CN108200668A - Control method, device, storage medium and the processor of electric heater - Google Patents
Control method, device, storage medium and the processor of electric heater Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108200668A CN108200668A CN201711279530.4A CN201711279530A CN108200668A CN 108200668 A CN108200668 A CN 108200668A CN 201711279530 A CN201711279530 A CN 201711279530A CN 108200668 A CN108200668 A CN 108200668A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- electric heater
- voltage
- converted
- difference
- target
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
- H05B1/0227—Applications
- H05B1/023—Industrial applications
- H05B1/0236—Industrial applications for vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
- H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of control method of electric heater, device, storage medium and processors.This method includes：Obtain the first difference between the actual temperature of electric heater and target temperature；The target voltage that electric heater needs when heated is determined according to the first difference；The virtual voltage of electric heater is converted into target voltage.By the present invention, achieve the effect that improve the control efficiency of electric heater.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric heater field, in particular to a kind of control method of electric heater, device, storage
Medium and processor.
Background technology
At present, the electrical heating of positive temperature coefficient (Positive Temperature Coefficient, referred to as PTC)
Device can provide heating for car.And ptc heater is generally in a manner that D.C. contactor is directly connected, by high voltage power supply
It is connected directly with the component of PTC electric heater so that high voltage power supply is powered to PTC electric heater.
But according to the bigger characteristic of ptc heater temperature more high value, current spike can initially be generated by powering on, above-mentioned
Method can cause very big dash current in powered on moment, D.C. contactor be damaged so larger, can damage first device for a long time
Part；It is also possible to that expendable destruction can be caused to on-vehicle battery group Inner electrolysis matter；And fixed input voltage, which corresponds to, to be fixed
Quantity of heat given up, the output of ptc heater is dumb, be easy to cause in this way heating to car input it is uneven, car neglect it is cold neglect
Heat happens；In addition, giving PTC power supplies in a manner that D.C. contactor is opened, turned off, voltage change is very when off
Greatly, the adhesion of D.C. contactor is be easy to cause, so as to which the power supply of PTC cannot be effectively disconnected from, PTC be in turn resulted in and persistently adds
Heat, vehicle energy temperature continues to rise, there are security risk, thus there are the control efficiency of electric heater it is low the problem of.
It is low for the control efficiency of the prior art for solving the problems, such as electric heater, effective solve not yet is proposed at present
Scheme.
Invention content
It is a primary object of the present invention to provide a kind of control method of electric heater, device, storage medium and processor,
At least to solve the problems, such as that the control efficiency of electric heater is low.
To achieve these goals, according to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of control method of electric heater.It should
Method includes：Obtain the first difference between the actual temperature of electric heater and target temperature；Determine that electricity adds according to the first difference
The target voltage that hot device needs when heated；The virtual voltage of electric heater is converted into target voltage.
Optionally, the target voltage that determine electric heater according to the first difference needs when heated includes：To the first difference
Proportional integration adjusting is carried out, obtains the first adjusting result；Determine target voltage corresponding with the first adjusting result.
Optionally, the virtual voltage of electric heater is converted into target voltage to include：Obtain the virtual voltage of electric heater
The second difference between target voltage；Virtual voltage is converted by target voltage according to the second difference.
Optionally, virtual voltage is converted into target voltage according to the second difference to include：Ratio product is carried out to the second difference
Divide and adjust, obtain the second adjusting result；Virtual voltage is converted by target voltage according to the second adjusting result.
Optionally, proportional integration adjusting is carried out to the second difference, obtains the second adjusting result and include：Second difference is carried out
Proportional integration is adjusted, and obtains duty cycle signals, wherein, second, which adjusts result, includes duty cycle signals；Result is adjusted according to second
Virtual voltage is converted into target voltage to include：Duty cycle signals and echo signal are compared, obtain pulse signal；According to
Pulse signal control virtual voltage is converted into target voltage.
Optionally, virtual voltage is converted into target voltage according to the second adjusting result to include：It determines to adjust with second and tie
The corresponding voltage of fruit；The corresponding voltage of the second adjusting result is converted by DC-to-dc converter, obtains target electricity
Pressure.
Optionally, before the first difference between the actual temperature of electric heater and target temperature is obtained, this method is also
Including：In the case where semiconductor switch device is connected, control power supply is powered to electric heater, wherein, semiconductor switch device
It is connected with electric heater, the buffer circuit being connected with semiconductor switch device is used to that semiconductor switch device to be inhibited to be connected
When current-rising-rate.
