A kind of cultural method of the efficient high yield of summer black grape
Technical field
The present invention relates to summer black wine-growing correlative technology field, the cultivations of the efficient high yield of more particularly to a kind of summer black grape
Method.
Background technology
Grape is as global important cultivation fruit, and in southern hemisphere and northern hemisphere, fruit and processed goods are deep by wide for plantation extensively
Big consumer's likes, creates huge economic benefit.As the improvement of people's living standards, fruit market is to Portugal both at home and abroad
The requirement of grape is higher and higher, and the fresh food and dry more than 90% grape of system of U.S.'s consumption are seedless varieties, and China currant disappears
Expense is existing also just to be increased year by year, and the currant that fruit is big, color and luster is beautiful, flavor is good has increasingly become the first choice of people.Summer black grape
It is the triploid Franco-american that Japan cultivates, introduces China within 1998, the kind growth potential is strong, germination rate is high, fruit ear is neat,
Appearance purple is black, pure sweet and tasty mouth, has strong strawberry aroma, and fresh food quality is first-class, have in addition it is precocious, disease-resistant, get bumper crops and resistance to storage
The advantages that fortune is one of China's seedless Table Grape most with prospects.
In grape cultivation and management technology, spacing in the rows is excessively near, and soil layer arrangement is unreasonable, and fertigation efficiency is low, vintage
It is not high.During grape growth, easily fallen by insect, birdseed, the phenomenon that overspray pesticide is more, and yield is caused to decline.Cause
This, the cultural method for inventing a kind of efficient high yield of black grape of summer is necessary to solve the above problems.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultural method of the efficient high yield of black grape of summer, to solve above-mentioned background technology
The problem of middle proposition.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical solution:A kind of cultural method of the efficient high yield of summer black grape,
Include the following steps:
Step 1:Addressing is ditched:It selects smooth topography, traffic convenience, irrigation and drainage timely regional, then carries out ditching, dig
A plurality of ditch sets the barrier of ditch respectively along the inner wall of every bar ditch, and barrier is encircled into field planting ditch;
Step 2:Seedbed soil is configured:Admixed in soil 30~60 parts of chicken manure, 13~17 parts of soyabean cake, 6~8 parts of humic acid,
5~9 parts of borax and water 15~25 parts (by mass percentage), obtain matrix soil;
Step 3:Plantation:The grape seed of selection is maintained at the distance of 45~55cm in planting pit with spacing in the rows and line-spacing
It is inside sowed, the uniform spreading of obtained matrix soil is covered into grape seed in field planting ditch;
Step 4:Scaffolding:When grape seedlings length is to 0.4~0.6 meter, stalks mulching and straw around grape seedlings, simultaneously
In the top of planting pit with steelframe canopy is built, last layer plastic film is covered in the top of steelframe;
Step 5:Fertilising:The sprinkling that urea and composite fertilizer are carried out to grape root in 3~5 days weekly, rudiment fertilizer are blooming 10
It applies within~13 days, per acre 15~20 kilograms of application of organic fertilizers, weekly 2~4 water sprays, 50~double centner of spraying water per acre, fruit-promoting fertilizer
In young fruit first time expanding stage, per acre using 200~250 kilograms of fowl and animal excrement, in young fruit period to fructescence, in grape leaf
Face sprinkling trace element;
Step 6:Trim twig:Each fruitful branch only stays a flower spike, dredges within 8~12 days before blooming and goes under secondary fringe and secondary fringe
Fulcrum stays 2~4 centimeters of small ear points, and the following sublateral shoot of fruit ear is all erased, and stays 2~5 leaf pinching repeatedly under pinching mouth, fruit ear with
Upper sublateral shoot stays that single leaf is without offspring, and tendril is all erased;
Step 7:Expand processing:Fruit ear is dipped with swelling agent 3~5 seconds, carry out disposable in the full blossom later stage of summer black grape
Induction improves the fruit quality of summer black grape;
Step 8:Bagging:The bagging in summer black grape fruit soybean grain size needs whole fringe before bagging, dredges grain, spraying sterilization
Agent, insecticide and quick-acting calcium, bagging time morning dew do after to the ground for before the dusk, avoiding temperature highest period and direct sunlight
Side.
Preferably, the field planting ditch width in the step 1 is 0.4~0.6 meter.
Preferably, the temperature in the step 4 in steelframe canopy is controlled between 23~27 DEG C.
Preferably, the swelling agent in the step 7 is the admixing medical solutions of GA3100mg/L+CPPU 10mg/L.
Preferably, the bagging in the step 8 is to grow 27~29cm, the paper bag of wide 20~22cm.
