CN108276962A - A kind of efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant and its preparation and application - Google Patents
A kind of efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant and its preparation and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN108276962A CN108276962A CN201810022620.3A CN201810022620A CN108276962A CN 108276962 A CN108276962 A CN 108276962A CN 201810022620 A CN201810022620 A CN 201810022620A CN 108276962 A CN108276962 A CN 108276962A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant and its preparation and application, belong to environmental protection technical field.Above-mentioned efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant is made of following parts by weight of component：20 60 parts of mixed surfactant, 30 70 parts of moisture absorption wetting agent, 10 50 parts of water；Wherein, the mixed surfactant is the mixture of nonionic surfactant isomery fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and ionic liquid at room temperature surfactant；The moisture absorption wetting agent is the mixture of isomery alcohol, high-hygroscopicity ionic liquid.Efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant prepared by the present invention has ultra-low surface tension, the Novel moisturizing of durable wettability and permanent moisture absorbability and moisture retentivity, moist type dust suppressant, and dust suppression efficiency can be greatly improved, prevent airborne dust, meets energy conservation and environmental protection requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental protection technical fields, and in particular to a kind of efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant and its prepare and
Application method.
Background technology
Many activities of the mankind can all generate thin particulate matter or dust, and dust pollution occupies prodigious in atmosphere pollution
Proportion.For example, thermal power plant, heat supply factory, stope, stone pit, cement plant, building stones processing factory, non-ferrous metal and black gold
Belong to smeltery, textile mills, chemical plant, pitch factory etc. are all main dust production resources, construction site, outdoor bulk material stack field,
The airborne dust of exposed arid soil etc. is all very serious.Influence of the dust pollution to the mankind and environment is various, such as to artificial
At poisoning and stimulating, visibility is reduced, equipment attrition is caused to be corroded, caused damages to crops, grassland, livestock growth, to ring
Border influences also very prominent.After respirable dust enters human body by respiratory system, sensory stimuli can be formed or even caused permanent
Property poison, cause miner to suffer from pneumoconiosis, it is serious to damage miner's health.Expert calculation, China are direct caused by pneumoconiosis every year
Economic loss is up to more than 80 hundred million yuan.High concentration coal dust is also the major hidden danger of Safety of Coal Mine Production.When Dust Concentration 30~
2000g/m3Range will explode when encountering open fire.On November 27th, 2005 is happened at Heilongjiang Province's Qitaihe east wind coal
The especially big accident of mine disaster for causing 171 miner's death of mine, is exactly caused by coal-dust explosion.Therefore the improvement of dust is compeled
The eyebrows and eyelashes, studies dust prevention and control new theory and new technology is significant.
Common dust-suppression method has watering, builds dustless macadam pavement structure and uses chemical dust suppressant.Chemical dust suppressant
According to field of employment and the difference of effect, adhesive, flocculating agent and wetting agent three classes are generally can be divided into.Adhesive is usually used in soil property
Solid native, during material transportation the dust suppression on road surface, the core for cohering mechanism is that road surface is made to have enough intensity, is transported on road surface
The dynamic pressure of animal body, fricting shearing effect, condensation tensile failure, cannot be such that ground surface material structure is destroyed.Cohesion
Agent has the moisture and water retention absorbed in air, can be applied to the occasions such as road surface airborne dust, material transportation.The dust-proof machine of flocculating agent
The core of reason is to make the centralized particle diameter of pavement abrasion layer in d>80 mesh can be obtained, dust settling by Stokes formula
Speed is more than 0.1m/s.Wetting agent can improve the penetration of certain organic or inorganic chemical materials, be usually used in improving the suppression of water
Dirt efficiency.The core of wetting mechanism is the moisture (40%~10%) for making road surface remain certain, i.e., using moistening dust, makes
Soot density increases, and dust accelerates to decline, to inhibit the generation of road surface airborne dust.
Currently, widely used wetting agent has in the world：The card wave of Poland, Japanese P agent, Q agent, German nonionic
Wetting agent, English, Mei Deng states Dustally, M-R type wetting agent, the NDZEs wetting agents in the U.S. etc..China is from the 1980s
Start to promote wetting agent, domestic wetting agent mainly has the HJ-I of Ganzhou, the sDLY of Ministry of Water Resources and Power Industry, the sR-l in Shanxi, Beijing
The H-86 etc. in Fengtai, the disadvantage is that the scope of application very little of each wetting agent.
A kind of improvement dust moist type dust suppressant, composition packet are disclosed in 104312538 B of Chinese invention patent CN
Include 50%~70% alkylsulfonate, the blending surface activity of alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether composition
Agent, the humectant mixture of 10%~25% polyalcohol and cell alcohol composition, 1%~10% preservative, the dust suppressant are matched
After 500~800 times of aqueous solutions, surface tension has preferable anti-dust effect within 29mN/m.
