CN108232458B - Differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna - Google Patents
Differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN108232458B CN108232458B CN201810001788.6A CN201810001788A CN108232458B CN 108232458 B CN108232458 B CN 108232458B CN 201810001788 A CN201810001788 A CN 201810001788A CN 108232458 B CN108232458 B CN 108232458B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna, which comprises a dielectric substrate, a metal floor, a feed metal patch and four radiation patch groups, wherein the first coaxial line, the second coaxial line, the third coaxial line and the fourth coaxial line are coaxial lines; the feeding metal patch is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate; the four groups of radiation patches are arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate and are mirror symmetry with each other around the center of the dielectric substrate; each radiation patch group consists of two inner radiation patches and two outer radiation patches which are different in size and same in shape, and the two inner radiation patches and the two outer radiation patches which are diagonally symmetrical are respectively formed into a pair of dipole patches; the metal floor is arranged below the dielectric substrate, the first, second, third and fourth coaxial line inner conductors are connected with the feeding metal patches, the outer conductors are connected with the four outer radiation patches in one-to-one correspondence, and the bottoms of the outer conductors penetrate through the metal floor and then are externally connected with the SMA head. The invention has four pairs of dipole, dual-frequency, dual-polarization and differential characteristics, and has the advantages of easy processing, simple structure, small volume, low cost and wide frequency band.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna.
Background
In mobile communication, most of base stations in dense areas are in a polarization diversity mode, and in base station antennas, a + -45-degree dual-polarized antenna is applied in a large scale. The current base station antenna for 3G and 4G has the frequency band of 1.71 GHz-2.69 GHz, and the current base station antenna can well cover the frequency band. For the coverage of 3.3 GHz-3.6 GHz and 4.8 GHz-5 GHz of the 5G communication frequency band, the single-band base station antenna is difficult to realize, so that the dual-band base station antenna is particularly suitable for realizing the coverage of 3G, 4G and 5G communication frequency bands.
The differential antenna can be directly integrated with a differential circuit, so that the energy loss of the system is reduced, the high integration and miniaturization of the system are facilitated, and the differential antenna has the characteristics of common mode rejection, low cross polarization, high port isolation and the like, so that the differential antenna also becomes an important direction of research in the field of antennas at present.
The differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop antenna has the advantages of the differential antenna and the dual-frequency dual-polarized wire, so that the differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop antenna is particularly suitable for the fields of 3G, 4G and 5G mobile communication. For the known dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna, the bandwidth is narrow, the port isolation is not high, and the development of the antenna is limited.
The prior art has been investigated and understood as follows:
in 2006, space electronics, pan Xueming, wang Zemei and Jiao Yongchang, a dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna is proposed in the publication entitled "a novel dual-frequency dual-polarized microstrip dipole antenna". The article employs an improved microstrip dipole structure and employs a coupling patch and balanced feed. The impedance bandwidth of the dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna can cover a GSM frequency band of 880-960 MHz and a DCS frequency band of 1710-1880 MHz, and the port isolation is greater than 31dB in both frequency bands. However, the prior art still does not solve the problems of narrow bandwidth and low port isolation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, and provides a differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-ring base station antenna which has four pairs of dipole patches, dual-frequency, dual-polarization and differential characteristics, is easy to process, simple in structure, small in size, low in cost and wide in frequency band, and can be applied to 3G, 4G and 5G mobile phone base stations of 1.71 GHz-2.69 GHz and 4.8 GHz-5 GHz.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a metal floor, a feed metal patch, four radiation patch groups, a first coaxial line, a second coaxial line, a third coaxial line and a fourth coaxial line; the feed metal patch is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate; the four radiation patch groups are arranged on the lower surface of the medium substrate, uniformly distributed around the center of the medium substrate and in mirror symmetry with each other; each radiation patch group consists of two inner and outer radiation patches with different sizes and identical shapes, and is of an inner-outer nested double-ring structure, and the two inner radiation patches and the two outer radiation patches which are diagonally symmetrical are respectively formed into a pair of dipole patches, namely four pairs of dipole patches are formed by four radiation patch groups; the metal floor is arranged below the medium substrate, the first coaxial line, the second coaxial line, the third coaxial line and the fourth coaxial line are arranged between the medium substrate and the metal floor in parallel, the inner conductors of the first coaxial line, the second coaxial line, the third coaxial line and the fourth coaxial line penetrate through the medium substrate and are connected with the feeding metal patches, the outer conductors of the first coaxial line, the second coaxial line, the third coaxial line and the fourth coaxial line are respectively connected with four outer radiation patches of the four radiation patch groups in a one-to-one correspondence mode, namely, one outer radiation patch is connected with the outer conductor of one coaxial line, and the bottoms of the first coaxial line, the second coaxial line, the third coaxial line and the fourth coaxial line penetrate through the metal floor and then are externally connected with the SMA head.