The technique effect and advantage of the present invention:The present invention, can be with reasonable arrangement irrigation water, Portugal by being provided with a plurality of field planting ditch
Stalks mulching and straw around grape seedling can keep soil temperature and having additional nutrients, applying organic manure improvement soil, promote fruit into
It is long, vintage can be increased substantially, improve the quality and mouthfeel of fruit, in grape foliage spray trace element, ensured
Grape head is in the same size;It is in close relations with toeatment period that currant expands effect, and relatively early processing can promote to bear fruit, but easily
The problems such as generating fruitlet, cob bending, the present invention catches this tricky time in full blossom later stage disposably to be induced, and makes swelling agent
The efficiency used significantly improves, and largely reduces manpower and materials consumption, so as to reduce production cost, increases economic effect
Benefit;By the present invention in that reducing the usage amount of pesticide with bagging fruit retention, environmental pollution, the vintage cultivated are reduced
Height has significant economic benefit;Present invention process is simple, and operability is strong, has good society generalization application.
Specific embodiment
The technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is common
Technical staff's all other embodiments obtained without making creative work belong to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of cultural method of the efficient high yield of summer black grape, includes the following steps:
Step 1:Addressing is ditched:It selects smooth topography, traffic convenience, irrigation and drainage timely regional, then carries out ditching, dig
A plurality of ditch sets the barrier of ditch respectively along the inner wall of every bar ditch, and barrier is encircled into field planting ditch, and field planting ditch width is 0.4 meter;
Step 2:Seedbed soil is configured:Admixed in soil 30 parts of chicken manure, 13 parts of soyabean cake, 6 parts of humic acid, 5 parts of borax and
Water 15 parts (by mass percentage), obtains matrix soil;
Step 3:Plantation:By the grape seed of selection with spacing in the rows and line-spacing be maintained at the distance of 45cm in planting pit into
The uniform spreading of obtained matrix soil is covered grape seed by row sowing in field planting ditch;
Step 4:Scaffolding:When grape seedlings length is to 0.4 meter, stalks mulching and straw around grape seedlings, while be colonized
With steelframe canopy is built, the temperature in the top of steelframe covering last layer plastic film, steelframe canopy is controlled at 23 DEG C for the top in cave
Between;
Step 5:Fertilising:The sprinkling that urea and composite fertilizer are carried out to grape root in 3~5 days weekly, rudiment fertilizer are blooming 10
It applies within~13 days, 15 kilograms of application of organic fertilizers, spray water 2 times a week per acre, spray water 50 kilograms per acre, and fruit-promoting fertilizer is in young fruit first time
Expanding stage, it is micro- in grape foliage spray in young fruit period to fructescence per acre using 200 kilograms of fowl and animal excrement;
Step 6:Trim twig:Each fruitful branch only stays a flower spike, blooms first 8 days to dredge and removes fulcrum under secondary fringe and secondary fringe,
2 centimeters of small ear points are stayed, the following sublateral shoot of fruit ear is all erased, and 2 leaf pinching repeatedly are stayed under pinching mouth, and fruit ear more than sublateral shoot stays list
Leaf is without offspring, and tendril is all erased;
Step 7:Expand processing:Fruit ear is dipped with swelling agent 3 seconds, disposably lured in the full blossom later stage of summer black grape
It leads, improves the fruit quality of summer black grape, swelling agent is the admixing medical solutions of GA3100mg/L+CPPU 10mg/L;
Step 8:Bagging:The bagging in summer black grape fruit soybean grain size needs whole fringe before bagging, dredges grain, spraying sterilization
Agent, insecticide and quick-acting calcium, bagging time morning dew do after to the ground for before the dusk, avoiding temperature highest period and direct sunlight
Side, bagging be long 27cm, the paper bag of wide 20cm.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of cultural method of the efficient high yield of summer black grape, includes the following steps:
Step 1:Addressing is ditched:It selects smooth topography, traffic convenience, irrigation and drainage timely regional, then carries out ditching, dig
A plurality of ditch sets the barrier of ditch respectively along the inner wall of every bar ditch, and barrier is encircled into field planting ditch, and field planting ditch width is 0.5 meter;
Step 2:Seedbed soil is configured:Admixed in soil 45 parts of chicken manure, 15 parts of soyabean cake, 7 parts of humic acid, 8 parts of borax and
Water 20 parts (by mass percentage), obtains matrix soil;
Step 3:Plantation:By the grape seed of selection with spacing in the rows and line-spacing be maintained at the distance of 50cm in planting pit into
The uniform spreading of obtained matrix soil is covered grape seed by row sowing in field planting ditch;
Step 4:Scaffolding:When grape seedlings length is to 0.5 meter, stalks mulching and straw around grape seedlings, while be colonized
With steelframe canopy is built, the temperature in the top of steelframe covering last layer plastic film, steelframe canopy is controlled at 25 DEG C for the top in cave
Between;
