CN108260375A - Vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method - Google Patents
Vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108260375A CN108260375A CN201810116844.0A CN201810116844A CN108260375A CN 108260375 A CN108260375 A CN 108260375A CN 201810116844 A CN201810116844 A CN 201810116844A CN 108260375 A CN108260375 A CN 108260375A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement methods, include the following steps：Step 1: turn over salt-soda soil；Step 2: being sprinkled into the straw of the desulfurated plaster of 200~250kg, the concave convex rod of 50~80kg, the sulphur of 8~12kg, the ferrous sulfate of 30~50kg and 5000~10000kg according to salt-soda soil per acre, and stir evenly.The saline-alkali soil improvement method of the present invention passes through desulfurated plaster, concave convex rod, sulphur, ferrous sulfate, straw rational proportion, achieve the effect that alkaline land soil salt discharge, salt reduction, drop pH value, loosing soil, crop mends iron, soil increases organic matter, it is used under different soil, reach and adjust P in soil H values, the high effect of loosing soil, well developed root system, survival rate of plant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of land improvement, and in particular to a kind of vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting is changed with alkaline land soil
Good recipe method.
Background technology
Soil is bio-safety and most basic, the most basic factor of ecological safety.Unsoundness soil could output health
Agricultural product.Healthy soil, also can concerning ecological safety and agricultural concerning the quantity safety and quality safety of the agricultural product such as grain
Sustainable development.China's agricultural is original healthy, fertile by us due to long-term, a large amount of and dependence using chemical fertilizer
Soil " feeding " hardened, acidification, salination, Soil fertility exhaustion.Soil pollution, water pollution, atmosphere pollution, various diseases, peasant
Impression quite deep " increasing fertilizer amount does not increase yield " even " chemical fertilizer with more voluminous amount is lower ", agricultural product heavy metal is serious
Exceeded, deterioration, selling that difficult, benefit is low etc. etc., " confusion " has become universal phenomenon.Salt-soda soil is mainly characterized by containing more
Water soluble salt or alkaline matter, since salinity is more, alkalinity is big, and making agron, soil texture is destroyed by leaching loss,
It is sticked when showing as wet, hard when doing, native table often has white salinity accumulation, breathes freely, bad hydraulic permeability.Continuous for many years kind of northern plastic shed soil
It plants, soil secondary salinization, nitrite severely exceeds, and forms a large amount of purple ball algae, serious to cause plant wilt, poisoning
With rotten death.As China industrializes, the continuous promotion of Urbanization Progress level, China's Soil Environmental Pollution is on the rise.
Soil pollution causes pollutant load in crop exceeded, and passes through food chain and be enriched in human body and animal, endangers human and livestock health,
Cause human cancer and Other diseases etc., directly or indirectly influence health.Soil contamination problem has become world today pass
The hot spot of note has numerous studies, such as about alkaline land improving technology：Added using desulfurated plaster plus straw, desulfurated plaster
Animal excrements etc. improve the technology of alkaline land soil；The technologies such as soil pH value are turned down using sulphur strong acid；Concave convex rod is used to change
The technologies such as good soil.But several composition On Comprehensive Technique researchs are less, bad to reclamation result.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to solve at least the above, and provide the advantages of at least will be described later.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, by de-
Sulphur gypsum, concave convex rod, sulphur, ferrous sulfate, straw rational proportion, reach alkaline land soil salt discharge, salt reduction, drop pH value,
Loosing soil, crop mend iron, soil increases the effect of organic matter, are used under different soil, reach and adjust P in soil H values, soil
The effect that earth is loose, well developed root system, survival rate of plant are high.
In order to realize object of the present invention and further advantage, a kind of vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting salt-soda soil is provided
Soil improvement method includes the following steps：
Step 1: turn over salt-soda soil；
Step 2: according to salt-soda soil per acre be sprinkled into the desulfurated plaster of 200~250kg, the concave convex rod of 50~80kg, 8~
The straw of the sulphur of 12kg, the ferrous sulfate of 30~50kg and 5000~10000kg, and stir evenly.
Preferably, the vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method is turned in step 1 saline and alkaline
Ground is specially：By salt-soda soil deeply plough 28~32cm, after soil is smashed with rotary cultivator.