The feeding metal patch comprises a balanced feeding central part and four feeding branches, wherein the four feeding branches are uniformly distributed around the balanced feeding central part in a mirror symmetry mode, are respectively connected with the balanced feeding central part, correspond to one internal radiation patch and one coaxial line, and realize coupling feeding with the corresponding internal radiation patch and are connected with the internal conductors of the corresponding coaxial lines.
The inner and outer radiation patches are of circular or polygonal structures.
The balanced feed center part is of a circular or polygonal structure, and the feed branches are of an I-shaped structure.
The areas of the upper surface and the lower surface of the medium substrate are 20% -30% of the area of the metal floor, and the medium substrate and the metal floor are vertical to the same center line.
The metal used in the metal floor, the first coaxial line, the second coaxial line, the third coaxial line, the fourth coaxial line and the four groups of radiation patch groups is any one of aluminum, iron, tin, copper, silver, gold and platinum or an alloy of one of the aluminum, iron, tin, copper, silver, gold and platinum.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. compared with the design in the prior art, the differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-ring base station antenna uses four coaxial lines for differential feeding to excite four pairs of dipole patches, wherein the larger two pairs of dipole patches work in a low-frequency band, and the smaller two pairs of dipoles work in a high-frequency band, so that dual-frequency dual polarization is realized. The antenna has good common mode rejection due to the use of differential feeding.
2. Compared with the design of the prior art, the differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna can improve the performance in a frequency band, and simulation results of return loss of an input port show that the antenna has wider bandwidth and higher gain in the frequency band range of 1.66Ghz-2.88Ghz and 4.57GHz-5.31 GHz; can meet the requirements of the 3G, 4G and 5G mobile phone base station antennas applied to the broadband high-speed wireless communication systems of 1.71 Ghz-2.69 Ghz and 4.8 GHz-5.0 GHz.
3. The differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-ring base station antenna provided by the invention has four pairs of dipole patches, which can be formed by adopting a PCB (printed circuit board) with a single-sided covered metal sheet, and the four pairs of dipole patches are subjected to corner cutting, so that the impedance bandwidth of the antenna can be further increased.
4. The dielectric substrate of the differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna has the advantages of mature processing technology, low cost, high yield and simple manufacturing process, and can meet the requirement of low manufacturing cost of the base station antenna.
5. The differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 53.7% (1.66-2.88 GHz) and an impedance bandwidth of 15.0% (4.57 Ghz-5.31 Ghz) in a low frequency band, has a port isolation of more than 60dB in a passband, and solves the problems of narrow impedance bandwidth and low port isolation in the prior art.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an isometric view of a differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view of a differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a left side view of the differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a top view of a differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the upper surface structure of a dielectric substrate of the differential dual-band dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a diagram showing the structure of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate of the differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a graph of simulation results of S parameters and isolation of the differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a graph of simulation results of a differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna Gain according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna provided in this embodiment includes a dielectric substrate 2, a metal floor 1, a feeding metal patch 6, four radiation patch groups, a first coaxial line 3a, a second coaxial line 3b, a third coaxial line 3c, and a fourth coaxial line 3d. The four radiation patch groups are arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 2, uniformly distributed around the center of the dielectric substrate 2 and are in mirror symmetry with each other. Each group of radiation patches