CN108226078A - The adjustable ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device of light path and multi-parameter water-quality measuring method - Google Patents
The adjustable ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device of light path and multi-parameter water-quality measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000002371 ultraviolet--visible spectrum Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 37
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- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012490 blank solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002945 steepest descent method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001429 visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/33—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using ultraviolet light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of uv-vis spectra in-situ monitoring device of adjustable light path and multi-parameter water-quality measuring methods.The monitoring device includes monitoring component, light source, collimation lens, convergent lens, emitting elements, Flat field concave grating, image detector, monitoring probe is placed in water body to be measured, water body to be measured is full of in second sub-chamber, by the way that light source is set to provide illumination, the light that light source is sent out becomes collimated light beam after collimation lens collimates, collimated light beam pass through the second sub-chamber in water body to be measured, it is projected again by convergent lens meeting coalescence from the exit slit of emitting elements, the light that exit slit projects is divided by Flat field concave grating and is imaged in the photosurface of image detector, the light intensity signal of different wave length is converted into electric signal by image detector, that is uv-vis spectra, controller acquires and record ultraviolet-visible spectrum signal.The monitoring device monitoring efficiency greatly improves, and measuring accuracy is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental monitorings, are supervised in situ more particularly to a kind of ultraviolet-visible spectrum of adjustable light path
Survey device and multi-parameter water-quality measuring method.
Background technology
In monitoring water environment field, the water bodys such as river, lake, reservoir, underground water, immediate offshore area are monitored automatically
When, including two kinds of sampling monitoring and in-situ monitoring.Sampling monitoring periodically acquires water sample using automatic sampling system, and monitoring is set
It is standby that water sample is analyzed, there are monitoring cycle is long, moving component power consumption is big, system compared with it is complicated, maintenance is big, pipeline blockage is old
The problems such as change；In-situ monitoring has distinctive advantage, and including monitoring in real time, moving component is few, low in energy consumption, system is succinct, dimension
The advantages that shield amount is small, especially with ultraviolet-visible spectrum carry out water quality in-situ monitoring when, have multi-parameter Synchronization Analysis ability and
Non-secondary pollution.However in actual monitoring application, it is particularly present water environment pollution risk or is carried out on mobile vehicle former
During the monitoring of position, water quality parameter can fluctuate in wide range, and Conventional UV-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring equipment is using fixed light
Situation, short light path when journey, thus measurement range is fixed, general long light path are suitble to the water quality parameter to be in reduced levels are suitble to water quality
Parameter is in situation during higher level, can not meet ideal measure simultaneously when water quality parameter is in higher and reduced levels
Performance, it is even more impossible to the automatic adjusument of light path is carried out under different water quality parameter levels.When water quality parameter is in wide range
It during fluctuation, is measured using a certain fixed light path, measurement performance loss (reducing accuracy, accuracy) may be led to, even
It may lead to data invalid.
Invention content
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a kind of ultraviolet-visible light of adjustable light path applied widely, measuring accuracy is high
Compose in-situ monitoring device.
