CN1493641A - Environmental protection type brake material - Google Patents
Environmental protection type brake material Download PDFInfo
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- CN1493641A CN1493641A CNA031357067A CN03135706A CN1493641A CN 1493641 A CN1493641 A CN 1493641A CN A031357067 A CNA031357067 A CN A031357067A CN 03135706 A CN03135706 A CN 03135706A CN 1493641 A CN1493641 A CN 1493641A
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Abstract
An environment protection type braking material is prepared from modified phenolic resin as adhesive, the lubricant (graphite powder and MoS2 powder), friction component (silicon carbide powder and zirconium silicate powder), and regulator containing additional ferrous sulfate powder. Its advantages are high friction coefficient and thermal dissipation nature, and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of brake material, especially a kind of multi-field environment-friendly type brake materials such as automobile, aircraft, locomotive, engineering machinery, Transport Machinery, chemical machinery, mining machinery, petroleum machinery that can be applicable to.
Background technology
An important feature of eco-friendly car brake facing (claiming friction materials, brake material again) is not contain asbestos component, fundamentally eliminated asbestos brake lining produce and use in to the danger of human body poisonous and harmful and contaminate environment.Be the key components and parts of all kinds of machine brake system, in a lot of fields,, have purposes very widely as aspects such as automobile, aircraft, locomotive, engineering machinery, Transport Machinery, chemical machinery, mining machinery, petroleum machineries.The eco-friendly car brake facing has entered suitability for industrialized production and widespread use stage abroad; but the manufacturing cost of product is higher, also be difficult for promoting in China, and because China's manufacturing technology is backward; not strong to HUMAN HEALTH and requirement on environmental protection, so also using asbestos brake lining so far.
Because the friction and wear mechanism of friction materials does not also have the complete theory of a cover so far, and friction materials is the matrix material with frictional behaviour, so the technology of manufacturing of friction materials all exists certain defective.Mainly show: frictional coefficient is on the low side, and generally in 0.36～0.42 scope, particularly heat fading performance is poor.The reason that produces is:
1, producing frictional coefficient reason on the low side has two kinds, and first friction constituent element proportion is very few, and the ratio of lubricant component too much causes; It two is that adhesive consumption too much causes.
2, the reason that produces heat fading performance difference has three kinds: the proportioning of first brake material is improper to be caused; Its two binder performance that is to use is relatively poor, is unable to bear the friction under the high temperature and lost efficacy to cause; They are three years old, for asbestos agent brake material, when brake temperature reaches more than 260 ℃, braking ability just obviously descends, when brake temperature reaches 400 ℃, asbestos material will lose crystal water, thereby cause brake failure, this is that the natural characteristics of asbestos material causes, so asbestos material is used for brake material and should eliminates.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide the environment-friendly type brake material that a kind of manufacturing does not contain asbestos component, and solution frictional coefficient that can be successful is on the low side and the problem of heat fading performance difference, and manufacturing process is simple, operation easily, cost is low, and constant product quality is suitable for commercial scale production.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of environment-friendly type brake material comprises tackiness agent, toughener, lubricant, friction constituent element, conditioning agent, and it is characterized in that: tackiness agent is a modified phenolic resins, accounts for 5～8% of gross weight.
Described lubricant is Graphite Powder 99 and/or molybdenum disulphide powder, accounts for 10.5～17.5% of gross weight.
Described friction constituent element is carborundum powder and/or zirconium silicate powder, accounts for 5.5～12% of gross weight.
Described conditioning agent contains the ferrous sulfate powder, and the ferrous sulfate powder accounts for 5～8% of gross weight.
A kind of environment-friendly type brake material comprises tackiness agent, toughener, lubricant, friction constituent element, conditioning agent, and it is characterized in that: lubricant is Graphite Powder 99 and/or molybdenum disulphide powder, accounts for 10.5～17.5% of gross weight.
Graphite Powder 99 in the described lubricant accounts for 9～13% of gross weight; Molybdenum disulphide powder accounts for 1.5～4.5% of gross weight.