consists of two inner and outer radiation patches with different sizes and identical shapes, and is of an inner and outer nested double-ring structure, 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d in the figure are four outer radiation patches of four groups of radiation patches, 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d in the figure are four inner radiation patches of four groups of radiation patches, and the inner and outer radiation patches 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d are of a circular or polygonal structure, while pentagonal structure is preferred in the embodiment. The feeding metal patch 6 is arranged on the upper surface of the medium substrate 2 and comprises a balanced feeding central part 7 and four feeding branches with an I-shaped structure, the four feeding branches are uniformly distributed around the balanced feeding central part 7 in a mirror symmetry mode and are respectively connected with the balanced feeding central part 7, one feeding branch corresponds to one internal radiation patch and one coaxial line and is connected with an internal conductor of the corresponding coaxial line to realize coupling feeding and connection with the corresponding internal radiation patch, the balanced feeding central part 7 is of a circular or polygonal structure, a square structure is optimized in the embodiment, the four feeding branches are respectively a first feeding branch, a second feeding branch, a third feeding branch and a fourth feeding branch, the first feeding branch comprises a square part 8a, a rectangular part 9a and a rectangular part 10a which are sequentially connected, the second feeding branch comprises a rectangular part 8b, a rectangular part 9b and a rectangular part 10b which are sequentially connected, the third feeding branch comprises a rectangular part 8c, a rectangular part 9c and a rectangular part 10c which are sequentially connected, and a fourth feeding branch 8d comprises a rectangular part 8c and a rectangular part 8d which are sequentially connected with the rectangular part 8c and a rectangular part 8 d. The metal floor 1 is arranged below the dielectric substrate 2, the first coaxial line 3a, the second coaxial line 3b, the third coaxial line 3c and the fourth coaxial line 3d are arranged between the dielectric substrate 2 and the metal floor 1 in parallel, inner conductors of the first coaxial line 3a, the second coaxial line 3b, the third coaxial line 3c and the fourth coaxial line 3d penetrate through the dielectric substrate 2 and are respectively connected with square parts of corresponding feed branches, outer conductors of the first coaxial line 3a, the second coaxial line 3b, the third coaxial line 3c and the fourth coaxial line 3d are respectively connected with four outer radiation patches 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d of four radiation patch groups in a one-to-one correspondence manner, namely one outer radiation patch is connected with an outer conductor of one coaxial line, and bottoms of the first coaxial line 3a, the second coaxial line 3b, the third coaxial line 3c and the fourth coaxial line 3d penetrate through the metal floor 1 and then are externally connected with an SMA head.
The outer radiation patches 4a and 4c, 4b and 4d, and the inner radiation patches 5a and 5c, 5b and 5d together form four pairs of dipole patches, and the dipole patches serve as a pair of radiators to complete the transmission or reception of antenna signals; signals are connected in or out from the bottom ends of the first coaxial line 3a, the second coaxial line 3b, the third coaxial line 3c and the fourth coaxial line 3d through the SMA head.
The areas of the upper surface and the lower surface of the medium substrate 2 are 20% -30% of the area of the metal floor 1, and the medium substrate 2 and the metal floor 1 are vertical lines at the same center.
The dielectric substrate 2 is made of FR4-epoxy material, the dielectric constant is 4.4, the loss angle is 0.02, the processing technology is mature, the cost is low, the yield is high, the manufacturing process is simple, and the requirement of low manufacturing cost of the base station antenna can be met. The diameter of the inner conductor of the first coaxial line 3a, the second coaxial line 3b, the third coaxial line 3c and the fourth coaxial line 3d is 0.5mm, and the diameter of the outer conductor is 1.5mm. The metal floor 1, the first coaxial line 3a, the second coaxial line 3b, the third coaxial line 3c, the fourth coaxial line 3d and the four radiation patch groups adopt any one of aluminum, iron, tin, copper, silver, gold and platinum or alloy of any one of the aluminum, iron, tin, copper, silver, gold and platinum.
