CN108361262B - A kind of screw retention and disconnecting prevention structure - Google Patents
A kind of screw retention and disconnecting prevention structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108361262B CN108361262B CN201810160555.0A CN201810160555A CN108361262B CN 108361262 B CN108361262 B CN 108361262B CN 201810160555 A CN201810160555 A CN 201810160555A CN 108361262 B CN108361262 B CN 108361262B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- screw
- bolt
- connector
- pressure ring
- disconnecting prevention
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B35/00—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
- F16B39/28—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by special members on, or shape of, the nut or bolt
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Bolts, Nuts, And Washers (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of screw retention and disconnecting prevention structures, provide a kind of screw retention and disconnecting prevention structure, the bolt of annular groove is offered including screw rod peripheral wall and is installed on the anti-avulsion piece of connector one or connector two, further include the screw for fixing the anti-avulsion piece, gasket is installed between the nut of the bolt and the anti-avulsion piece;The anti-avulsion piece includes pressure ring, the multiple groups fixinig plate in the pressure ring outer ledge is arranged, is arranged in the elastic slice of the multiple groups sector structure of the pressure ring inside edge, and the screw is installed in the screw hole and is fixed on connector one or connector two;The screw head of a nail peripheral wall offers multiple groups card slot, and described card one end is placed in the card slot.The present invention has the advantages that structure is simply and easy to loading and unloading, can be convenient for bolt loading and unloading, therefore, reduce installation difficulty in the case where not dismantling locking component, improve installation effectiveness, improve versatility;Locking component is also applied for the use of pin shaft parts anticreep occasion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to machinery field, specifically a kind of screw retention and disconnecting prevention structure.
Background technique
Bolt is indispensable part in mechanical structure, and bolt must be used in some important connection structures
Locking device or structure.Existing screw retention method has that friction is locking, it is locking and non-disconnectable locking etc. to lock, 1) friction is locking
Double nut or spring washer are mostly used, the connection of mechanical external static component is applied in general to;2) it locks locking general using split pin
Be used cooperatively with channel nut, locked spacer, locked spacer are used cooperatively and connect with round nut wire, although anti-loosing effect
Reliably, and it is suitable in locking more demanding occasion, but dismounts trouble, installation difficulty is big;3) non-disconnectable locking mainly to adopt
Point, welding or splicing are rushed with end riveting, screw thread, applies in general to the use when component is permanently connected, and then applicability is poor.Cause
This designs a kind of screw retention and disconnecting prevention structure solves above-mentioned deficiency in view of above-mentioned.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is locking and anticreep can be played the role of to bolt, screw retention is improved
The practicability and versatility of structure.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of screw retention and disconnecting prevention structure are provided, bolt and the company of being installed on of annular groove are offered including screw rod peripheral wall
The anti-avulsion piece of fitting one or connector two further includes the screw for fixing the anti-avulsion piece, the connector one and connector
Two is affixed by the bolt, and the anti-avulsion piece is connected with the screw rod of the bolt, the nut of the bolt and the anti-avulsion
Gasket is installed between piece.
The anti-avulsion piece include pressure ring, be arranged the multiple groups fixinig plate in the pressure ring outer ledge, be arranged in
The elastic slice of the multiple groups sector structure of the pressure ring inside edge offers separation trough, bullet described in multiple groups between the adjacent elastic slice
Piece is directed toward pressure ring center of circle end and constitutes putting hole, and the bolt screw rod is placed in the putting hole and elastic slice one end described in every group
It is placed in the annular groove.
The fixinig plate includes being connected to the lower sheeting of the pressure ring and being connected to the lower sheeting by connection sheet
Upper tabletting, the upper tabletting offers screw hole, and the screw hole, through the lower sheeting, the screw is installed on institute
It states in screw hole and is fixed on connector one or connector two.