Invention content
To solve the problems of the prior art, a kind of efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant of present invention offer and its preparation and making
With method, dust suppressant of the invention has many advantages, such as that wetting is fast, the sedimentation time is short, anti-dust effect is good.
In order to solve the above technical problems, present invention offer technical solution is as follows：
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant, is made of following parts by weight of component：Mixture table
Activating agent 20-60 parts of face, 30-70 parts of moisture absorption wetting agent, 10-50 parts of water；
Wherein, the mixed surfactant be nonionic surfactant isomery fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and room temperature from
The mixture of sub- liquid surfactant；
The moisture absorption wetting agent is the mixture of isomery alcohol, high-hygroscopicity ionic liquid.
Further, above-mentioned efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant, is made of following parts by weight of component：Mixed surfactant
50-60 parts, 20-50 parts of moisture absorption wetting agent, 10-50 parts of water.
Further, the mixed surfactant according to mass percent by following material composition：
Isomery fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 20%-80%
Ionic liquid at room temperature surfactant 20%-80%.
Further, the moisture absorption wetting agent according to mass percent by following material composition：
Isomery alcohol 20%-70%
Room temperature high-hygroscopicity ionic liquid 30%-80%.
Preferably, the isomery fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is heterogeneous ten alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isomery undecyl alcohol polyoxy second
Alkene ether, isomerous tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether it is one or more.
Further, the ionic liquid at room temperature surfactant be 1- cetyl -3- methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborates,
1- myristyl -3- methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborates, 1- dodecyl -3- methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate 1- octyl -3- methyl
Tetrafluoroborate；1- octyl -3- methylimidazoles hexafluorophosphate, 1- decyl -3- methylimidazoles hexafluorophosphate, 1- 12
Alkyl -3- methylimidazoles hexafluorophosphate, 1- myristyl -3- methylimidazoles hexafluorophosphate, 1- cetyl -3- methyl miaows
It is one or more in azoles hexafluorophosphate.
Preferably, the isomery alcohol is isobutanol, ten alcohol of isomery, isomery undecyl alcohol, one kind in isomerous tridecanol or more
Kind.
Preferably, the room temperature high-hygroscopicity ionic liquid is -3 methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate of 1- ethyls, 1- hexyls -3
In methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate, -3 methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate of 1- ethyls, -3 methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate of 1- hexyls
It is one or more.
Compared with prior art, moist type dust suppressant of the invention is unique in component selection, with isomery fat
Alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and ionic liquid at room temperature surfactant collective effect, are made of hydrophilic group and hydrophobic group.When being dissolved in water,
Molecule is surrounded by water molecules completely, and hydrophilic group one end is attracted by hydrone, and hydrophobic group one end, which is then ostracised, to be stretched in the air, is divided in this way
Son forms on aqueous solution surface and closely aligns layer (Interfacial Adsorption layer), and the surface molecules of water is made to be sent out with air contact condition
Changing, contact area are substantially reduced, and the surface tension of water is caused to reduce, and are had simultaneously towards between the hydrophobic group and dust of air
Suction-operated, and grit is brought into water so that dust is sufficiently humidified so as to.Moreover, the present invention is inhaled with isomery alcohol and room temperature height
Moist ionic liquid collective effect improves its moistening effect as moisture absorption wetting agent.The present invention uses ionic liquid surface-active
Agent and high-efficiency ionic liquid hygroscopic agent can keep hygroscopicity, the moisture retention on dust surface, and then improve the wind resistance of dust for a long time
Property.
Pass through ionic liquid at room temperature surfactant and nonionic surfactant compounding, high-hygroscopicity ionic liquid at room temperature
With a kind of novel guarantor with ultra-low surface tension, durable wettability and permanent moisture absorbability and moisture retentivity of isomery alcohol wetting agent compounding exploitation
Wet, moist type dust suppressant, can be greatly improved dust suppression efficiency, prevent airborne dust, meet energy conservation and environmental protection requirement.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant, claim in proportion
Mixed surfactant, moisture absorption wetting agent and water are taken, is put into blender and stirs evenly.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a kind of application methods of above-mentioned efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant, by the height
It is 1 that moisturizing moist type dust suppressant, which is imitated, with water quality ratio：500-800 is uniformly mixed, you can is used.
The present invention provides a kind of efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant and its preparation and application, have below beneficial to effect
Fruit：
1) present invention nonionic surfactant, anion surfactant and ionic liquid surfactant compounding first
The scope of application for dust type can be expanded, the surface of water can be greatly lowered in wherein ionic liquid surfactant
Power, while wellability is all had to all types of dust, the utilization of isomery alcohol and room temperature high-hygroscopicity ionic liquid can be auxiliary
Reduction surface tension is helped, and has the effect of the moisturizing that preferably absorbs water；
2) dust suppressant of the present invention is matched with water in the case of 500-800 times, its surface tension can be made to be reduced to 22mN/
M is hereinafter, this solution can quickly capture the dust of different-grain diameter, and dust suppressant dosage is few, and the dosage of water is few, efficient；
3) dust suppressant of the invention is matched with water in the case of 500-800 times, can quickly infiltrate dust, 200 mesh powder
Coal sedimentation time in the dust suppressant aqueous solution of the present invention is less than 5s；
4) dust suppressant of the invention is matched with water in the case of 500-800 times, and the water droplet of dust suppressant aqueous solution is in 200 mesh
Fine coal static contact angle is less than 5 °.
