CN1082785C - Method for making plant cultivation bed - Google Patents
Method for making plant cultivation bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN1082785C CN1082785C CN95118642A CN95118642A CN1082785C CN 1082785 C CN1082785 C CN 1082785C CN 95118642 A CN95118642 A CN 95118642A CN 95118642 A CN95118642 A CN 95118642A CN 1082785 C CN1082785 C CN 1082785C
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Abstract
To prepare a plant-raising bed capable of saving complicated labors required for ploughing and tiling works, soil disinfection, etc., enabling continuous croppings, and useful for culturing flowers for cut flowers, etc., by putting a culture medium for culturing the crop on the center of a specific nonwoven fabric and subsequently forming a cylindrical culture bed therefrom. This method for producing a plant-raising bed 1 comprises spreading nonwoven fabrics on a field predetermined in the culture of a crop at a constant distance, loading a culture medium 3 for raising the crop on the center of each nonwoven fabric, collecting both the longitudinal side parts 2a, 2a of the nonwoven fabric at the center so as to wrap the culture medium 3, and subsequently connecting the collected side parts to each other to form a cylindrical culture bed in which the culture medium is contained. The nonwoven fabric is a thermoplastic one having a weight of 20-100g/m<2> , >=60% reflectance of visible light, is permeable with water vapor but impermeable with water and is not penetrable with the roots of agricultural crops.
Description
The present invention mainly is the floriculture of using at cut-flowers such as carnation, prairie gentian, violet stock violet, silk China pink, snapdragons, the vegetable growing aspect of tomato, cucumber, Hu Luobu, eggplant, green pepper, garden pea, Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf, caraway etc., a kind of always used soil cultivation reasonably summary, laborsavingization of making is provided, and can also can makes on should not the soil of farming the plant border of the cultivation industrialization of this class plant educate the manufacture method of furrow.
The cultivation of plants method all is applying flexibly based on productivity of land, on this basis, in order to improve the output of plant, various effort have been carried out, as build greenhouse, dim room, booth, covering is carried training with the facility of glass, film etc., covers the furrow face (mulch film) of open-air cultivation with plastic film as thin as a wafer, and soil is produced than cultivation condition more favourable under the open-air condition.
In order to utilize the energy regeneration force of labor in soil (soil) fully, neatly, since ancient times, human time of on the keeping and cultivate of land fertility, what not knowing to have dropped into.The grain of our acquisition we can say it is the crystallization of making great efforts by we ancestors entirely now, and promptly the fertility in soil obtains.
In order to promote the fertility in soil, started the manufacturing soil movement, though its importance is fully realized for people, but the required large amount of organic resource of the requisite heap barnyard manure of composting soil building is difficult to guarantee, even such resource has been arranged, make the ripe labour that need be a large amount of of heap barnyard manure, it is very difficult will implementing now.Present actual conditions are, Japan makes instant available mixing fertilizer by special enterprise as raw material from European and American countries import bog moss, cocoa husk, and the peasant buys behind this fertilizer to mix as medium with soil and uses.
Now, someone advocates with the nutrient fluid cultivation is the soilless culture at center, the nutrient solution of the pure nutrient fluid cultivation of existing tremendous development is regulated management in Northern Europe must meticulous management, conditioning equipment is arranged, the adjusting of temperature, water quality needs the fund of great number and the technology of height, so general being difficult to promoted.
Different therewith is, the soil utilizes the advantage of type agricultural to be: rotten planting in the soil and producing and the indispensable environment of plant growing that the existence of the various edaphons that coexist constitutes, carrying out regulating action dexterously, not utilizing this function is greatest loss.
Current, flower-grower, vegetable grower buy the fertile consumption of the mixing used and are the 10t/10 are, and this is sprinkling upon 10 ares of the earth's surfaces, mix in the dark soil of 12-15cm and use, and in this case, this mixings fertilizer is diluted to about 7-8% and uses.
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly mix fertile dilution factor and improve 2-5 doubly this, with soil do that medium also can cultivate plants expeditiously plant cultivation bed.
The invention provides a kind of plant cultivation bed manufacture method, it is characterized in that with weight per unit area be 20-100g/m
2Visible reflectance is more than 60%, air permeability is the thermoplastic resin system nonwoven of 10-200 second/100cc, this nonwoven can allow steam permeable, but water can not see through, the root of crops can not run through this nonwoven, this nonwoven is spread out with certain interval that is separated by on the ground in the cultivation reservation, put the medium of crop genetics then at the middle body of this nonwoven, then the both sides of this nonwoven longitudinal direction are rolled towards the centre, in this medium is wrapped in, these both sides are coupled together the tubular cultivating bed of bag medium in forming.
