CN108299686A - 一种包布v带及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种包布V带的制备方法,将基布表面进行刻蚀,并且在基布表面接枝硅烷偶联剂,大大增强了基布与橡胶基体之间的相互作用力,防止在使用过程基布与橡胶基体之间的滑脱,减少了因为应力集中而导致的V带破裂。第二,采用PEN来改性玻璃纤维,由于PEN是一类侧链上具有腈基的高性能聚合物,使得改性后的玻璃纤维包布具有很高的耐热性、机械性能强度以及抗蠕变性能。第三,增粘剂的加入,使得纤维相与橡胶相间的相互作用了增强,提高其机械性能。因此,本发明制备的包布V带及其制备方法,强度高、拉伸性能好、耐老化性能优异。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及材料成型加工技术领域,尤其涉及一种包布V带及其制备方法。
背景技术
包布V带是一种广泛用于机械传送、工业使用的传送带,其底层胶主要由天然橡胶、丁苯橡胶等混合胶混炼硫化而成,在硫化过程中,会在胶体中添加部分帆布、聚酯纤维等,从而提高其机械性能,但是由于橡胶本身的缺陷,其使用强度较低,产品易产生凹陷,在使用过程中容易变形,且耐疲劳性能差,由于纤维的加入,其与胶片的配伍不合理,常常会导致纤维与胶片滑脱偏移,使得胶带受力不均,最终导致破裂,造成不可估量的损失。
现有技术中,包装V带及其制备方法得到了广泛的报道,例如,申请号为201310047304.9的中国专利文献报道了一种包布V带及其制备方法,属于机械传动设备及材料技术领域,该包布V带包括芯层和包覆在芯层外表面的包布层,所述芯层由底部至顶部依次包括由纤维胶片制成的底胶层、粘胶层、聚酯硬线绳和缓冲胶层,所述纤维胶片包括天然橡胶、丁苯橡胶、氯丁橡胶和再生胶、防老剂、硬脂酸、氧化镁、炭黑、软化剂、短纤维、氧化锌、填料和促进剂。
随着纤维增强复合材料的研究进步,其工业运用技术已经趋于成熟,包装V带中添加纤维增强复合材料会大大提高V带的使用强度,增强其与橡胶基体之间的相互作用。本发明人考虑,提供一种强度高、拉伸性能好、耐老化性能优异的包布V带及其制备方法。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种包布V带及其制备方法,强度高、拉伸性能好、耐老化性能优异。
为达到以上目的,本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种包布V带的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将聚芳醚腈置于二甲基甲酰胺中,加入氯化锌,于60-80℃下搅拌,得到固含量为15-30%的PEN溶液,均匀涂覆在玻璃纤维布上,烘干得到改性后的包布;将超高分子量聚乙烯纤维浸泡在30%的氢氧化钠溶液中40-60h,清洗,得到刻蚀后的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维;将刻蚀后的超高分子量聚乙烯加入至乙醇溶液中,加入硅烷偶联剂,加热搅拌30-60min,烘干,得到改性后的基布;将橡胶基体、改性后的基布与增粘剂在混炼机中混炼15-20min,加入硫化剂、活化剂、微晶纤维素、促进剂,放置3-5h,得到生胶;将所述生胶用改性后的包布包覆,切割成V带样后硫化30-45min,得到包布V带。
优选的,所述橡胶基体为天然橡胶与丁苯橡胶的混合物。
优选的,所述天然橡胶与丁苯橡胶的质量比为3∶2。
优选的,所述活化剂为硬脂酸。
优选的,所述硫化剂为硫磺。
优选的,所述促进剂为二硫化四甲基秋兰姆。
优选的,所述硅烷偶联剂为γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷。
优选的,所述增粘剂为TKM-M与RF-90的混合物。
优选的,所述TKM-M与RF-90的质量比为2∶1。
优选的,得到改性后的包布的步骤中,搅拌时间为2-3h。
本发明提供一种包布V带的制备方法,将基布表面进行刻蚀,并且在基布表面接枝了硅烷偶联剂,大大增强了基布与橡胶基体之间的相互作用力,防止在使用过程基布与橡胶基体之间的滑脱,减少了因为应力集中而导致的V带破裂。第二,采用PEN来改性玻璃纤维,由于PEN是一类侧链上具有腈基的高性能聚合物,使得改性后的玻璃纤维包布具有很高的耐热性、机械性能强度以及抗蠕变性能。第三,增粘剂的加入,使得纤维相与橡胶相间的相互作用了增强,提高其机械性能。因此,本发明制备的包布V带及其制备方法,强度高、拉伸性能好、耐老化性能优异。
