CN108378028A - 一种新型高分子脂肪膜助剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种新型高分子脂肪膜助剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108378028A
CN108378028A CN201810242923.6A CN201810242923A CN108378028A CN 108378028 A CN108378028 A CN 108378028A CN 201810242923 A CN201810242923 A CN 201810242923A CN 108378028 A CN108378028 A CN 108378028A
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怀春计
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Weinan High Tech Zone To Promote Kao Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种新型高分子脂肪膜助剂及其制备方法，包含以下各组份及配比：高级脂肪醇晶体(C15～C20)12～18％、羧甲基纤维素12～18％、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚12～18％、抗氧剂6165～9％、2,4,6‑三甲基苯甲酰基苯基膦酸乙酯10～15％、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚6～10％、异丙基硫代半乳糖苷6～10％、植物合成因子4～8％、十二水合硫酸铝钾7～11％和2‑甲基‑2,4‑戊二醇4～6％，本发明新高分子脂肪膜助剂使用时进行二次配置，使用后能达到农药减施增效、减量控害和农作物病虫害可持续治理，保障粮食安全、农产品质量安全和农业生态安全的效果。

Description

一种新型高分子脂肪膜助剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于植物保护的助剂，具体地说涉及一种新型高分子脂肪膜助剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
据农业部权威部门测定，目前我国农药/化肥利用率大概在30％左右,如何提高农药利用率、降低农药用量、减少使用次数等已成为我国乃至世界农业生产和生态环境领域亟待解决的关键问题。
我国目前现有的传统农药增效剂都是以高载体的水剂为主，多是以提高农药有效成份毒性和刺激植物生理代谢速度，才能达到提高药效的目的。这些增效剂虽能起到增效作用，但是在提高农药有效成分利用率的同时，也增加了农副产品的残毒量，对消费者的身体健康造成严重威胁。这些易挥发、易水解的农药/化肥对土壤和空气造成了严重污染，大规模破坏了空气质量，弊大于利。
我国目前农资的经营模式基本都是分户经营，千家万户分散防治病虫，家家户户买药、存药和施药。农户受文化水平限制，出现盲目、乱用农药现象，农药用量越来越大，次数越来越多，甚至在蔬菜、果树、茶叶等经济作物上施用高毒、禁用农药，造成农药浪费、成本增加、天敌减少、害虫抗性增强、污染环境和农产品，造成人、畜中毒和死亡。所以研发一种用于农药/化肥减量增效降污染的新高分子脂肪膜助剂及其配制方法刻不容缓。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提供了一种新型高分子脂肪膜助剂及其制备方法。本发明新高分子脂肪膜助剂使用后能达到农药减施增效、减量控害和农作物病虫害可持续治理，保障粮食安全、农产品质量安全和农业生态安全的效果。
本发明一种新型高分子脂肪膜助剂包含下列组份的原料：高级脂肪醇晶体(C15～C20)、羧甲基纤维素、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚、抗氧剂616、2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基苯基膦酸乙酯、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、异丙基硫代半乳糖苷、植物合成因子、十二水合硫酸铝钾和2-甲基-2,4-戊二醇。
