CN108340820B - 可展开的纵长构件 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种座椅组件,包括座椅靠背、纵长构件、烟火装置和线。座椅组件可以在车辆中。纵长构件由座椅靠背可旋转地支撑。烟火装置相对于座椅靠背固定。线连接到纵长构件并可展开地附接到烟火装置。
Description
技术领域
本文件总体涉及一种座椅组件。
背景技术
车辆会经受撞击测试标准的考验,以评估乘客的安全措施。作为一个例子,国家公路交通安全管理局(NHTSA)提供了一个测试程序,设计用来模拟车辆与柱杆发生侧面碰撞。NHTSA程序规定,载有测试假人作为乘客的测试车辆以每小时20英里的速度横向碰撞到直径为10英寸的刚性垂直杆上。国际公路安全协会(IIHS)和欧洲新车评估计划(EuroNCAP)等组织可能提供其他程序。这些程序可以测量对模拟车辆中不同位置的乘客的仿真测试设备的影响。
发明内容
一种座椅组件,包括:
座椅靠背;
由所述座椅靠背可旋转地支撑的纵长构件;
相对于所述座椅靠背固定的烟火装置;和
连接到纵长构件并且可展开地附接到所述烟火装置的线。
根据本发明的一个实施例,还包括将所述纵长构件连接到所述座椅靠背的枢轴,其中所述线至少部分地围绕所述枢轴延伸。
根据本发明的一个实施例,其中所述纵长构件相对于所述座椅靠背可手动旋转。
根据本发明的一个实施例,其中所述烟火装置可从准备状态发射到发射状态。
根据本发明的一个实施例,其中所述线相对于所述准备状态在所述发射状态下缩回到所述烟火装置中。
根据本发明的一个实施例,其中所述纵长构件能够在平行于所述座椅靠背的落下位置和横向于所述座椅靠背的升起位置之间旋转。
根据本发明的一个实施例,其中所述线被构造成将所述纵长构件旋转到所述升起位置。
根据本发明的一个实施例,还包括控制模块,所述控制模块与所述烟火装置通信并被编程为响应于车辆侧面碰撞而指示所述烟火装置发射。
根据本发明的一个实施例,还包括安全带,其中所述烟火装置可展开地联接到所述安全带。
根据本发明的一个实施例,其中所述座椅安全带包括插扣和带子,所述带子包括可与所述插扣接合的夹子。
根据本发明的一个实施例,其中所述烟火装置可展开地联接到所述插扣。
根据本发明的一个实施例,其中所述纵长构件被可旋转地支撑在所述座椅靠背的一侧上。
根据本发明的一个实施例,其中所述纵长构件具有面向所述座椅靠背的内侧,并且所述内侧被填充。
根据本发明的一个实施例,还包括支撑所述座椅靠背的座椅框架和由所述座椅框架支撑的座椅底部。
根据本发明的一个实施例,其中所述烟火装置联接到所述座椅框架。
根据本发明的一个实施例,其中所述座椅靠背包括倾斜机构,所述倾斜机构可在所述座椅靠背可相对于所述座椅底部移动的可调节状态和所述座椅靠背相对于所述座椅底部固定的固定状态之间切换。
根据本发明的一个实施例,其中所述纵长构件联接到所述倾斜机构。
根据本发明的一个实施例,其中所述纵长构件能够在所述倾斜机构处于所述固定状态的第一位置和所述倾斜机构处于所述可调节状态的第二位置之间旋转。
附图说明
图1是包括座椅的车辆的透视图;
图2是座椅的透视图;
图3是纵长构件处于落下位置的座椅的侧视图;
图4是纵长构件处于落下位置的长构件的座椅的前视图;
图5是纵长构件处于升起位置的座椅的侧视图;
图6是纵长构件处于升起位置的座椅的前视图;
图7是沿着图5中的线7-7的纵长构件的横截面;
图8是纵长构件处于落下位置时座椅的座椅靠背的一部分的侧视图;
图9是纵长构件处于升起位置时座椅的座椅靠背的一部分的侧视图;
图10是倾斜机构处于第一位置时的座椅替代实施例的座椅靠背的一部分的侧视图;
图11是倾斜机构处于第二位置时图10的座椅的替代实施例的座椅靠背的一部分的侧视图;
图12是座椅的另一替代实施例的透视图;
图13是座椅的纵长构件的控制***的框图。
具体实施方式
参考附图,其中相同的附图标记在几个视图中表示相同的部件,车辆30中的座椅组件32包括座椅靠背38、纵长构件42、烟火装置44和线46。纵长构件42由座椅靠背38可旋转地支撑。烟火装置44相对于座椅靠背38固定。线46连接到纵长构件42并且可展开地附接到烟火装置44。