Nonwoven
The nonwoven that constitutes the tubular article of packing medium is that weight per unit area is 20-100g/m
2, visible reflectance is more than 60%, and air permeability is the thermoplastic resin system nonwoven of 10-200 second/100cc, and this nonwoven can allow steam permeable, but liquid such as water, solution can not see through, and the root of crops such as vegetables, flowers can not run through.
This nonwoven the inside is the light absorbing black of energy, the surface is catoptrical white of energy or silver color, the medial surface of contact medium is with the black side of nonwoven during with this nonwoven parcel medium, and lateral surface is with its white face, and the visible light transmissivity of used nonwoven is preferably below 10%.
The white face visible reflectance of nonwoven surface is more than 60%, and the temperature of cultivating in the furrow is just lower, the difficult high temperature that hinders the plant root extent of growth that is raised to.And ultraviolet reflectivity is also high, and alatae worm, southern yellow aphid are less sudden, viral disease obtained maximum supression.Black is made in the inside, and black layer absorbs light as best one can whereby, and the light of blocking directive medium makes unlikelyly between medium and the nonwoven medial surface to grow algae and weeds, promotes the growth of root simultaneously.
Make the raw-material thermoplastic resin of nonwoven, the copolymer of available polyethylene (particularly high density polyethylene (HDPE)), polyester, polypropylene, polyamide fibre etc. and these resins.These resins can be used alone, but also also mix together.Consider the most handy high density polyethylene (HDPE) from the angle of price and white performance.
Thickness to non-woven fabrics fiber has no particular limits, and still, in order to improve reflectivity, should make its fibrous refinement as far as possible, and common thickness degree is 0.1-10 μ m, and optimal thickness is below the 5 μ m.Thickness to nonwoven also has no particular limits, but considers from the angle of operability, to be advisable about 0.1-0.5mm.
In addition, the surface is the nonwoven of black light absorbed layer for white or silver color reflecting layer and the inside, can use-case such as the method manufacturing of following (a)-(e).
(a) the white nonwoven surface of making in the hurried spinning of high density polyethylene (HDPE) is printed with the black printing printing ink of black intaglio printing inks, hectographic printing printing ink, screen painting printing ink etc. comprehensively.
(b) will containing nonwoven that the hurried spinning of thermoplastic resin of nonwoven that the hurried spinning of thermoplastic resin of Chinese whites such as titanium oxide, barium sulfate, aluminium powder 3-15 weight % makes and 0.5-5 weight % carbon black makes, to stick with glue agent bonding.
(c) the black printing printing ink with black gravure printing ink, hectographic printing printing ink, screen painting printing ink etc. prints comprehensively inside the nonwoven of white or silver color.
(d) after intermediary's coating agent is coated on the surface of black nonwoven, spray with aluminium powder.
(e) behind the surperficial coated white coating or aluminium paint of black nonwoven, carry out drying.
Why the weight per unit area of nonwoven fixes on 20-100g/m
2Scope in, be because less than 20g/m
2The time, the undercapacity of satchel, reflectivity is also low simultaneously, as surpassing 100g/m
2, then there is not air permeability, cost is also high.The weight per unit area of nonwoven is preferably in 30-60g/m
2Scope in.
Why the surperficial luminous ray of nonwoven (wavelength 400-800nm) reflectivity fixes on more than 60%, is that ground temperature is difficult to remain on below the open-air soil temperature because less than 60% o'clock.Reflectivity is preferably 75-100%.Why air permeability (air permeability that JIS P8117 measures by Gu Laifa) fixes on 10-200 second/100cc, be because during less than 10 seconds/100cc, the undercapacity of nonwoven itself, also being difficult to keep high reflectance, also is in order to prevent that liquid fertilizer, moisture content, agrochemical liquid from flowing out from satchel simultaneously.As surpassing 200 seconds/100cc, then can reduce because of the exothermal effect that water evaporates obtains.Air permeability is preferably 20-100 second/100cc.In the ordinary course of things, the temperature that is fit to the root growth of crops is between 20-25 ℃, and the high temperature more than 30 ℃ can cause physiological disorder.
Medium
Medium can adopt leaf mould, cypress skin, Cortex Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae, bog moss, charcoal powder, rice hull carbon, algae, roasting carbuncle soil, deer natural pond volcanic ash soil etc., also they can be mixed use.Preferably sneak into fertilizer, insecticide, heat preserving agent in the medium.