Preferably, the vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, further includes：
Step 3: build furrow on the salt-soda soil after stirring evenly, 5~7d before the field planting of vegetable melon and fruit crop, daily with 15~
20L/h rates drip to furrow, drip daily 2 times, two 3~5h of minor tick, and the amount of dripping is subject to after furrow bottom is discharged and is stopped every time, warp
It crosses after 3~5d drips so that EC values in salt-soda soil are less than 0.7ms/cm in furrow.
Preferably, the vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, the salt after stirring evenly
Before alkali builds furrow on the ground, in addition to by the soil conditioner of 50~80kg of the addition of salt-soda soil per acre on the salt-soda soil after stirring evenly
And stir evenly, the preparation method of the soil conditioner includes the following steps：
S1, the dark plum by parts by weight are 5~10 parts, 3~8 parts of Fructus Corni, 5~8 parts of dried orange peel, 5~8 parts of pawpaw, 3
~8 parts of Rhizoma Chuanxiong, 3~6 parts of green peel, 3~6 parts of hawthorn, 3~6 parts of the fruit of glossy privet, 3~6 parts of Radix Rehmanniae, 2~5 parts of bamboo
It eats, to be placed on vacuum degree be -0.08~-0.09Mpa for 2~5 parts of fibert, 3~6 parts of walnut, the mixing of 5~8 parts of almond
In pressure fills, and 5~8h is kept after the temperature in pressurized tank is warming up to 70~75 DEG C with 2~3 DEG C/min, take out, must mix
Object；Into mixture add in parts by weight be 40~45 parts, the water that temperature is 98~100 DEG C, impregnate 1~2h, obtain soak；It will leaching
Bubble object is placed under -20~-25 DEG C of environment 10~12h of holding, is placed on 20~30min of holding under 25~30 DEG C of environment, then to leaching
The water for adding in that parts by weight are 120~150 parts in object is steeped, is to be heated to reflux 15~20h under 95~100 DEG C of environment in temperature, filters,
Filtrate and filter residue are obtained, it is spare；
S2, the green shell that parts by weight are 15~20 parts is crushed, adds in the water that parts by weight are 50~80 parts and mix, be placed in
It is filtered in closed container in temperature to keep 15~20h at 50~60 DEG C, it is dry, obtain green shell powder；Green shell powder is put
30~50min is impregnated in the sodium carbonate liquor for being 15~20% in mass fraction, is filtered, cleaning, drying, and controlled at
400~450 DEG C of 1~2h of heating, obtain green shell powder after Temperature Treatment；
S3, the green shell powder by after filter residue, Temperature Treatment, the wood powder that parts by weight are 5~10 parts, parts by weight are 3~5
After mixing, filtrate is up to soil conditioner in sprinkling S1 for the turfy soil of part.
Preferably, the vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, the straw are wheat
One kind in careless stalk, maize straw, cotton stalk, broomcorn straw.
Preferably, the vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, green shell powder is put in S2
It is also placed in while immersion in sodium carbonate liquor under the infrared lamp that power is 500~800W and irradiates 10~20min.
Preferably, the vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, controlled at 400 in S2
After~450 DEG C of 1~2h of heating, continue to be warming up to 500~550 DEG C with 8~10 DEG C/min and keep 10~20min, then with 6~8
DEG C/min be cooled to 300~350 DEG C and keep 20~30min, be then warming up to 600~700 DEG C simultaneously again with 10~15 DEG C/min
1~2h is kept, room temperature is finally cooled to, obtains green shell powder after Temperature Treatment.
The present invention includes at least following advantageous effect：
1st, vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method of the invention, utilizes attapulgite porous crystalline knot
Structure, is fully mixed thoroughly with soil, makes Zinc fractions are cellular to form good crumb structure after water suction rapidly, can to sandy soil
To increase its water-retaining property, the characteristic of its water penetration can be increased the viscous hardened soil of weight；Utilize the main component sulphur in desulfurated plaster
Sour calcium can be with the exchangeability Na in basic soil+It is reacted, by dripping, good crumb structure condition is formed in concave convex rod
Under, the sodium salt and heavy metal that are replaced are discharged with water outside furrow under gravity, and salt is discharged into rivers and in the Nature
Algae, which absorbs, reaches self-cleaning.The effect of saline-alkali soil pH value can be effectively reduced using sulphur strong acid；Apply ferrous sulfate be then due to
Basic soil iron is cured, the easy yellow of plant, plays the role of plant and mends iron；And the effect for adding straw is then to increase
The carbon source of soil and raising soil organic matter content, the soil of cultivated land then restores colloidal under the action of carbon source, good
Crumb structure, the pH value of suitable for crop growth, plant healthy growth；The present invention passes through desulfurated plaster, concave convex rod, sulphur, sulfuric acid
Ferrous, straw rational proportion reaches alkaline land soil salt discharge, salt reduction, drop pH value, loosing soil, crop benefit iron, soil increasing
The effect of organic matter uses under different soil, reaches and adjusts P in soil H values, loosing soil, well developed root system, plant survive
Rate height and other effects.