The upper tabletting offers the side channel being intertwined with the screw hole, and card is provided in the side channel, described
Card and side channel junction constitute broken line;The screw head of a nail peripheral wall offers multiple groups card slot, and described card one end is placed in described
In card slot.
Preferably, the annular groove section is that arc structure or the annular groove are equipped with far from the nut edge of the bolt
Corner structure.
It is tilted preferably, the elastic slice is directed toward pressure ring center of circle end to the screw cap end far from bolt, the separation trough root
Arc pore structure is offered, the gasket is pressed at the top of the pressure ring and constitutes gap with the elastic slice.
Preferably, connection sheet is arc structure, the lower sheeting is arranged in parallel with upper tabletting, and pressure is directed toward in the upper tabletting
Ring center end is cantilever end.
Preferably, it is cantilever end structure that the card, which is directed toward screw nose end,.
Preferably, described card slot a side is equipped with the chamfering structure for extending to the card slot bottom.
Preferably, the anti-avulsion piece is made of spring steel plate or stainless steel plate punching press.
The invention has the advantages that the present invention has the advantages that structure is simply and easy to loading and unloading, locking portion is not being dismantled
It can be convenient for bolt loading and unloading, therefore, reduce installation difficulty in the case where part, improve installation effectiveness, and be suitably mounted to not
Same occasion uses, and improves versatility;Locking component is also applied for the use of pin shaft parts anticreep occasion.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the first mounting structure schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the decomposition texture schematic diagram of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the second mounting structure schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the decomposition texture schematic diagram of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the decomposition texture schematic diagram of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is anti-avulsion piece schematic perspective view provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is anti-avulsion piece schematic view of the front view provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is anti-avulsion piece left view structural representation provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is anti-avulsion piece backsight structural representation provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is enlarged structure schematic diagram at the A of Fig. 6;
Figure 11 is bolt structure schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
In figure: 1- bolt, 1.1- annular groove, 2- anti-avulsion piece, 2.1- pressure ring, 2.2- fixinig plate, the upper tabletting of 2.21-, 2.211-
Screw hole, 2.212- side channel, 2.213- card, 2.214- broken line, 2.22- lower sheeting, 2.23- connection sheet, 2.3- elastic slice, 2.4-
Separation trough, 2.5- putting hole, 3- screw, 3.1- card slot, 4- gasket, a- connector one, b- connector two.
Specific embodiment
Above scheme is described further below in conjunction with specific embodiment.It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrating
The present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.Implementation condition used in the examples can be done according to the condition of specific producer into
One successive step, the implementation condition being not specified are usually the condition in routine experiment.
In a particular embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 5, a kind of screw retention and disconnecting prevention structure, including screw rod week are provided
Wall offers the bolt 1 of annular groove 1.1 and is fixed on one a of connector or two b of connector and is used to prevent bolt 1 from falling off or loosening
Anti-avulsion piece 2, anti-avulsion piece 2 is made using spring steel plate or stainless steel plate punching press, one a of connector or connection is fixed on by screw 3
Two b of part;Gasket 4 is installed, gasket 4 is plain cushion structure between the nut and anti-avulsion piece 2 of bolt 1;One a of connector and connector two
B is affixed by bolt 1, and anti-avulsion piece 2 is connected with 1 screw portion of bolt.