A kind of environment-friendly type brake material comprises tackiness agent, toughener, lubricant, friction constituent element, conditioning agent, it is characterized in that: the friction constituent element is carborundum powder and/or zirconium silicate powder, accounts for 5.5～12% of gross weight.
Carborundum powder in the described friction constituent element accounts for 4.5～7.5% of gross weight; Zirconium silicate powder accounts for 1～4% of gross weight.
A kind of environment-friendly type brake material comprises tackiness agent, toughener, lubricant, friction constituent element, conditioning agent, and it is characterized in that: conditioning agent contains the ferrous sulfate powder, and the ferrous sulfate powder accounts for 5～8% of gross weight.
Modified phenolic resins as tackiness agent of the present invention is the nitrile rubber modified phenolic resins; Toughener is the steel fiber that accounts for gross weight 14～17%; Also comprise 16～19% reduced iron powders, 7～10% ground barium sulfates, 3～7 wollastonite powder, 1～4 vermiculite power, 7～10 feldspars in powder, 2.5～5.5 tyre talcs as conditioning agent; 6～9% heavy calcium carbonates as stopping composition; 1～4% bronze medal fiber as heat transferring agent; 3～6% aminoresin powder, 4～7% rare fourth resin-oatmeals as toughner; 0.5～1% carbon black as tinting material; 1～2% Zinic stearas as releasing agent.
The present invention is by following flow preparation: drying, batch mixing, hot-die compression moulding, solidification heat processing, precision work and surface treatment are chosen, screened to proportioning raw materials.
Beneficial effect of the present invention shows:
One, product does not contain asbestos component, fundamentally removed asbestos brake lining produce and use in to the danger of human body poisonous and harmful and contaminate environment.
Two, product has very high frictional coefficient, good stability, good braking performance and good, brake sensitivity, high temperature resistant, characteristics such as the heat fading performance is good, can satisfy the Hyundai Motor requirement more and more higher to security preferably.
Three, manufacturing process is simple, and is easy to control, and constant product quality is fit to commercial scale production.
Four, starting material wide material sources, aboundresources, cheap and easy to get, the equal nontoxicity of various starting material, nothing danger.
Five, manufacturing cost is lower, and is about the same with the manufacturing cost of asbestos brake lining.
Six, storage and convenient transportation.
Embodiment
Full formula set of dispense ratio of the present invention and granularity content see Table 1:
Embodiment 1:
Modified phenolic resins 5%, steel fiber 15%, natural graphite powder 9%, molybdenum disulphide powder 1.5%, carborundum powder 4.5%, zirconium silicate powder 1%, reduced iron powder 19%, ground barium sulfate 7%, heavy calcium carbonate 7%, wollastonite powder 3%, vermiculite power 1%, feldspar in powder 7%, ferrous sulfate powder 6%, tyre talc 3.5%, copper fiber 2%, aminoresin powder 3%, rare fourth resin-oatmeal 4%, carbon black 0.5%, Zinic stearas 1%.
Embodiment 2
Nitrile rubber modified phenolic resins 6%, steel fiber 14%, natural graphite powder 10%, molybdenum disulphide powder 2%, carborundum powder 5%, zirconium silicate powder 1%, reduced iron powder 16%, ground barium sulfate 7%, heavy calcium carbonate 6.5%, wollastonite powder 4%, vermiculite power 1.5%, feldspar in powder 7.5%, ferrous sulfate powder 6%, tyre talc 3%, copper fiber 1.5%, aminoresin powder 3%, rare fourth resin-oatmeal 4%, carbon black 1%, Zinic stearas 1%.