2nd, vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method of the invention, by adding in soil in salt-soda soil
Modifying agent containing a variety of Chinese medicine composition such as dark plum, green peel, Fructus Corni, dried orange peel, pawpaws in soil conditioner, is extracted with water
After obtain filtrate, which can play salt-soda soil good sterilization, at the same dark plum in Chinese herbal medicine, Fructus Corni,
Dried orange peel, pawpaw, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, green peel, hawthorn, the fruit of glossy privet are slant acidity medicinal herb components, and it is inclined that these herbal medicine are extracted with water rear filtrate
Acidity can further reduce saline-alkali soil pH value.By by after green shell soaking in sodium carbonate solution, then dividing by multiple
Section calcination so that green shell forms vesicular texture, is fully mixed thoroughly with salt affected soil, makes salt affected soil shape after water suction rapidly
Good crumb structure is formed into cellular, increases the water-retaining property of salt affected soil.
Part is illustrated to embody by further advantage, target and the feature of the present invention by following, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, to enable those skilled in the art with reference to specification
Word can be implemented according to this.
It should be noted that experimental method described in following embodiments, is conventional method unless otherwise specified, institute
Reagent and material are stated, unless otherwise specified, is commercially obtained.
Embodiment 1
A kind of vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, includes the following steps：
Step 1: turn over salt-soda soil；
Step 2: it is sprinkled into the desulfurated plaster of 200kg, the concave convex rod of 50kg, the sulphur of 8kg, 30kg according to salt-soda soil per acre
Ferrous sulfate and 5000kg straw, and stir evenly.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, turning over salt-soda soil in step 1 is specially：
By salt-soda soil deeply plough 28cm, after soil is smashed with rotary cultivator.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, further includes：
Step 3: furrow are built on the salt-soda soil after stirring evenly, 5d before the field planting of vegetable melon and fruit crop, daily with 15L/h speed
Rate drips to furrow, drips daily 2 times, two minor tick 3h, and the amount of dripping is subject to after furrow bottom is discharged and is stopped every time, after 3d drips
So that EC values in salt-soda soil are 0.6ms/cm in furrow.The water outlet of furrow bottom is impregnated with soil on furrow for flow during dripping, and passes through the bottom of furrow
The phenomenon that portion (i.e. furrow part above ground level) soil flows out.
Embodiment 2
A kind of vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, includes the following steps：
Step 1: turn over salt-soda soil；
Step 2: it is sprinkled into the desulfurated plaster of 230kg, the concave convex rod of 60kg, the sulphur of 10kg, 40kg according to salt-soda soil per acre
Ferrous sulfate and 8000kg straw, and stir evenly.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, turning over salt-soda soil in step 1 is specially：
By salt-soda soil deeply plough 30cm, after soil is smashed with rotary cultivator.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, further includes：
Step 3: furrow are built on the salt-soda soil after stirring evenly, 6d before the field planting of vegetable melon and fruit crop, daily with 18L/h speed
Rate drips to furrow, drips daily 2 times, two minor tick 4h, and the amount of dripping is subject to after furrow bottom is discharged and is stopped every time, after 4d drips
So that EC values in salt-soda soil are 0.5ms/cm in furrow.
Embodiment 3
A kind of vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, includes the following steps：
Step 1: turn over salt-soda soil；
Step 2: it is sprinkled into the desulfurated plaster of 250kg, the concave convex rod of 80kg, the sulphur of 12kg, 50kg according to salt-soda soil per acre
Ferrous sulfate and 10000kg straw, and stir evenly.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, turning over salt-soda soil in step 1 is specially：
By salt-soda soil deeply plough 32cm, after soil is smashed with rotary cultivator.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, further includes：
Step 3: furrow are built on the salt-soda soil after stirring evenly, 7d before the field planting of vegetable melon and fruit crop, daily with 20L/h speed
Rate drips to furrow, drips daily 2 times, two minor tick 5h, and the amount of dripping is subject to after furrow bottom is discharged and is stopped every time, after 5d drips
So that EC values in salt-soda soil are 0.4ms/cm in furrow.