Specific implementation mode
To keep the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical solution and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with specific implementation
Example is described in detail.
Said program is described further below in conjunction with specific embodiment.It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrating
The present invention and be not limited to limit the scope of the invention.The implementation condition used in embodiment can be done according to the condition of specific producer
Further adjustment, the implementation condition being not specified is usually the condition in routine experiment.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples is commercially available.
A kind of efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant of present invention offer and its preparation and application, specific substance dosage and reality
Process is tested referring to following embodiments.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant, is made of following parts by weight of component：20 parts of mixed surfactant, moisture absorption
50 parts of wetting agent, 30 parts of water；
Further, mixed surfactant according to mass percent by following material composition：
Heterogeneous ten alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 20%
1- myristyl -3- methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborates 80%.
Further, moisture absorption wetting agent according to mass percent by following material composition：
Isobutanol 20%
- 3 methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate 80% of 1- ethyls.
The preparation method of above-mentioned efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant weighs mixed surfactant, moisture absorption wetting in proportion
Agent and water, are put into blender and stir evenly.
The application method of above-mentioned efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant, by the efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant and water quality
Than being 1：500, it is uniformly mixed, you can use.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant, is made of following parts by weight of component：30 parts of mixed surfactant, moisture absorption
20 parts of wetting agent, 50 parts of water；
Further, mixed surfactant according to mass percent by following material composition：
Heterogeneous ten alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 20%
Isomery undecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 20%
1- decyl -3- methylimidazoles hexafluorophosphate 60%.
Further, moisture absorption wetting agent according to mass percent by following material composition：
Ten alcohol 10% of isomery
Isomery undecyl alcohol 30%
1- hexyl -3- methylimidazoles hexafluorophosphate 60%.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for above-mentioned efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant.
The application method of above-mentioned efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant, by the efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant and water quality
Than being 1：500, it is uniformly mixed, you can use.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant, is made of following parts by weight of component：50 parts of mixed surfactant, moisture absorption
40 parts of wetting agent, 10 parts of water；
Further, mixed surfactant according to mass percent by following material composition：
Isomerous tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether 60%
1- octyl -3- methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborates 20%
1- decyl -3- methylimidazoles hexafluorophosphate 20%.
Further, moisture absorption wetting agent according to mass percent by following material composition：
Isomerous tridecanol 40%
- 3 methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate 30% of 1- hexyls
- 3 methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate 30% of 1- ethyls.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for above-mentioned efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant.
The application method of above-mentioned efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant, by the efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant and water quality
Than being 1：700, it is uniformly mixed, you can use.
Embodiment 4：
A kind of efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant, is made of following parts by weight of component：60 parts of mixed surfactant, moisture absorption
30 parts of wetting agent, 10 parts of water.
Further, mixed surfactant according to mass percent by following material composition：
Further, moisture absorption wetting agent according to mass percent by following material composition：
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for above-mentioned efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant.
The application method of above-mentioned efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant, by the efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant and water quality
Than being 1：800, it is uniformly mixed, you can use.
Embodiment 5：
A kind of efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant, is made of following parts by weight of component：30 parts of mixed surfactant, moisture absorption
30 parts of wetting agent, 40 parts of water；
Further, mixed surfactant according to mass percent by following material composition：
Heterogeneous ten alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 50%
1- decyl -3- methylimidazoles hexafluorophosphate 30%.
1- cetyl -3- methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborates 20%.
Further, moisture absorption wetting agent according to mass percent by following material composition：
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for above-mentioned efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant.
The application method of above-mentioned efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant, by the efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant and water quality
Than being 1：700, it is uniformly mixed, you can use.
Because length is limited, setting comparative example is as follows only by taking embodiment 3 as an example, further illustrates the present invention the efficient guarantor of preparation
Moisten the performance of wet type dust suppressant.
Comparative example 1：
Isomerous tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether in mixed surfactant is replaced with etc. the fat of quality by a kind of dust suppressant
Alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, remaining condition is same as Example 3, and method of preparation and use is also same as Example 3.
Comparative example 2：
1- octyl -3- methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborates in mixed surfactant the matter such as are replaced with by a kind of dust suppressant
1- decyl -3- methylimidazole hexafluorophosphates are replaced with etc. the dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid of quality by the dodecyl sodium sulfate of amount
Sodium, remaining condition is same as Example 3, and method of preparation and use is also same as Example 3.
