CN108330238B - A method of utilizing the smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace of superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast - Google Patents
A method of utilizing the smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace of superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast Download PDFInfo
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
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- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
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Abstract
The present invention relates to v-bearing titanomagnetite smelting technical fields, provide a kind of method of smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace using superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast, oxygen content in blast-furnace hot-air is increased to 26 ~ 41% levels, corresponding air blast oxygen enrichment percentage is 5 ~ 20%, improves coal dust in the combustion rate of inlet front end;Promote gas reduction gesture;Optimize reduction, soft heat, drippage and slagging process of the vanadium titano-magnetite inside blast furnace, improves blast furnace permeability, ensure the stable smooth operation of blast fumance;Solve the problems, such as that blast furnace technology smelts the coal faced during vanadium titano-magnetite than low, energy consumption is high, clinker is sticky, poor air permeability and strengthening smelting are difficult.The present invention is used into blast-furnace hot-air additionally with addition of high-concentration oxygen, improves the oxygen content in hot wind, coal ejection ratio can be improved, reduce coke ratio, reduce blast furnace ironmaking energy consumption, improve rate of driving, stablize blast fumance, reduce vanadium titano-magnetite blast furnace process cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to v-bearing titanomagnetite smelting technical field, in particular to a kind of blast furnace smelting using superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast
The method for refining vanadium titano-magnetite.
Background technique
During smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace, when the proportion increase of vanadium titano-magnetite makes TiO2 content raising in clinker
Easily there is clinker thickening, blast furnace permeability is deteriorated, and coal ratio is difficult to improve, and energy consumption is high, and intensification of smelting process in BF is difficult to realize.
To find out its cause, Performance of Slag is deteriorated, the raising of blast furnace pressure difference mainly crosses reduction with titanium oxide in slag and generates high-melting-point object phase carbon
Titanium nitride is related.Under normal conditions, iron loss can be reduced by reducing titanium oxide content in slag with addition of the common mine in part, but in common mine
It is unfavorable with reduction pig iron cost is compared that common mine is improved in the higher situation of valence, and will affect vanadium extraction by converter blowing with addition of common mine, no
Conducive to the comprehensive utilization of schreyerite.From actual production angle, inhibit titanium oxide in slag by adjusting operating parameter
Reduction is crossed to reduce the generation of titanium carbonitride, improves blast furnace permeability, rate of driving is promoted, for traditional blast furnace ironmaking process
Economical and efficient smelts vanadium titano-magnetite and is of great significance.
It is existing smelt vanadium titano-magnetite blast furnace air is not oxygen-enriched or low oxygen enrichment percentage, have in air blast 75 ~ 79% for nitrogen,
So that for CO+H2 content less than 40%, the coal gas of low reduction potential is unfavorable for vanadium titano-magnetite in shaft, furnace bosh in blast-furnace shaft coal gas
The quick reduction in region, ore indirect reduction is underdeveloped, causes in high-temperature area furnace charge that there are a large amount of FeO.FeO is in high temperature
Region direct-reduction needs to consume a large amount of C, causes coke melting loss amount big, and elevated temperature strength reduces, and influences the gas permeability of furnace charge simultaneously
Also increase blast furnace coke ratio;The presence of high FeO first slag reduces the softening of furnace charge, melting drippage temperature, makes blast furnace melting with soft
Thickness increases, and furnace charge air permeability is caused to be deteriorated, and pressure difference increases, and is unfavorable for improving smelting strength of blast furnace.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of blast furnace smelting using superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast
The method for refining vanadium titano-magnetite is contained under the premise of not doing big change to current high furnace main body using the oxygen improved in air blast
Amount improves coal ejection ratio, reduces coke ratio, reduces ton iron gas volume, improves permeability of stock column, so that reaching reduces energy consumption, strengthens vanadium
The purpose of titanomagnetite rate of driving, solve blast furnace technology smelt during vanadium titano-magnetite the coal that faces than low, energy consumption is high,
Clinker is sticky, poor air permeability and strengthening smelting difficulty problem.