如果车辆30经受正面或侧面碰撞,则座椅组件32可以减小车辆30的乘客向内侧移动的能力,即向车辆30的中心移动的能力。具体而言,纵长构件42可阻挡乘客的躯干向内侧移动。座椅组件32可以降低乘客撞击车辆30中的其他物体(例如座椅、其他乘客、仪表板等)的可能性。因此,座椅组件32可以减少在撞击期间对乘客造成伤害的可能性或严重性。如下面更详纵描述的,纵长构件42还可以与用于乘客的其他功能(例如用作扶手或用于控制座椅靠背38的倾斜的杆)结合。如下所述,座椅组件32还可以例如通过预拉伸安全带68与其他约束***结合。
参考图1和图2,座椅组件32包括座椅34。图1和图2中示出的座椅34是斗式座椅,但是替代地,座椅34可以是长条座椅或另一种类型的座椅。座椅34可包括座椅靠背38、座椅底部36和头枕40。头枕40可由座椅靠背38支撑,并可相对于座椅靠背38静止或可移动。座椅靠背38可由座椅底部36支撑并且可以相对于座椅底部36静止或可移动。座椅靠背38,座椅底部36和/或头枕40可以以多个自由度进行调节。具体地,座椅靠背38、座椅底部36和/或头枕40本身可以是可调节的,换句话说,在座椅靠背38、座椅底部36和/或头枕40内具有可调节的部件,和/或可以可相对于彼此调整。
参照图2,座椅34可以包括座椅框架48。座椅框架48可以包括面板和/或可以包括管、梁等。座椅框架48可以支撑座椅靠背38和/或座椅底部36。座椅框架48可以由任何合适的塑料材料形成,例如碳纤维增强塑料(CFRP)、玻璃纤维增强的半成品热塑性复合材料(有机片)等。可选地,例如,一些或全部的座椅框架48部件可以由合适的金属例如钢或铝形成。
继续参考图2,座椅34可以包括垫子50。垫子50支撑在座椅框架48上。垫子50可以由覆盖有饰面的缓冲材料制成。缓冲材料可以由泡沫或任何其他合适的支撑材料形成。饰面可以由布、皮革、仿皮或任何其他合适的材料形成。饰面可以缝合在泡沫周围的面板中。垫子50可以设置在座椅底部36、座椅靠背38和/或头枕40上。
参考图2-6,纵长构件42由座椅靠背38可旋转地支撑。具体地,纵长构件42被可旋转地支撑在座椅靠背38的侧面52上,也就是相对座椅34面向侧面的面板,换句话说,横向于座椅34的乘客所面对的方向。
纵长构件42可相对横向于座椅34的乘客所面对的方向的轴线A旋转。枢轴54可将纵长构件42连接至座椅靠背38。纵长构件42可相对于座椅靠背38手动旋转;换句话说,乘客可以相对于座椅靠背38旋转纵长构件42。例如,枢轴54可以提供阻止纵长构件42的旋转的摩擦力,并且摩擦力可以足够高使得纵长构件42不会因其自重旋转,但是摩擦力也足够低以使乘客能够旋转纵长构件42。纵长构件42可以在如图3和4所示的平行于座椅靠背38的落下位置和如图5和6所示的横向于座椅靠背38的升起位置之间旋转。在升起位置,纵长构件42可相对于座椅34指向前方,即,在座椅34的乘客将面对的方向上。座椅靠背38或纵长构件42可以包括防止纵长构件42向上旋转越过升起位置的止动件(未示出)。
座椅靠背38可包括当纵长构件42处于升起位置时与纵长构件42上的孔(未示出)对齐的销(未示出)。或者,纵长构件可以包括销,并且座椅靠背可以包括该孔。销可以是例如弹簧加压的以在对准时占据孔。销可以通过例如将销从孔中推出或拉出的按钮或旋钮(未示出)而缩回,由此允许纵长构件42围绕枢轴54旋转。当乘客将臂放置在纵长构件42上时,销和孔可以通过防止纵长构件42的向下运动而允许纵长构件42用作乘客的扶手。
参考图7,纵长构件42具有面向座椅靠背38的内侧56和背向座椅靠背38的外侧58。内侧56可以是被填充的,即由通过弹性压缩吸收能量的材料制成,这样可以提供缓冲。外侧58可以相对于内侧56是刚性的,并且内侧56可以相对于外侧58压缩。外侧58可以由塑料(例如碳纤维增强塑料(CFRP)、玻璃纤维增强半成品热塑性复合材料(有机片)等)、或金属(例如钢或铝)制成。