A kind of ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device of adjustable light path, including monitoring component, light source, collimation lens,
Convergent lens, emitting elements, Flat field concave grating and image detector, the monitoring component have monitoring probe, every
From plate, slide damper and sealing element, the monitoring probe has monitoring chamber, the isolation board and the equal position of the slide damper
In the monitoring intracavitary and the isolation board and the slide damper it is parallel, the slide damper and the isolation board are by institute
State the first sub-chamber, the second sub-chamber and third sub-chamber that monitoring chamber is isolated into sequence distribution successively, the slide damper
Periphery by with it is described monitoring chamber inner wall be engaged, the slide damper can relative to it is described monitoring chamber inner wall move
It is dynamic that adjust the size of second sub-chamber, the isolation board and the slide damper are respectively provided with optical transmission window, it is described every
It is opposite with the optical transmission window on the slide damper from the optical transmission window on plate, connect at each optical transmission window
It is connected to transmission element, for the transmission element for sealing the corresponding optical transmission window, the monitoring probe, which has, is communicated in described the
The recirculation hole of two sub-chamber, the collimation lens be located in first sub-chamber and with the light transmission on the slide damper
Window is opposite, and the light source is located in first sub-chamber and its illumination region is towards the collimation lens, the convergent lens,
The emitting elements and the Flat field concave grating are respectively positioned in the third sub-chamber and sequence is set successively, described
Convergent lens is opposite with the optical transmission window on the isolation board, and the emitting elements have exit slit, the light source hair
It is complete that the light gone out can pass through the collimation lens, the convergent lens, the emitting elements and the flat field concave surface successively
It is projected after ceasing grating to described image detector, described image detector is located in the third sub-chamber to receive from institute
It states Flat field concave grating emergent ray and is imaged.
The light source is xenon lamp or halogen lamp in one of the embodiments,.
Further include driving part in one of the embodiments, the driving part be located in first sub-chamber and
The slide damper is connected to, the driving part is used to that the slide damper to be driven to move relative to the inner wall of the monitoring chamber
It is dynamic.
Further include controller in one of the embodiments, the controller is electrically connected at the driving part, described
Image detector and the light source.
Described image detector is CMOS linear array images detector or CCD linear array images in one of the embodiments,
Detector.
Sealing element is further included in one of the embodiments, and the periphery of the slide damper passes through the sealing element and institute
The inner wall for stating monitoring chamber is engaged, and the slide damper and/or the sealing element can be relative to the inner walls of the monitoring chamber
Move the size to adjust second sub-chamber.
The monitoring probe is in cylindrical shape in one of the embodiments, and the sagittal plane of the monitoring chamber is rounded, institute
It states isolation board and the slide damper is rounded, the sealing element is in a ring.
The collimation lens is connected on the side wall of first sub-chamber in one of the embodiments,.
The convergent lens is connected to the side of the isolation board or the third sub-chamber in one of the embodiments,
On wall.
A kind of multi-parameter water-quality measuring method, includes the following steps：
(1) prison of the ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device of adjustable light path described in any one of claim 1-9
Probing head obtains the ultraviolet-visible light spectrum signal of blank solution and water body to be measured respectively, host computer according to blank solution it is ultraviolet-
Visible spectrum signal I0Actual measurement uv-visible absorption spectra F, following institute are asked for the ultraviolet-visible light spectrum signal I of water body to be measured
Show：
Wherein λminFor minimum wavelength, λmaxFor maximum wavelength；
(2) optical path length d is adjusted according to the absorbance of current actual measurement uv-visible absorption spectra, if extinction is spent
Height then adjusts the position of slide damper to shorten optical path length；If absorbance is too low, the position of slide damper is adjusted to increase
Optical path length, the absorbance of each wavelength can be scaled with light path equal proportion, until actual measurement uv-visible absorption spectra F reaches pre-
If the range of detection and analysis；
(3) according to langbobier law, spectrum unscrambling strategy is designed, actual measurement uv-visible absorption spectra is broken down into the spectrum back of the body
The combination of scape curve and the indicatrix of multiple-quality water parameter, water quality parameter type is including but not limited to total organic carbon (TOC), nitre
Hydrochlorate and turbidity, according to the spectrum unscrambling strategy, design object function is as follows：
Wherein f0(it can be tested and obtained by background water body example) for spectral background curve, fiFor normalized water quality parameter
Indicatrix, d are optical path length, wiFor proportionality coefficient, one group of proportionality coefficient is asked for by making the minimization of object function；
(4) for water quality parameter i, use is a concentration ofStandard sample solution trial and using above-mentioned steps obtain one groupThen in water body to be measured water quality parameter i concentration CiCan calculate it is as follows, to obtain the measurement result of multi-parameter water-quality：
The ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device of above-mentioned adjustable light path when in use, monitoring probe is placed in be measured
In water body, full of water body to be measured in the second sub-chamber, by the way that light source is set to provide illumination, the light that light source is sent out passes through collimation lens
Become collimated light beam after collimation, collimated light beam pass through in the second sub-chamber in water body to be measured, then by convergent lens understand coalescence from
The exit slit of emitting elements projects, and the light that exit slit projects is divided by Flat field concave grating and in image detection
The light intensity signal of different wave length is converted into electric signal, i.e. ultraviolet-visible spectrum, controlled by the photosurface imaging of device, image detector
Device acquisition processed and record ultraviolet-visible light spectrum signal.By mobile slide damper can with change the size of the second sub-chamber come
Change the thickness of the water body to be measured in the second sub-chamber, that is, adjust light path, it can be real-time while underwater in-situ monitoring is not influenced
Light path automatic adjustment is carried out, monitoring efficiency greatly improves, and measuring accuracy is high, applied widely.Sealing element can seal slip
The inner wall of baffle and monitoring chamber, prevents the first sub-chamber from intaking.
The ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device of above-mentioned adjustable light path, passes through the cooperation of actuator and slide damper
The automatic adjustment of light path is realized, light path automatic adjustment, optical length can be carried out in real time while underwater in-situ monitoring is not influenced
Degree can be adjusted according to the absorbance of current actual measurement uv-visible absorption spectra.If absorbance is excessively high, shorten optical length
Degree；If absorbance is too low, increase optical path length, the absorbance of each wavelength can be scaled with light path equal proportion, suitable so as to reach
The range of detection and analysis is closed, can reach ideal measurement performance when water quality parameter is in higher and reduced levels, is met
The needs of more water quality in-situ monitoring applications, it is applied widely.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device schematic diagram of the adjustable light path described in an embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the ultraviolet-ray visible absorbing using the ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device that light path is adjusted shown in Fig. 1
Spectrum spectrum unscrambling strategy schematic diagram.
Reference sign
10th, the ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device of light path is adjusted；100th, monitoring component；110th, monitoring probe；
120th, isolation board；130th, slide damper；140th, the first sub-chamber；150th, the second sub-chamber；160th, third sub-chamber；200th, light
Source；300th, collimation lens；400th, convergent lens；500th, emitting elements；600th, Flat field concave grating；700th, image detection
Device；800th, driving part；900th, controller.
Specific embodiment
For the ease of understanding the present invention, the present invention is described more fully below with reference to relevant drawings.In attached drawing
Give presently preferred embodiments of the present invention.But the present invention can realize in many different forms, however it is not limited to this paper institutes
The embodiment of description.On the contrary, the purpose for providing these embodiments is to make the understanding to the disclosure more thorough
Comprehensively.
It should be noted that when element is referred to as " being fixed on " another element, it can be directly on another element
Or there may also be elements placed in the middle.When an element is considered as " connection " another element, it can be directly connected to
To another element or it may be simultaneously present centering elements.
Unless otherwise defined, all of technologies and scientific terms used here by the article is with belonging to technical field of the invention
The normally understood meaning of technical staff is identical.Term used in the description of the invention herein is intended merely to description tool
The purpose of the embodiment of body, it is not intended that in the limitation present invention.Term as used herein "and/or" includes one or more phases
The arbitrary and all combination of the Listed Items of pass.
Shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment relates to a kind of ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device of adjustable light path
10.The ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device 10 of the adjustable light path includes monitoring component 100, light source 200, collimation lens
300th, convergent lens 400, emitting elements 500, Flat field concave grating 600 and image detector 700.
Shown in Figure 1, monitoring component 100 has monitoring probe 110, isolation board 120, slide damper 130 and sealing
Part.In fig. 1, sealing element is not shown.
