CN108274844A - 一种聚合物改性沥青防水卷材及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种聚合物改性沥青防水卷材及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108274844A
CN108274844A CN201810066485.2A CN201810066485A CN108274844A CN 108274844 A CN108274844 A CN 108274844A CN 201810066485 A CN201810066485 A CN 201810066485A CN 108274844 A CN108274844 A CN 108274844A
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谈玉龙
谈玉金
丁伟波
周丽云
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Jiangxi Eron Waterproof Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及防水卷材领域，具体涉及一种聚合物改性沥青防水卷材及其制备方法，包括上隔离层、两面均涂覆有改性沥青胶的胎基层和下隔离层，所述改性沥青胶包括以下重量份的组分：石油沥青30份～70份；SBS改性剂2份～10份；软化油5份～7份；填充剂30份～50份；聚酰胺蜡5份～10份；纳米二氧化硅5份～15份；纳米沸石5份～10份。本发明所述防水卷材，通过在配方中加入特定含量的聚酰胺蜡、纳米二氧化硅和纳米沸石，能够有效提高防水卷材的接缝剥离强度、低温柔性和防水性能。

Description

一种聚合物改性沥青防水卷材及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及防水卷材领域，具体涉及一种聚合物改性沥青防水卷材及其制备方法。
背景技术
防水卷材主要是用于建筑墙体、屋面、以及隧道、公路、垃圾填埋场等处，起到抵御外界雨水、地下水渗漏的一种可卷曲成卷状的柔性建材产品，作为工程基础与建筑物之间无渗漏连接，是整个工程防水的第一道屏障，对整个工程起着至关重要的作用。目前市面上应用最广泛的改性沥青防水卷材为苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)改性沥青防水卷材。SBS改性沥青防水卷材是以SBS橡胶改性石油沥青引为侵渍覆盖层，以聚酯纤维无纺布、黄麻布、玻纤毡等分别制作为胎基，经选材、配料、共熔、侵渍、复合成型、卷曲等工序加工制作。
接缝剥离强度是指卷材与卷材搭接处撕裂时的最大强度，体现了卷材性能的好坏，现有防水卷材因原材料配方单一、工艺简单，施工后，接缝剥离强度差，当基层膨胀时，会在搭接处拉开，搭接失效，从而造成接缝处出现渗水，使建筑物防水层面临严峻的挑战，甚至遭受破坏。此外，由于各种环境因素或人为因素，沥青卷材产品在施工时常被人为踩踏破坏，当卷材表面受到剧烈或突然的外力作用时很容易损坏卷材防水层质量而降低或失去卷材原有的防水性能，并且该破坏处遇到气温较低时，卷材上被破坏处愈加严重，卷材表面防水层出现裂纹。因此，研制一种低温柔性及防水性能均优的防水卷材尤其重要
发明内容
针对现有技术的上述不足之处，本发明所述一种聚合物改性沥青防水卷材，通过在配方中加入特定含量的聚酰胺蜡、纳米二氧化硅和纳米沸石，能够有效提高防水卷材的接缝剥离强度、低温柔性和防水性能。
本发明所述的一种聚合物改性沥青防水卷材，包括上隔离层、两面均涂覆有改性沥青胶的胎基层和下隔离层，所述改性沥青胶包括以下重量份的组分：石油沥青30份～70份；苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)2份～10份；软化油5份～7份；填充剂30份～50份；聚酰胺蜡5份～10份；纳米二氧化硅5份～15份；纳米沸石5份～10份。
优选地，所述改性沥青胶包括以下重量份的组分：石油沥青30份～50份；苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)5份～10份；软化油5份～7份；填充剂30份～45份；聚酰胺蜡5份～8份；纳米二氧化硅5份～8份；纳米沸石5份～8份。
优选地，所述石油沥青选自200号沥青、90号沥青或70号沥青中的一种或几种。