A kind of method of the smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace using superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast of the present invention, comprising: super using blast furnace
High oxygen-enriched air blast improves coal ejection ratio;Promote gas reduction gesture;Tuyere Raceway is adjusted by control coal ejection ratio and blast humidity
Ignition temperature;This method can promote vanadium titano-magnetite indirect reduction, improve ore melt-dropping property, inhibit T in slag ironiN/TiC's
It generates, reduces ton iron gas volume, improves blast furnace permeability;
Further, the raising coal ejection ratio, specifically:, additionally with addition of high-concentration oxygen, make using into blast-furnace hot-air
Hot wind oxygen enrichment percentage reaches 5 ~ 20%, promotes coal dust in Tuyere Raceway efficient burning using high-concentration oxygen, improves coal dust in furnace
Efficiency of combustion and utilization rate, smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace Coal Injection Amount into BF increases to by 100 current ~ 130kg/tHM
140 ~ 250kg/tHM, while coke ratio is reduced to 300 ~ 400kg/tHM.
Further, the promotion gas reduction gesture, specifically: CO+H in blast furnace gas2Content increases to 45 ~ 65%, N2
Content be reduced to 35 ~ 55% (compared to CO+H2 content in more traditional not oxygen-enriched hot air blast furnace air outlet raceway zone coal gas 35 ~
40%, N2 content are after 60 ~ 65%, the oxygen-enriched operation of superelevation, and gas reduction gesture is promoted obvious in furnace);
Further, the vanadium titano-magnetite is vanadium-titanium magnitite sinter, pellet or lump ore;Blast furnace ironmaking is with energy medium master
It to be coke, coal dust and oxygen;Ton iron coal injection amount is 140 ~ 230kg/tHM, and coke dosage is 310~390kg/tHM, is disappeared
Oxygen consumption tolerance is 50 ~ 140m3/tHM.
Further, air blast oxygen adding manner are as follows:
When oxygen enrichment percentage is lower than 10%, cold air duct is added in normal temperature high voltage oxygen after depressurizing, then laggard through hot wind stove heating
Enter blast furnace;
When oxygen enrichment percentage is greater than 10%, for guarantee oxygen safety, more than 10% oxygen enrichment percentage amount of oxygen through air port belly pipe by
Oxygen coal gun blowing enters blast furnace.
Further, the pressure of the normal temperature high voltage oxygen is 1.6MP, is 0.6MP after decompression.
Further, the control of the ton iron coal injection amount specifically:
When oxygen enrichment percentage≤10%, coal injection, which is directly blown by coal rifle through air port belly pipe, to be entered In Raceway Before Tuyere of Blast Furnace and fires
It burns, coal ejection ratio is controlled in 140 ~ 170kg/tHM;
When oxygen enrichment percentage > 10%, coal injection is blown by oxygen coal gun, and coal ejection ratio is controlled in 170 ~ 230kg/tHM.
Further, the ignition temperature of the adjustment Tuyere Raceway, specifically: pass through regulation under the conditions of different oxygen-enriched rate
Coal ejection ratio and blast humidity are regulated and controled, adjusted with coal ejection ratio based on, supplemented by blast humidity adjustment;To guarantee coal injection in wind
The efficient burning of mouthful raceway zone under the conditions of same oxygen enrichment percentage, maintains constant blast humidity, Tuyere Raceway Theoretical combustion is stablized
In 2200 ~ 2300 DEG C of ranges.
Further, the blast humidity adjustment, specifically: vapor is added on cold air duct and carries out air blast humidification amount
Control, blast humidity is adjusted according to the working of a furnace under the conditions of different oxygen-enriched rate, and blast humidity is kept under the conditions of same oxygen enrichment percentage
It is constant, enter furnace blast humidity level to stablize, simultaneously adjust automatically humidification amount is big using automatic humidity detector test blast humidity
It is small.
