CN108344882B - Positive step gravity acceleration generating device - Google Patents
Positive step gravity acceleration generating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108344882B CN108344882B CN201810061174.7A CN201810061174A CN108344882B CN 108344882 B CN108344882 B CN 108344882B CN 201810061174 A CN201810061174 A CN 201810061174A CN 108344882 B CN108344882 B CN 108344882B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P21/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus or devices covered by the preceding groups
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Abstract
The invention discloses a positive step gravity acceleration generating device, which comprises a base, wherein a vertical falling channel is arranged on the base, a falling hammer is arranged in the falling channel, a gap is reserved between the falling hammer and the falling channel, the bottom of the falling channel is provided with a stopping part, and the falling hammer is provided with an installation surface for installing a calibrated sensor; the mounting surface is exposed out of the falling channel. The gap between the drop hammer and the drop channel enables the drop hammer to do free-falling body motion in the drop channel, and the free-falling body endpoint of the drop hammer is the stopping part. The invention uses the positive step gravity acceleration signal to calibrate the acceleration sensor, and the positive step acceleration signal generated by each calibration is generated by gravity, and the acceleration generated by the gravity is constant, thus the acceleration sensor can be accurately calibrated, and the invention has simple equipment and easy operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of measurement and calibration of acceleration sensors, in particular to a positive step acceleration generating device.
Background
The acceleration sensor is an important measuring element and is widely applied to the fields of spaceflight, military, industry, automobiles and the like. Acceleration sensors are calibrated during manufacture and use.
Chinese patent No. 201220747057.4 discloses an acceleration sensor calibration device based on shaking table, including shaking table and a style of calligraphy resonance beam, the resonance beam both ends of telling pass through beam brace and base fixed connection, and a selected position between its both ends and the working face rigid connection of shaking table, just the resonance beam with shaking table surface's direction of motion is perpendicular, simultaneously, still be equipped with acceleration sensor installation position on the selected position on the resonance beam. The calibration process of the device is as follows: rigidly connecting a work table surface of a vibration table with a selected position between two ends of a resonance beam, fixedly connecting two ends of the resonance beam with a base, fixing a standard acceleration sensor and an acceleration sensor to be calibrated on an acceleration sensor mounting position distributed at the selected position of the resonance beam in a stacking mode, vibrating the work table surface along the direction vertical to the resonance beam, and simultaneously receiving and processing signals output by the standard acceleration sensor and the acceleration sensor to be calibrated by using detection equipment to realize calibration of the acceleration sensor to be calibrated.
The device for calibrating the acceleration sensor by the pulse method has the following defects: the vibration of the vibrating table is required to generate a standard acceleration signal, the standard acceleration signal is measured by a standard acceleration sensor, and a measurement error exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a positive step gravity acceleration signal generating device, wherein an acceleration signal generated each time when an acceleration sensor is calibrated is gravity acceleration.
A positive step gravity acceleration generating device comprises a base, wherein a vertical falling channel is arranged on the base, a falling hammer is arranged in the falling channel, a gap is reserved between the falling hammer and the falling channel, a stopping part is arranged at the bottom of the falling channel, and the falling hammer is provided with a mounting surface for mounting a calibrated sensor; the mounting surface is exposed out of the falling channel. The gap between the drop hammer and the drop channel enables the drop hammer to do free-falling body motion in the drop channel, and the free-falling body endpoint of the drop hammer is the stopping part.
The drop hammer is lifted in the vertical direction when the wire is disconnected, the drop hammer starts to freely fall to the end point, namely, even if the drop hammer generates a constant positive step acceleration signal when the wire is disconnected, the positive step acceleration signal is a gravity acceleration. And obtaining parameters such as the frequency spectrum of the sensor to be measured by the signal output by the sensor to be calibrated, and realizing calibration.
The gravitational acceleration of the test site is measured in advance. Alternatively, the device comprises a laser vibrometer, the laser vibrometer is aligned with the drop hammer, and the free falling body stroke of the drop hammer is long enough to ensure that the duration of the gravity acceleration signal in the positive step signal is long enough until the response of the calibrated acceleration sensor is finished.
Furthermore, the falling channel is formed by an air bearing, the air bearing is arranged on the base by a bearing seat, the stopping part is positioned below the air bearing, and the stopping part is a bulge protruding inwards from the inner ring of the air bearing. The air bearing forms an air film in the gap between the drop hammer and the drop passage, so that the drop hammer has no friction when falling.
Further, the stopping parts are at least two bulges uniformly distributed along the inner ring of the air bearing, or the stopping parts are convex rings. When the drop hammer reaches the stopping part, the bulge supports the step between the hammer body and the extending section, and the free-falling body movement is finished.
Furthermore, a dustproof cover is arranged on the air bearing, and the dustproof cover is provided with a hole allowing the threading hole of the drop hammer to be exposed. The position of the dustproof cover is the starting point of the falling channel.