参考图10和图11,座椅靠背38包括倾斜机构60。如已知的,倾斜机构60可在座椅靠背38相对于座椅底部36可移动的可调节状态和座椅靠背38相对于座椅底部36固定的固定状态之间切换。例如,倾斜机构60可以包括可旋转构件62和可滑动构件64,每个都具有锯齿接合区域。在可调状态下,可滑动构件64与可转动构件62间隔开,从而允许可转动构件62转动,并且在固定状态下,可滑动构件64与可转动构件62接合,从而防止可转动构件的旋转。可旋转构件62可以相对于座椅底部36固定。径向弹簧88可以连接到可旋转构件62和座椅靠背38并且被偏置以使座椅靠背38相对于座椅底部36向前倾斜。因此,例如当可倾斜构件64与可旋转构件62间隔开时,倾斜机构60处于可调节状态时,座椅靠背38倾向于向前倾斜,但可抵抗径向弹簧88的力而被推动至乘客期望的位置。可选地,如已知的那样,倾斜机构60可以是用于倾斜座椅靠背38的另一机构。
继续参照图10和图11,纵长构件42可以联接到倾斜机构60并且用作用于控制倾斜机构60的杠杆。例如,可滑动构件64可以联接到纵长构件42上与枢轴54间隔开的连接点66。因此,纵长构件42的旋转使可滑动构件64移动。纵长构件42可在如图10所示的第一位置和如图11所示的第二位置之间旋转,在第一位置中倾斜器机构60处于固定状态,在第二位置中倾斜机构60处于可调节状态。因此,纵长构件42可由乘客用作杠杆,使得倾斜机构60在可调节和固定状态之间切换。连接点66相对于纵长构件42可以是脆弱的,也就是说,施加到纵长构件42的给定的力将在纵长构件42由于例如压裂或塑性变形失效之前由于例如分离而导致连接点66失效。
参考图1和图12,座椅组件32可以包括安全带68。安全带68可以包括插扣70和带子72,带子72包括可以与插扣70接合的夹子74。座椅安全带68可以是三点式安全带,这意味着安全带72在被紧固时在乘客周围的三个点处被附接:锚定点76、卷收器78和插扣70。安全带68可以替代地包括另外的附接点布置。锚定点76将带子72的一端连接到座椅框架48。带子72的另一端进入卷收器78,卷收器78可以包括伸缩带子72的卷轴(未示出)。夹子74沿带子72自由滑动,并且当与插扣70接合时,将带子72分成腰部带和肩带。插扣70可以联接到座椅框架48。
参考图2、8和9,烟火装置44可以相对于座椅靠背38固定。例如,烟火装置44可以联接到座椅框架48,具体地,支撑座椅靠背38的座椅框架48。或者,如图12所示,烟火装置44可联接到座椅底部36。
烟火装置44可从准备状态发射到发射状态。烟火装置44可以是线性致动器。例如,烟火装置44可以包括活塞和通过电流(未示出)可点燃的烟火材料。当施加电流时,烟火装置44从准备状态变为发射状态,烟火材料点燃。烟火材料点燃产生的力使活塞移动。
继续参考图2、8和9,线46可展开地附接到烟火装置44。例如,线46可以联接到烟火装置44的活塞。相对于准备状态,线46在发射状态中可以缩回到烟火装置44中。换句话说,当烟火装置44发射时,烟火装置44牵拉和收回线46。
线46连接到纵长构件42。线46构造成使纵长构件42旋转到升起位置。线46附接到纵长构件42,使得烟火装置44的发射导致纵长构件42旋转到升起位置。例如,线46可以至少部分地围绕枢轴54延伸。当线46缩回时,线46拉动纵长构件42并且引起围绕枢轴54的力矩,该力矩倾向于旋转纵长构件42。其他使纵长构件42旋转到升起位置的附接布置是可能的。
线46可以能够传递拉伸力而不是收缩力;也就是说,线46可以能够拉动而不是推动。当乘客手动地将纵长构件42旋转到升起位置时,纵长构件42和烟火装置44之间的线46变松弛。如果当纵长构件42处于升起位置时烟火装置44发射,线46中的松弛被烟火装置44吸收,但纵长构件46保持在升起位置。当乘客手动地将纵长构件42旋转到落下位置时,线46中的松弛取出。
线46可以由使线46具有柔性并且相对于来自烟火装置44的力具有高拉伸强度的任何材料制成。例如,线46可以由编织钢丝形成。