Further, blast furnace gas carries out hot wind through dust pelletizing system purified treatment, a part of blast furnace coal pneumatic transmission to hot-blast stove
Furnace combustion heating, residual gas are incorporated to gaspipe network and send to power plant power generation.Calorific value of gas increases after oxygen-enriched air blast, ton iron institute
Required airflow is reduced, and the gas volume for the consumption of hot wind stove heating is reduced, and gas volume and calorific value of gas of the output for power generation increase,
Blast furnace process ton iron generated energy increases.
The invention has the benefit that
1, superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast promotes the conflagration of coal dust using high concentration oxygen, and coal dust can be improved and return in blast-furnace tuyere
The efficiency of combustion for revolving area, can be improved utilization rate of the coal dust in furnace, is conducive to promote coal ejection ratio, plays and substitute coke with coal dust
Charcoal reduces the purpose of fuel cost;
2, the ton iron blow rate required is reduced, and is smelted ton iron gas flowrate in bosh and is reduced, and coal gas is reduced by blast furnace stock column resistance damage, blast furnace
Pressure difference relationship is improved, and the reinforcing for smelting vanadium titano-magnetite blast furnace process is conducive to;
3, CO and H in coal gas2Partial pressure is higher, promotes the indirect reduction of schreyerite, improves the high temperature molten drop of ore
Can, melting loss amount caused by cohesive zone position moves down, and soft heat tape thickness is thinning, while coke is reduced directly is reduced, and ensure that coke
Elevated temperature strength, improve bottom house breathe freely liquid permeability;
4, superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast smelting strength of blast furnace increase, furnace charge residing time in furnace reduce, while in coal gas CO and
H2Partial pressure, which increases, inhibits the alloying elements such as Si, Ti, K, Na in cupola well to restore, and reduces the production quantity of TiN/TiC, improves furnace
Slag mobile performance reduces its harm to blast furnace process;
5, superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast blast fumance efficiency increases substantially, and technical-economic index is improved, blast furnace process mistake
Journey is optimized, and efficiency improves, and the capacity factor of a blast furnace improves 25% or more.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 show superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace flow diagram (oxygen enrichment percentage of the embodiment of the present invention
≤ 10%).
Fig. 2 show superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace flow diagram (oxygen enrichment percentage of the embodiment of the present invention
> 10%).
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific attached drawing the present invention is described in detail specific embodiment.It should be noted that in following embodiments
The combination of the technical characteristic or technical characteristic of description is not construed as isolated, they can be combined with each other to reaching
To superior technique effect.In the drawings of the following embodiments, the identical label that each attached drawing occurs represent identical feature or
Person's component, can be apply to different embodiments.
The principle of the present invention is as follows: oxygen content in blast-furnace hot-air is increased to 26 ~ 41% levels, corresponding air blast oxygen enrichment percentage
It is 5 ~ 20%, coal dust can be improved in the combustion rate of inlet front end;Promote gas reduction gesture, CO+H in blast furnace gas2Content increases to
45 ~ 65%, N2Content is reduced to 35 ~ 55%, compared to CO+H2 in more traditional not oxygen-enriched hot air blast furnace air outlet raceway zone coal gas
Content is in 35 ~ 40%, N2 content after 60 ~ 65%, the oxygen-enriched operation of superelevation, and gas reduction gesture is promoted obvious in furnace;Gas reduction
The promotion of gesture promotes CO and H2 in coal gas to react with the gas-solid indirect reduction of vanadium titano-magnetite, reduces blast furnace Direct reduction degree, into
And reduce blast furnace process energy consumption;The increase of the indirect reduction of vanadium titano-magnetite can reduce vanadium titano-magnetite in 1200 ~ 1400 DEG C of temperature
FeO content in section is spent, ore melt starting temperature and drippage temperature is improved, reduces the melting zone temperature of schreyerite, it is maximum
Pressure difference reduces, and improves its melt-dropping property;Meanwhile N2 content is reduced in coal gas, CO+H2 content increases, and thermodynamically inhibits TiN/
The generation of TiC;Promote schreyerite reduction, the schreyerite duration of heat shortens, and kinetically also reduces the yield of TiN/TiC;
N2 content is reduced in coal gas, and Tuyere Raceway fuel combustion generates gas volume and reduces, and improves coal gas permeability, reduces smelting process
Blast furnace pressure difference provides condition for strengthening smelting.