As shown in Figures 6 to 9, anti-avulsion piece 2 includes that pressure ring 2.1, the multiple groups being arranged in 2.1 outer ledge of pressure ring are fixed
Piece 2.2 is arranged and offers separation between the elastic slice 2.3 of the multiple groups sector structure of the inside of pressure ring 2.1, adjacent elastic slice 2.3
Slot 2.4, multiple groups elastic slice 2.3 are directed toward 2.1 center of circle end of pressure ring and constitute the putting hole 2.5 for placing the bolt 1, putting hole 2.5
Diameter is less than the nominal diameter of bolt 1, and 1 putting hole of bolt, 2.5 inner shrapnel 2.3 is swung to 1 direction of insertion of bolt, makes putting hole
2.5 strut and diameter increase (not shown), when one a of connector connect with two b of connector and bolt 1 it is pre- it is next (such as Fig. 6 and
Shown in Fig. 3), every group of 2.3 one end of elastic slice is placed in annular groove 1.1 (not shown), and 1.1 section of annular groove is arc structure or annular groove
The 1.1 nut edges far from bolt 1 are chamfering structure, and elastic slice 2.3 is directed toward 2.1 center of circle end of pressure ring to the spiral shell far from bolt 1
The inclination of cap end, 2.4 root of separation trough offer anti-tear arc pore structure, and gasket 4 is pressed on 2.1 top of pressure ring and and elastic slice
2.3 are constituted conducive to elastic slice 2.3 along the gap that 1 axis direction of bolt is swung, and therefore, can be pre-tightened convenient for the handling of bolt 1, and energy
Enough prevent connector vibration from bolt 1 being caused to loosen or extract.
As shown in Figures 6 to 9, fixinig plate 2.2 includes being connected to the lower sheeting 2.22 of pressure ring 2.1 and passing through connection sheet
2.23 are connected to the upper tabletting 2.21 of lower sheeting 2.22, and connection sheet 2.23 is arc structure, lower sheeting 2.22 and upper tabletting 2.21
It is arranged in parallel, it is cantilever end that 2.1 center of circle end of pressure ring is directed toward in upper tabletting 2.21, and tabletting 2.21 is made to have elasticity, upper tabletting 2.21
The screw hole 2.211 for mounting screw 3 is offered, and screw hole 2.211 is through lower sheeting 2.22, when screw 3 will be only
Flake 2 is fixed on one a of connector or two b of connector can prevent screw 3 from falling off by the upper tabletting 2.21 of elasticity.
As shown in Figure 10, upper tabletting 2.21 offers the side channel 2.212 being intertwined with screw hole 2.211, side channel 2.212
It is inside provided with card 2.213, card 2.213 and 2.212 junction of side channel constitute broken line 2.214;As shown in figure 11, screw 3
Head of a nail peripheral wall offers multiple groups card slot 3.1, and card 2.213 is placed in card slot 3.1 one end after the folding of broken line 2.214, card
2.213 are directed toward 2.211 end of screw hole as cantilever end structure, can insert or pull out card slot 3.1 convenient for card 2.213, and block
3.1 a side of slot is equipped with the chamfering structure for extending to 3.1 bottom of card slot, when 2.213 one end of card is placed in card slot 3.1, energy
It is enough tightened convenient for screw 3, and another side can prevent screw 3 from loosening.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 2, anti-avulsion piece 2 is fixed on one a of connector by screw 3, and one a of connector can be
Connector, two b of connector can be connected piece, and one a of connector is fixed in two b of connector, and the spiral shell of bolt 1 by bolt 1
Bar is placed in putting hole 2.5, and after bolt 1 reaches regulation pretightning force, 2.3 end of elastic slice is placed in annular groove 1.1, realizes that bolt loosens
And anticreep;It limits screw 3 by card 2.213 to rotate, anti-avulsion piece 2 can be kept fixed state with one a of connector always;Bolt
1 disassembly when, by screw bolt 1 can make 2.3 end of elastic slice to 1 direction of motion of bolt tilt and make elastic slice 2.3 from annular groove
Abjection in 1.1 realizes that bolt 1 is dismantled.
Embodiment two
As shown in Figures 3 to 5, anti-avulsion piece 2 is fixed on two b of connector, two b of connector and connector by screw 3
The connecting pin of one a offers the slot structure for placing anti-avulsion piece 2, and one a of connector can be connected piece, and two b of connector can be connection
Part, two b of connector is fixed in one a of connector by bolt 1, and the screw rod of bolt 1 is placed in putting hole 2.5, and bolt 1 reaches
After providing pretightning force, 2.3 end of elastic slice is placed in annular groove 1.1, and realization bolt loosens and anticreep;Spiral shell is limited by card 2.213
3 rotation of nail, anti-avulsion piece 2 can be kept fixed state with two b of connector always;It, can by screwing bolt 1 when bolt 1 is dismantled
It tilts 2.3 end of elastic slice to 1 direction of motion of bolt and deviates from out of annular groove 1.1, realize that bolt 1 is dismantled.