Table 1
| Sequence number 1 | The starting material title | Weight percent (%) | Function and requirement |
| The nitrile rubber modified phenolic resins | ????5-8 | Tackiness agent, more than granularity 200 orders, content is more than 97% | |
| 2 | Steel fiber | ????14-17 | Toughener, diameter is less than below the 0.06mm length 5cm |
| 3 | Natural graphite powder | ????9-13 | Lubricant, more than 200 orders, content 93-97% |
| 4 | Molybdenum disulphide powder | ????1.5-4.5 | Lubricant, more than 200 orders, content 95-97% |
| 5 | Carborundum powder | ????4.5-7.5 | The friction constituent element, more than 250 orders, content 95-97% |
| 6 | Zirconium silicate powder | ????1-4 | The friction constituent element, more than 200 days, content is more than 95% |
| 7 | Reduced iron powder | ????16-19 | Conditioning agent, more than 100 orders, content 98.5% |
| 8 | Ground barium sulfate | ????7-10 | Conditioning agent, 100-200 order, barium sulfate content 〉=85% |
| 9 | Heavy calcium carbonate | ????6-9 | Stopping composition, the 100-200 order, content is greater than 90% |
| 10 | Wollastonite powder | ????3-7 | Conditioning agent, the 100-200 order, content is greater than 95% |
| 11 | Vermiculite power | ????1-4 | Conditioning agent, the 60-80 order, content is more than 90% |
| 12 | Feldspar in powder | ????7-10 | Conditioning agent, more than 200 orders, content is more than 90% |
| 13 | The ferrous sulfate powder | ????5-8 | Conditioning agent, more than 100 orders, content is greater than 90% |
| 14 | Tyre talc | ????2.5-5.5 | Conditioning agent, more than 40 orders, content is greater than 85% |
| 15 | The copper fiber | ????1-4 | Heat transferring agent, diameter be less than 0.1mm, length 2cm |
| 16 | The aminoresin powder | ????3-6 | Toughner, 200 orders, content is greater than 85% |
| 17 | Rare fourth resin-oatmeal | ????4-7 | Toughner, 200 orders, content is greater than 90% |
| 18 | Carbon black | ????0.5-1 | Tinting material, the 200-325 order, content is greater than 96% |
| 19 | Zinic stearas | ????1-2 | Releasing agent, 200 orders, content is greater than 97% |
Embodiment 3:
Nitrile rubber modified phenolic resins 6.5%, steel fiber 14.5%, natural graphite powder 9.5%, molybdenum disulphide powder 2.5%, carborundum powder 4.5%, zirconium silicate powder 1.5%, reduced iron powder 16%, ground barium sulfate 7%, heavy calcium carbonate 6.5%, wollastonite powder 3%, vermiculite power 1.5%, feldspar in powder 7.5%, ferrous sulfate powder 6%, tyre talc 3.5%, copper fiber 1.5%, aminoresin powder 3%, rare fourth resin-oatmeal 4%, carbon black 0.5%, Zinic stearas 1%.
Preparation method of the present invention is:
One, choose starting material by proportioning,
Two, screening and dry: the purpose of screening is the granular size of control powder, and strictness is chosen by technical requirements, also will screen with corresponding sieve apparatus.The exsiccant purpose is to remove the steam on starting material surface, and baking got final product in 20 minutes under 200～300 ℃ of temperature; For the starting material that contain crystal water, must under 850 ℃ high temperature, calcine 20 minutes as barium sulfate, to remove crystal water; To clean with ethyl acetate for steel fiber, to remove surface and oil contaminant etc.
Three, batch mixing: batch mixing is a very important operation, and the uniformity coefficient of batch mixing has very big influence to quality product, must control speed and time two factors of batch mixing well, be determined by test according to the materials situation.The batch mixing speed control that the present invention adopts is at 920～970 rev/mins, and mixing time was controlled at 8～10 minutes/time.
Four, hot-die compression moulding:
(1) heat pressing process condition:
Charging capacity is by " calculate finished-product volume * material density * 1.1
Press temperature: 155～165 ℃
Pressing pressure: 23～27MPa
Press time: calculate by " 70～80 seconds/mm product thickness "
(2) in hot pressing, be to reduce the layering and the cracking phenomena of brake material, must be through deflation course repeatedly repeatedly, the exhaust in 15 seconds after compound is depressed once, evacuation time was 4～6 seconds, the exhaust number of times is 5～7 times.