本发明一种新型高分子脂肪膜助剂包含的原料依照以下重量百分比配置：
优选的，本发明一种新型高分子脂肪膜助剂包含以下配比的组分：
本发明一种新型高分子脂肪膜助剂通过如下步骤的方法制备：
①先将羧甲基纤维素和聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚和抗氧剂616按照所述比例混合成A型制剂；
②再将2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基苯基膦酸乙酯和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和异丙基硫代半乳糖苷按照所述比例混合成B项制剂；
③再将十二水合硫酸铝钾和2-甲基-2,4-戊二醇按照所述比例混合成C型制剂；
④在温度18℃～22℃条件下将所述A、B、C三项制剂混合后分装到塑料包装内；
⑤再将高级脂肪醇晶体单料按所述比例均分至各塑料包装内；
⑥置放30～35小时以上再将植物合成因子所述按比例均分至各塑料包装内装瓶封闭，制成。
本发明的技术指标：
本发明的作用机理如下：
用于农药/化肥减量增效降污染的新型高分子脂肪膜助剂是一种粉剂纯品产品。使用时需要二次稀释，安全高效无污染。喷施植物表面可行成一种高分子保护膜紧贴植物表面，抑制因挥发、水解、光解、及水质因素造成的农药有效成份利用率降低等负面效应。但不影响作物吸水透气透光。可影响植食性昆虫对寄主植物磁场的感应，屏蔽了植物磁场，阻止害虫获得植物信息素，切断其情报来源，让外界无法接受到植物释放的电磁波，这类似于隔音墙的效果，让害虫无法“听”到植物的声音。扰乱其行为，不再对寄主植物造成伤害。加入农药/化肥中可防止飘逸、缓释分解反应，减少施药次数，减小施药量，降低污染。综合提升有机食品安全品级。同时可保温、保湿、防病驱虫。过滤植物呼吸杂质，防污染，抑制病毒感染。无激素、农药、肥料成分。轻装无毒、无味无污染、无不良反应。为扎实推进农业部提出的《到2020年农药使用量零增长行动方案》的实施，实现农药减施增效、减量控害和农作物病虫害可持续治理，保障粮食安全、农产品质量安全和农业生态安全。达到农药减量使用、保证病虫防治效果、保障农产品有效供给目标，提供了强有力的科技支撑。
本发明一种新型高分子脂肪膜助剂使用后的有益效果是：
1.发明的非农药粉剂纯品，改造了液体低含量农药增效剂的高污染和化学解质之弊，真正达到了减量、增效、降污染的目的；
2.发明的二次稀释法，改变了常规农药一次稀释法的不稳定性；
3.发明的防飘逸节能增效法，改造了常规农药增效剂提高毒力增效的作用机理；
4.发明的广谱性增效功能，改善了常规农药增效剂的靶标增效局限；
5.独特的保温保湿功能，可使幼苗幼芽健壮，提升免疫力抑制病毒扩散。
具体实施方式
实施例：本发明一种新型高分子脂肪膜助剂制备方法如下：
①先将150g羧甲基纤维素和150g聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚和70g抗氧剂616按上面比列混合成A型制剂；
②再将120g 2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基苯基膦酸乙酯和80g脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和80g异丙基硫代半乳糖苷混合B型制剂；
③再将90g十二水合硫酸铝钾和50g 2-甲基-2,4-戊二醇混合成C型制剂；
④在温度18℃～22℃条件下将ABC混合后分装到100毫升的塑料包装内；
⑤再将高级脂肪醇晶体单料150g按上述均分至各塑料包装内；
⑥置放30～35小时以上再将植物合成因子60g均分至各塑料包装内封闭装瓶。即配成1000g新型高分子脂肪膜助剂。
使用方法(需要二次稀释)如下：
母液的配置：打开包装，将新型高分子脂肪膜助剂放进原包装瓶内，加水至瓶口，充分搅动至粉剂全部溶解成乳膏状母液。标准包装规格每瓶(300毫升)，可配置母液300克。配成的母液也可直接使用。母液保质期6个月。
母液的稀释：根据用途选择稀释倍数，母液PH值中性，与酸性、碱性农药都可兼容，加入水中溶解即成稀释液，计算方法是：稀释倍数X母液重量＝稀释液总量。存放保质期20天内。标准型新高脂膜一般稀释800倍液(240多公斤)，使用常规喷雾器可喷雾果园2—3亩，其他作物8—10亩。浓度越大，效果越好。安全卫生，无药害。