Taking the above-mentioned ideal embodiment according to the present invention as inspiration, through the above description, relevant staff is complete
Various changes and amendments can be carried out without departing from the scope of the technological thought of the present invention' entirely.The technology of this invention
Property range is not limited to the contents of the specification, it is necessary to which the technical scope thereof is determined according to the scope of the claim.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of screw retention and disconnecting prevention structure, offer the bolt of annular groove including screw rod peripheral wall and be installed on connector one or
The anti-avulsion piece of connector two further includes the screw for fixing the anti-avulsion piece, which is characterized in that the connector one with connect
Part two is affixed by the bolt, and the anti-avulsion piece is connected with the screw rod of the bolt, and the nut of the bolt stops with described
Gasket is installed between flake;
The anti-avulsion piece includes pressure ring, the multiple groups fixinig plate in the pressure ring outer ledge is arranged, is arranged in described
The elastic slice of the multiple groups sector structure of pressure ring inside edge offers separation trough between the adjacent elastic slice, and elastic slice described in multiple groups refers to
Putting hole is constituted to pressure ring center of circle end, the screw rod of the bolt is placed in the putting hole and elastic slice one end described in every group is set
In in the annular groove;
The fixinig plate includes the upper pressure for being connected to the lower sheeting of the pressure ring and being connected to the lower sheeting by connection sheet
Piece, the upper tabletting offers screw hole, and the screw hole, through the lower sheeting, the screw is installed on the spiral shell
In nail hole and it is fixed on connector one or connector two;
The upper tabletting offers the side channel being intertwined with the screw hole, and card, the card are provided in the side channel
Broken line is constituted with side channel junction;The screw head of a nail peripheral wall offers multiple groups card slot, and described card one end is placed in the card slot
It is interior.
2. a kind of screw retention as described in claim 1 and disconnecting prevention structure, which is characterized in that the annular groove section is circular arc knot
The nut edge of structure or the annular groove far from the bolt is equipped with chamfering structure.
3. a kind of screw retention as described in claim 1 and disconnecting prevention structure, which is characterized in that the elastic slice is directed toward the pressure ring center of circle
It holds to the screw cap end far from bolt and tilts, the separation trough root offers arc pore structure, and the gasket is pressed on the pressure
Gap is constituted at the top of ring and with the elastic slice.
4. a kind of screw retention as described in claim 1 and disconnecting prevention structure, which is characterized in that connection sheet is arc structure, institute
It states lower sheeting to be arranged in parallel with upper tabletting, it is cantilever end that pressure ring center of circle end is directed toward in the upper tabletting.
5. a kind of screw retention as described in claim 1 and disconnecting prevention structure, which is characterized in that the card is directed toward screw nose end
For cantilever end structure.
6. a kind of screw retention as described in claim 1 and disconnecting prevention structure, which is characterized in that described card slot a side, which is equipped with, prolongs
Extend to the chamfering structure of the card slot bottom.