Five, solidification heat is handled: brake car material must be through the solidification heat process of a long period after hot-forming, and this is by the characteristic decision of tackiness agent, selects suitable solidification value and set time very important to the quality of brake material.For concrete brake material will through repetition test repeatedly could determine proper curing temperature and set time two factors.The solidification value that the present invention adopts was solidified 2～3 hours, and then temperature is risen in 170～180 ℃ of scopes in 130～140 ℃ of scopes, solidified 4～5 hours, reached best effect.
Improvement of the present invention is:
One, the present invention does not contain asbestos component: have very high very stable frictional coefficient in the use temperature scope, no heat fading phenomenon; Wear rate meets the requirement of standard GB 5763-1998 regulation, and more stable, is a kind of comparatively ideal environment-friendly type brake material therefore.
Two, in raw material ratio of the present invention, the tackiness agent of selecting for use is the nitrile rubber modified phenolic resins, and weight percent is 5～8%.The solubility parameters of nitrile rubber and resol is very approaching, both have good intermiscibility, the particle molecule is even, bonding force is strong, can stop fissured diffusion effectively, reaching and improve shock strength and increase the flexible purpose, is comparatively suitable so use the nitrile rubber modified phenolic resins in the environmental protection brake material as tackiness agent.On adhesive consumption, generally all more than 8%, the usage quantity of present technique is that 5-8% is fewer.The employing of tackiness agent and less consumption are one of characteristics of the present invention.
Three, in raw material ratio of the present invention, select silicon carbide and zirconium silicate friction constituent element for use as mixed type, weight percent is respectively: silicon carbide is 4.5～7.5%, zirconium silicate is 1～4%; The mixed friction group element material has the high-melting-point and the high heat of dissociation: crystal structure and chemical property are very stable, neither react with other group element materials in the use temperature scope, also do not produce polymorphic transition change; Have enough mechanical strengths and hardness, guarantee in friction process, to destroy the lot of energy that it will consume; And with tackiness agent moistening better, bounding force is strong.Mixed type friction constituent element has very high and stable frictional coefficient in the use temperature scope, no heat fading phenomenon is the present technique important characteristic.
Four, in proportioning raw materials of the present invention, select natural graphite and molybdenumdisulphide solid lubricant for use as mixed type, weight percent is not: natural graphite is 9～13%, molybdenumdisulphide is 1.5～4.5%; Natural graphite has the laminated crystalline structure, has the wearing and tearing that reduce brake material and promotes friction effect stably; Molybdenumdisulphide also is a kind of solid lubricant of laminate structure, is particularly suitable for working temperature and is higher than 300 ℃ friction materials, when having the material wear ability of increasing, also will increase the stability of material, reduces vibration and noise in the braking procedure.Make the way that has adopted control natural graphite and molybdenumdisulphide total content in the environmental protection brake facing process in employing the present invention, the weight percent of its total content is 9.5～15.5%, helps improving the over-all properties of brake material.This also is the characteristics that present technique is selected solid lubricant for use.
Five, in raw material ratio of the present invention, stopping composition and conditioning agent occupy larger proportion, have constituted the main body of brake material basically, and the frictional behaviour of brake material is had bigger compensation adjustment effect.The present invention has selected for use ferrous sulfate as one of important constituent element of frictional property regulator, its weight percentage is 5～8%, in the use temperature scope, it can make the tribological property (being frictional coefficient and wear rate) of friction materials have enough stability, simultaneously can also improve wear resistance and frictional coefficient, this is one of present technique characteristics of selecting conditioning agent and stopping composition for use.
Table 2 is the key technical indexes of testing and obtain the automobile drum brake(-holder) block that adopts the present invention to make in national nonmetalliferous ore quality of item supervision and inspection center, and survey report is " No. (03291), the non-quality inspection of state (a rubbing) word.