Monitoring probe 110 has a monitoring chamber, isolation board 120 and slide damper 130 be respectively positioned on monitoring intracavitary and it is described every
Parallel from plate and the slide damper, slide damper 130 and isolation board 120 are isolated into sequence distribution successively by chamber is monitored
First sub-chamber 140, the second sub-chamber 150 and third sub-chamber 160.The inner wall of the periphery of slide damper 130 and monitoring chamber
It is engaged.Further, the periphery of slide damper 130 is engaged by sealing element with monitoring the inner wall of chamber.Slide damper
130 and/or sealing element can be relative to the inner wall movement of monitoring chamber to adjust the size of the second sub-chamber 150.Isolation board 120 with
And it is respectively provided with optical transmission window on slide damper 130.Optical transmission window on isolation board 120 and the optical transmission window on slide damper 130
Relatively, transmission element is connected at each optical transmission window, transmission element is used to seal corresponding optical transmission window.
Monitoring probe 110 has the recirculation hole for being communicated in the second sub-chamber 150, the size adjustable of recirculation hole, and recirculation hole is set
The purpose put be in order to enable in water body to be measured monitoring probe 100 the second sub-chamber 150 in can be full of water to be measured
Body, the size dimension of recirculation hole can be adjusted according to actual needs.Collimation lens 300 be located in the first sub-chamber 140 and
It is opposite with the optical transmission window on slide damper 130.
Shown in Figure 1, light source 200 is located at 140 interior and its illumination region of the first sub-chamber towards collimation lens 300.It assembles
Lens 400, emitting elements 500 and Flat field concave grating 600 are respectively positioned in third sub-chamber 160 and sequentially set successively
It puts.Convergent lens 400 is opposite with the optical transmission window on isolation board 120.Emitting elements 500 have exit slit.Light source 200 is sent out
Light can to pass through collimation lens 300, circulation groove, convergent lens 400, emitting elements 500 and flat field concave surface successively holographic
Image detector 700 is emitted to after grating 600.
Image detector 700 is located in third sub-chamber 160 to receive 600 emergent ray of Flat field concave grating
And it is imaged.
In one embodiment, light source 200 is xenon lamp or halogen lamp, it can be appreciated that light source 200 can also be other kinds
The lamp of class.
In one embodiment, the ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device 10 of above-mentioned adjustable light path further includes drive
Dynamic component 800, driving part 800 are located in the first sub-chamber 140 and are connected to slide damper 130, and driving part 800 is used to drive
Dynamic slide damper 130 is moved relative to the inner wall of monitoring chamber.Driving part 800 can be electric linear slide unit, screw, motor
Deng.
In one embodiment, the ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device 10 of above-mentioned adjustable light path further includes control
Device 900 processed, controller 900 are electrically connected at driving part 800 and image detector 700.Controller 900 is data acquisition control
Device processed, controller 900 are responsible for control driving part 800 and light source 200, can also acquire the signal of image detector 700 and incite somebody to action
The signal is transferred to host computer.
Further, the ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device 10 of above-mentioned adjustable light path further includes power supply, power supply
For powering to driving part 800, light source 200 and image detector 700.Power supply has water proofing property, supports monitoring probe leaching
Not in different water depths.Host computer (computer or embedded processing module) passes through power supply and data cable and controller
900 connect and communicate, and complete the control to driving part 800 and light source 200 indirectly, and can obtain ultraviolet-visible light spectrum signal.
In one embodiment, image detector 700 is visited for CMOS linear array images detector 700 or CCD linear array images
Survey device 700.
In one embodiment, sealing element is rubber ring.
In one embodiment, for monitoring probe 110 in cylindrical shape, the sagittal plane for monitoring chamber is rounded, isolation board 120 with
And slide damper 130 is rounded, sealing element is in a ring.
In one embodiment, collimation lens 300 is connected on the side wall of the first sub-chamber 140.
In one embodiment, convergent lens 400 is connected on isolation board 120 or the side wall of third sub-chamber 160.