参考图12,烟火装置44可以可展开地联接到安全带68,例如联接到插扣70。例如,线46联接到纵长构件42,并且第二线80可以是连接到线46和插扣70。或者,第二线80可以直接耦合到烟火装置44。当烟火装置44发射和缩回线46时,烟火装置44也可以缩回第二线80。因此,烟火装置44可以用作安全带68的预张紧器。
参照图13,车辆30可以包括碰撞传感器82。碰撞传感器82适于检测对车辆30的碰撞。碰撞传感器82可以是任何合适的类型,例如,接触后传感器,如加速度计、压力传感器和接触开关;以及雷达、激光雷达和视觉传感***等预撞击传感器。视觉***可以包括一个或多个摄像机、CCD(电荷耦合器件)图像传感器、CMOS(互补金属氧化物半导体)图像传感器等。碰撞传感器82可以位于车辆30中或车辆30上的许多点处。
车辆30可以包括控制模块84。控制模块84可以是基于微处理器的控制器。控制模块84可以包括处理器、存储器等。控制模块84的存储器可以包括用于存储处理器可执行的指令以及电子存储数据和/或数据库的存储器。控制模块84可以是约束控制模块,,并且除其他功能外可以与车辆30中的安全气囊(未示出)通信并且可以控制安全气囊(未示出)。
继续参照图13,控制模块84可以通过诸如控制器区域网络(CAN)总线、以太网、本地互联网络(LIN)和/或通过任何其他有线或无线通信网络的通信网络86来发送和接收信号。控制模块84可以通过通信网络86与碰撞传感器82和烟火装置44通信
控制模块84可以被编程为指示烟火装置44响应于侧面碰撞而发射。更具体地,控制模块84可以被编程为指示烟火装置44响应于与车辆30远离座椅34的一侧的侧面碰撞而发射。例如,对于位于车辆30左侧的座椅34,控制模块84被编程为当车辆30经历右侧的侧面碰撞时发射。可选地或另外地,控制模块84可以被编程为指示烟火装置44响应于车辆30的正面碰撞而发射。
在发生碰撞的情况下,碰撞传感器82可以检测碰撞并且通过通信网络86将信号传输到控制模块84。如果控制模块84确定撞击是对车辆30远离座椅34的侧面的侧面碰撞或正面碰撞,则控制模块84可以通过通信网络86将信号发送到烟火装置44。烟火装置44可以发射和使线46缩回。如果座椅组件32包括联接到插扣70的第二线80,发射的烟火装置44拉动第二线80和插扣70,围绕座椅34的乘客预张紧安全带68。烟火装置44缩回并施加张力到线46,这在纵长构件42上围绕枢轴54产生力矩。纵长构件42围绕枢轴54从落下位置或者从纵长构件42的当前位置旋转到升起位置。如果纵长构件42联接到倾斜机构60,则连接点66可能断裂。
如果碰撞是侧面碰撞,则侧面碰撞可能导致乘客相对于座椅34向内侧(即朝向车辆30的中心)具有侧向动量。处于升起位置的纵长构件42可能阻挡乘客侧向向内侧移动。具体而言,纵长构件42的内侧56阻止乘客的躯干侧向向内移动。纵长构件42可以通过防止乘客撞击车辆30内的其他物体(例如其他座椅、其他乘客等)而减少对座椅34的乘客的伤害
如果碰撞是正面碰撞,则碰撞可能导致乘客具有向前进入安全气囊(未示出)的动量。处于升起位置的纵长构件42可以阻止乘客侧向向内移动。纵长构件42因此可以防止或减少乘客从安全气囊上滑落。纵长构件42可以通过防止乘客撞击车辆30内的其它物体(诸如仪表板(未示出))而减少对乘客的伤害。
已经以说明性方式描述了本公开内容,并且应该理解的是,已经使用的术语旨在具有描述性文字的性质,而不是限制性的。鉴于上述教导,本公开的许多修改和变化是可能的,并且本公开可以以与具体实施方式不同的方式实施。
Claims (13)
1.一种座椅组件,包括:
座椅靠背;
由所述座椅靠背可旋转地支撑的纵长构件,所述纵长构件能够在平行于所述座椅靠背的落下位置和横向于所述座椅靠背的升起位置之间旋转;
相对于所述座椅靠背固定的烟火装置;和
连接到所述纵长构件并且可展开地附接到所述烟火装置的线,所述线被构造成基于所述烟火装置的发射而将所述纵长构件旋转到所述升起位置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的座椅组件,还包括将所述纵长构件连接到所述座椅靠背的枢轴,其中所述线至少部分地围绕所述枢轴延伸。
3.根据权利要求1所述的座椅组件,其中所述纵长构件相对于所述座椅靠背可手动旋转。