Table 2
| Name of product | Automobile drum brake liner | Specifications and models | EQ153 rear brake (no asbestos type) | ||||
| Sequence number | Interventions Requested | Measure unit | The requirement of GB5763-1998 GB | Assay | The individual event evaluation | ||
| 1 | Frictional coefficient | Heat up | Cooling | ||||
| ????100℃ | ??—— | ??0.25～0.65 | ??0.49 | ??0.56 | Meet | ||
| ????150℃ | ??—— | ??0.25～0.70 | ??0.58 | ??0.62 | Meet | ||
| ????200℃ | ??—— | ??0.25～0.70 | ??0.63 | ??0.64 | Meet | ||
| ????250℃ | ??—— | ??0.20～0.70 | ??0.64 | ??0.66 | Meet | ||
| ????300℃ | ??—— | ??0.15～0.70 | ??0.64 | ??↑ | Meet | ||
| 2 | Wear rate | ??10 -7cm 3/Nm | |||||
| ????100℃ | ??10 -7cm/Nm | ??≤0.50 | ???????????0.38 | Meet | |||
| ????150℃ | ??10 -7cm 3/Nm | ??≤0.70 | ???????????0.35 | Meet | |||
| ????200℃ | ??10 -7cm 3/Nm | ??≤1.00 | ???????????0.45 | Meet | |||
| ????250℃ | ??10 -7cm 3/Nm | ??≤1.50 | ???????????0.43 | Meet | |||
| ????300℃ | ??10 -7cm 3/Nm | ??≤3.00 | ???????????0.59 | Meet | |||
| 3 | Specify the frictional coefficient franchise | Heat up | Cooling | ||||
| ????100℃ | ??—— | ??±0.08 | ??-0.06 | ??+0.01 | Meet | ||
| ????150℃ | ??—— | ??±0.10 | ??+0.03 | ??+0.07 | Meet | ||
| ????200℃ | ??—— | ??±0.12 | ??+0.08 | ??+0.09 | Meet | ||
| ????250℃ | ??—— | ??±0.12 | ??+0.09 | ??0.11 | Meet | ||
| ????300℃ | ??—— | ??±0.14 | ??+0.09 | ??↑ | Meet | ||
| 4 | Test back product appearance quality | ??—— | See standard | Flawless does not have and bubbles | Meet | ||
Claims (10)
1, a kind of environment-friendly type brake material comprises tackiness agent, toughener, lubricant, friction constituent element, conditioning agent, and it is characterized in that: tackiness agent is a modified phenolic resins, accounts for 5～8% of gross weight.
2, a kind of environment-friendly type brake material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described lubricant is Graphite Powder 99 and/or molybdenum disulphide powder, accounts for 10.5～17.5% of gross weight.
3, a kind of environment-friendly type brake material according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described friction constituent element is carborundum powder and/or zirconium silicate powder, accounts for 5.5～12% of gross weight.
4, a kind of environment-friendly type brake material according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described conditioning agent contains the ferrous sulfate powder, and the ferrous sulfate powder accounts for 5～8% of gross weight.
5, a kind of environment-friendly type brake material comprises tackiness agent, toughener, lubricant, friction constituent element, conditioning agent, and it is characterized in that: lubricant is Graphite Powder 99 and/or molybdenum disulphide powder, accounts for 10.5～17.5% of gross weight.
6, a kind of environment-friendly type brake material according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the Graphite Powder 99 in the described lubricant accounts for 9～13% of gross weight; Molybdenum disulphide powder accounts for 1.5～4.5% of gross weight.
7, a kind of environment-friendly type brake material comprises tackiness agent, toughener, lubricant, friction constituent element, conditioning agent, it is characterized in that: the friction constituent element is carborundum powder and/or zirconium silicate powder, accounts for 5.5～12% of gross weight.
8, a kind of environment-friendly type brake material according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the carborundum powder in the described friction constituent element accounts for 4.5～7.5% of gross weight; Zirconium silicate powder accounts for 1～4% of gross weight.
9, a kind of environment-friendly type brake material comprises tackiness agent, toughener, lubricant, friction constituent element, conditioning agent, and it is characterized in that: conditioning agent contains the ferrous sulfate powder, and the ferrous sulfate powder accounts for 5～8% of gross weight.
