CN108250667B - Wear-resistant brake friction material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Wear-resistant brake friction material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108250667B CN108250667B CN201810071867.4A CN201810071867A CN108250667B CN 108250667 B CN108250667 B CN 108250667B CN 201810071867 A CN201810071867 A CN 201810071867A CN 108250667 B CN108250667 B CN 108250667B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/06—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material using pretreated fibrous materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2361/00—Characterised by the use of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2361/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08J2361/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2409/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08J2409/02—Copolymers with acrylonitrile
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/10—Silicon-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
- C08K7/24—Expanded, porous or hollow particles inorganic
- C08K7/26—Silicon- containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
- C08K9/06—Ingredients treated with organic substances with silicon-containing compounds
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of brake friction materials, and discloses a wear-resistant brake friction material and a preparation method thereof. According to parts by weight, mixing and grinding 15-24 parts of basalt fiber, 5-16 parts of mullite, 2-6 parts of graphene, 10-18 parts of silicon carbide and 10-18 parts of monocrystalline silicon until the granularity is less than 50 meshes, and then adding 0.5-5 parts of silane coupling agent for stirring reaction to obtain silane modified mixed powder; and then uniformly mixing the obtained silane modified mixed powder with 10-20 parts of phenolic resin and 4-12 parts of nitrile rubber, and carrying out hot-pressing curing molding to obtain the wear-resistant brake friction material. According to the invention, the silane coupling agent is added to modify the components of the reinforcing material and the filler, and the silicon carbide and the mullite are added as the reinforcing agents, so that the wear resistance of the material can be obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of brake friction materials, and particularly relates to a wear-resistant brake friction material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The brake friction material is a component material which is applied to power machinery and performs braking and transmission functions by means of friction. The common brake friction material is a polymer ternary composite material, which is a physical and chemical complex. It is made up by using three main components of high-molecular adhesive (resin and rubber), reinforcing fibre and friction property regulator and other compounding agent through a series of processes. The friction material has the characteristics of good friction coefficient and wear resistance, certain heat resistance and mechanical strength, and capability of meeting the performance requirements of transmission and braking of vehicles or machinery. They are widely applied to various engineering mechanical equipment such as traffic vehicles, oil rigs and the like; and can be used as an indispensable material for transmitting power or braking deceleration. The automobile brake friction material is represented and roughly undergoes the following development stages: the first stage is a friction material made of phenolic resin filled with asbestos fibers, wherein the asbestos is made of silicate minerals and the composition of which contains a certain amount of crystal water. The speed of modern automobiles is improved, so that the surface temperature of a braking part is as high as 300-500 ℃. Asbestos friction materials have poor thermal conductivity and heat resistance, lose crystal water at about 400 ℃, and lose substantially the reinforcing effect at 550 ℃. After the asbestos is dehydrated, the friction is unstable, the working layer material is deteriorated, the abrasion is intensified, and the obvious phenomenon of 'heat fading' appears. In addition, the asbestos dust has carcinogenic effect in processing and using, and the use of the materials is limited. The second generation automobile brake friction material is a semi-metal graphite composite material. The main components of the brake pad are steel fiber, graphite, metal powder and auxiliary materials thereof, and the brake pad is bonded and formed by modified phenolic resin, so that the brake pad is named because the metal content in the brake pad accounts for half of the total weight. The countries such as the United states, Europe, Japan, etc. begin to be widely popularized and used in the 60 s. The wear resistance of the semi-metal sheet is improved by more than 25 percent compared with that of an asbestos sheet, and the semi-metal sheet has the advantages of high friction coefficient, good heat conductivity, easiness in processing and forming and the like, so that the semi-metal sheet is dominant in the market of brake pads in China at present. However, the product has the following disadvantages: the steel fiber is easy to rust, and is easy to adhere or easily damage the dual after being rusted, and the strength of the product is reduced and the abrasion is increased after being rusted; the heat conductivity is high, and the friction sheet layer is separated from the steel plate due