Embodiment 1
Air blast oxygen enrichment percentage is 5%: in certain 2000m3Blast furnace on using 80% vanadium-titanium magnitite sinter, 15% vanadium-titanium pellet and
10% lump ore is as feed stock for blast furnace;Blast furnace is added by blast furnace roof material distributing equipment in coke, ore;Oxygen is by cold wind before air blower
Pipeline is directly blended into, and blasts blast furnace after heated stove heating;Coal injection enters blast furnace by belly pipe blowing through coal rifle;Slag iron is logical
Cross iron mouth discharge blast furnace;Stock gas by drying, dedusting rear portion use hot-blast stove carry out combustion heating, remainder into
Row is outer for power generation;Process is as shown in Figure 1, its production and technical indication is as follows:
Oxygen consumption: 51m3/tHM;
Coke ratio: 390kg/tHM;
Coal ratio: 137kg/tHM;
Blast humidity: 3.5%;
The blow rate required: 1024.1 m3/tHM;
Bosh gas composition: CO:40.5 %, H2: 6.3%, N2: 53.2%;
Gas flowrate in bosh: 1378.7 m3/tHM;
Furnace top underlining: 62.7;
Theoretical temperature combustion: 2170 DEG C;
Stock gas composition (dry): CO:24.8%, H2: 3.5%, CO2: 23.4%, N2: 48.3%.;
Furnace top coal quantity: 1520.1m3/tHM;
Usage factor: 2.32t/ (m3D), usage factor improves 18%.
Embodiment 2
Air blast oxygen enrichment percentage is 10%: for implementation steps such as implementation column 1, production and technical indication is as follows:
Oxygen consumption: 88m3/tHM;
Coke ratio: 360kg/tHM;
Coal ratio: 169kg/tHM;
Blast humidity: 4.8%;
The blow rate required: 880.1 m3/tHM;
Bosh gas composition: CO:45.5 %, H2: 8.4%, N2: 46.1%;
Gas flowrate in bosh: 1258.51 m3/tHM;
Furnace top underlining: 63.17;
Theoretical temperature combustion: 2218 DEG C;
Stock gas composition (dry): CO:26.8%, H2: 4.6%, CO2: 26.3%, N2: 42.2%;
Furnace top coal quantity: 1376.5m3/tHM;
Usage factor: 2.56t/ (m3D), usage factor improves 30%.
Embodiment 3
Air blast oxygen enrichment percentage is 15%: in certain 1000m3Blast furnace on using 80% vanadium-titanium magnitite sinter, 15% vanadium-titanium pellet and
For 10% lump ore as feed stock for blast furnace, coke, ore have blast furnace roof material distributing equipment that blast furnace is added;The amount of oxygen of oxygen enrichment percentage 10% by
Cold air duct is directly blended into before air blower, and blast furnace is blasted after heated stove heating, and the oxygen enrichment percentage of residue 5% passes through oxygen coal gun equipment
Blast blast furnace;Coal injection enters blast furnace through belly pipe blowing by oxygen coal gun;Slag iron excludes blast furnace by iron mouth;Stock gas warp
It crosses drying, dedusting rear portion and uses hot-blast stove progress combustion heating, remainder carries out outer for power generation;Process as shown in Fig. 2,
Its production and technical indication is as follows:
Oxygen consumption: 113.3m3/ tHM, wherein the amount of oxygen Jing Guo hot wind stove heating is 78.1 m3/ tHM, through peroxide
The amount of oxygen of coal rifle is 35.2 m3/tHM;
Oxygen consumption: 51m3/tHM;
Coke ratio: 340kg/tHM;
Coal ratio: 193kg/tHM;
Blast humidity: 6.5%;
The blow rate required: 781.4 m3/tHM;
Bosh gas composition: CO:49.9 %, H2: 10.4%, N2: 39.7%;
Gas flowrate in bosh: 1182.4 m3/tHM;
Furnace top underlining: 62.8;
Theoretical temperature combustion: 2244 DEG C;
Stock gas composition (dry): CO:28.7%, H2: 5.7%, CO2: 28.8%, N2: 36.8%;
Furnace top coal quantity: 1279.1m3/tHM;
Usage factor: 2.71t/ (m3D), usage factor improves 37%.