Optionally, in the case where semiconductor switch device is connected, control power supply includes to electric heater power supply：Partly leading
In the case of body switch device conductive, charge of the control power supply on the capacitance being connected with semiconductor switch device passes through electricity
Resistance release, to power to electric heater, wherein, buffer circuit includes the first buffer circuit and the second buffer circuit, the first buffering
Circuit includes capacitance and resistance, and the second buffer circuit inhibits semiconductor switch by the inductance being connected with semiconductor switch device
Current-rising-rate of the device in conducting.
Optionally, after the virtual voltage of electric heater is converted into target voltage, this method further includes：In semiconductor
In the case that switching device disconnects, control power supply stops powering to electric heater, wherein, it is connected with semiconductor switch device
Buffer circuit is used to inhibit voltage build-up rate of the semiconductor switch device when disconnecting.
Optionally, in the case where semiconductor switch device disconnects, control power supply stops including to electric heater power supply：
In the case that semiconductor switch device disconnects, the electric current on electric heater is controlled to be shunted to capacitance, so that power supply stops adding to electricity
Hot device power supply, wherein, buffer circuit includes capacitance, and capacitance is used to that voltage of the semiconductor switch device when disconnecting to be inhibited to rise
Rate.
Optionally, after the virtual voltage of electric heater is converted into target voltage, this method further includes：In electrical heating
In the case that the operating current of device is more than the rated current of electric heater, control power supply stops powering to electric heater；And/or
In the case that electric current on the busbar of electric heater is more than target current threshold value, what at least disconnection was connected with electric heater partly leads
Body switching device.
Optionally, before the virtual voltage of electric heater is converted into target voltage, this method further includes：Acquisition will adopt
The virtual voltage that the voltage collected is converted to by DC-to-dc converter.
Optionally, the virtual voltage packet for being converted to collected voltage by DC-to-dc converter is obtained
It includes：Obtain DC voltage；DC voltage by DC-to-dc converter is converted, obtains virtual voltage.
To achieve these goals, according to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of control device of electric heater is additionally provided.
The device includes：Acquiring unit, for obtaining the first difference between the actual temperature of electric heater and target temperature；It determines single
Member, for determining target voltage that electric heater needs when heated according to the first difference；Conversion unit, for by electric heater
Virtual voltage be converted into target voltage.
To achieve these goals, according to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of storage medium is additionally provided.The storage medium
Program including storage, wherein, equipment performs the electrical heating of the embodiment of the present invention where controlling storage medium when program is run
The control method of device.
To achieve these goals, according to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of processor is additionally provided.The processor is used for
Program is run, wherein, the control method of the electric heater of execution embodiment of the present invention when program is run.
To achieve these goals, according to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of electric heater of vehicle is additionally provided.The electricity
Heater includes the control device of the electric heater of the embodiment of the present invention
In embodiments of the present invention, using the first difference between the actual temperature and target temperature for obtaining electric heater；
The target voltage that electric heater needs when heated is determined according to the first difference；The virtual voltage of electric heater is converted into target
Voltage.Due to the input voltage by adjusting electric heater, the output temperature of electric heater is made to follow target temperature so as to reach
Purpose, the temperature of flexible modulation electric heater, while can inhibit the appearance of current spike solves the control effect of electric heater
The problem of rate is low, and then achieved the effect that improve the control efficiency of electric heater.
Description of the drawings
The attached drawing for forming the part of the application is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, schematic reality of the invention
Example and its explanation are applied for explaining the present invention, is not constituted improper limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the control method of electric heater according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of schematic diagram of the circuit connection of PTC electric heater according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of structure diagram of control system for PTC heater according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the signal for the PTC temperature regulating and controlling systems that a kind of band according to embodiments of the present invention powers on buffer circuit
Figure；
Fig. 5 is a kind of schematic diagram of comfort level-temperature curve according to embodiments of the present invention；And
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the control device of electric heater according to embodiments of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the application can phase
Mutually combination.The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
In order to which those skilled in the art is made to more fully understand application scheme, below in conjunction in the embodiment of the present application
The technical solution in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described in attached drawing, it is clear that described embodiment is only
The embodiment of the application part, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, ordinary skill people
Member's all other embodiments obtained without making creative work should all belong to the model of the application protection
It encloses.
It should be noted that term " first " in the description and claims of this application and above-mentioned attached drawing, "
Two " etc. be the object for distinguishing similar, and specific sequence or precedence are described without being used for.It should be appreciated that it uses in this way
Data can be interchanged in the appropriate case, so as to embodiments herein described herein.In addition, term " comprising " and " tool
Have " and their any deformation, it is intended that cover it is non-exclusive include, for example, containing series of steps or unit
Process, method, system, product or equipment are not necessarily limited to those steps or unit clearly listed, but may include without clear
It is listing to Chu or for the intrinsic other steps of these processes, method, product or equipment or unit.
Embodiment 1
The embodiment of the present invention improves a kind of control method of electric heater.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the control method of electric heater according to embodiments of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, the party
Method includes the following steps：
Step S102 obtains the first difference between the actual temperature of electric heater and target temperature.
Above-mentioned steps S102 of the present invention provide technical solution in, electric heater can be PTC electric heater, Ke Yiyong
Within air-conditioning systems, for example, in the air-conditioning system of vehicle, which can be bus, electric vehicle etc., not do herein
Any restrictions.The actual temperature of electric heater is obtained, the actual temperature of electric heater, the detection can be detected by detection unit
Unit can be temperature sensor, for example, acquiring the actual temperature of electric heater, the actual temperature by infrared temperature sensor
Reflect the temperature for being presently in environment.
After the actual temperature for obtaining electric heater, the between the actual temperature of electric heater and target temperature is obtained
One difference, the target temperature can be the reference temperature on " comfort level-temperature " curve being fitted in advance, can be according to vehicle
The parameters such as interior set temperature and the outer temperature of vehicle are adjusted to obtain.By actual temperature and target temperature compare make it is poor, so as to must
To the first difference, that is, obtaining the temperature gap between actual temperature and target temperature.
Step S104 determines the target voltage that electric heater needs when heated according to the first difference.
In the technical solution provided in above-mentioned steps S104 of the present invention, the actual temperature of electric heater and target temperature are being obtained
After the first difference between degree, the target voltage that electric heater needs when heated is determined according to the first difference.
Optionally, the first difference of the embodiment is proportional integration ((Proportion Integration, referred to as PI)
The input of adjuster in temperature control loop, handles the first difference by differential proportion adjustment algorithm, obtains electrical heating
The target voltage that device needs when heated, the target voltage are the control voltage that electric heater needs when heated, can conduct
For adjusting the reference voltage of the virtual voltage of electric heater.
The virtual voltage of electric heater is converted into target voltage by step S106.
In the technical solution provided in above-mentioned steps S106 of the present invention, determining that electric heater is heating according to the first difference
When the target voltage that needs after, the virtual voltage of electric heater is converted into target voltage.
The virtual voltage of the electric heater of the embodiment can detect to obtain by detection unit, for example, passing through centre
Reason device (Central Processing Unit, referred to as CPU) carrys out real-time sampling and is converted to loading by DC-DC converter
Virtual voltage at PTC electric heater both ends, the DC-DC converter can be Buck-Boost DC-DC converters.Due to electricity
The supply voltage of heater is generally high direct voltage, is arbitrarily needed by controlling DC-DC converter that can realize in a certain range
The input voltage for the electric heater asked.
Optionally, obtain electric heater virtual voltage after, in voltage control loop, can obtain virtual voltage with
Voltage difference between target voltage adjusts algorithm by PI and voltage difference is handled, for example, adjusting algorithm pair by PI
Voltage difference is handled, and obtains the duty cycle signals in the range of 0~1, then by duty cycle signals and amplitude be 1, the period is several
The signal that the triangular-wave generator of ten KHz generates is compared, the pulse width modulation (Pulse of output control switch pipe
Width Modulation, referred to as PWM) pulse signal, the virtual voltage of electric heater is converted into target voltage, the mesh
It is corresponding with target temperature to mark voltage so that the virtual voltage of electric heater input follows target voltage to change, and then realizes defeated
Go out the purpose that temperature value follows target temperature to change.
The PI algorithm periods of the temperature control loop of the embodiment are far longer than the PI algorithm periods of voltage control loop, thus,
The voltage at electric heater both ends can be accurately controlled, so that the temperature fluctuation on electric heater is very small, and then
It can ensure the mild variation of interior heat, while the appearance of current spike can be inhibited, rush of current can be well solved,
The precision of vehicle interior temperature control is improved, improves the efficiency of heating surface and the safety of electric heater, is brought for user more good
Experience.
The embodiment is by using the first difference between the actual temperature and target temperature for obtaining electric heater；According to
One difference determines the target voltage that electric heater needs when heated；The virtual voltage of electric heater is converted into target voltage.
Due to the input voltage by adjusting electric heater, so as to reach the mesh that the output temperature of electric heater is made to follow target temperature
, the temperature of flexible modulation electric heater, while the appearance of current spike is can inhibit, the control efficiency for solving electric heater is low
The problem of, and then achieved the effect that improve the control efficiency of electric heater
As an alternative embodiment, step S104, electric heater needs when heated are determined according to the first difference
Target voltage include：Proportional integration adjusting is carried out to the first difference, obtains the first adjusting result；It determines to adjust result with first
Corresponding target voltage.
In this embodiment, it is right after the first difference between the actual temperature of electric heater and target temperature is obtained
First difference carries out proportional integration adjusting, can be adjusted using the first difference as the input of temperature pi regulator by temperature PI
Device adjusts algorithm using PI and the first difference is handled.The corresponding signal of first difference obtains ratio by proportion weighted and increases
Benefit obtains storage gain using integral element, and the two is added first exported together as PI links and adjusts as a result, and then really
Fixed target voltage corresponding with the first adjusting result, reference voltage of the target voltage as voltage control loop.Temperature PI is adjusted
Device can control the difference between actual temperature and target temperature in the range of very little, so as to stablize controlled volume, that is, surely
Determine actual temperature.
Include as an alternative embodiment, the virtual voltage of electric heater is converted into target voltage：Obtain electricity
The second difference between the virtual voltage and target voltage of heater；Virtual voltage is converted by target electricity according to the second difference
Pressure.
The embodiment is controlled when the virtual voltage of electric heater is converted into target voltage using target voltage as voltage
The reference quantity of ring obtains the second difference between the virtual voltage of electric heater and target voltage, that is, obtain virtual voltage and
Voltage difference between target voltage.Using second difference as the input of voltage PI regulator, pass through voltage PI regulator profit
Algorithm is adjusted with PI to handle the second difference, the virtual voltage of electric heater is converted into target voltage, so that electric
The virtual voltage of heater input follows target voltage to change, and realizes the purpose that output temperature value follows target temperature to change, from
And realize from software control, by bicyclic PI control algolithms, enhance the reliability that temperature accurately controls.
Include as an alternative embodiment, virtual voltage is converted into target voltage according to the second difference：To
Two differences carry out proportional integration adjusting, obtain the second adjusting result；Virtual voltage is converted by target according to the second adjusting result
Voltage.
In this embodiment, it is right after the second difference between the virtual voltage and target voltage for obtaining electric heater
Second difference carries out proportional integration adjusting, can be adjusted using the second difference as the input of voltage PI regulator by voltage PI
Device adjusts algorithm using PI and the second difference is handled.The corresponding signal of second difference can be compared by proportion weighted
Example gain obtains storage gain using integral element, the two be added the second adjusting for export together as PI links as a result, into
And virtual voltage is converted by target voltage according to the second adjusting result.The voltage PI regulator of the embodiment can be by practical temperature
Spend target temperature between difference control in the range of very little, so as to stablize the virtual voltage of electric heater, realize from
In software control, by bicyclic PI control algolithms, enhance the reliability that temperature accurately controls.
As an alternative embodiment, carrying out proportional integration adjusting to the second difference, the second adjusting result packet is obtained
It includes：Proportional integration adjusting is carried out to the second difference, obtains duty cycle signals, wherein, second, which adjusts result, includes duty cycle signals；
Virtual voltage is converted into target voltage according to the second adjusting result to include：Duty cycle signals and echo signal are compared,
Obtain pulse signal；Virtual voltage is controlled to be converted into target voltage according to pulse signal.
The embodiment is carrying out proportional integration adjusting to the second difference, when obtaining the second adjusting result, passes through voltage PI tune
It saves device and proportional integration adjusting is carried out to the second difference, the duty cycle signals in the range of 0~1 can be obtained.It is adjusted according to second
When virtual voltage as a result being converted into target voltage, duty cycle signals and echo signal are compared, obtain pulse signal, it should
Echo signal can be the signal that the triangular-wave generator that amplitude is 1, the period is tens KHz generates, which can be
For controlling the pwm pulse signal of switching tube, and then virtual voltage is converted by target voltage according to pulse signal.