Further, a rope rack and a rope are arranged on the base, the rope is used for hoisting the drop hammer in the vertical direction, a screw is arranged at the top of the drop hammer, and the rope is bound to the screw. The rope always keeps lifting the drop hammer in the vertical direction.
Further, the cord frame comprises a support plate and a wheel shaft mounting plate, the support plate is located between the wheel shaft mounting plate and the base, one end of the wheel shaft mounting plate is fixed with the support plate, the other end of the wheel shaft mounting plate is suspended, the suspended section of the wheel shaft mounting plate is provided with a cord leading-out hole, and the cord leading-out hole is over against the threading hole of the drop hammer in the vertical direction. The brace provides a drop weight and a cord provides suspension. The supporting plate is perpendicular to the supporting seat, and the axle mounting plate is perpendicular to the supporting plate, namely the axle mounting plate sets up horizontally. And after the wire is led out from the leading-out hole, the drop hammer is hung, and before the wire is disconnected, the position of the drop hammer is the starting point of the free falling body stroke.
Furthermore, there is the line wheel on the shaft mounting panel, first guide pulley and second guide pulley, and the cotton rope winding is accomodate in the line wheel, line wheel axle and shaft mounting panel rotatable coupling, and the other shaft braking piece that sets up of line wheel axle. The cord is pulled out from the line wheel, is wound around the first guide wheel and the second guide wheel in sequence, is tensioned on the first guide wheel and the second guide wheel in sequence, and passes through the line passing hole in a vertical state after passing through the second guide wheel.
The wheel shaft mounting plate is a hollow shell, the wire wheel, the first guide wheel and the second guide wheel are mounted in a cavity in the wheel shaft mounting plate, and the wire wheel shaft is fixed by a wire wheel knob exposed out of the wheel shaft mounting plate.
The wheel shaft braking part comprises an eccentric shaft and a knob, the knob is exposed out of the wheel shaft mounting plate, and the eccentric shaft is arranged beside the wheel shaft. The knob is integrated with the eccentric shaft.
When the device works, the acceleration sensor to be measured is fixed at the bottom end of the drop hammer, the cotton rope is fixed at the top end of the drop hammer, then air is introduced into the air bearing, the eccentric shaft is rotated to release the reel shaft, the reel shaft is rotated to lift the drop hammer by tensioning the thin line, the drop hammer is contacted with the dust cover, and the eccentric shaft is rotated to clamp the reel shaft so that the reel does not rotate. And finally, disconnecting the wire rope, making the drop hammer and the acceleration sensor perform free-fall motion together, and performing data processing on output signals of the acceleration sensor to obtain parameters such as a measured sensor frequency spectrum and the like so as to perform calibration.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the acceleration sensor is calibrated by using the positive step gravity acceleration signal, the positive step acceleration signal generated by each calibration is generated by gravity, the acceleration generated by the gravity is constant (is a gravity acceleration), the acceleration sensor can be accurately calibrated, and meanwhile, the equipment is simple and the operation is easy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an isometric view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a drop hammer module.
FIG. 3 is a control module schematic.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an eccentric shaft and a line shaft.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a drop hammer.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the positive step gravitational acceleration generating apparatus includes a base 21, a drop weight 2 suspended by a wire, and a drop passage accommodating the drop weight 2 therein and allowing the drop weight 2 to make a free-fall motion, the wire suspending the drop weight 2 in a vertical direction, and a stopper 3 at an end point of the drop passage. The drop hammer 2 comprises a hammer body 2A and an extension section 2B at the bottom of the hammer body 2A, a gap is reserved between the hammer body 2A and a drop channel, and the extension section 2B extends into the retainer ring 3 and is fixed at the bottom end of the drop hammer by the calibration sensor.
After the wire is disconnected, the drop hammer 2 makes free-falling body movement in the drop passage until the drop hammer 2 is supported by the retainer ring 3. Each wire break produces a constant positive step acceleration signal, which is a gravitational acceleration. After data processing is performed on the signal output by the calibrated sensor 20, a measured sensor spectrum and the like can be obtained, and calibration can be achieved.
The gravitational acceleration of the test site can be measured in advance. Or the invention is provided with a laser vibration meter, the laser vibration meter 22 is aligned with the drop hammer, and the falling acceleration of the drop hammer 2 is monitored; the height of the free falling body of the falling hammer 2 is greater than or equal to 5mm so as to ensure that the duration of the gravity acceleration signal is long enough.