各种不同用途的配制方法如下：
1、籽种拌种：每瓶母液一般稀释5—10公斤液体，浸种后捞出晾干即可下种。可保温、保湿、吸胀，提高种子发芽率，使幼苗健壮。驱避地下虫害，隔离病毒感染。也可与种衣剂混用。
2、育苗保墒：下种后，每瓶母液一般稀释50—60公斤液体。喷雾地面保墒，可活化表层板结密度，提高出苗率。
3、保护植株：每瓶母液一般稀释240公斤液体，喷雾在植株和叶面，即给植株套上保健透明衣。隔绝病菌侵染，提高抗自然灾害能力和光合作用强度，保护植物茁壮成长。
4、防病驱虫：使用农药时，每瓶母液一般稀释240公斤液体，可屏蔽害虫嗅觉，抑制病菌复制，降低其抗药性和用药量，提升农药效果。
5、幼果套袋：幼果期用新高脂膜400倍液+杀菌剂喷施果面，可降解果锈，降低裂果率，优化果实呼吸质量和着色光度。葡萄粒灰粉多。对桃树穿孔病防治效果好。
6、果实保鲜：每瓶母液一般稀释150公斤液体，浸涂采收的成熟果实，可阻止水分蒸腾，抗冻、恒温，延长储存保鲜期。
7、幼苗移栽：幼苗移栽前，每瓶母液一般稀释10公斤液体，浸涂或喷涂幼苗根系晾干，下地栽培可缩短缓苗期。每瓶母液一般稀释50—60公斤液体喷雾栽植完毕后的苗体和地面，可提高成活率，恢复植株旺盛。
8、雹灾急救：每瓶母液一般稀释50公斤液体。喷涂受冰雹袭击过的植物表面防创伤口氧化和腐溃，可防病毒感染，促进植物还原生理元气。
9、接穗防氧化：果树嫁接插条，先用新高脂膜母液封闭接穗伤口，再用麻丝或绳子捆扎，可防氧化，防病菌侵入，制造真空环境抑制津液干枯，提高成活率。
10、抗旱保湿：每瓶母液一般稀释80—100公斤液体，干旱季节喷涂大田苗株叶面，可保护苗体湿度，提高植物抗旱因子活力和自我抗旱能力。
11、抗寒保温：每瓶母液一般稀释80—100公斤液体，喷涂果枝，可提升抗冻因子活力，预防倒春寒冻死花芽和叶芽。
12、农药增效：加入农药800倍液中，控制农药挥发飘逸，防小雨水冲刷，降低每亩用药量减半，提高防治效果多倍。也可加入叶面肥中增效。
13、果实增色：每瓶母液一般稀释500公斤液体，喷涂成熟果实表面或脱袋果面，迅速增加着色度。
14、优化果蔬品质：全年每次用农药和叶面肥时加入本品800--1000倍液，可助力各种植物生长发育正能量，保障生产出的果实、蔬菜、药材等绿色食品天然品味，食用时用清水冲洗，即可脱膜，色泽艳丽、产量高，身价高，提升果蔬品级，种植户则低投入、高回报。
附：检验报告
新型高分子脂肪膜助剂农药减量控害增产试验示范总结
委托单位：呼伦贝尔市植保植检站
承担单位：呼伦贝尔市农业科学研究所
试验地点：扎兰屯市呼伦贝尔市农研所试验地
参加人员：张海军闫任沛李殿军徐德武孙平丽韩振芳郑连义胡向敏范丽萍
摘要：按照呼伦贝尔市植保植检站印发《2017年农药减施增效技术示范方案》要求，2017年阿荣旗开展新高脂膜农药减量控害增产试验示范，现总结如下:
一、试验目的：为扎实推进农业部提出的《到2020年农药使用量零增长行动方案》的实施，实现农药减施增效、减量控害和农作物病虫害可持续治理，保障粮食安全、农产品质量安全和农业生态安全。达到农药减量使用、保证病虫防治效果、保障农产品有效供给目标。
二、试验地点：玉米试验点在向阳峪镇两方六村，大豆试验点在新发乡唐王沟村。
三、试验药剂：新型高分子脂肪膜助剂由陕西促花王科技有限公司提供，除草剂在当地选购。
四、母液的配置：打开包装，先将包装瓶内小袋粉剂取出(每袋约40克)共同放在一个器皿里，加水(40克/袋+250克水)用力充分搅动成母液乳膏，将配置好的母液以每瓶300克重量计算。
五、供试作物及对象：大豆和玉米田苗后除草试验。
六、农药减量方法：除草剂按常量减40％、30％，每亩加新高脂膜膏剂30克。
七、试验设计和处理：试验示范采取大区对比试验，设3个处理，每个处理区面积0.5亩。处理与对照作物栽培方式、品种、管理、水肥条件一致。
试验设计
八、试验方法：各处理分别于玉米大豆苗后茎叶喷雾处理，亩兑水量30公斤，药剂采用二次稀释方法，充分搅拌，均匀喷雾。
九、防治效果调查
(一)、气象及土壤资料
施药当日试验地天气状况表
玉米试验田土壤为暗棕壤，地势平坦，肥力均匀，有机质含量为2.8％，PH值为6.5，速钾220㎎/kg，速磷39.1㎎/kg，水解氮328.1㎎/kg。前茬大豆，杂草分布均匀。
大豆试验田土壤为暗棕壤，地势平坦，肥力均匀，有机质含量为2.1％，PH值为6.1，速钾211.3㎎/kg，速磷38.2㎎/kg，水解氮313.2㎎/kg。前茬玉米，杂草分布均匀。
(二)、调查的方法、时间和次数
各处理分别于施药前和施药后15天、30天进行调查，每个处理取5点调查杂草数量。
(三)、各处理方法保护天敌对比
施药后通过多点观察，各处理对天敌和其他非靶标生物无影响。
(四)、对作物药害的影响
施药后7天和15天进行调查，各处理对作物均无药害症状。
(五)、防除效果
防除效果调查表
(六)、产量调查
玉米产量调查表
大豆产量调查表
十、效益分析与结论报告
玉米效益分析表
大豆效益分析表
通过试验调查，采用新型高分子脂肪膜助剂加除草剂，防除玉米和大豆田杂草，除草剂减量使用与常规用量的除草效果没有明显差异，防效分别为：玉米田除草：新型高分子脂肪膜助剂+24％硝磺烟莠去津减量40％防效91.2％；新型高分子脂肪膜助剂+24％硝磺烟莠去津减量30％防效93.8％；大豆田除草：新型高分子脂肪膜助剂+35％松喹氟磺胺减量40％防效92.9％；新型高分子脂肪膜助剂+35％松喹氟磺胺减量30％防效93.8％。新型高分子脂肪膜助剂加除草剂对玉米和大豆有一定增产效果，其中玉米增产2.1-4.8％，投入产出比1:2.9-6.8；大豆增产3.3％，投入产出比1:4.5-4.7。应用陕西促花王科技有限公司提供的新型高分子脂肪膜助剂，可以达到农药减施增效、减量控害效果。

Claims (5)

1.一种新型高分子脂肪膜助剂，其特征在于：包含下列组份的原料：高级脂肪醇晶体(C15～C20)、羧甲基纤维素、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚、抗氧剂616、2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基苯基膦酸乙酯、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、异丙基硫代半乳糖苷、植物合成因子、十二水合硫酸铝钾和2-甲基-2,4-戊二醇。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种新型高分子脂肪膜助剂，其特征在于：所述的原料依照以下重量百分比配置：
3.根据权利要求2所述一种新型高分子脂肪膜助剂，其特征在于：所述的原料依照以下重量百分比配置：
4.根据权利要求2-3所述的任何一种新型高分子脂肪膜助剂，其特征在于：依照下列步骤制备：
①先将羧甲基纤维素和聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚和抗氧剂616按照所述比例混合成A型制剂；
②再将2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基苯基膦酸乙酯和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和异丙基硫代半乳糖苷按照所述比例混合成B项制剂；
③再将十二水合硫酸铝钾和2-甲基-2,4-戊二醇按照所述比例混合成C型制剂；
④在温度18℃～22℃条件下将所述A、B、C三项制剂混合后分装到塑料包装内；
⑤再将高级脂肪醇晶体单料按所述比例均分至各塑料包装内；
⑥置放30～35小时以上再将植物合成因子所述按比例均分至各塑料包装内装瓶封闭，制成。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种新型高分子脂肪膜助剂，其特征在于：使用方法如下：
①母液的配置：打开包装，将新高脂膜粉剂放进原包装瓶内，加水至瓶口，充分搅动至粉剂全部溶解成乳膏状母液；
②母液的稀释：根据用途选择稀释倍数，将上述步骤中的母液加入水中溶解即成稀释液，计算方法是：稀释倍数×母液重量＝稀释液总量。标准型新型高分子脂肪膜助剂一般稀释800倍液。
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WO2023077374A1 (zh) * 2021-11-04 2023-05-11 珠海市润农科技有限公司 高级脂肪醇在提高植物抗病抗逆能力方面的应用

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