Preferably, transmission element can be transparency glass plate or transparent plastic sheet, each transmission element and corresponding light inlet window
Mouth cooperation avoids water body to be measured from entering the first sub-chamber 140 or the second sub-chamber 150 for sealing corresponding optical transmission window
It is interior.
In one embodiment, Flat field concave grating 600 is connected on the side wall of third sub-chamber 160.
The ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device 10 of above-mentioned adjustable light path, when in use, including following method：
Monitoring probe 110 is placed in water body to be measured, full of water body to be measured in the second sub-chamber 150, by setting light source
200 provide illumination, and the light that light source 200 is sent out becomes collimated light beam after the collimation of collimation lens 300, and collimated light beam passes through second
Water body to be measured in sub-chamber 150, then projected by the meeting coalescence of convergent lens 400 from the exit slit of emitting elements 500, outgoing
The light that slit projects is divided by Flat field concave grating 600 and is imaged in the photosurface of image detector 700, and image is visited
It surveys device 700 and the light intensity signal of different wave length is converted into electric signal, i.e. ultraviolet-visible spectrum, controller 900 acquires and record purple
Outside-visible spectrum signal.Second son can be changed to change the size of the second sub-chamber 150 by mobile slide damper 130
The thickness of water body to be measured in chamber 150, that is, adjust light path, can carry out light path in real time while underwater in-situ monitoring is not influenced
Automatic adjustment, monitoring efficiency greatly improve, and measuring accuracy is high, applied widely.Sealing element can seal slide damper 130 with
The inner wall of chamber is monitored, prevents the first sub-chamber 140 from intaking.
Host computer may be used carries out multi-parameter water-quality survey after the ultraviolet-visible light spectrum signal that monitoring probe 100 obtains
Amount, multi-parameter water-quality measuring method step are as follows：
(1) host computer obtains ultraviolet-visible light spectrum signal respectively when monitoring probe is placed in blank solution and water body to be measured,
Host computer is according to the ultraviolet-visible light spectrum signal I of blank solution0It asks for surveying with the ultraviolet-visible light spectrum signal I of water body to be measured
Uv-visible absorption spectra F, it is as follows：
Wherein λminFor minimum wavelength, λmaxFor maximum wavelength.
(2) optical path length d can be adjusted according to the absorbance of current actual measurement uv-visible absorption spectra.If absorbance
It is excessively high, then shorten optical path length；If absorbance is too low, increase optical path length.The absorbance of each wavelength can be with the ratios such as light path
Example scaling, until actual measurement uv-visible absorption spectra F reaches the range of suitable detection and analysis.
(3) according to langbobier law, spectrum unscrambling strategy shown in Fig. 2 is designed, actual measurement uv-visible absorption spectra is decomposed
Combination for spectral background curve and the indicatrix of multiple-quality water parameter.Water quality parameter type is including but not limited to institute in Fig. 2
Total organic carbon (TOC), nitrate and the turbidity shown.According to this spectrum unscrambling strategy, design object function is as follows：
Wherein f0(it can be tested and obtained by background water body example) for spectral background curve, fiFor normalized water quality parameter
Indicatrix (can test acquisition) by standard sample solution under the conditions of 1cm light paths, and d is optical path length (unit is centimetre),
wiFor proportionality coefficient.Proportionality coefficient w in object functioniFor variable, steepest descent method, genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization can be used and calculate
The methods of method, solves the minimum value of object function, i.e., uv-visible absorption spectra is carried out using multi-parameter water-quality indicatrix
Fitting.Record the proportionality coefficient w corresponding to object function minimum valuei, one group is asked for by making the minimization of object function
Proportionality coefficient.
(4) for water quality parameter i, use is a concentration ofStandard sample solution trial and using above-mentioned steps obtain one
GroupThen in water body to be measured water quality parameter i concentration CiIt can calculate as follows：
So as to obtain the measurement result of multi-parameter water-quality.
Above-mentioned multi-parameter water-quality measuring method has following two advantageous effects：
(1) measuring method considers the indicatrix of multiple-quality water parameter, using the indicatrix pair of multi-parameter water-quality
Uv-visible absorption spectra, which is fitted, asks for proportionality coefficient, and further obtains multi-parameter water-quality concentration by proportionality coefficient
Value.
(2) measuring method consider can dynamic change optical path length, water can be carried out using different optical path lengths
The calculating of matter multi-parameter concentration value.
The ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device 10 of above-mentioned adjustable light path, parameter distance when in use are as follows：It adopts
With the flicker xenon source 200 (output wavelength ranging from 185nm to 2000nm) of power 5W, 600 (work of Flat field concave grating
Make wave-length coverage as 200nm to 800nm), 700 (the response wave length scope 200nm of CMOS linear array images detector of 512 channels
To 1000nm), electric linear slide unit (maximum drive speed be 10mm/s), obtaining uv-visible absorption spectra resolution ratio is
3nm, the optical path length adjustable range of realization is 2mm to 30mm.It is right using light path automatic adjustment and multi-parameter water-quality quantitative approach
In mixed solution 1 (TOC 8mg/L, nitrate 4mg/L, turbidity 10NTU, using light path 20cm) and 2 (TOC of mixed solution
For 32mg/L, nitrate 16mg/L, turbidity 40NTU, using light path 0.5cm) each water quality parameter accuracy of measurement it is equal
3% is superior to better than ± 6%, measurement reproducibility, it is seen then that the ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device of above-mentioned adjustable light path
10 can realize multi-parameter water-quality wide scope, high performance quantitative analysis, can be applied to river, lake, reservoir, underground water, offshore
The real-time in-situ monitoring of the water bodys such as marine site and pollution prewarning.
The ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device 10 of above-mentioned adjustable light path passes through actuator and slide damper 130
Cooperation realizes the automatic adjustment of light path, can carry out light path automatic adjustment, light in real time while underwater in-situ monitoring is not influenced
Cheng Changdu can be adjusted according to the absorbance of current actual measurement uv-visible absorption spectra.If absorbance is excessively high, shorten light path
Length；If absorbance is too low, increase optical path length, the absorbance of each wavelength can be scaled with light path equal proportion, so as to reach
It is suitble to the range of detection and analysis, can reaches ideal measurement performance when water quality parameter is in higher and reduced levels, it is full
The needs of the more water quality in-situ monitoring applications of foot, it is applied widely.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, to make description succinct, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, it is all considered to be the range of this specification record.
Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the present invention, and description is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Cannot the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention therefore be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the guarantor of the present invention
Protect range.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device of adjustable light path, which is characterized in that including monitoring component, light source,
Collimation lens, convergent lens, emitting elements, Flat field concave grating and image detector, the monitoring component have prison
Probing head, isolation board, slide damper and sealing element, the monitoring probe have monitoring chamber, the isolation board and the cunning
Dynamic baffle is respectively positioned on the monitoring intracavitary and the isolation board and the slide damper are parallel, the slide damper and described
The monitoring chamber is isolated into the first sub-chamber, the second sub-chamber and the third sub-chamber of sequence distribution successively, institute by isolation board
The periphery of slide damper is stated by being engaged with the inner wall of the monitoring chamber, the slide damper can be relative to the monitoring
To adjust the size of second sub-chamber, the isolation board and the slide damper are respectively provided with light inlet window for the inner wall movement of chamber
Mouthful, the optical transmission window on the isolation board is opposite with the optical transmission window on the slide damper, each light transmission
Transmission element is respectively connected at window, for sealing the corresponding optical transmission window, the monitoring probe has to be connected the transmission element
Pass through the recirculation hole of second sub-chamber, the collimation lens be located in first sub-chamber and on the slide damper
The optical transmission window it is opposite, the light source is located in first sub-chamber and its illumination region is towards the collimation lens, institute
State convergent lens, the emitting elements and the Flat field concave grating be respectively positioned on it is in the third sub-chamber and suitable successively
Sequence is set, and the convergent lens is opposite with the optical transmission window on the isolation board, and the emitting elements have exit slit,
The light that the light source is sent out can pass through the collimation lens, the convergent lens, emitting elements and described successively
After Flat field concave grating project to described image detector, described image detector be located in the third sub-chamber with
It from the Flat field concave grating emergent ray and is imaged in reception.
2. the ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device of adjustable light path according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Light source is stated as xenon lamp or halogen lamp.
3. the ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device of adjustable light path according to claim 1, which is characterized in that also
Including driving part, the driving part is located in first sub-chamber and is connected to the slide damper, the driving portion
Part is used to that the slide damper to be driven to move relative to the inner wall of the monitoring chamber.
4. the ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device of adjustable light path according to claim 3, which is characterized in that also
Including controller, the controller is electrically connected at the driving part, described image detector and the light source.
5. the ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device of the adjustable light path according to claim 1-3 any one, special
Sign is that described image detector is CMOS linear array images detector or CCD linear array images detectors.
6. the ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device of the adjustable light path according to claim 1-3 any one, special
Sign is, further includes sealing element, and the periphery of the slide damper is contacted by the sealing element with the inner wall of the monitoring chamber matches
It closes, the slide damper and/or the sealing element can adjust second son relative to the inner wall movement of the monitoring chamber
The size of chamber.
7. the ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device of adjustable light path according to claim 6, which is characterized in that institute
Monitoring probe is stated in cylindrical shape, the sagittal plane of the monitoring chamber is rounded, and the isolation board and the slide damper are in
Circle, the sealing element is in a ring.
8. the ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device of the adjustable light path according to claim 1-3 any one, special
Sign is that the collimation lens is connected on the side wall of first sub-chamber.
9. the ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device of the adjustable light path according to claim 1-3 any one, special
Sign is that the convergent lens is connected on the isolation board or the side wall of the third sub-chamber.
10. a kind of multi-parameter water-quality measuring method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) monitoring of the ultraviolet-visible spectrum in-situ monitoring device of adjustable light path described in any one of claim 1-9 is visited
Head obtains the ultraviolet-visible light spectrum signal of blank solution and water body to be measured respectively, and host computer is according to the ultraviolet-visible of blank solution
Spectral signal I0Actual measurement uv-visible absorption spectra F is asked for the ultraviolet-visible light spectrum signal I of water body to be measured, it is as follows：
Wherein λminFor minimum wavelength, λmaxFor maximum wavelength；
(2) optical path length d is adjusted according to the absorbance of current actual measurement uv-visible absorption spectra, if absorbance is excessively high,
The position of slide damper is adjusted to shorten optical path length；If absorbance is too low, the position of slide damper is adjusted to increase light path
Length, the absorbance of each wavelength can be scaled with light path equal proportion, until actual measurement uv-visible absorption spectra F reaches default inspection
The range surveyed and analyzed；
(3) according to langbobier law, spectrum unscrambling strategy is designed, actual measurement uv-visible absorption spectra is broken down into spectral background song
The combination of line and the indicatrix of multiple-quality water parameter, water quality parameter type is including but not limited to total organic carbon (TOC), nitrate
And turbidity, according to the spectrum unscrambling strategy, design object function is as follows：
Wherein f0(it can be tested and obtained by background water body example) for spectral background curve, fiFor normalized water quality parameter feature
Curve, d are optical path length, wiFor proportionality coefficient, one group of proportionality coefficient is asked for by making the minimization of object function；
(4) for water quality parameter i, use is a concentration ofStandard sample solution trial and using above-mentioned steps obtain one group
Then in water body to be measured water quality parameter i concentration CiCan calculate it is as follows, to obtain the measurement result of multi-parameter water-quality：
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