The structure of the falling channel is as follows: a support seat 10 is arranged on the base 21, a flat plate 9 is fixedly arranged on the support seat 10, and the flat plate 9 is arranged horizontally; the mounting plate 9 is provided with a through hole which is used as a falling channel, and the retainer ring 3 is fixed at the bottom of the through hole. If the laser vibrometer is used to measure the acceleration of the drop hammer 2 when it freely falls, the laser vibrometer 22 is aligned with the through hole. The falling channel, the hammer body of the falling hammer, the extension section of the falling hammer and the retainer ring are all cylindrical, and a plane is cut on the outer cylindrical surface of the extension section and serves as a stop plane 2C. When the calibrated sensor is installed, the wrench abuts against the stop plane to screw the calibrated sensor in the installation hole.
An air bearing 1 and a bearing seat 4 are arranged in the through hole, and the bearing seat 4 and the air bearing 1 are horizontally arranged; air bearing 1 installs in bearing frame 4, and air bearing 1 contains annular body 1A, and evenly distributed has a plurality of throttle gas pocket 1B on the annular body 1A. In the present embodiment, four throttle air holes 1B are taken as an example, but the number of throttle air holes 1B is not limited to four. A single throttling air hole 1B penetrates through the annular body 1A along the radial direction, the air inlet end of the throttling air hole 1B is communicated with an air inlet pipeline, the air inlet pipeline is externally connected with an air source, the air outlet end of the throttling air hole 1B is positioned on the inner wall of the annular body 1A, and the retainer ring 3 is positioned below the air bearing 1; the drop hammer 2 is located in the annular body 1A for free-fall movement.
A dust cover 5 is arranged on the air bearing 1, and the dust cover 5 is provided with a hole which only allows the threading hole of the drop hammer to be exposed. The presence of the dust cap prevents the drop weight from being removed from the drop shaft while acting as a starting point for the free fall stroke.
The base is provided with a support plate 8 and a wheel shaft mounting plate 7, one end of the wheel shaft mounting plate 7 is fixed with the support plate 8, the other end of the wheel shaft mounting plate 7 is suspended, and a rope is led out from the suspended end of the wheel shaft mounting plate 7 and fixed with the drop hammer 2. The support plate 8 provides a suspension space for the drop hammer 2 and the cord. The support plate 8 is perpendicular to the supporting seat 10, and the axle mounting plate 7 is perpendicular to the support plate 8, i.e. the axle mounting plate 7 is horizontally arranged. And after the rope is led out from the suspended end of the wheel axle mounting plate 7, the drop hammer 2 is hung, and the rope is vertical.
Example 2
This example differs from example 1 in that: in the embodiment, the wheel shaft mounting plate is additionally provided with the wire wheel, the first guide wheel and the second guide wheel, and other structures are the same as those in embodiment 1.
As shown in figure 3, a reel, a first guide wheel and a second guide wheel are arranged on the wheel shaft mounting plate 7, a cord is wound and stored in the reel, a reel shaft 11 is rotatably connected with the wheel shaft mounting plate 7, and a wheel shaft braking piece is arranged beside the reel shaft 11. The cord is pulled out from the line wheel, is wound around the first guide wheel and the second guide wheel in sequence, is tensioned on the first guide wheel and the second guide wheel in sequence, and passes through the line passing hole in a vertical state after passing through the second guide wheel. In this embodiment, the first guide wheel is closer to the pulley 15 than the second guide wheel, the first guide wheel is lower than the second guide wheel, and the second guide wheel is located above the wire passing hole. The positions of the first guide wheel and the second guide wheel are not limited to those of the embodiment, as long as the cord is drawn out from the cord wheel 15, tensioned, drawn out from the cord passing hole in the vertical direction, and not contacted with the inner wall of the cord passing hole. Bearings are provided between the guide wheels and the respective guide wheel support shafts, so that the guide wheels can freely rotate. The cotton rope twines in the line wheel, and as the cotton rope outwards pulls out, the cotton rope diameter of twining in the line wheel diminishes gradually, and the setting of guide pulley for after the cotton rope pulls out from the line wheel, the position of cotton rope is not influenced by the cotton rope diameter in the line wheel.
The wheel shaft mounting plate 7 is a hollow shell, the reel 15, the first guide wheel and the second guide wheel are mounted in a cavity in the wheel shaft mounting plate 7, and the reel shaft 11 is fixed by a reel knob exposed out of the wheel shaft mounting plate 7.
As shown in fig. 4, the wheel axle brake comprises an eccentric shaft and a knob 16, the knob 16 is exposed out of the wheel axle mounting plate 7, and the eccentric shaft is arranged beside the wheel axle 11. The knob is integrated with the eccentric shaft. After the rope is fixed on the drop hammer 2, the eccentric shaft is clamped on the reel shaft 11 by the knob 16, the reel 15 is braked, the rope is tensioned, and the drop hammer 2 is hung in the vertical direction. To secure the cord to the drop weight 2, the knob releases the eccentric shaft from the reel shaft 11 and the cord can be pulled from the reel 15.