优选地，所述软化油选自减线油、芳烃油或环烷油中的一种或几种。
优选地，所述填充剂选自轻钙粉、重钙粉及滑石粉中的一种或几种。
本发明还提供所述的一种聚合物改性沥青防水卷材的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
将石油沥青置于反应罐中，搅拌加热至180℃～190℃，然后向其中加入苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)、软化油、聚酰胺蜡、纳米二氧化硅和纳米沸石，将得到的混合物在180℃～190℃继续搅拌混合2.5h～3.5h，然后经胶体磨反复研磨后，再向其中加入填充剂，搅拌1h～2h后通过胶体磨反复研磨制成改性沥青胶，将改性沥青胶放入浸涂池，选取聚酯毡作为胎基层，控制浸涂池温度在185±1℃，使改性沥青胶完全浸透胎基层，完成胎基层的浸涂；
在两面均涂覆有改性沥青胶的胎基层的上表面覆盖细沙作为上隔离层，下表面覆盖聚氯乙烯膜作为下隔离层；然后经过冷却、牵引制得防水材料；再经过计量、卷曲、检验做成防水卷材。
本发明与现有技术对比具有的有益效果：本发明通过在配方中加入特定含量的聚酰胺蜡、纳米二氧化硅和纳米沸石能够显著改善防水卷材的各项性能，与单独加入聚酰胺蜡或者纳米材料的防水卷材相比，特别是在低温柔性、不透水性和接缝玻璃强度上得到了大幅度的提升。
具体实施方式
本发明公开了一种聚合物改性沥青防水卷材及其制备方法，本领域技术人员可以借鉴本文内容，适当改进工艺参数实现。特别需要指出的是，所有类似的替换和改动对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的，它们都被视为包括在本发明。本发明的方法及应用已经通过较佳实施例进行了描述，相关人员明显能在不脱离本发明内容、精神和范围内对本文所述的方法和应用进行改动或适当变更与组合，来实现和应用本发明技术。
下述实施例中的实验方法，如无特别说明，均为常规方法。下述实施例涉及的试剂、设备或原料若无特别说明，均为普通市售品，皆可通过市场购买获得。下面进行具体案例实施，但本发明不限于以下这些案例。
实施例1
将300公斤90#沥青置于反应罐中，搅拌加热至180～190℃，然后向其中加入20公斤SBS改性剂、50公斤环烷油、50公斤聚酰胺蜡、50公斤纳米二氧化硅和50公斤纳米沸石，将得到的混合物在上述温度下继续搅拌混合3h，然后经胶体磨反复研磨后，再向其中加入300公斤滑石粉，搅拌1h后通过胶体磨反复研磨，制成改性沥青并放入浸涂池，选取聚酯毡作为胎基，控制浸涂池温度在185±1℃，使改性沥青胶完全浸透胎基，完成胎基的浸涂；
在胎基浸涂后上表面覆盖一次细沙保护层，下表面覆盖一次聚氯乙烯膜隔离层；然后经过冷却、牵引制得防水材料；再经过计量、卷曲、检验做成便于施工使用的防水卷材。
实施例2
将700公斤200#沥青置于反应罐中，搅拌加热至180～190℃，然后向其中加入50公斤SBS改性剂、60公斤芳烃油、80公斤聚酰胺蜡、80公斤纳米二氧化硅和80公斤纳米沸石，将得到的混合物在上述温度下继续搅拌混合3h，然后经胶体磨反复研磨后，再向其中加入450公斤重钙粉，搅拌1h后通过胶体磨反复研磨，制成改性沥青并放入浸涂池，选取玻纤毡作为胎基，控制浸涂池温度在185±1℃，使改性沥青胶完全浸透胎基，完成胎基的浸涂；
在胎基浸涂后上表面覆盖一次细沙保护层，下表面覆盖一次聚氯乙烯膜隔离层；然后经过冷却、牵引制得防水材料；再经过计量、卷曲、检验做成便于施工使用的防水卷材。
实施例3
将500公斤70#沥青置于反应罐中，搅拌加热至180～190℃，然后向其中加入100公斤SBS改性剂、70公斤减线油、100公斤聚酰胺蜡、150公斤纳米二氧化硅和100公斤纳米沸石，将得到的混合物在上述温度下继续搅拌混合3h，然后经胶体磨反复研磨后，再向其中加入500公斤轻钙粉，搅拌1h后通过胶体磨反复研磨，制成改性沥青并放入浸涂池，选取聚酯毡作为胎基，控制浸涂池温度在185±1℃，使改性沥青胶完全浸透胎基，完成胎基的浸涂；
在胎基浸涂后上表面覆盖一次细沙保护层，下表面覆盖一次聚氯乙烯膜隔离层；然后经过冷却、牵引制得防水材料；再经过计量、卷曲、检验做成便于施工使用的防水卷材。
对比例1
