the invention
The threshold stress of stress corrosion is compared, and the error of the threshold stress for the stress corrosion that method provided by the invention is calculated exists
Within 10%.
Step 101：The experimental rig includes：Slow tensile test apparatus and constant load experimental rig, the measurement are answered
Power corrosion susceptibility uses slow tensile test apparatus, the threshold stress for measuring stress corrosion to use constant load experimental rig.
The slow tensile test apparatus should be able to realize 1 × 10-6S-1Above rate of extension is used for Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion contrast test
When, it should be carried out under identical strain rate, while rate of extension should be indicated in test report.
As shown in Fig. 2, for the embodiment principle schematic of stress corrosion testing device in the prior art；The experimental rig
Including：Fixing device 1, sample 2, water-bath 3, etchant solution 4, temperature sensing head 5 and heating rod 6.
Test chamber applies inert material in experimental enviroment to make, as a preferred embodiment, in step
The material of test chamber described in 101 is glass or plastics, and the test chamber further includes head cover, is steamed with reducing in test process
Hair, while preventing dust and other polluters from entering.And the volume of the test chamber should ensure that and specimen surface product pair
The liquor capacity answered is sufficiently large.
Determine that the sample shape of GB/T15970.1-9 defineds can be used in specimen shape, no particular/special requirement according to test objective
Shape.Tensile sample should ensure that enough thickness, reduce the uncertainty due to test result caused by spot corrosion and corrosion.
Preferably, the shape of the sample includes plate and rodlike in a step 102, and the thickness of the plate is more than 5mm,
The rodlike diameter is more than 5mm；The sample of small bore and rodlike size can be selected according to the actual conditions of material, but
Specimen size should be indicated in test report.
The plate includes thin sample and thick sample, as shown in figure 3, being wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress provided by the invention
The thin specimen size schematic diagram of the embodiment of the measurement method of corrosion, the thickness b of the thin sample1For 1.5mm, d1=12mm, b2
=15mm, b3=24mm, a1=75mm, a2=99mm, a3=180mm, a4=220mm.
As shown in figure 4, the thickness of the embodiment for the measurement method of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching provided by the invention
Specimen size schematic diagram, the thickness b of the thickness sample4For 4mm, d2=6mm, r1=10mm, b5=5mm, b6=16mm, a5=
20mm, a6=170mm, a7=12mm.
The Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion of wrought aluminium alloy is related with direction, hyphen to Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion highest, threshold
It is worth that minimum, longitudinal Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion is minimum, threshold value highest, it is long laterally to fall between.The sampling of the experiment
Direction is to require the most weak part that stress corrosion occurs with actual samples to determine according to user.Preferably, the experiment
It is long lateral to sample direction.
Sample should be prevented from overheating and be deformed when processing, and the machining accuracy of sample should meet the requirement of HB5254-83, with a batch
Experiment with sample should be same batch and with heat heat treatment material.When test mark, coining or vibration carving and writing on the head of sample,
It should not make marks in working region.
Further, step 103：The aluminium coating of the removal specimen surface, includes the following steps：
With alcohol washes sample；
The sample that alcohol washes are crossed is put into 10%NaOH solution at 60+5 DEG C, removes aluminium coating, and removal amount is
0.3mm；
After the sample for removing aluminium coating is cleaned with tap water with 30% HNO3Solution is neutralized, then is rushed with tap water
It washes；
Above-mentioned obtained sample is rinsed with after No. 200, No. 600, No. 1000 sand paper polishings with tap water successively, and is blown
Dry sample.
The experimental enviroment includes contrast test environment or reality/simulated environment, the contrast test ring at step 104
Border condition is to use 3.0%NaCl+0.5%H2O2Solution, temperature are 35 ± 10 DEG C, replace within every 24 hours a solution, molten to ensure
Liquid consistence of composition.
The stress corrosion of sample is related to environmental condition, and stress corrosion (cracking) test should use the practical military service ring of sample as far as possible
Border condition.When laboratory can not be achieved practical Service Environment condition, it is preferred that the reality/simulated environment condition be by
Sighting target standard is tested using the actual environment condition of simulation, and solution when experiment need to replace solution daily, in order to avoid due to corrosion
The volatilization etc. of product or solution leads to the variation of SOLUTION PROPERTIES.
In step 105, the result is indicated with one or more mechanics parameters under the same initial strain rate：
Rupture time, plastic strain of having no progeny, extensibility are evaluated with the contraction percentage of area or elongation after fracture；The maximum load reached；Standard
Stress extends the area that curve is surrounded.
It is related with the mechanical parameter of use to measure obtained Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion, is obtained using different mechanical parameters
Sensibility is different.Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion should be indicated in test report measures used mechanical parameter.
In step 106, the measurement of the threshold stress of stress corrosion and the time of test determination are related.Preferably, described
The defined time should be in 720 hours.
Constant load experimental rig need to be spring-loaded or lever is loaded with counterweight, but the threshold that two kinds of load modes measure
Value has difference, and load mode should be indicated in test report.As a preferred embodiment, the constant load stress corrosion examination
It tests and uses counterweight load mode.
When carrying out constant load stress corrosion (cracking) test in step 106, it is put into the sample for being not added with load, waits for that constant load stress is rotten
Taken out after erosion, clean and dry sample, then carry out stretching the intensity for measuring sample, for evaluate during stress corrosion by
Lead to the decline of mechanical property in corrosion.