10, according to claim 1,5,7 or 9 described a kind of environment-friendly type brake materials, it is characterized in that: described modified phenolic resins as tackiness agent is the nitrile rubber modified phenolic resins; Toughener is the steel fiber that accounts for gross weight 14～17%; Also comprise 16～19% reduced iron powders, 7～10% ground barium sulfates, 3～7 wollastonite powder, 1～4 vermiculite power, 7～10 feldspars in powder, 2.5～5.5 tyre talcs as conditioning agent; 6～9% heavy calcium carbonates as stopping composition; 1～4% bronze medal fiber as heat transferring agent; 3～6% aminoresin powder, 4～7% rare fourth resin-oatmeals as toughner; 0.5～1% carbon black as tinting material; 1～2% Zinic stearas as releasing agent.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA031357067A CN1493641A (en) | 2003-08-29 | 2003-08-29 | Environmental protection type brake material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA031357067A CN1493641A (en) | 2003-08-29 | 2003-08-29 | Environmental protection type brake material |
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| CN1493641A true CN1493641A (en) | 2004-05-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA031357067A Pending CN1493641A (en) | 2003-08-29 | 2003-08-29 | Environmental protection type brake material |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101469261B (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2012-03-07 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Composition for preparing iron based powder metallurgy friction material and friction material |
| CN101613516B (en) * | 2008-06-26 | 2012-06-06 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Friction material composition and friction material for preparing brake pad |
| CN102766436A (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2012-11-07 | 杭州菲英汽车零部件有限公司 | New friction material and application thereof |
| CN102816408A (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2012-12-12 | 董雪 | Friction material for auto brake pad |
| CN103256325A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-08-21 | 焦作市力创制动器有限公司 | Vibration-damping, denoising and yaw low-speed braking pad and fabrication method thereof |
| CN107503232A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-12-22 | 苏州曼里尼斯金属科技有限公司 | A kind of vermiculite is modified paper friction material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107524740A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-12-29 | 章德恩 | A kind of friction plate material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109372919A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-02-22 | 宁波凯硕汽车部件有限公司 | A kind of high performance brake piece and its production technology |
| CN111664203A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2020-09-15 | 信义集团公司 | Environment-friendly efficient brake pad and preparation method thereof |
| CN111664204A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2020-09-15 | 东营信义制动***有限公司 | Novel high-efficient brake block |
-
2003
- 2003-08-29 CN CNA031357067A patent/CN1493641A/en active Pending
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101469261B (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2012-03-07 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Composition for preparing iron based powder metallurgy friction material and friction material |
| CN101613516B (en) * | 2008-06-26 | 2012-06-06 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Friction material composition and friction material for preparing brake pad |
| CN102766436A (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2012-11-07 | 杭州菲英汽车零部件有限公司 | New friction material and application thereof |
| CN102766436B (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2015-03-11 | 杭州菲英汽车零部件有限公司 | New friction material and application thereof |
| CN102816408A (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2012-12-12 | 董雪 | Friction material for auto brake pad |
| CN103256325A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-08-21 | 焦作市力创制动器有限公司 | Vibration-damping, denoising and yaw low-speed braking pad and fabrication method thereof |
| CN103256325B (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2015-08-12 | 焦作市力创制动器有限公司 | Vibration damping de-noising driftage low speed brake rim and preparation method thereof |
| CN107503232A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-12-22 | 苏州曼里尼斯金属科技有限公司 | A kind of vermiculite is modified paper friction material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107524740A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-12-29 | 章德恩 | A kind of friction plate material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109372919A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-02-22 | 宁波凯硕汽车部件有限公司 | A kind of high performance brake piece and its production technology |
| CN111664203A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2020-09-15 | 信义集团公司 | Environment-friendly efficient brake pad and preparation method thereof |
| CN111664204A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2020-09-15 | 东营信义制动***有限公司 | Novel high-efficient brake block |
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