Plant cultivation bed manufacturing
The manufacture method of plant cultivation bed (1) is, nonwoven (2) is spread out with certain interval that is separated by on the ground in the cultivation reservation, put medium (3) at the middle body of this nonwoven then and (see Fig. 1 (a), then both sides (2a), (2a) with this nonwoven longitudinal direction rolls towards the centre, above-mentioned medium (3) is wrapped in interior (seeing Fig. 1 (b)), and (seeing Fig. 1 (c)) again unites by a seam these both sides.
With the method same with the method for putting into medium, put into the simple and easy water-supply-pipe (5) of water spray simultaneously with aperture in the bottom, allowing medium, moistening equably the effect of distributing is very important for the moisture content of giving full play to nonwoven.The quality that the moisture content effect of distributing is brought into play is directly connected to the homeostasis of environment in the furrow of plant cultivation from now on.
In addition, because liquid can not see through nonwoven, nonwoven (2) can be with having offered the sort of product of the draining usefulness aperture (2b) of 3-10mm Φ at central portion shown in Fig. 1 (a).
In addition, in order not allow the root of crop from this aperture, stretch out, but can cover on the aperture with the nonwoven that permeable root can not run through again.
Have, aperture can not driveed in the bottom again, can aperture (2c) be opened in the position of leaving bottom 5-30mm in parcel medium (3).Like this, the hydropexis of irrigation is in the bottom, and superfluous water can flow out from aperture (2c).Adopt this mode can improve the availability of water.
As on the nonwoven (2) of this plant cultivation bed (1), pressing 0.01-1.0/cm
2Density to offer area be 0.5-50mm
2Aperture (2d) (2d) ... then moisture content distribute effect might be better more stable.
In addition, offer aperture (2d) (2d) ... another benefit be to have offered the cultivation furrow (1) of this aperture, can water from above, the fertilising etc.
Why the area of aperture is decided to be 0.5-50mm
2, be because less than 0.5mm
2The time, the moisture film that forms because of dew condensation surpasses 50mm easily with the aperture obturation
2, air permeability is excessive, and the effect that not only heats up reduces, and has many weeds and germinate and pass from the hole.Little hole area is 1-10mm preferably
2
Why the density of aperture is decided to be 0.01-1.0/cm
2, be because less than 0.01/cm
2The time, be difficult to be distributed uniformly effect, surpass 1.0/cm
2The time, the intensification effect diminishes, the processing difficulties of aperture, and the intensity of nonwoven descends.Density is preferably 0.05-0.2/cm
2The shape of aperture can be selected arbitrary shapes such as circle, ellipse, square, rectangle, hexagon.
Cultivation furrow provided by the invention have saved work such as loaded down with trivial details ploughing and weeding and soil disinfection, and the renewal of medium implements very convenient, make the continued operation of same operation, the agriculture production technologies such as utilization in soil that should not farming obtain new development.Also have, plant cultivation bed used cultivation, can also be taken out from cultivate furrow after plant cultivation finishes with medium, by piling up the utilization again of ripe again realization medium.
Fig. 1 is a plant cultivation bed manufacturing flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that cultivates plants with cultivation furrow of the present invention.
Enumerate an example of plant cultivation bed manufacturing engineering below.
(first) will cultivate the surface evening (or being made into certain gradient) in predetermined soil, according to the needs of raise crop, by certain furrow at interval, certain width, highly be ready to native furrow or seedbed.
The above-mentioned nonwoven (2) that (second) then will be processed into fabric width is 30-150cm, spool by certain-length spreads out on (first) determined position.At this moment, the white of nonwoven be faced down, black side up.
(the third) then, will cooperate fabric width that ready mixed culture medium (3) presses nonwoven with certain amount in advance, be placed on the middle body of nonwoven equably, simultaneously the two sides of nonwoven are mentioned, close up on middle position, medium is wrapped, fixed point is sewed up.Stitching can be used linear slit, also can use staple., plant in the medium just can insert from the interval with the seedling of plant as meeting the interval of plant planting at the interval that fixed point is sewed up.
The laying method of medium on nonwoven be, according to the needs of various different plants, by after the different good medium of culture medium prescription mixed preparing, is placed on and is squeezed into certain width, highly on the nonwoven, and fixed.Stack this medium the time, preferably simple and easy water-supply-pipe is laid together.
(fourth) unites by a seam the nonwoven at medium two ends at last and just made plant cultivation bed (1).