7. a kind of screw retention as described in claim 1 and disconnecting prevention structure, which is characterized in that the anti-avulsion piece uses Elastic Steel
Plate or stainless steel plate punching press are made.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201810160555.0A CN108361262B (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2018-02-27 | A kind of screw retention and disconnecting prevention structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201810160555.0A CN108361262B (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2018-02-27 | A kind of screw retention and disconnecting prevention structure |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN108361262A CN108361262A (en) | 2018-08-03 |
CN108361262B true CN108361262B (en) | 2019-11-08 |
Family
ID=63002641
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201810160555.0A Active CN108361262B (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2018-02-27 | A kind of screw retention and disconnecting prevention structure |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN108361262B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109322898B (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2024-02-06 | 浙江盛世瑞金紧固件股份有限公司 | Lock bolt |
CN113229915B (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2022-12-13 | 天津市金兴达实业有限公司 | Intramedullary pin |
CN117752399B (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-07-09 | 常州集硕医疗器械有限公司 | Anti-drop formula anterior cervical bone plate with locking structure |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1341279A (en) * | 1919-01-18 | 1920-05-25 | Offner Charles | Locking-washer |
CN2134525Y (en) * | 1991-04-10 | 1993-05-26 | 纪湘东 | Self-controlled anti-loose screw device |
KR20040046680A (en) * | 2002-11-28 | 2004-06-05 | 도남호 | Washer for nut loose prevention |
CN201547096U (en) * | 2009-09-27 | 2010-08-11 | 青岛澳柯玛股份有限公司 | Adjusting bolt with self locking structure |
CN103398073A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-11-20 | 无锡市张泾宇钢机械厂 | Inwards concaved type elastic gasket |
-
2018
- 2018-02-27 CN CN201810160555.0A patent/CN108361262B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1341279A (en) * | 1919-01-18 | 1920-05-25 | Offner Charles | Locking-washer |
CN2134525Y (en) * | 1991-04-10 | 1993-05-26 | 纪湘东 | Self-controlled anti-loose screw device |
KR20040046680A (en) * | 2002-11-28 | 2004-06-05 | 도남호 | Washer for nut loose prevention |
CN201547096U (en) * | 2009-09-27 | 2010-08-11 | 青岛澳柯玛股份有限公司 | Adjusting bolt with self locking structure |
CN103398073A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-11-20 | 无锡市张泾宇钢机械厂 | Inwards concaved type elastic gasket |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN108361262A (en) | 2018-08-03 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN108361262B (en) | A kind of screw retention and disconnecting prevention structure | |
JPS62200288A (en) | Nuclear reactor | |
CN210290451U (en) | Durable nut structure | |
CN212360457U (en) | Anti-loosening screw fastener | |
CN209025983U (en) | Elastic thread screwed retaining ring | |
CN112032178A (en) | Anti-loose bolt and nut | |
CN212717585U (en) | Anti-loose bolt and nut | |
CN201731234U (en) | Base installing and fixing structure | |
CN212360445U (en) | Nut assembly never falling off | |
CN111576699B (en) | Nut assembly with nut jacket and fastening assembly thereof | |
CN205401401U (en) | Auto -lock lock washer | |
CN209977031U (en) | Non-standard bolt | |
CN108331829B (en) | A kind of nut anti-looseness coil structures | |
CN201771934U (en) | Threaded connection anti-loosening mechanism | |
CN210290460U (en) | Anti-rolling screw | |
CN220081898U (en) | T-shaped bolt | |
CN217302695U (en) | Lampshade connecting structure and indicating lamp | |
CN215861235U (en) | Fast-assembling nut | |
CN217682693U (en) | Screw-threaded fastener | |
CN213744290U (en) | Connecting piece for functional bracket | |
CN218670119U (en) | Locking screw rod and mechanical connection mechanism take off | |
CN217000209U (en) | Assembled steel structure connection structure | |
CN210385069U (en) | Detachable filter basket with fastener | |
CN212202772U (en) | Spiral cover fixing structure | |
CN212360454U (en) | Anti-loosening reed nut |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20190830 Address after: 237000 Lu'an economic and Technological Development Zone, Anhui Applicant after: Anhui Changjiang Fasteners Co., Ltd. Address before: 125113 Panshan Tun 158, Panshan Village, Liu Taizi Township, Xingcheng City, Huludao City, Liaoning Province Applicant before: Zhang Haijiang |
|
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |