CN108207721A - A kind of mixed cultivation method of Procambius clarkii intercropping loach - Google Patents
A kind of mixed cultivation method of Procambius clarkii intercropping loach Download PDFInfo
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- CN108207721A CN108207721A CN201611144208.6A CN201611144208A CN108207721A CN 108207721 A CN108207721 A CN 108207721A CN 201611144208 A CN201611144208 A CN 201611144208A CN 108207721 A CN108207721 A CN 108207721A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of mixed cultivation methods of Procambius clarkii intercropping loach.Cultural method includes the following steps：(1) transformation and construction in pond；(2) water plant is planted；(3) seed is put in a suitable place to breed；(4) bait feeding；(5) water plant is managed and protected；(6) regulating and controlling water quality；(7) disease control；(8) shrimp crab is caught.Method using the present invention cultivates Procambius clarkii, and risk is small, high efficiency, by intercropping loach, can greatly improve the economic benefit of pond culture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture fields, and in particular to the mixed cultivation method of Procambius clarkii and loach.
Background technology
Procambius clarkii is also red crayfish or freshwater crayfish.Procambius clarkii be distributed in shell-fish it is most wide external
Species.Procambius clarkii forms in local environment when its omnivorousness, the speed of growth are fast, adaptable absolute competing
Strive advantage.
The Procambius clarkii bodily form is larger cylindrical, is shrimp maximum in the world.Crust is hard thick, and carapace is slightly flat-sided, preceding
Lateral margin is not healed in addition to Nephropidae with epistome, and lateral margin is not also healed with chest plastron and thorax appendage base portion.It is because build is than it
His Freshwater shrimps are big, meat also relatively more and delicious meat reasons, and are made into a variety of cookings.It is most edible value
Freshwater lobster kind, annual output account for the 70-80% of entire freshwater lobster yield.
Loach is containing good protein, fat, vitamin A, vitamin B1, niacin, iron, phosphorus, calcium etc..Its is sweet in flavor, mild-natured, has
Kidney production of sperm effect is supported in tonifying middle-Jiao and Qi.There is preferable effect to adjusting sexual function.Containing a kind of specific proteins in loach, there is promotion
Spermiogenesis tail acts on.Man often eats loach can nourishing and fit keeping function.
Invention content
For this purpose, provided by the invention be designed to provide a kind of mixed cultivation method of Procambius clarkii intercropping loach.
To achieve the above object, cultivation step is as follows：
(1) transformation and construction in pond, pond are in East and West direction, and bottom of pond is smooth, and available depth 1.5m, slope is than 1: 2.5, pond
Soil property is loam, is equipped with microporous pipeline ooxygenation facility, drains water, remove excessive mud (staying silt 10cm), and freezes solarization 10 days, with
Aoxidize bottom organic matter.Full pool spilling head sterilizes after being watered slurrying with quick lime 200kg per acre again.
(2) water plant is planted, and waterweed is cut into length about 15cm~20cm's by late January (after lime disinfection 15 days)
Segment is uniformly inserted in strip-type, East and West direction kind in bottom of pond, and bandwidth 1m is spaced 10m, sows seeds segment length 30cm's in item is spaced
Huang Sicao.Late March broadcasts sowing 1.4kg hydrilla verticillatas gemma and 0.17kg noodles grass-seeds per acre.Early June, in water plant gap
Place, reseeds a hydrilla verticillata and waterweed.
(3) seed is put in a suitable place to breed, mid-March, the stocking size Procambius clarkii physical strong, disease-free and injury-free for 2400/kg
15kg/ mus of seed；Mid-April, intercropping appendage is complete, movable quick, specification 135/kg or so self-fertile loach kind 700
Only/mu.
(4) bait feeding, it is March~June, average to feed pellet and greenfeed of the protein content 36% daily.7
After month, into the reinforced cultivating loach stage emphatically, bait is used alternatingly based on wild fishes and particulate material, average daily
Feed the pellet of wild fishes or protein content 30%~32%.
(5) water plant is managed and protected, the first tenday period of a month in May, and waterweed has been carried out to cut stubble processing, that is, has cut off water plant top, protects waterweed
Hold 20cm~30cm under water.After cutting stubble, the rest between waterweed reseeds hydrilla verticillata, ensure that high temperature season water plant
Coverage rate up to more than 70%.