When the device works, a measured acceleration sensor is fixed at the bottom end of a drop hammer 2, a rope is fixed at the top end of the drop hammer 2, then air is introduced into an air bearing 1, an eccentric shaft is rotated to release a reel shaft 11, the reel shaft 11 is rotated to lift the drop hammer 2 through tensioning a thin line, the drop hammer 2 is contacted with a dust cover 5, and the eccentric shaft is rotated to clamp the reel shaft 11 so that the reel does not rotate. And finally, the wire rope is disconnected, the drop hammer 2 and the acceleration sensor do free-fall motion, and parameters such as the frequency spectrum of the sensor to be measured can be obtained after data processing is carried out on the output signal of the acceleration sensor, so that calibration is carried out.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the acceleration sensor is calibrated by using the positive step gravity acceleration signal, the positive step acceleration signal generated by each calibration is generated by gravity, the acceleration generated by the gravity is constant (is a gravity acceleration), the acceleration sensor can be accurately calibrated, and meanwhile, the equipment is simple and the operation is easy.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concept and the scope of the present invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments but rather by the equivalents thereof as may occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the present inventive concept.
Claims (7)
1. The positive step gravity acceleration generating device is characterized by comprising a base, wherein a vertical falling channel is arranged on the base, a falling hammer is arranged in the falling channel, a gap is reserved between the falling hammer and the falling channel, the bottom of the falling channel is provided with a stopping part, and the falling hammer is provided with an installation surface for installing a calibrated sensor; the mounting surface is exposed out of the falling channel; the gravitational acceleration produced when the drop hammer falls is used to calibrate the calibrated sensor.
2. The positive step acceleration of gravity generator according to claim 1, characterized by that, the falling channel is formed by an air bearing, the air bearing is mounted on the base by a bearing seat, the stopping part is located under the air bearing, the stopping part is a protrusion protruding inward from the inner ring of the air bearing.
3. The positive step gravitational acceleration generating device of claim 2, wherein the stops are at least two protrusions evenly distributed along the inner race of the air bearing, or wherein the stops are a raised ring.
4. The positive step gravitational acceleration generating apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a dust cover is provided above the air bearing, and the dust cover is provided with a hole for allowing the threading hole of the drop hammer to be exposed.
5. The positive step acceleration generator according to claim 4, wherein the base is provided with a string frame and a string, the string is used for lifting the drop hammer in a vertical direction, the top of the drop hammer is provided with a screw, and the string is bound to the screw.
6. The positive step gravitational acceleration generating apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the string frame comprises a support plate and a shaft mounting plate, the support plate is disposed between the shaft mounting plate and the base, one end of the shaft mounting plate is fixed to the support plate, the other end of the shaft mounting plate is suspended, the suspended section of the shaft mounting plate is provided with a string outlet, and the string outlet is vertically aligned with the threading hole of the drop hammer.
7. The positive step gravitational acceleration generating apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the wheel shaft mounting plate has a pulley, a first guide pulley and a second guide pulley, the cord is wound around the pulley, the reel shaft is rotatably connected to the wheel shaft mounting plate, and a wheel shaft brake is disposed beside the reel shaft.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810061174.7A CN108344882B (en) | 2018-01-22 | 2018-01-22 | Positive step gravity acceleration generating device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810061174.7A CN108344882B (en) | 2018-01-22 | 2018-01-22 | Positive step gravity acceleration generating device |
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| CN108344882A CN108344882A (en) | 2018-07-31 |
| CN108344882B true CN108344882B (en) | 2020-11-06 |
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Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012215417A (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-11-08 | Fujitsu Ltd | Acceleration correction device, acceleration correction method and acceleration correction program |
| FR2975485B1 (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2013-05-10 | Sagem Defense Securite | METHOD FOR CALIBRATING AN INERTIAL ASSEMBLY COMPRISING A DYNAMIC PHASE BETWEEN TWO STATIC PHASES |
| CN102507983B (en) * | 2011-10-09 | 2013-04-17 | 西安交通大学 | Simple high-g (gravity) acceleration shock testing machine |
| CN203069622U (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-07-17 | 苏州东菱振动试验仪器有限公司 | Calibration device for acceleration sensor |
| CN103344788A (en) * | 2013-07-20 | 2013-10-09 | 大连理工大学 | Gravitational potential energy impact type acceleration generating device |
| CN103411744B (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2016-01-13 | 浙江大学 | Electric eddy transducer dynamic calibration device |
| CN103712744B (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2015-08-12 | 浙江大学 | Positive step force pilot system |
| CN106706960B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2020-05-19 | 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 | Falling test bed for checking acceleration sensor period and detection method |
| CN107300628A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-10-27 | 柳州长虹机器制造公司 | It is a kind of to test the method that equipment tests many specification accelerometers with special accelerometer |
| CN207752037U (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-08-21 | 浙江大学 | Positive step acceleration of gravity generating means |
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