Embodiment 4
Air blast oxygen enrichment percentage is 20%: for implementation steps such as implementation column 3, difference is the oxygen-enriched increase by oxygen coal gun,
Blast furnace is added by oxygen coal gun in the amount of oxygen of 10% oxygen enrichment percentage, and production and technical indication is as follows:
Oxygen consumption: 134.8m3/tHM, wherein the amount of oxygen Jing Guo hot wind stove heating is 70.9 m3/tHM, through peroxide
The amount of oxygen of coal rifle is 63.9 m3/tHM;
Oxygen consumption: 51m3/tHM;
Coke ratio: 310kg/tHM;
Coal ratio: 228kg/tHM;
Blast humidity: 8.3%;
The blow rate required: 709.5 m3/tHM;
Bosh gas composition: CO:53.4 %, H2:12.7%, N2:33.9%;
Gas flowrate in bosh: 1138.2 m3/tHM;
Furnace top underlining: 62.7;
Theoretical temperature combustion: 2219 DEG C;
Stock gas composition (dry): CO:30.3%, H2:7.0%, CO2:308%, N2:32.0%;
Furnace top coal quantity: 1210.7m3/tHM;
Usage factor: 2.81t/ (m3d), usage factor improve 43%.
After the present invention uses superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast, high oxygen concentration promotes coal dust in the conflagration of inlet front end, mentions
The reduction potential of high coal gas promotes furnace charge indirect reduction, reduces Direct reduction degree, optimizes the soft melting dropping performance of furnace charge, drop simultaneously
Low ton iron gas volume to the gas permeability for improving furnace charge and improves rate of driving and has positive effect.Using side of the present invention
Method, which smelts vanadium titano-magnetite, has the characteristics that coal ejection ratio is high, low energy consumption, rate of driving is high.
Superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace method of the present invention, does not change existing blast furnace ontology,
When oxygen enrichment percentage≤10%, by optimizing blast furnace process control parameter, by adjusting oxygen enrichment percentage, coal ejection ratio and blast humidity, wind is controlled
Mouth race way theoretical temperature combustion improves blast furnace pressure difference relationship by adjusting blow rate required adjusting and optimizing smelting strength of blast furnace, promotes
Furnace condition anterograde achievees the purpose that improve coal ejection ratio, reduces fuel consumption, promotes rate of driving and reduce production cost.Oxygen enrichment percentage
When greater than 10%, the amount of oxygen more than oxygen enrichment percentage 10% enters blast furnace by oxygen coal gun, regulates and controls wind in Optimized Coal Blending ratio, blast humidity
It needs to adjust by upper blast furnace cloth while mouth front end theoretical temperature combustion, controls the distribution of Gas Flow in furnace.Oxygen enrichment percentage
When more than 20%, blast furnace ironmaking process gas volume is greatly lowered, and causes blast furnace ironmaking process Tuyere Raceway theoretical temperature combustion
Excessively high, coal gas is carried to the shortage of heat of upper blast furnace, causes " upper cold and lower heat " problem in blast furnace ironmaking process.The present invention is suitable
For oxygen enrichment percentage in the 20% oxygen-enriched smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace iron-smelting process of superelevation below.