(6) regulating and controlling water quality, late Febuary~April, using biological organic fertilizer 3 times, each dosage is 25kg/ mus, April
Just, live body spiral shell 500kg is launched per acre, and bottom of pond remaining bait is eaten with filter, July~September part, with reference to water quality, water temperature situation of change,
It is average once a week, with 2kg/ mus of substrate modifier or with 500mL/ mus of effective microorganisms(EM), be watered full pool spilling head, micropore opened when splashing
Pipeline ooxygenation facility, meanwhile, it is stringent to control pond water level, spring in 40cm~50cm, 5~June 60cm~80cm, 7~August
100cm~120cm, September part are controlled in 100cm or so later.
(7) disease control, the first tenday period of a month in May are watered full pool spilling head for net 2009/ mu with fine worm, after 3 days, continuously feed containing in 2%
The pharmaceutical chemistry of ‰ trichomonas net of herbal medicine and l 4 days after bai-u rainy period, is sprinkled with the full pond of the Operand of l% pour disinfection per acre.
(8) shrimp crab is caught, and the habit of elevation angle climbing is unable to using cray, by the demifacet cage tip 30cm wide of common cage
The hard plastic board of degree is twisted along cage tip mouth patch net.Cage opening is placed during fishing, and the demifacet for having plastic plate leans on approximately level lower,
Loach into cage can voluntarily climb out of along the netted cage tip of top half, and cray is then stayed in cage, and late April uses this
Kind self-control cage catching crayfishes, mid-August, fishing terminated；Loach is caught, and at the beginning of 11 months, loach is caught with reference to gradually being covered with cage
Listing, early December thoroughly do the pool and capture loach.
Further, the shrimp seedling described in step (3) is put in a suitable place to breed, and putting shrimp seedling specification in a suitable place to breed should be up to 0.8~1.0 centimetre of shrimp species specification
It is first to put shrimp seedling that the same pool mouthful stocking sizes of reasonable should be answered to answer consistent shrimp seedlings stocking method in 3 centimetres or more breeding density
Is slowly added a small amount of water to water in basin temperature close with water water temperature and adds in food by 3%~4% concentration in into plastic tub
Salt allow shrimp seedling dipping bath disinfection 3~after five minutes be slowly put into pond along pool side again.
Further, the feedstuff feeding described in step (4), the protein content that the juvenile prawn stage feeds mixed feed should be greater than
30%. should daily feed 2 times into shrimp aquaculture stage forage protein content more than 26%, and respectively feed 1 morning in the morning at dusk
Is fed before going out in 13 fall behind at dusk in 13 and feed the 70% of 13 feeding volumes are accounted for for main to feed at dusk：Daily ration of feeding mainly according to
It is determined according to pool lobster total weight is deposited.After 3~April and October, daily ration of feeding is l%~3%：5~October is dragon
Shrimp normal growth season daily ration of feeding for the general weather of 5% or so it is fine when should feed more, high temperature is sultry, continuous rainy weather
Or it is then fed less during water quality overrich
Further, the formula of step (4) described greenfeed is：30% pumpkin, 30% broad bean, 40% corn.
Further, the composition proportion of step (4) described pellet is：Fishing powder 5%, soya-bean cake 35%, rapeseed cake 10%, wheat
Bran 10%, wheat-middlings 40%.
Further, water plant involved in step (5) is planted and should adhere to accounting for 40% with waterweed, other water plants add up to
60% principle is accounted for, waterweed coverage rate in pond is made to reach 70%~80%, it is found that water plant is reduced will reseed in time.
Further, oxygenation automatic controller involved in step (6) monitors pond dissolved oxygen situation, July, by it in real time
Oxygenation section is set as 4mg/L~5mg/L, and less than 4mg/L when voluntarily starts aerator, and increasing is automatically closed in higher than 5mg/L when
Oxygen machine makes pond dissolved oxygen remain at 5mg/L or so.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) by taking 45 mu of ponds as an example, pond area is 45*667 square metres, and pond is in East and West direction, and bottom of pond is smooth, effective water
Deep 1.5m, than 1: 2.5, pond soil property is loam, is equipped with microporous pipeline ooxygenation facility, at the beginning of 1 month, drains water, removed on slope
More mud (staying silt 10cm), and freeze solarization 10 days, to aoxidize bottom organic matter.It is complete after being watered slurrying with quick lime 200kg per acre again
Pond is splashed disinfection.
(2) waterweed is cut into the segment of length 20cm, in strip-type, thing by late January (after lime disinfection 15 days)
To uniformly slotting kind in bottom of pond, bandwidth 1m is spaced 10m, the Huang Sicao of the spaced interior segment length 30cm that sows seeds of item.Late March, per acre
Broadcast sowing 1.4kg hydrilla verticillatas gemma and 0.17kg noodles grass-seeds.Early June, in water plant gap location, reseed a hydrilla verticillata and
Waterweed.
(3) mid-March, the stocking size Procambius clarkii seed 15kg/ physical strong, disease-free and injury-free for 2400/kg
Mu；Mid-April, intercropping appendage is complete, movable quick, specification 135/kg or so 700/mu of self-fertile loach kind.
(4) it is March~June, average to feed pellet 80kg and greenfeed 10kg of the protein content 36% daily.7
After month, into the reinforced cultivating loach stage emphatically, bait is used alternatingly based on black carp grass carp and particulate material, average every
It feeds the pellet 140kg of wild fishes 160kg or protein content 32%.
(5) the first tenday period of a month in May have carried out waterweed to cut stubble processing, that is, have cut off water plant top, waterweed is made to keep under water
30cm.After cutting stubble, the rest between waterweed reseeds hydrilla verticillata, ensure that the coverage rate of high temperature season water plant up to 70%
More than.
(6) it using biological organic fertilizer 3 times, at the beginning of each dosage is 25kg/ mus, 4 months, throws per acre late Febuary~April
Body spiral shell 500kg is let live, bottom of pond remaining bait is eaten with filter, with reference to water quality, water temperature situation of change, is averaged weekly July~September part
Once, with 2kg/ mus of substrate modifier or with 500mL/ mus of effective microorganisms(EM), full pool spilling head is watered, microporous pipeline oxygenation is opened when splashing
Facility, meanwhile, it is stringent to control pond water level, spring in 40cm, 5~June 60cm, 7~August 120cm, September part controls later
In 100cm or so.
(7) the first tenday period of a month in May are watered full pool spilling head for net 2009/ mu with fine worm, after 3 days, continuously feed containing 2% Chinese herbal medicine and l ‰
The pharmaceutical chemistry of trichomonas net 4 days after bai-u rainy period, is sprinkled with the full pond of the Operand of l% pour disinfection per acre.
(8) shrimp crab is caught, and the habit of elevation angle climbing is unable to using cray, by the demifacet cage tip 30cm wide of common cage
The hard plastic board of degree is twisted along cage tip mouth patch net.Cage opening is placed during fishing, and the demifacet for having plastic plate leans on approximately level lower,
Loach into cage can voluntarily climb out of along the netted cage tip of top half, and cray is then stayed in cage, and late April uses this
Kind self-control cage catching crayfishes, mid-August, fishing terminated；Loach is caught, and at the beginning of 11 months, loach is caught with reference to gradually being covered with cage
Listing, early December thoroughly do the pool and capture loach.
The ecological efficient cultivation that the example has carried out Procambius clarkii shrimp ponds intercropping loach in 45 mu of cultivating pools is attempted,
Vending articles cray 9307kg altogether realizes 20.75 ten thousand yuan of the output value, and merchandising crab 2756kg realizes 19.68 ten thousand yuan of the output value,
On the basis of aquaculture cost is removed, 23.06 ten thousand yuan of benefit is obtained altogether, mu benefit reaches 5124 yuan.
Passing through culture experiment, it was demonstrated that the cultural method can effectively improve the output capacity of Procambius clarkii, while loach
Output capacity is also greatly promoted with the factor of merit, and the effective purpose that increasing both production and income is realized using the confined space has walked out an ecology
The new approach of agricultural.
It should be noted that the present invention will be described rather than limits the invention for above-described embodiment, and this
Field technology personnel can design alternative embodiment without departing from the scope of the appended claims.In claim
In, any reference mark between bracket should not be configured to limitations on claims.Word "comprising" is not excluded for depositing
In element or step not listed in the claims.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of mixed cultivation method of Procambius clarkii intercropping loach, which is characterized in that cultivation step is as follows：
(1) transformation and construction in pond, pond are in East and West direction, and bottom of pond is smooth, available depth 1.5m, and slope is than 1: 2.5, pond soil property
For loam, microporous pipeline ooxygenation facility is equipped with, water is drained, removes excessive mud (staying silt 10cm), and freeze solarization 10 days, with oxidation
Bottom organic matter.Full pool spilling head sterilizes after being watered slurrying with quick lime 200kg per acre again.