Include as an alternative embodiment, virtual voltage is converted into target voltage according to the second adjusting result：
Determine voltage corresponding with the second adjusting result；The corresponding voltage of result is adjusted to second by DC-to-dc converter to carry out
Conversion, obtains target voltage.
DC-to-dc converter can be used for boost or depressurization, finally reach burning voltage output.The embodiment is in basis
When virtual voltage is converted into target voltage by the second adjusting result, it may be determined that voltage corresponding with the second adjusting result passes through
DC-to-dc converter is controlled, the corresponding voltage of the second adjusting result is converted, and then obtain stablizing the target electricity of output
Pressure, realizes the purpose that virtual voltage is converted to target voltage so that the virtual voltage of electric heater input follows target electric
Pressure, and then realize the actual temperature of output more with the variation of given target temperature.
As an alternative embodiment, in step S102, obtain electric heater actual temperature and target temperature it
Between the first difference before, this method further includes：In the case where semiconductor switch device is connected, power supply is controlled to electric heater
Power supply, wherein, semiconductor switch device is connected with electric heater, and the buffer circuit being connected with semiconductor switch device is used for
Inhibit current-rising-rate of the semiconductor switch device in conducting.
In this embodiment, it from hardware controls, is connect using semiconductor switch device instead of the direct current of tradition machinery formula
Tentaculum employs the electric heating controlling method with buffer circuit.Obtain electric heater actual temperature and target temperature it
Between the first difference before, semiconductor switch device be connected in the case of, control power supply to electric heater power.The semiconductor
The conducting of switching device is pulse controlled by chip, and power supply can be high voltage direct current DC power supply, can be passed through by power supply group
Power-supply management system distribution voltage obtains, the power supply also DC power supply to power for low-voltage, high-current.The embodiment is partly led
Body switching device is connected with buffer circuit, can be switching tube, which utilizes the characteristic that inductive current cannot be mutated
The current-rising-rate of suppression device can be RCD buffer circuits and di/dt suppression circuits with pooling feature.
In the case where semiconductor switch device is connected, since buffer circuit is used to that semiconductor switch device to be inhibited to be connected
When current-rising-rate so that the electric current on electric heater can slowly rise, early powered on so as to avoid in electric heater
Initially lead to the problem of heavy current impact.
As an alternative embodiment, in the case where semiconductor switch device is connected, power supply is controlled to electrical heating
Device power supply includes：In the case where semiconductor switch device is connected, control power supply is in the electricity being connected with semiconductor switch device
Charge in appearance, is discharged by resistance, to power to electric heater, wherein, buffer circuit includes the first buffer circuit and second
Buffer circuit, the first buffer circuit include capacitance and resistance, and the second buffer circuit is by being connected with semiconductor switch device
Inductance inhibits current-rising-rate of the semiconductor switch device in conducting.
The buffer circuit of the embodiment includes the first buffer circuit, which can be RCD buffer circuits,
In, including resistance R, diode D and capacitance C, it is connected after resistance R, diode D parallel connections with capacitance C.In semiconductor switch device
In the case of conducting, charge of the control power supply on the capacitance being connected with semiconductor switch device is discharged by resistance, makes half
The electric current that conductor switching device is led first rises a stage, and the first buffer circuit includes above-mentioned resistance and capacitance.In addition, buffering electricity
Road further includes the second buffer circuit, which can be di/dt suppression circuits, which includes and half
The inductance that conductor switching device is connected, due to the presence by the inductance, according to the principle that inductive circuit cannot be mutated, electric current meeting
Gradually slowly rise, so as to inhibit current-rising-rate of the semiconductor switch device in conducting, avoid in electric heater morning
Electricity initially leads to the problem of heavy current impact.
As an alternative embodiment, after the virtual voltage of electric heater is converted into target voltage, the party
Method further includes：In the case where semiconductor switch device disconnects, control power supply stops powering to electric heater, wherein, with partly leading
The buffer circuit that body switching device is connected is used to inhibit voltage build-up rate of the semiconductor switch device when disconnecting.