When carrying out fracture observation to the sample after experiment in step 107, corrosion product need to be removed with following solvents：Chromic anhydride
(CrO3), 80g/l；
Phosphoric acid (H3PO4, proportion 1.7), 200ml/l；
Deionized water, 800ml；
Room temperature, after deionized water is cleaned, in 30%HNO3Solution impregnates 3~5 seconds, then is rinsed and done with tap water
Fracture observation is carried out after dry processing in time.
IV classes of deionized water >=ASTM (regulations of ASTMD 1193).
After the completion of experiment, test report is write, should there is the chemical composition of sample, heat treatment, mechanical property, sample in report
Orientation, type, size and its surface processing introduction, determine mechanical parameter used by test result (rupture time, section
Shrinking percentage, elongation after fracture, the maximum load reached, standard stress extend the area etc. that curve is surrounded), it is wanted according to user
It asks, morphology analysis and observation should be carried out to stress corrosion fracture, secondary cracks etc..
From above-described embodiment as can be seen that the measurement side of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Method, by being exposed to the opposite change that contrast test environment neutralizes the identical mechanical parameter being exposed in inert environments with same sample
Change to make quantitative measurment to aluminum alloy stress corrosion sensibility, while according to the method for binary search to the threshold of stress corrosion
Stress makes quantitative measurment, and asking for quantitative measurment can not be carried out to the Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion of aluminium alloy by solving the prior art
Topic；Also, due to the threshold of stress corrosion be can not model engineering the component working stress or applied stress that may bear, this hair
Bright scheme can working stress or applied stress that more accurately model engineering component may be born, enable aluminum alloy to stress corruption
It is more reasonable, comprehensive that the experiment of erosion measures.
Those of ordinary skills in the art should understand that：The discussion of any of the above embodiment is exemplary only, not
It is intended to imply that the scope of the present disclosure (including claim) is limited to these examples；Under the thinking of the present invention, above example
Or can also be combined between the technical characteristic in different embodiments, step can be realized with random order, and be existed such as
Many other variations of the different aspect of the upper present invention, for simplicity, they are not provided in details.
The embodiment of the present invention be intended to cover fall within the broad range of appended claims it is all it is such replace,
Modifications and variations.Therefore, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any omission, modification, equivalent replacement, the improvement made
Deng should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of measurement method of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Remove the aluminium coating of specimen surface；
It is exposed to the opposite variation that contrast test environment neutralizes the identical mechanical parameter being exposed in inert environments with same sample
To measure Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion；
The Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion is expressed as：
The threshold stress of stress corrosion is measured according to the method for binary search.
2. a kind of measurement method of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
The threshold stress that stress corrosion is measured according to the method for binary search, includes the following steps：
It is loaded onto fracture with one group of sample, measures fracture strength；
Constant load stress corrosion (cracking) test is carried out under the primary stress of 1/2 fracture strength of sample：
If sample is broken before the deadline, by cutting down every time under 1/2 stress of the stress being broken
It is tested, repeats above-mentioned constant load stress corrosion (cracking) test until sample is not broken before the deadline；
If sample is not broken before the deadline, tested under the mean stress loaded twice recently, directly
Until satisfaction (h-l)≤0.1 (h+l), wherein h is the minimum stress that stress corrosion fracture occurs, and l was not sent out in the stipulated time
The highest stress of raw stress corrosion fracture, obtains h values；
According to the h values and formula S CC=(h+l)/2 obtained, wherein SCC is threshold stress, show that the threshold of stress corrosion is answered
Power.
3. a kind of measurement method of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
The aluminium coating for removing specimen surface, includes the following steps：
With alcohol washes sample；
The sample that alcohol washes are crossed is put into 10%NaOH solution at 60+5 DEG C, removes aluminium coating, removal amount 0.3mm；
After the sample for removing aluminium coating is cleaned with tap water with 30% HNO3Solution is neutralized, then is rinsed with tap water；
Above-mentioned obtained sample is rinsed with after No. 200, No. 600, No. 1000 sand paper polishings with tap water successively, and dries up examination
Sample.
4. a kind of measurement method of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
The result is that being indicated with one or more mechanics parameters under the same initial strain rate, one or more of mechanics parameters
Including：Rupture time, plastic strain of having no progeny, the extensibility measured with the contraction percentage of area or elongation after fracture, the maximum load reached
Lotus, standard stress extend the area that curve is surrounded.
5. a kind of measurement method of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
The defined time is in 720 hours.
6. a kind of measurement method of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
Constant load stress corrosion (cracking) test uses counterweight load mode.
7. a kind of measurement method of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Measuring Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion uses slow tensile test apparatus, the threshold stress for measuring stress corrosion to be tested using constant load
Device.
8. a kind of measurement method of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
The shape of sample includes plate and rodlike, and the thickness of the plate is more than 5mm, and the rodlike diameter is more than 5mm.
9. a kind of measurement method of wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Contrast test environmental condition is to use 3.0%NaCl+0.5%H2O2Solution, temperature are 35 ± 10 DEG C, are replaced within every 24 hours primary molten
Liquid, to ensure the consistency of solution composition.
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| CN110411819A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-11-05 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | It is a kind of to corrode threshold value K with smooth pole tensile sample test stressISCCMethod |
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