Embodiment 4
A kind of vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, includes the following steps：
Step 1: turn over salt-soda soil；
Step 2: it is sprinkled into the desulfurated plaster of 200kg, the concave convex rod of 50kg, the sulphur of 8kg, 30kg according to salt-soda soil per acre
Ferrous sulfate and 5000kg straw, and stir evenly.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, turning over salt-soda soil in step 1 is specially：
By salt-soda soil deeply plough 28cm, after soil is smashed with rotary cultivator.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, further includes：
Step 3: furrow are built on the salt-soda soil after stirring evenly, 5d before the field planting of vegetable melon and fruit crop, daily with 15L/h speed
Rate drips to furrow, drips daily 2 times, two minor tick 3h, and the amount of dripping is subject to after furrow bottom is discharged and is stopped every time, after 3d drips
So that EC values in salt-soda soil are 0.6ms/cm in furrow.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, furrow are built on the salt-soda soil after stirring evenly
Before, in addition to add in the soil conditioner of 50kg by salt-soda soil per acre on the salt-soda soil after stirring evenly and stir evenly, institute
The preparation method for stating soil conditioner includes the following steps：
S1, by parts by weight be 5 parts dark plum, 3 parts of Fructus Corni, 5 parts of dried orange peel, 5 parts of pawpaw, 3 parts of Rhizoma Chuanxiong, 3 parts
Green peel, 3 parts of hawthorn, 3 parts of the fruit of glossy privet, 3 parts of Radix Rehmanniae, 2 parts of caulis bambusae in taenian, 2 parts of fibert, 3 parts of walnut, 5 parts of apricot
Benevolence mixing is placed in the pressure filling that vacuum degree is -0.08Mpa, and the temperature in pressurized tank is warming up to 70 DEG C with 2 DEG C/min
After keep 5h, take out, obtain mixture；Into mixture add in parts by weight be 40 parts, the water that temperature is 98 DEG C, impregnate 1h, must soak
Steep object；Soak is placed under -20 DEG C of environment and keeps 10h, is placed under 25 DEG C of environment and keeps 20min, then is added into soak
Enter the water that parts by weight are 120 parts, in temperature to be heated to reflux 15h under 95 DEG C of environment, filtering obtains filtrate and filter residue, spare；
S2, the green shell that parts by weight are 15 parts is crushed, adds in the water that parts by weight are 50 parts and mix, be placed in closed container
In in temperature to keep 15h at 50 DEG C, filter, it is dry, obtain green shell powder；It is 15% that green shell powder is placed in mass fraction
Sodium carbonate liquor in impregnate 30min, filter, cleaning, drying, and controlled at 400 DEG C heating 1h, after obtaining Temperature Treatment
Green shell powder；
S3, the green shell powder by after filter residue, Temperature Treatment, the wood powder that parts by weight are 5 parts, the grass that parts by weight are 3 parts
After mixing, filtrate is up to soil conditioner in sprinkling S1 for charcoal soil.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, the straw are wheat straw waste.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, it is molten to be placed in sodium carbonate for green shell powder in S2
It is also placed in while immersion in liquid under the infrared lamp that power is 500W and irradiates 10min.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, controlled at 400 DEG C of heating 1h in S2
Afterwards, continue to be warming up to 500 DEG C with 8 DEG C/min and keep 10min, then be cooled to 300 DEG C with 6 DEG C/min and keep 20min, then
600 DEG C are warming up to 10 DEG C/min again and keep 1h, be finally cooled to room temperature, obtain green shell powder after Temperature Treatment.