to air resistance generated by a braking system at high temperature; the hardness is high, so that dual materials can be damaged, and vibration and low-frequency braking noise are generated; the density is high. The third generation automobile brake friction material is asbestos-free organic friction material (NAO). The brake disc mainly uses glass fiber, aromatic polyimide fiber or other fibers (carbon, ceramic and the like) as reinforcing materials, and has the main advantages of keeping good braking effect no matter at low temperature or high temperature, reducing abrasion and noise and prolonging the service life of the brake disc. The material of the NAO type brake pad has undergone several changes, the NAO material effectively exceeds the performance of the asbestos brake pad in many aspects, but the NAO material still takes resin base as a binding phase, and after high-temperature friction, the decomposition of the resin is relatively increased, so that the friction coefficient is greatly reduced, and the heat fading phenomenon of the material occurs. Meanwhile, the adhesive action of the resin is reduced due to a large amount of thermal decomposition of the resin, so that the material abrasion is aggravated and the thermal oxidation abrasion is serious.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention mainly aims to provide a wear-resistant brake friction material.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the wear-resistant brake friction material.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a wear-resistant brake friction material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the silicon carbide is preferably silicon carbide porous ceramic.
The silane coupling agent is preferably an aminosilane coupling agent or an isocyanatosilane coupling agent.
The preparation method of the wear-resistant brake friction material comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) mixing and grinding basalt fiber, mullite, graphene, silicon carbide and monocrystalline silicon until the granularity is less than 50 meshes, adding a silane coupling agent, and stirring for reaction to obtain silane modified mixed powder;
(2) and (2) uniformly mixing the silane modified mixed powder obtained in the step (1) with phenolic resin particles and nitrile rubber particles, and performing hot-pressing curing molding to obtain the wear-resistant brake friction material.
Preferably, the mixing, grinding and stirring reaction by adding the silane coupling agent in the step (1) are carried out in a ball mill, and the specific steps are as follows: adding basalt fiber, mullite, graphene, silicon carbide and monocrystalline silicon into a ball mill, performing ball milling until the granularity is less than 50 meshes, then adding a silane coupling agent dissolved in ethanol, performing wet ball milling reaction, and removing the ethanol after the reaction is finished to obtain silane modified mixed powder.
Preferably, the specific conditions of the hot-press curing molding in the step (2) are as follows: the temperature is 150-180 ℃, and the pressure is 18-36 MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) the friction material provided by the invention adopts basalt fibers as reinforcing fibers, and has the advantages of difficult rusting and good high-temperature thermal stability.
(2) The invention adds mullite as a stable Al as a filler component2O3-SiO2The series of binary solid solutions have the same main components as basalt fibers, can further cooperate with the reinforcing effect of the wurtzite fibers, and obviously improve the wear resistance of the friction material.
(3) According to the invention, the silane coupling agent is added to modify the components of the reinforcing material and the filler, and in the hot-pressing curing molding process, active groups such as amino or isocyanate groups in the silane coupling agent and the like can perform a crosslinking reaction with hydroxyl or cyano in phenolic resin and nitrile rubber, so that the binding force of the resin components to the reinforcing material and the filler is remarkably increased, and the thermal stability and the wear resistance of the friction material are enhanced.
(4) According to the invention, the silicon carbide porous ceramic can be further used as a reinforcing agent, and the porous structure of the silicon carbide porous ceramic can provide tiny pores for absorbing energy, so that the toughness of the friction material is improved; meanwhile, the porous structure of the silicon carbide porous ceramic further improves the bonding specific surface among the components, and further improves the bonding force among the material components in the hot-pressing curing molding process, thereby enhancing the wear resistance of the friction material.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
The preparation method of the wear-resistant brake friction material provided by the embodiment comprises the following specific preparation steps:
(1) adding 24 parts by weight of basalt fiber, 16 parts by weight of mullite powder, 2 parts by weight of graphene, 10 parts by weight of silicon carbide powder and 18 parts by weight of monocrystalline silicon powder into a ball mill, carrying out ball milling until the granularity is less than 50 meshes, then adding 5 parts by weight of aminopropyltriethoxysilane dissolved in ethanol, carrying out wet ball milling reaction, and removing ethanol after the reaction is finished to obtain silane modified mixed powder.