将300公斤90#沥青置于反应罐中，搅拌加热至180～190℃，然后向其中加入20公斤SBS改性剂、50公斤环烷油、50公斤纳米二氧化硅和50公斤纳米沸石，将得到的混合物在上述温度下继续搅拌混合3h，然后经胶体磨反复研磨后，再向其中加入300公斤滑石粉，搅拌1h后通过胶体磨反复研磨，制成改性沥青并放入浸涂池，选取聚酯毡作为胎基，控制浸涂池温度在185±1℃，使改性沥青胶完全浸透胎基，完成胎基的浸涂；
在胎基浸涂后上表面覆盖一次细沙保护层，下表面覆盖一次聚氯乙烯膜隔离层；然后经过冷却、牵引制得防水材料；再经过计量、卷曲、检验做成便于施工使用的防水卷材。
对比例2
将300公斤90#沥青置于反应罐中，搅拌加热至180～190℃，然后向其中加入20公斤SBS改性剂、50公斤环烷油，将得到的混合物在上述温度下继续搅拌混合3h，然后经胶体磨反复研磨后，再向其中加入300公斤滑石粉，搅拌1h后通过胶体磨反复研磨，制成改性沥青并放入浸涂池，选取聚酯毡作为胎基，控制浸涂池温度在185±1℃，使改性沥青胶完全浸透胎基，完成胎基的浸涂；
在胎基浸涂后上表面覆盖一次细沙保护层，下表面覆盖一次聚氯乙烯膜隔离层；然后经过冷却、牵引制得防水材料；再经过计量、卷曲、检验做成便于施工使用的防水卷材。
将上述实施例1-3和对比例1-2制备出的防水卷材分别进行检测，检测结果如表1中所示：
表1
通过表1可知：上述3个实施例制备得到的防水卷材均符合行业标准GB18242-2008，通过与对比例1-2进行对比可以看出，本发明实施例通过在配方中加入特定含量的聚酰胺蜡、纳米二氧化硅和纳米沸石能够显著改善防水卷材的各项性能，与单独加入聚酰胺蜡或者纳米材料的防水卷材相比，特别是在低温柔性、不透水性和接缝玻璃强度上得到了大幅度的提升。
以上实施案例是对本发明进行具体描述的举例说明，本发明所属的技术人员可以对各种具体案例进行修改或补充。

Claims (6)

1.一种聚合物改性沥青防水卷材，其特征在于，包括上隔离层、两面均涂覆有改性沥青胶的胎基层和下隔离层，所述改性沥青胶包括以下重量份的组分：石油沥青30份～70份；苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)2份～10份；软化油5份～7份；填充剂30份～50份；聚酰胺蜡5份～10份；纳米二氧化硅5份～15份；纳米沸石5份～10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚合物改性沥青防水卷材，其特征在于，改性沥青胶包括以下重量份的组分：石油沥青30份～50份；苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)5份～10份；软化油5份～7份；填充剂30份～45份；聚酰胺蜡5份～8份；纳米二氧化硅5份～8份；纳米沸石5份～8份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种聚合物改性沥青防水卷材，其特征在于，所述石油沥青选自200号沥青、90号沥青或70号沥青中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种聚合物改性沥青防水卷材，其特征在于，所述软化油选自减线油、芳烃油或环烷油中的一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种聚合物改性沥青防水卷材，其特征在于，所述填充剂选自轻钙粉、重钙粉及滑石粉中的一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚合物改性沥青防水卷材的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
将石油沥青置于反应罐中，搅拌加热至180℃～190℃，然后向其中加入苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)、软化油、聚酰胺蜡、纳米二氧化硅和纳米沸石，将得到的混合物在180℃～190℃继续搅拌混合2.5h～3.5h，然后经胶体磨反复研磨后，再向其中加入填充剂，搅拌1h～2h后通过胶体磨反复研磨制成改性沥青胶，将改性沥青胶放入浸涂池，选取聚酯毡作为胎基层，控制浸涂池温度在185±1℃，使改性沥青胶完全浸透胎基层，完成胎基层的浸涂；
在两面均涂覆有改性沥青胶的胎基层的上表面覆盖细沙作为上隔离层，下表面覆盖聚氯乙烯膜作为下隔离层；然后经过冷却、牵引制得防水材料；再经过计量、卷曲、检验做成防水卷材。
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