Comparative example 3：
Isomerous tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether in mixed surfactant is replaced with etc. the fat of quality by a kind of dust suppressant
1- octyl -3- methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborates in mixed surfactant are replaced with etc. the ten of quality by alcohol polyoxyethylene ether
1- decyl -3- methylimidazole hexafluorophosphates are replaced with etc. the neopelex of quality by dialkyl sulfonates, remaining
Condition is same as Example 3, and method of preparation and use is also same as Example 3.
Comparative example 4：
Isomerous tridecanol in moisture absorption wetting agent the quality glycerine such as is replaced with by a kind of dust suppressant；By -3 first of 1- hexyls
Base tetrafluoroborate such as replaces at the quality urea, and -3 methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate of 1- ethyls is replaced with etc. to the mountain of quality
Pears sugar alcohol, remaining condition is same as Example 3, and method of preparation and use is also same as Example 3.
Surface tension, dust wetting effect after above-described embodiment 1-5 and comparative example the 1-4 dust suppressant prepared are diluted with water
The performances such as fruit and contact angle are tested, and test result is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
As shown in Table 1, the efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant that prepared by the present invention can quick humidification capture dust, improve powder
The hygroscopicity and moisture retention on dirt surface, and its naturally osmotic is also preferable.
Efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant prepared by the present invention is sprayed using sprinkling truck according to surface conditions, fountain height is
1kg/m2, road surface not airborne dust 15 days or more can be kept, it was demonstrated that and the holding hygroscopicity and humidity-preserving type that it can be permanent, and then improve dust
Wind resistance.
In summary, the efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant that prepared by the present invention has ultra-low surface tension, durable wettability
Novel moisturizing, moist type dust suppressant with permanent moisture absorbability and moisture retentivity, can be greatly improved dust suppression efficiency, prevent airborne dust from sending out
It is raw, meet energy conservation and environmental protection requirement.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, to keep description succinct, not to above-mentioned reality
The all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example is applied all to be described, for those skilled in the art,
Without departing from the principles of the present invention, it can also make several improvements and retouch, these improvements and modifications should also regard
For protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant, which is characterized in that be made of following parts by weight of component：Mixed surfactant
20-60 parts, 30-70 parts of moisture absorption wetting agent, 10-50 parts of water；
Wherein, the mixed surfactant is nonionic surfactant isomery fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and room-temperature ion liquid
The mixture of body surfactant；
The moisture absorption wetting agent is the mixture of isomery alcohol, high-hygroscopicity ionic liquid.
2. efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that by following parts by weight of component group
At：50-60 parts of mixed surfactant, 20-50 parts of moisture absorption wetting agent, 10-50 parts of water.
3. efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the blending surface activity
Agent is according to mass percent by following material composition：
Isomery fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 20%-80%
Ionic liquid at room temperature surfactant 20%-80%.
4. efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the moisture absorption wetting agent is pressed
According to mass percent by following material composition：
Isomery alcohol 20%-70%
Room temperature high-hygroscopicity ionic liquid 30%-80%.
5. efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the isomery fatty alcohol polyoxy second
Alkene ether is heterogeneous ten alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isomery undecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, one kind of isomerous tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether or more
Kind.
6. efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the ionic liquid at room temperature surface
Activating agent is 1- cetyl -3- methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborates, 1- myristyl -3- methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborates, 1- ten
Dialkyl group -3- methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate 1- octyl -3- methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborates；1- octyl -3- methylimidazole hexafluoros
Phosphate, 1- decyl -3- methylimidazoles hexafluorophosphate, 1- dodecyl -3- methylimidazoles hexafluorophosphate, the 1- tetradecanes
It is one or more in base -3- methylimidazoles hexafluorophosphate, 1- cetyl -3- methylimidazole hexafluorophosphates.
7. efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the isomery alcohol be isobutanol,
It is one or more in ten alcohol of isomery, isomery undecyl alcohol, isomerous tridecanol.
8. efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the room temperature high-hygroscopicity ion
Liquid is -3 methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate of 1- ethyls, -3 methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate of 1- hexyls, -3 methylimidazole of 1- ethyls
It is one or more in hexafluorophosphate, -3 methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate of 1- hexyls.
9. the preparation method of efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that weigh in proportion
Mixed surfactant, moisture absorption wetting agent and water, are put into blender and stir evenly.
10. the application method of efficient moisture-retention moist type dust suppressant as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the efficient guarantor
It is 1 that wet type dust suppressant, which is moistened, with water quality ratio：500-800 is uniformly mixed, you can is used.
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| CN109621589A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-04-16 | 北京联研卓创科技有限公司 | A kind of novel haze remover |
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