After the dimensional parameters of each part of the differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-ring base station antenna of the embodiment are adjusted, verification simulation is carried out on the differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-ring base station antenna of the embodiment through calculation and electromagnetic field simulation, as shown in fig. 8, curves of simulation results of S parameters (St (Diff 1, diff 1) and St (Diff 1, diff 2)) of the antenna in the frequency range of 1.5-6.0 Ghz are given, two curves are shown in the figure, the curves of St (Diff 1 ) refer to the |S11| simulation parameters of differential mode signals, and the curves of St (Diff 1, diff 2) refer to the isolation of two pairs of differential ports; it can be seen that in the frequency range of 1.66GHz to 2.88GHz and 4.57GHz to 5.31GHz, the values of dB (St (Diff 1, diff 1)) are all less than-10 dB, while the values of dB (St (Diff 1, diff 2)) are all less than-60 dB; as shown in FIG. 9, a graph of PeakGain simulation results of the antenna in the frequency range of 1.5-6.0 Ghz is shown, and it can be seen that the dB (PeakGain) values are all in the range of 8.75+/-0.73 dBi in the frequency ranges of 1.66GHz-2.88GHz and 4.57GHz-5.31 GHz. The simulation result shows that the differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop antenna has wider bandwidth, higher gain, extremely high port isolation and good performance, can meet the requirements of the 3G, 4G and 5G mobile phone base station antennas applied to broadband high-speed wireless communication systems of 1.71 GHz-2.69 GHz and 4.8 GHz-5.0 GHz, and is worthy of popularization.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, so variations in shape and principles of the present invention should be covered.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a differential dual-frenquency double polarization dicyclo base station antenna which characterized in that: the coaxial cable comprises a dielectric substrate, a metal floor, a feeding metal patch, four radiation patch groups, a first coaxial line, a second coaxial line, a third coaxial line and a fourth coaxial line; the feed metal patch is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate; the four radiation patch groups are arranged on the lower surface of the medium substrate, uniformly distributed around the center of the medium substrate and in mirror symmetry with each other; each radiation patch group consists of two inner and outer radiation patches with different sizes and identical shapes, and is of an inner-outer nested double-ring structure, and the two inner radiation patches and the two outer radiation patches which are diagonally symmetrical are respectively formed into a pair of dipole patches, namely four pairs of dipole patches are formed by four radiation patch groups; the metal floor is arranged below the medium substrate, the first coaxial line, the second coaxial line, the third coaxial line and the fourth coaxial line are arranged between the medium substrate and the metal floor in parallel, the inner conductors of the first coaxial line, the second coaxial line, the third coaxial line and the fourth coaxial line penetrate through the medium substrate and are connected with the feeding metal patches, the outer conductors of the first coaxial line, the second coaxial line, the third coaxial line and the fourth coaxial line are respectively connected with four outer radiation patches of the four radiation patch groups in a one-to-one correspondence manner, namely, one outer radiation patch is connected with the outer conductor of one coaxial line, and the bottoms of the first coaxial line, the second coaxial line, the third coaxial line and the fourth coaxial line penetrate through the metal floor and then are externally connected with the SMA head; the feeding metal patch comprises a balanced feeding central part and four feeding branches, wherein the four feeding branches are uniformly distributed around the balanced feeding central part in a mirror symmetry manner, are respectively connected with the balanced feeding central part, correspond to one internal radiation patch and one coaxial line, and realize coupling feeding with the corresponding internal radiation patch and are connected with the internal conductors of the corresponding coaxial lines; the inner and outer radiation patches are of circular or polygonal structures.
2. The differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna of claim 1, wherein: the balanced feed center part is of a circular or polygonal structure, and the feed branches are of an I-shaped structure.
3. The differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna of claim 1, wherein: the areas of the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate are 20% -30% of the area of the metal floor, and the dielectric substrate and the metal floor are vertical lines at the same center.
4. The differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna of claim 1, wherein: the metal used in the metal floor, the first coaxial line, the second coaxial line, the third coaxial line, the fourth coaxial line and the four groups of radiation patch groups is any one of aluminum, iron, tin, copper, silver, gold and platinum or an alloy of one of the aluminum, iron, tin, copper, silver, gold and platinum.
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| CN201810001788.6A CN108232458B (en) | 2018-01-02 | 2018-01-02 | Differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna |
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| CN201810001788.6A CN108232458B (en) | 2018-01-02 | 2018-01-02 | Differential dual-frequency dual-polarized dual-loop base station antenna |
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| CN108232458B true CN108232458B (en) | 2023-08-22 |
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| CN109524762B (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2021-03-30 | 深圳大学 | Wide beam scanning dual-frequency dual-polarization micro base station antenna applied to 5G communication |
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| CN114361770B (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2024-04-02 | 安徽大学 | Differential feed circularly polarized microstrip loop antenna |
| GB2620546A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2024-01-17 | Bae Systems Plc | Dipole structures and antennae |
| CN115064868B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2024-04-16 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Dual-polarized cross dipole transparent antenna |
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