Although several embodiments of the present invention are had been presented for herein, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that In
Without departing from the spirit of the invention, the embodiments herein can be changed.Above-described embodiment is only exemplary, no
It should be using the embodiments herein as the restriction of interest field of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method of the smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace using superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast, which is characterized in that this method comprises: benefit
Coal ejection ratio is improved with blast furnace superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast;Promote gas reduction gesture;Wind is adjusted by control coal ejection ratio and blast humidity
The ignition temperature of mouth raceway zone, Tuyere Raceway theoretical temperature combustion are stablized in 2200~2300 DEG C of ranges;This method can promote
Vanadium titano-magnetite indirect reduction improves ore melt-dropping property, inhibits the generation of TiN/TiC in slag iron, reduce ton iron gas volume, change
Kind blast furnace permeability;The raising coal ejection ratio, specifically: it is described using, additionally with addition of high-concentration oxygen, making into blast-furnace hot-air
Oxygen content is increased to 26~41% in blast-furnace hot-air, and air blast oxygen enrichment percentage reaches 15~20%, promotes coal using high-concentration oxygen
Powder improves efficiency of combustion and utilization rate of the coal dust in furnace in Tuyere Raceway efficient burning, and the capacity factor of a blast furnace improves 30%
More than, smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace Coal Injection Amount into BF increases to 140~250kg/tHM by 100~130kg/tHM, drops simultaneously
Low coke ratio is to 300~360kg/tHM;Air blast oxygen adding manner are as follows: be normal temperature high voltage oxygen lower than the amount of oxygen of 10% oxygen enrichment percentage
Cold air duct is added in gas after depressurizing, then enters blast furnace after hot wind stove heating;It is safe for guarantee oxygen, more than 10% oxygen enrichment percentage
Amount of oxygen through air port belly pipe by oxygen coal gun blowing enter blast furnace;The blast humidity adjustment, specifically: on cold air duct
The control that vapor carries out air blast humidification amount is added, blast humidity is adjusted according to the working of a furnace under the conditions of different oxygen-enriched rate, same
Blast humidity is kept constant under the conditions of oxygen enrichment percentage.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the promotion gas reduction gesture, specifically: CO in blast furnace gas
+H2Content increases to 45~65%, N2Content is reduced to 35~55%.
3. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the vanadium titano-magnetite is vanadium-titanium magnitite sinter, pellet or block
Mine;Blast furnace ironmaking is coke, coal dust and oxygen with energy medium;Ton iron coal injection amount is 140~230kg/tHM, consumes oxygen
Tolerance is 50~140m3/tHM。
4. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the pressure of the normal temperature high voltage oxygen is 1.6MP, is after decompression
0.6MP。
5. method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the control of the ton iron coal injection amount specifically: injection coal
Powder is blown by oxygen coal gun, and coal ejection ratio is controlled in 170~230kg/tHM.
6. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the ignition temperature of the adjustment Tuyere Raceway, specifically: no
Regulated and controled under the conditions of oxygen enrichment percentage by regulation coal ejection ratio and blast humidity, adjusted with coal ejection ratio based on, blast humidity adjustment
Supplemented by;To guarantee coal injection in the efficient burning of Tuyere Raceway, under the conditions of same oxygen enrichment percentage, maintain constant air blast wet
Degree, Tuyere Raceway theoretical temperature combustion are stablized in 2200~2300 DEG C of ranges.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the blast humidity adjustment enters furnace blast humidity water to stablize
It is flat, utilize automatic humidity detector test blast humidity and adjust automatically humidification amount size.
8. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that blast furnace gas is through dust pelletizing system purified treatment, a part of blast furnace
Coal gas send to hot-blast stove and carries out Combustion of Hot Air Furnace heating, and residual gas is incorporated to gaspipe network and send to power plant power generation.
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