The breeding method of plant
Be arranged in a row in the booth that plastic film covers plant cultivation bed.To take out among the Miao Congbo with the pot for growing seedlings cultivation in advance, and fix a point at regular intervals to sew up the interval that forms from the cultivation furrow seedling is inserted, plants.Seed well after, manage by always used general cultivation management method, cultivate plant.
With plant cultivation bed situation about cultivating plants of the present invention as shown in Figure 2.
The Production Example of nonwoven
(Production Example)
1. make in the hurried spinning of high density polyethylene (HDPE), about 90%, the about 51g/m of weight per unit area of reflectivity
2, intaglio printing is carried out with black ink in the inside of the white nonwoven of the about 0.16mm of thickness, makes the about 52g/m of weight per unit area
2, lateral surface about 90%, the about 30 seconds/100cc/cm of air permeability of light reflectivity
2, light penetration about 3% the black and white nonwoven.
2. as a comparison, the surface made from ldpe resin, by the film shaped method of double-layer lamination is that white, the inside are the integrally formed film (thickness 25 μ m, do not have in fact gas permeability) of black.
(embodiment 1-2, comparative example 1)
With the above-mentioned nonwoven of not wearing sending-out hole (embodiment 1), wear the above-mentioned nonwoven (embodiment 2) of sending-out hole, relatively three kinds of materials of the black and white bilayer film of usefulness (comparative example 1) are made cladding material, be transported to nursery in the set plastic tunnel [adopting super sunlight film (ス-パ-ソ-ラ Off ィ Le system) (trade name of three families (body か ど) chemical company)] in the chemical company experimental farm, three families (body か ど) in former city, Chiba counties and cities on June 28th, 1994, after laying up with black side, as shown in Figure 1, portion puts the medium of following compositions in the central.
Latent algae (Network リ プ ト モ ス) L (military rural area skill system) 13 weight %
Latent algae (Network リ プ ト モ ス) S (the same) 13 weight %
Mix fertile (プ ラ ィ ミ Star Network ス) (Harold Sakata seed 50 weight %
The medium of (サ カ ) system)
Bog moss 24 weight % add up to: 100 weight %
After this, vertically its two ends are closed up towards central portion, its two ends are nailed on every 30cm, form the cultivation furrow that the outside is white, the high about 5cm of medium with stapler along cladding material.
In addition, (kind: Ji became (ョ Star Na リ) with cucumber on June 24th, 1994; ＂ buys from ＂ Harold Sakata seed) seed broadcasts in the germinating box, make its germination, the sprigging that cotyledon has been launched is in the pot for growing seedlings of 9cm Φ, carry out drip irrigation one hour to it every day, on July 17th, 1994 rice shoot bred planted in the medium from the gap of the staple of above-mentioned cultivation furrow on the same day.
Next, poured water 30 minutes every day, carry out the cultivation of cucumber with water-supply-pipe.
Do not wear the cultivation furrow of the black and white nonwoven (embodiment 1) of sending-out hole and receive cucumber since on August 9th, 1994, wear the cultivation furrow of the black and white nonwoven (embodiment 2) of sending-out hole and receive cucumber since on August 7th, 1994, in contrast to this, the cultivation furrow of the black and white bilayer film of comparative example 1 were received cucumber since on August 12nd, 1994.
Table 1 is cultivated application form
| Investigation individual (strain) | Plant long (cm) | The number of blade (piece) | Internode long (cm) | Obtain day at | ||
| Embodiment | ||||||
| 1 | Nonwoven of the present invention is cultivated furrow | 15 strains | 183 | 24 | 7.0 | August 9 |
| Embodiment 2 | Nonwoven of the present invention is cultivated furrow | 15 strains | 182 | 25 | 6.9 | August 7 |
| Comparative example 1 | The black and white bilayer film is cultivated furrow | 15 strains | 184 | 23 | 8.2 | August 12 |
Table 2 temperature measuring result (unit ℃)
Outer temperature hot house black and white nonwoven black and white nonwoven black and white bilayer film is measured temperature cultivation plot of land temperature cultivation plot of land temperature cultivation plot of land Wen Yue/the highest the highest minimum the highest minimum the highest minimum the highest minimum minimum 7/11-7/20 34.1 26.2 38.9 30.1 29.0 28.1 28.2 27.4 31.9 29.37/21-7/31 35.4 25.8 40.7 29.3 29.8 27.5 27.5 27.0 34.4 27.48/1-8/10 36.2 24.5 42.0 29.4 30.9 27.7 30.8 27.2 35.4 28.78/11-8/20 34.1 22.6 39.2 26.0 29.4 24.3 28.9 24.2 34.6 30.08/21-8/31 34.3 23.1 39.1 25.7 29.1 24.6 28.9 24.3 34.7 29.5 of day in the date thermometer screen
Investigation place: the old former 2,298 three family chemical company experimental farms of the profit well head of a household, former city, city
Analyzer: (the highest minimum geothermometer)
During this period, connect fine no rain for a long time, heat high temperature, the crops of the general peasant's plantation bacterial wilt that mostly occurs, the beans insect pest such as fly of diving has also taken place, and this is during heat, the experiment in cultivation that cucumber cultivation is very carried out under the harsh conditions.But the cultivating and growing of the embodiment of the invention 2 is also more smooth than anticipation, has avoided the generation of damage by disease and insect, just gathers in the crops since on August 7th, 1994.Yet the black and white bilayer film district (comparative example 1) of object then just gathered in the crops since August 12 as a comparison.