4.根据权利要求1所述的座椅组件,其中所述烟火装置可从准备状态发射到发射状态。
5.根据权利要求4所述的座椅组件,其中所述线相对于所述准备状态在所述发射状态下缩回到所述烟火装置中。
6.根据权利要求1所述的座椅组件,还包括安全带,其中所述烟火装置可展开地联接到所述安全带。
7.根据权利要求6所述的座椅组件,其中所述安全带包括插扣和带子,所述带子包括可与所述插扣接合的夹子,并且所述烟火装置可展开地联接到所述插扣。
8.根据权利要求1所述的座椅组件,其中所述纵长构件被可旋转地支撑在所述座椅靠背的一侧上,并且所述纵长构件具有面向所述座椅靠背的内侧,并且所述内侧被填充。
9.根据权利要求1所述的座椅组件,还包括支撑所述座椅靠背的座椅框架,其中所述烟火装置联接到所述座椅框架。
10.根据权利要求1所述的座椅组件,还包括支撑所述座椅靠背的座椅框架和由所述座椅框架支撑的座椅底部,其中所述座椅靠背包括倾斜机构,所述倾斜机构可在所述座椅靠背可相对于所述座椅底部移动的可调节状态和所述座椅靠背相对于所述座椅底部固定的固定状态之间切换。
11.根据权利要求10所述的座椅组件,其中所述纵长构件联接到所述倾斜机构。
12.根据权利要求11所述的座椅组件,其中所述纵长构件能够在所述倾斜机构处于所述固定状态的第一位置和所述倾斜机构处于所述可调节状态的第二位置之间旋转。
13.根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的座椅组件,还包括控制模块,所述控制模块与所述烟火装置通信并被编程为响应于车辆侧面碰撞而指示所述烟火装置发射。
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2017
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2018
- 2018-01-16 CN CN201810038886.7A patent/CN108340820B/zh active Active
- 2018-01-18 MX MX2018000771A patent/MX2018000771A/es unknown
- 2018-01-19 DE DE102018101223.3A patent/DE102018101223A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-01-22 GB GB1800984.5A patent/GB2561278A/en not_active Withdrawn
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CN101171151A (zh) * | 2005-05-11 | 2008-04-30 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 车辆扶手 |
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GB2561278A (en) | 2018-10-10 |
US20180208084A1 (en) | 2018-07-26 |
CN108340820A (zh) | 2018-07-31 |
US10035441B1 (en) | 2018-07-31 |
RU2017143392A (ru) | 2019-06-13 |
GB201800984D0 (en) | 2018-03-07 |
DE102018101223A1 (de) | 2018-07-26 |
RU2693602C2 (ru) | 2019-07-03 |
MX2018000771A (es) | 2018-11-09 |
RU2017143392A3 (zh) | 2019-06-13 |
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