Embodiment 5
A kind of vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, includes the following steps：
Step 1: turn over salt-soda soil；
Step 2: it is sprinkled into the desulfurated plaster of 230kg, the concave convex rod of 60kg, the sulphur of 10kg, 40kg according to salt-soda soil per acre
Ferrous sulfate and 8000kg straw, and stir evenly.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, turning over salt-soda soil in step 1 is specially：
By salt-soda soil deeply plough 30cm, after soil is smashed with rotary cultivator.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, further includes：
Step 3: furrow are built on the salt-soda soil after stirring evenly, 6d before the field planting of vegetable melon and fruit crop, daily with 18L/h speed
Rate drips to furrow, drips daily 2 times, two minor tick 4h, and the amount of dripping is subject to after furrow bottom is discharged and is stopped every time, after 4d drips
So that EC values in salt-soda soil are 0.5ms/cm in furrow.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, furrow are built on the salt-soda soil after stirring evenly
Before, in addition to add in the soil conditioner of 60kg by salt-soda soil per acre on the salt-soda soil after stirring evenly and stir evenly, institute
The preparation method for stating soil conditioner includes the following steps：
S1, by parts by weight be 8 parts dark plum, 5 parts of Fructus Corni, 7 parts of dried orange peel, 7 parts of pawpaw, 5 parts of Rhizoma Chuanxiong, 4 parts
Green peel, 5 parts of hawthorn, 4 parts of the fruit of glossy privet, 4 parts of Radix Rehmanniae, 4 parts of caulis bambusae in taenian, 3 parts of fibert, 4 parts of walnut, 6 parts of apricot
Benevolence mixing is placed in the pressure filling that vacuum degree is -0.09Mpa, and the temperature in pressurized tank is warming up to 73 DEG C with 3 DEG C/min
After keep 6h, take out, obtain mixture；Into mixture add in parts by weight be 43 parts, the water that temperature is 99 DEG C, impregnate 2h, must soak
Steep object；Soak is placed under -23 DEG C of environment and keeps 11h, is placed under 28 DEG C of environment and keeps 25min, then is added into soak
Enter the water that parts by weight are 140 parts, in temperature to be heated to reflux 18h under 98 DEG C of environment, filtering obtains filtrate and filter residue, spare；
S2, the green shell that parts by weight are 18 parts is crushed, adds in the water that parts by weight are 60 parts and mix, be placed in closed container
In in temperature to keep 18h at 55 DEG C, filter, it is dry, obtain green shell powder；It is 18% that green shell powder is placed in mass fraction
Sodium carbonate liquor in impregnate 40min, filter, cleaning, drying, and controlled at 430 DEG C heating 2h, after obtaining Temperature Treatment
Green shell powder；
S3, the green shell powder by after filter residue, Temperature Treatment, the wood powder that parts by weight are 8 parts, the grass that parts by weight are 4 parts
After mixing, filtrate is up to soil conditioner in sprinkling S1 for charcoal soil.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, the straw are maize straw.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, it is molten to be placed in sodium carbonate for green shell powder in S2
It is also placed in while immersion in liquid under the infrared lamp that power is 600W and irradiates 15min.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, controlled at 430 DEG C of heating 2h in S2
Afterwards, continue to be warming up to 530 DEG C with 9 DEG C/min and keep 15min, then be cooled to 330 DEG C with 7 DEG C/min and keep 25min, then
650 DEG C are warming up to 13 DEG C/min again and keep 2h, be finally cooled to room temperature, obtain green shell powder after Temperature Treatment.