Step 5:Fertilising:The sprinkling that urea and composite fertilizer are carried out to grape root in 4 days, rudiment fertilizer are being bloomed 12 days weekly
Using 17 kilograms of application of organic fertilizers, spray water 3 times a week per acre, spray water 75 kilograms per acre, and fruit-promoting fertilizer expands for the first time in young fruit
It is phase, micro- in grape foliage spray in young fruit period to fructescence per acre using 220 kilograms of fowl and animal excrement;
Step 6:Trim twig:Each fruitful branch only stays a flower spike, blooms first 10 days to dredge and goes under secondary fringe and secondary fringe to prop up
Axis stays 3 centimeters of small ear points, and the following sublateral shoot of fruit ear is all erased, and 4 leaf pinching repeatedly are stayed under pinching mouth, and fruit ear more than sublateral shoot is equal
Stay that single leaf is without offspring, and tendril is all erased;
Step 7:Expand processing:Fruit ear is dipped with swelling agent 4 seconds, disposably lured in the full blossom later stage of summer black grape
It leads, improves the fruit quality of summer black grape, swelling agent is the admixing medical solutions of GA3100mg/L+CPPU 10mg/L;
Step 8:Bagging:The bagging in summer black grape fruit soybean grain size needs whole fringe before bagging, dredges grain, spraying sterilization
Agent, insecticide and quick-acting calcium, bagging time morning dew do after to the ground for before the dusk, avoiding temperature highest period and direct sunlight
Side, bagging be long 28cm, the paper bag of wide 21cm.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of cultural method of the efficient high yield of summer black grape, includes the following steps:
Step 1:Addressing is ditched:It selects smooth topography, traffic convenience, irrigation and drainage timely regional, then carries out ditching, dig
A plurality of ditch sets the barrier of ditch respectively along the inner wall of every bar ditch, and barrier is encircled into field planting ditch, and field planting ditch width is 0.6 meter;
Step 2:Seedbed soil is configured:Admixed in soil 60 parts of chicken manure, 17 parts of soyabean cake, 8 parts of humic acid, 9 parts of borax and
Water 25 parts (by mass percentage), obtains matrix soil;
Step 3:Plantation:By the grape seed of selection with spacing in the rows and line-spacing be maintained at the distance of 55cm in planting pit into
The uniform spreading of obtained matrix soil is covered grape seed by row sowing in field planting ditch;
Step 4:Scaffolding:When grape seedlings length is to 0.6 meter, stalks mulching and straw around grape seedlings, while be colonized
With steelframe canopy is built, the temperature in the top of steelframe covering last layer plastic film, steelframe canopy is controlled at 27 DEG C for the top in cave
Between;
Step 5:Fertilising:The sprinkling that urea and composite fertilizer are carried out to grape root in 5 days, rudiment fertilizer are being bloomed 13 days weekly
Using 20 kilograms of application of organic fertilizers, spray water 4 times a week per acre, double centner of spraying water per acre, and fruit-promoting fertilizer expands for the first time in young fruit
It is phase, micro- in grape foliage spray in young fruit period to fructescence per acre using 250 kilograms of fowl and animal excrement;
Step 6:Trim twig:Each fruitful branch only stays a flower spike, blooms first 12 days to dredge and goes under secondary fringe and secondary fringe to prop up
Axis stays 4 centimeters of small ear points, and the following sublateral shoot of fruit ear is all erased, and 5 leaf pinching repeatedly are stayed under pinching mouth, and fruit ear more than sublateral shoot is equal
Stay that single leaf is without offspring, and tendril is all erased;
Step 7:Expand processing:Fruit ear is dipped with swelling agent 5 seconds, disposably lured in the full blossom later stage of summer black grape
It leads, improves the fruit quality of summer black grape, swelling agent is the admixing medical solutions of GA3100mg/L+CPPU 10mg/L;
Step 8:Bagging:The bagging in summer black grape fruit soybean grain size needs whole fringe before bagging, dredges grain, spraying sterilization
Agent, insecticide and quick-acting calcium, bagging time morning dew do after to the ground for before the dusk, avoiding temperature highest period and direct sunlight
Side, bagging be long 29cm, the paper bag of wide 22cm.
The summer black grape that efficient high yield can be planted out by above three groups of embodiments, wherein embodiment two ancient name for China black Portugal
The cultivation technique of grape is best, the yield highest of summer black grape;Applying organic manure of the present invention improves soil, promotes fruit growth, can
Vintage is increased substantially, improves the quality and mouthfeel of fruit, in grape foliage spray trace element, ensures grape
It is in the same size;This tricky time in full blossom later stage is caught disposably to be induced, significantly improves the efficiency that swelling agent uses,
Largely reduce manpower and materials consumption, so as to reduce production cost, increase economic benefit;Subtracted by using bagging fruit retention
The usage amount of pesticide is lacked, has reduced environmental pollution, the vintage cultivated is high, there is significant economic benefit.
Finally it should be noted that:The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention,
Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, still may be used
To modify to the technical solution recorded in foregoing embodiments or carry out equivalent replacement to which part technical characteristic,
All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.