具体实施方式
以下描述用于揭露本发明以使本领域技术人员能够实现本发明。以下描述中的优选实施例只作为举例,本领域技术人员可以想到其他显而易见的变型。
本发明提供一种包布V带的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将聚芳醚腈(PEN)置于二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中,加入氯化锌,于60-80℃下搅拌,得到固含量为15-30%的PEN溶液,均匀涂覆在玻璃纤维布上,烘干得到改性后的包布;将超高分子量聚乙烯纤维浸泡在30%的氢氧化钠溶液中40-60h,清洗,得到刻蚀后的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维;将刻蚀后的超高分子量聚乙烯加入至乙醇溶液中,加入硅烷偶联剂,加热搅拌30-60min,烘干,得到改性后的基布;将橡胶基体、改性后的基布与增粘剂在混炼机中混炼15-20min,加入硫化剂、活化剂、微晶纤维素(MCC)、促进剂,放置3-5h,得到生胶;将所述生胶用改性后的包布包覆,切割成V带样后硫化30-45min,得到包布V带。
作为优选方案,所述橡胶基体为天然橡胶与丁苯橡胶的混合物;所述橡胶基体为天然橡胶的质量比为3∶2;所述活化剂为硬脂酸;所述硫化剂为硫磺;所述促进剂为二硫化四甲基秋兰姆(TT);所述硅烷偶联剂为γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-560);所述增粘剂为TKM-M与RF-90的混合物,质量比优选为2∶1;得到改性后的包布的步骤中,搅拌时间为2-3h。超高分子量聚乙烯的分子量优选为150w以上,更优选为150-200W。
本发明将基布表面进行刻蚀,并且在基布表面接枝了硅烷偶联剂,大大增强了基布与橡胶基体之间的相互作用力,防止在使用过程基布与橡胶基体之间的滑脱,减少了因为应力集中而导致的V带破裂。
本发明采用的玻璃纤维布优选为PPTA纤维。PPTA作为一种高强度纤维,由于其特殊结构,纤维表面具有更多可反应的官能团,提高了PEN的接枝率,又由于价格低廉,在提高其与橡胶基体作用的同时,降低了成本。
本发明采用PEN来改性玻璃纤维,由于PEN是一类侧链上具有腈基的高性能聚合物,使得改性后的玻璃纤维包布具有很高的耐热性、机械性能强度以及抗蠕变性能。
增粘剂的加入,使得不同两相(纤维相与橡胶相)间的相互作用了增强,提高其机械性能。
本发明采用的微晶纤维是一种棒状几何结构的、具有高比表面积的天然结晶纤维素,代替白碳黑、碳黑等填充材料,具有环保、价格低廉、对机器磨损小等特点。
为了进一步理解本发明,下面结合实施例对本发明提供的技术方案进行详细说明,本发明的保护范围不受以下实施例的限制。
实施例1
称取10重量份的PEN置于DMF中,加入1重量份氯化锌,与60-80℃下搅拌2-3h,得到固含量为15-30%的PEN溶液,将所得溶液均匀涂覆在玻璃纤维布上,烘干得到改性后的包布。
将30重量份超高分子量聚乙烯纤维浸泡在30%的氢氧化钠溶液中40-60h后洗去碱液,得到刻蚀后的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维。
将刻蚀后的超高分子量聚乙烯加入到乙醇溶液中,加入1重量份硅烷偶联,加热搅拌30-60min,反应结束后烘干备用,得到改性后的基布。
将橡胶基体与改性后的基布与增粘剂在混炼机中混炼15-20min,加入2重量份硫化剂、5重量份活化剂、10重量份MCC与1重量份促进剂,得到生胶,将生胶放置3-5h后待硫化备用。
将生胶用改性后的包布包覆并切割成V带样后一同在硫化剂机硫化30-45min后得到成品。
检测其拉伸强度为35MPa、扯断伸长率为500%、老化后拉伸强度为33MPa。
实施例2
将称取15重量份的PEN到DMF中,加入1.5重量份氯化锌,与60-80℃下搅拌2-3h,得到固含量为15-30%的PEN溶液,将所得溶液均匀涂覆在玻璃纤维布上,烘干得到改性后的基布。
将40重量份超高分子量聚乙烯纤维浸泡在30%的氢氧化钠溶液中40-60h后洗去碱液,得到刻蚀后的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维。
将刻蚀后的超高分子量聚乙烯加入到乙醇溶液中,加入3重量份硅烷偶联,加热搅拌30-60min,反应结束后烘干备用,得到改性后的基布。