Embodiment 6
A kind of vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, includes the following steps：
Step 1: turn over salt-soda soil；
Step 2: it is sprinkled into the desulfurated plaster of 250kg, the concave convex rod of 80kg, the sulphur of 12kg, 50kg according to salt-soda soil per acre
Ferrous sulfate and 10000kg straw, and stir evenly.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, turning over salt-soda soil in step 1 is specially：
By salt-soda soil deeply plough 32cm, after soil is smashed with rotary cultivator.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, further includes：
Step 3: furrow are built on the salt-soda soil after stirring evenly, 7d before the field planting of vegetable melon and fruit crop, daily with 20L/h speed
Rate drips to furrow, drips daily 2 times, two minor tick 5h, and the amount of dripping is subject to after furrow bottom is discharged and is stopped every time, after 5d drips
So that EC values in salt-soda soil are 0.4ms/cm in furrow.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, furrow are built on the salt-soda soil after stirring evenly
Before, in addition to add in the soil conditioner of 80kg by salt-soda soil per acre on the salt-soda soil after stirring evenly and stir evenly, institute
The preparation method for stating soil conditioner includes the following steps：
S1, by parts by weight be 10 parts dark plum, 8 parts of Fructus Corni, 8 parts of dried orange peel, 8 parts of pawpaw, 8 parts of Rhizoma Chuanxiong, 6 parts
Green peel, 6 parts of hawthorn, 6 parts of the fruit of glossy privet, 6 parts of Radix Rehmanniae, 5 parts of caulis bambusae in taenian, 5 parts of fibert, 6 parts of walnut, 8 parts of apricot
Benevolence mixing is placed in the pressure filling that vacuum degree is -0.09Mpa, and the temperature in pressurized tank is warming up to 75 DEG C with 3 DEG C/min
After keep 8h, take out, obtain mixture；Into mixture add in parts by weight be 45 parts, the water that temperature is 100 DEG C, impregnate 2h, must soak
Steep object；Soak is placed under -25 DEG C of environment and keeps 12h, is placed under 30 DEG C of environment and keeps 30min, then is added into soak
Enter the water that parts by weight are 150 parts, in temperature to be heated to reflux 20h under 100 DEG C of environment, filtering obtains filtrate and filter residue, spare；
S2, the green shell that parts by weight are 20 parts is crushed, adds in the water that parts by weight are 80 parts and mix, be placed in closed container
In in temperature to keep 20h at 60 DEG C, filter, it is dry, obtain green shell powder；It is 20% that green shell powder is placed in mass fraction
Sodium carbonate liquor in impregnate 50min, filter, cleaning, drying, and controlled at 450 DEG C heating 2h, after obtaining Temperature Treatment
Green shell powder；
S3, the green shell powder by after filter residue, Temperature Treatment, the wood powder that parts by weight are 10 parts, the grass that parts by weight are 5 parts
After mixing, filtrate is up to soil conditioner in sprinkling S1 for charcoal soil.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, the straw are cotton stalk.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, it is molten to be placed in sodium carbonate for green shell powder in S2
It is also placed in while immersion in liquid under the infrared lamp that power is 800W and irradiates 20min.
The vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, controlled at 450 DEG C of heating 2h in S2
Afterwards, continue to be warming up to 550 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min and keep 20min, then be cooled to 350 DEG C with 8 DEG C/min and keep 30min, so
700 DEG C are warming up to 15 DEG C/min again afterwards and keep 2h, be finally cooled to room temperature, obtain green shell powder after Temperature Treatment.
Comparative example 1
Only by salt-soda soil deeply plough 28cm, after soil is smashed with rotary cultivator.
The modification method of Examples 1 to 4, comparative example 1 is respectively adopted to measuring each soil root system after alkaline land improving, measures
For method with reference to Soil K+adsorption series standard (NY/T1121-2006), measurement result is as shown in table 1.
Influence of the soil improvement method of table 1- difference embodiments to soil root system
| Overall porosity (%) | CEC(cmol/kg) | Organic matter (%) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 71.22 | 15.63 | 17.32 |
| Embodiment 2 | 72.24 | 16.32 | 18.24 |
| Embodiment 3 | 73.18 | 17.23 | 18.95 |
| Embodiment 4 | 81.23 | 19.32 | 21.21 |
| Comparative example 1 | 52.33 | 9.23 | 8.16 |
As shown in Table 1, salt affected soil modification method using the present invention, overall porosity improve more than 36%, soil sun from
Sub- exchange capacity CEC is improved more than 68%, and organic matter improves about 1.12 times, significantly increases the sponginess of soil.
Salt affected soil after being improved using embodiment 1, embodiment 4, comparative example 1, is colonized strawberry, measures the survival of strawberry
Rate, average root length, plant height, the results are shown in Table 2.
The influence that the soil improvement method of the different embodiments of table 2 grows strawberry
| Survival rate (%) | Plant height (cm) | Root length (cm) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 95.8 | 23.56 | 18.36 |
| Embodiment 4 | 97.3 | 28.32 | 19.32 |
| Comparative example 1 | 51.3 | 14.32 | 12.31 |
As shown in Table 2, salt affected soil modification method using the present invention, after strawberry is colonized the survival rate of strawberry, plant height,
Root length is all higher than not by the salt affected soil of improvement, and illustrating the salt affected soil modification method of this present invention can effectively facilitate
The growth of strawberry.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its be not restricted in specification and embodiment it is listed
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, it is of the invention and unlimited
In specific details.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1: turn over salt-soda soil；
Step 2: it is sprinkled into the desulfurated plaster of 200~250kg, the concave convex rod of 50~80kg, 8~12kg according to salt-soda soil per acre
The straw of sulphur, the ferrous sulfate of 30~50kg and 5000~10000kg, and stir evenly.
2. vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step 1
In turn over salt-soda soil and be specially：By salt-soda soil deeply plough 28~32cm, after soil is smashed with rotary cultivator.
3. vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that also wrap
It includes：
Step 3: furrow are built on the salt-soda soil after stirring evenly, 5~7d before the field planting of vegetable melon and fruit crop, daily with 15~20L/h
Rate drips to furrow, drips daily 2 times, two 3~5h of minor tick, and the amount of dripping is subject to after the water outlet of furrow bottom and is stopped every time, by 3~
So that EC values in salt-soda soil are less than 0.7ms/cm in furrow after 5d drips.
4. vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that stirring
Before building furrow on salt-soda soil after uniformly, in addition to add in 50~80kg's by salt-soda soil per acre on the salt-soda soil after stirring evenly
Soil conditioner simultaneously stirs evenly, and the preparation method of the soil conditioner includes the following steps：
S1, the dark plum by parts by weight are 5~10 parts, 3~8 parts of Fructus Corni, 5~8 parts of dried orange peel, 5~8 parts of pawpaw, 3~8
Part Rhizoma Chuanxiong, 3~6 parts of green peel, 3~6 parts of hawthorn, 3~6 parts of the fruit of glossy privet, 3~6 parts of Radix Rehmanniae, 2~5 parts of caulis bambusae in taenian, 2
~5 parts of fibert, 3~6 parts of walnut, the mixing of 5~8 parts of almond are placed on the pressure that vacuum degree is -0.08~-0.09Mpa
In filling, and 5~8h is kept after the temperature in pressurized tank is warming up to 70~75 DEG C with 2~3 DEG C/min, take out, obtain mixture；To
In mixture add in parts by weight be 40~45 parts, the water that temperature is 98~100 DEG C, impregnate 1~2h, obtain soak；By soak
10~12h of holding is placed under -20~-25 DEG C of environment, is placed on 20~30min of holding under 25~30 DEG C of environment, then to soak
It is interior to add in the water that parts by weight are 120~150 parts, in temperature to be heated to reflux 15~20h under 95~100 DEG C of environment, filter, must filter
Liquid and filter residue, it is spare；
S2, the green shell that parts by weight are 15~20 parts is crushed, adds in the water that parts by weight are 50~80 parts and mix, be placed in closed
It is filtered in container in temperature to keep 15~20h at 50~60 DEG C, it is dry, obtain green shell powder；Green shell powder is placed in matter
It measures and 30~50min is impregnated in the sodium carbonate liquor that score is 15~20%, filtering, cleaning, drying, and controlled at 400~
450 DEG C of 1~2h of heating, obtain green shell powder after Temperature Treatment；
S3, the green shell powder by after filter residue, Temperature Treatment, the wood powder that parts by weight are 5~10 parts, parts by weight are 3~5 parts
After mixing, filtrate is up to soil conditioner in sprinkling S1 for turfy soil.
5. vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the plant
Object stalk is wheat straw waste, one kind in maize straw, cotton stalk, broomcorn straw.
6. vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that green in S2
Root shell powder be placed in sodium carbonate liquor impregnate while be also placed in power be 500~800W infrared lamp under irradiation 10~
20min。
7. vegetable melon and fruit crop field planting saline-alkali soil improvement method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that controlled in S2
Temperature processed for 400~450 DEG C heating 1~2h after, continue with 8~10 DEG C/min be warming up to 500~550 DEG C and keep 10~
20min, then be cooled to 300~350 DEG C with 6~8 DEG C/min and keep 20~30min, then heated up again with 10~15 DEG C/min
To 600~700 DEG C and 1~2h is kept, room temperature is finally cooled to, obtains green shell powder after Temperature Treatment.
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| CN110156534A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-23 | 清华大学 | A kind of liquid desulfurized gypsum improvement saline-alkali soil synergist and its preparation |
| CN111574304A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-25 | 周建平 | Natural mineral soil conditioning nutrient and preparation method and application thereof |
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