(2) And (2) uniformly mixing the silane modified mixed powder obtained in the step (1) with 18 parts of phenolic resin particles and 7 parts of nitrile rubber particles, putting the mixture into a hot-pressing die, heating to 160 ℃, and carrying out hot-pressing curing molding under the condition that the pressure is 20MPa to obtain the wear-resistant brake friction material.
Example 2
The preparation method of the wear-resistant brake friction material provided by the embodiment comprises the following specific preparation steps:
(1) according to the weight parts, 24 parts of basalt fiber, 16 parts of mullite powder, 2 parts of graphene, 10 parts of silicon carbide porous ceramic (the silicon carbide porous ceramic can be prepared by referring to a method disclosed in patent CN 102807391A), and 18 parts of monocrystalline silicon powder are added into a ball mill, ball milling is carried out until the granularity is less than 50 meshes, then 5 parts of aminopropyltriethoxysilane dissolved by ethanol are added, wet ball milling reaction is carried out, and the ethanol is removed after the reaction is finished, so that the silane modified mixed powder is obtained.
(2) And (2) uniformly mixing the silane modified mixed powder obtained in the step (1) with 18 parts of phenolic resin particles and 7 parts of nitrile rubber particles, putting the mixture into a hot-pressing die, heating to 160 ℃, and carrying out hot-pressing curing molding under the condition that the pressure is 20MPa to obtain the wear-resistant brake friction material.
Example 3
The preparation method of the wear-resistant brake friction material provided by the embodiment comprises the following specific preparation steps:
(1) according to the weight parts, 15 parts of basalt fiber, 10 parts of mullite powder, 6 parts of graphene, 18 parts of silicon carbide porous ceramic (the silicon carbide porous ceramic can be prepared by referring to a method disclosed in patent CN 102807391A), and 18 parts of monocrystalline silicon powder are added into a ball mill, ball milling is carried out until the granularity is less than 50 meshes, then 3 parts of 3-isocyanate propyl triethoxysilane dissolved by ethanol are added, wet ball milling reaction is carried out, and the ethanol is removed after the reaction is finished, so that the silane modified mixed powder is obtained.
(2) And (2) uniformly mixing the silane modified mixed powder obtained in the step (1) with 20 parts of phenolic resin particles and 10 parts of nitrile rubber particles, putting the mixture into a hot-pressing die, heating to 150 ℃, and carrying out hot-pressing curing molding under the condition that the pressure is 30MPa to obtain the wear-resistant brake friction material.
Example 4
The preparation method of the wear-resistant brake friction material provided by the embodiment comprises the following specific preparation steps:
(1) according to the weight parts, 20 parts of basalt fiber, 12 parts of mullite powder, 5 parts of graphene, 15 parts of silicon carbide porous ceramic (the silicon carbide porous ceramic can be prepared by referring to a method disclosed in patent CN 102807391A), and 18 parts of monocrystalline silicon powder are added into a ball mill, ball milling is carried out until the granularity is less than 50 meshes, then 2 parts of 3-isocyanate propyl triethoxysilane dissolved by ethanol are added, wet ball milling reaction is carried out, and the ethanol is removed after the reaction is finished, so that the silane modified mixed powder is obtained.
(2) And (2) uniformly mixing the silane modified mixed powder obtained in the step (1) with 16 parts of phenolic resin particles and 12 parts of nitrile rubber particles, putting the mixture into a hot-pressing die, heating to 180 ℃, and carrying out hot-pressing curing molding under the condition that the pressure is 18MPa to obtain the wear-resistant brake friction material.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the brake friction material of the comparative example comprises the following specific preparation steps:
(1) according to the weight parts, 24 parts of basalt fiber, 16 parts of mullite powder, 2 parts of graphene, 10 parts of silicon carbide powder and 18 parts of monocrystalline silicon powder are mixed and ground to the granularity of less than 50 meshes, and then mixed powder is obtained.