(2) water plant is planted, late January (after lime disinfection 15 days), and waterweed is cut into the segment of length about 15cm~20cm,
In strip-type, uniform slotting kind of East and West direction in bottom of pond, bandwidth 1m is spaced 10m, the yellow silk of the spaced interior segment length 30cm that sows seeds of item
Grass.Late March broadcasts sowing 1.4kg hydrilla verticillatas gemma and 0.17kg noodles grass-seeds per acre.Early June in water plant gap location, mends
Hydrilla verticillata of kind and waterweed.
(3) seed is put in a suitable place to breed, mid-March, the stocking size Procambius clarkii seed physical strong, disease-free and injury-free for 2400/kg
15kg/ mus；Mid-April, intercropping appendage is complete, movable quick, specification 135/kg or so 700/mu of self-fertile loach kind.
(4) bait feeding, it is March~June, average to feed pellet and greenfeed of the protein content 36% daily.July
After, into the reinforced cultivating loach stage emphatically, bait is used alternatingly based on wild fishes and particulate material, average to feed daily
The pellet of wild fishes or protein content 30%~32%.
(5) water plant is managed and protected, the first tenday period of a month in May, and waterweed has been carried out to cut stubble processing, that is, has cut off water plant top, is maintained at waterweed
Underwater 20cm~30cm.After cutting stubble, the rest between waterweed reseeds hydrilla verticillata, ensure that covering for high temperature season water plant
Lid rate is up to more than 70%.
(6) regulating and controlling water quality, late Febuary~April, using biological organic fertilizer 3 times, at the beginning of each dosage is 25kg/ mus, 4 months, often
Mu launches live body spiral shell 500kg, and bottom of pond remaining bait is eaten with filter, July~September part, average with reference to water quality, water temperature situation of change
Once a week, with 2kg/ mus of substrate modifier or with 500mL/ mus of effective microorganisms(EM), full pool spilling head is watered, microporous pipeline is opened when splashing
Ooxygenation facility, meanwhile, it is stringent to control pond water level, spring in 40cm~50cm, 5~June 60cm~80cm, 7~August
100cm~120cm, September part are controlled in 100cm or so later.
(7) disease control, the first tenday period of a month in May are watered full pool spilling head for net 2009/ mu with fine worm, after 3 days, continuously feed containing 2% Chinese herbal medicine
With the pharmaceutical chemistry 4 days of ‰ trichomonas net of l, after bai-u rainy period, sprinkled with the full pond of the Operand of l% pour disinfection per acre.
(8) shrimp crab is caught, and the habit of elevation angle climbing is unable to using cray, by the demifacet cage tip 30cm width of common cage
Hard plastic board is twisted along cage tip mouth patch net.Cage opening is placed during fishing, and the demifacet for having plastic plate leans on approximately level lower, enters
The loach of cage can voluntarily climb out of along the netted cage tip of top half, and cray is then stayed in cage, late April i.e. with it is such oneself
Cage catching crayfishes processed, mid-August, fishing terminated；Loach is caught, and at the beginning of 11 months, is caught on loach with reference to gradually being covered with cage
City, early December thoroughly do the pool and capture loach.
2. a kind of mixed cultivation method of Procambius clarkii intercropping loach according to claim 1, wherein, the greenfeed
Formula be：30% pumpkin, 30% broad bean, 40% corn.
3. a kind of mixed cultivation method of Procambius clarkii intercropping loach according to claim 1, wherein, the particle is raised
The composition proportion of material is：Fishing powder 5%, soya-bean cake 35%, rapeseed cake 10%, wheat bran 10%, wheat-middlings 40%.
4. a kind of mixed cultivation method of Procambius clarkii intercropping loach according to claim 1, wherein, cray intercropping
Loach pond water plant plantation should adhere to accounting for 40% with waterweed, other water plants add up to account for 60% principle, make Yi Le in pond
Algae coverage rate reaches 70%~80%, it is found that water plant is reduced will reseed in time.
5. a kind of mixed cultivation method of Procambius clarkii intercropping loach according to claim 1, wherein, oxygenation automatic controller
Monitoring pond dissolved oxygen situation in real time, is set as 4mg/L~5mg/L July by its oxygenation section, and less than 4mg/L when voluntarily opens
Aerator is automatically closed in dynamic aerator, higher than 5mg/L when, and pond dissolved oxygen is made to remain at 5mg/L or so.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN109644911A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-04-19 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | A kind of red claw crayfish-grass carp-hydrilla verticillata ecology synthesis breeding method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109644911A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-04-19 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | A kind of red claw crayfish-grass carp-hydrilla verticillata ecology synthesis breeding method |
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