Its reason is that the ground temperature of cultivation furrow of the present invention is lower about 10 ℃ than the maximum air temperature in the booth, and superlatively temperature seldom surpasses 30 ℃.The ground temperature of cultivating furrow can be controlled to will be understood that it is very marvelous below 30 ℃ to temperature in causing the scope that maintains 25-30 ℃.
Claims (4)
1. a plant cultivation bed manufacture method is characterized in that with weight per unit area be 20-100g/m
2Visible reflectance is more than 60%, air permeability is the thermoplastic resin system nonwoven of 10-200 second/100cc, this nonwoven can allow steam permeable, but water can not see through, the root of crops can not run through this nonwoven, this nonwoven is spread out with certain interval that is separated by on the ground in the cultivation reservation, put the medium that crop genetics is used at the middle body of this nonwoven then, then the both sides of this nonwoven longitudinal direction are rolled towards the centre, in this medium is wrapped in, these both sides are coupled together the tubular cultivating bed of bag medium in forming.
2. plant cultivation bed manufacture method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that used nonwoven the inside is the light absorbing black of energy, the surface is catoptrical white of energy or silver color, the medial surface of the tubular cultivating bed black side of nonwoven, the visible light transmissivity of used nonwoven is below 10%.
3. plant cultivation bed manufacture method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the water-supply-pipe that setting uses for the drip irrigation and spray irrigation of crop genetics medium water supply on the crop genetics medium in plant cultivation bed.
4. plant cultivation bed manufacture method according to claim 3 is characterized in that offering the aperture that draining is used on the longitudinal direction of putting crop genetics medium part on the nonwoven before putting the medium that crop genetics uses.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP268111/94 | 1994-10-07 | ||
| JP26811194 | 1994-10-07 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1134779A CN1134779A (en) | 1996-11-06 |
| CN1082785C true CN1082785C (en) | 2002-04-17 |
Family
ID=17454048
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95118642A Expired - Fee Related CN1082785C (en) | 1994-10-07 | 1995-10-06 | Method for making plant cultivation bed |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1082785C (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2012321759B2 (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2016-08-25 | Mitsukawa & Co., Ltd | Vegetation bed, and method for cultivating plants |
| EP3886572A4 (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2022-08-17 | Just Greens, LLC | Soilless growth media for indoor agriculture |
| CN109952920A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-07-02 | 玉溪市农业科学院 | A kind of corn control root method for culturing and transplanting seedlings |
| CN112715317A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-30 | 威海长青海洋科技股份有限公司 | Seaweed source matrix brick and modular use method and application thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1984002827A1 (en) * | 1983-01-25 | 1984-08-02 | Dynamic International As | A growing container, in particular for tomato and cucumber plants |
| EP0369771A1 (en) * | 1988-11-15 | 1990-05-23 | Hollinee Corporation | Plant growth bed incorporating textile fibers |
| CN2082529U (en) * | 1990-11-29 | 1991-08-14 | 北京化工学院 | Container for cultivating plants |
| US5309673A (en) * | 1991-05-02 | 1994-05-10 | Blumen. Stender | Plant carrier |
-
1995
- 1995-10-06 CN CN95118642A patent/CN1082785C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1984002827A1 (en) * | 1983-01-25 | 1984-08-02 | Dynamic International As | A growing container, in particular for tomato and cucumber plants |
| EP0369771A1 (en) * | 1988-11-15 | 1990-05-23 | Hollinee Corporation | Plant growth bed incorporating textile fibers |
| CN2082529U (en) * | 1990-11-29 | 1991-08-14 | 北京化工学院 | Container for cultivating plants |
| US5309673A (en) * | 1991-05-02 | 1994-05-10 | Blumen. Stender | Plant carrier |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1134779A (en) | 1996-11-06 |
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