将橡胶基体与改性后的基布与增粘剂在混炼机中混炼15-20min,加入2重量份硫化剂、5重量份活化剂、10重量份MCC与1重量份促进剂,得到生胶,将生胶放置3-5h后待硫化备用。
将生胶用改性后的包布包覆并切割成V带样后一同在硫化剂机硫化30-45min后得到成品。
检测其拉伸强度为38MPa、扯断伸长率为550%、老化后拉伸强度为35MPa。
实施例3
将称取20重量份的PEN到DMF中,加入2重量份氯化锌,与60-80℃下搅拌2-3h,得到固含量为15-30%的PEN溶液,将所得溶液均匀涂覆在PPTA纤维布上,烘干得到改性后的包布。
将50重量份超高分子量聚乙烯纤维浸泡在30%的氢氧化钠溶液中40-60h后洗去碱液,得到刻蚀后的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维。
将刻蚀后的超高分子量聚乙烯加入到乙醇溶液中,加入5重量份硅烷偶联,加热搅拌30-60min,反应结束后烘干备用,得到改性后的基布。
将橡胶基体与改性后的基布与增粘剂在混炼机中混炼15-20min,加入2重量份硫化剂、5重量份活化剂、10重量份MCC与1重量份促进剂,得到生胶,将生胶放置3-5h后待硫化备用。
将生胶用改性后的包布包覆并切割成V带样后一同在硫化剂机硫化30-45min后得到成品。
检测其拉伸强度为38MPa、扯断伸长率为600%、老化后拉伸强度为37MPa。
采用与实施例1相同的制备方法,原料配比如表1所示,得到包布V带。对对比例制备的包布V带的性能进行检测,结果如表1所示。
表1本发明对比例采用的原料和性能检测结果
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明的范围内。本发明要求的保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等同物界定。
Claims (10)
1.一种包布V带的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
将聚芳醚腈置于二甲基甲酰胺中,加入氯化锌,于60-80℃下搅拌,得到固含量为15-30%的PEN溶液,均匀涂覆在玻璃纤维布上,烘干得到改性后的包布;
将超高分子量聚乙烯纤维浸泡在30%的氢氧化钠溶液中40-60h,清洗,得到刻蚀后的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维;
将刻蚀后的超高分子量聚乙烯加入至乙醇溶液中,加入硅烷偶联剂,加热搅拌30-60min,烘干,得到改性后的基布;
将橡胶基体、改性后的基布与增粘剂混炼15-20min,加入硫化剂、活化剂、微晶纤维素、促进剂,放置3-5h,得到生胶;
将所述生胶用改性后的包布包覆,切割成V带样后硫化30-45min,得到包布V带。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述橡胶基体为天然橡胶与丁苯橡胶的混合物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述天然橡胶与丁苯橡胶的质量比为3∶2。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述活化剂为硬脂酸。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述硫化剂为硫磺。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述促进剂为二硫化四甲基秋兰姆。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述硅烷偶联剂为γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷。
8.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述增粘剂为TKM-M与RF-90的混合物。
9.根据权利要求8所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述TKM-M与RF-90的质量比为2∶1。
10.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,得到改性后的包布的步骤中,搅拌时间为2-3h。
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