(2) And (2) uniformly mixing the mixed powder obtained in the step (1), 18 parts of phenolic resin particles and 7 parts of nitrile rubber particles, putting the mixture into a hot-pressing die, heating to 160 ℃, and carrying out hot-pressing curing molding under the condition that the pressure is 20MPa to obtain the brake friction material.
The wear resistance of the brake friction materials obtained in the above examples and comparative examples was tested, the friction wear test was performed using an MM 1000-III type friction wear tester, the radius of the sample was 5cm, the friction wear test was performed on the sample at 6000r/min, and the wear rate of the material was measured, the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| Rate of wear | |
| Example 1 | 0.9％ |
| Example 2 | 0.1％ |
| Example 3 | 0.15％ |
| Example 4 | 0.2％ |
| Comparative example 1 | 1.8％ |
The results in table 1 show that the abrasion resistance of the brake friction material can be significantly improved by modifying the mixed powder with the silane coupling agent. And compared with common silicon carbide powder, the wear-resisting property of the obtained brake friction material is further improved by adopting the silicon carbide porous ceramic as the reinforcing filler.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The wear-resistant brake friction material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
the silicon carbide refers to silicon carbide porous ceramic; the silane coupling agent refers to an aminosilane coupling agent or an isocyanatosilane coupling agent.
2. The method of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing and grinding basalt fiber, mullite, graphene, silicon carbide and monocrystalline silicon until the granularity is less than 50 meshes, adding a silane coupling agent, and stirring for reaction to obtain silane modified mixed powder;
(2) and (2) uniformly mixing the silane modified mixed powder obtained in the step (1) with phenolic resin particles and nitrile rubber particles, and performing hot-pressing curing molding to obtain the wear-resistant brake friction material.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of preparing a wear resistant brake friction material comprises: the mixing, grinding and adding silane coupling agent stirring reaction processes in the step (1) are carried out in a ball mill, and the specific steps are as follows: adding basalt fiber, mullite, graphene, silicon carbide and monocrystalline silicon into a ball mill, performing ball milling until the granularity is less than 50 meshes, then adding a silane coupling agent dissolved in ethanol, performing wet ball milling reaction, and removing the ethanol after the reaction is finished to obtain silane modified mixed powder.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of preparing a wear resistant brake friction material comprises: the specific conditions of the hot-press curing molding in the step (2) are as follows: the temperature is 150-180 ℃, and the pressure is 18-36 MPa.
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| CN201810071867.4A CN108250667B (en) | 2018-01-25 | 2018-01-25 | Wear-resistant brake friction material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109679162A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-04-26 | 长春安旨科技有限公司 | A kind of water lubricating bearing material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113278212A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-20 | 华东理工大学 | Polymer sliding material for bridge support and preparation method thereof |
| CN114736485B (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2023-09-19 | 咸阳师范学院 | Resin-based ceramic friction material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115974523B (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2024-02-20 | 湖北飞龙摩擦密封材料股份有限公司 | Porous mullite for friction material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102618215A (en) * | 2012-02-23 | 2012-08-01 | 重庆红宇摩擦制品有限公司 | Regenerated automobile braking friction material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107542816A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-01-05 | 杭州西湖摩擦材料有限公司 | A kind of wear-resisting no metal brake block of low noise |
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| US20040140167A1 (en) * | 2003-01-16 | 2004-07-22 | Xinming Shao | Brake friction material including titanium dioxide particles |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102618215A (en) * | 2012-02-23 | 2012-08-01 | 重庆红宇摩擦制品有限公司 | Regenerated automobile braking friction material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107542816A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-01-05 | 杭州西湖摩擦材料有限公司 | A kind of wear-resisting no metal brake block of low noise |
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