It is traditional since by the way of D.C. contactor, voltage change ratio (du/dt) is very big when off, be easy to cause
D.C. contactor adhesion.When disconnecting electric conductor switching device, control power supply stops heating to electric heater the embodiment, utilizes
The voltage build-up rate of characteristic suppression device that the capacitance voltage of buffer circuit cannot be mutated, is connected at this time with semiconductor switch device
The buffer circuit connect is used to inhibit voltage build-up rate of the semiconductor switch device when disconnecting.
The embodiment is by the shutdown of chip Pulse Width Control semiconductor switch device, can be contacted in this way than use direct current
The mode that device is mechanically turned off is relatively reliable, and so as to avoid the occurrence of adhesion, electricity cannot be effectively disconnected from by avoiding
The power supply of heater in turn results in electric heater continuous heating, and temperature is made to continue to rise, there are problems that security risk.
As an alternative embodiment, in the case where semiconductor switch device disconnects, control power supply stops to electricity
Heating installation power supply includes：In the case where semiconductor switch device disconnects, the electric current on electric heater is controlled to be shunted to capacitance, with
Power supply is made to stop powering to electric heater, wherein, buffer circuit includes capacitance, and capacitance is used to inhibit semiconductor switch device disconnected
Voltage build-up rate when opening.
The embodiment control power supply stop power to electric heater when semiconductor switch device disconnection in the case of,
The electric current on electric heater is controlled to be shunted to the capacitance of buffer circuit, bearing on semiconductor switch device is added in so as to alleviate
Load, it is suppressed that voltage build-up rate of the semiconductor switch device when disconnecting finally so that power supply stops powering to electric heater, is kept away
The occurrence of having exempted from adhesion.
As an alternative embodiment, after the virtual voltage of electric heater is converted into target voltage, the party
Method further includes：In the case where the operating current of electric heater is more than the rated current of electric heater, control power supply stops to electricity
Heating installation power supply；And/or in the case that the electric current on the busbar of electric heater is more than target current threshold value, at least disconnect and electricity
The semiconductor switch device that heater is connected.
The control method of the electric heater of the embodiment, employs hardware protection and mode that software protection is combined.
On hardware protection, electric heater operating current be more than electric heater rated current in the case of, control power supply stop to
Electric heater is powered, for example, using the recoverable overcurrent protective tube of Fuse Type, when the electric current on electric heater is excessively high, is more than
During the rated operational current of electric heater, due to heating functioin, the fuse in overcurrent protective tube can fuse, so as to cut off electricity
The power supply supply of heater, control power supply stop powering to electric heater；In software protection, on the busbar of electric heater
In the case that electric current is more than target current threshold value, the semiconductor switch device being connected with electric heater is at least disconnected, for example, mesh
Mark current threshold is protective current threshold value, and the adverse effect that rear end no-load condition Down Highway voltage steeply rises in order to prevent can
It is compared with acquiring the electric current on busbar in real time with protective current threshold value, when electric current is more than protective current threshold value, shutdown half
Conductor switching device is simultaneously stopped the pwm pulse signal for controlling other switching tubes, is supplied so as to cut off the power supply of electric heater
It gives, control power supply stops powering to electric heater, realizes using the overcurrent protective tube that can restore formula automatically, will sample electric current
Value is compared with rotection thresholds, triggers hardware protection and software protection, the power Transmission of control system increase electric heater
The safety of control.
As an alternative embodiment, before the virtual voltage of electric heater is converted into target voltage, the party
Method further includes：Obtain the virtual voltage for being converted to collected voltage by DC-to-dc converter.
In this embodiment, before the virtual voltage of electric heater is converted into target voltage, electric heater is acquired
Collected supply voltage can be converted to electric heater by DC-to-dc converter and input by supply voltage Vdc
Virtual voltage, so as to fulfill the input voltage of the electric heater of arbitrary demand in a certain range.
Collected voltage is converted by DC-to-dc converter as an alternative embodiment, obtaining
Obtained virtual voltage includes：Obtain DC voltage；DC voltage by DC-to-dc converter is converted, obtains reality
Border voltage.
In this embodiment, the supply voltage of electric heater is DC voltage, can be high direct voltage, is size (voltage
Do not change (in relative Repeat) at any time with direction (positive and negative anodes) just), or the low-voltage, high-current of DC power supply.
DC voltage by DC-to-dc converter is converted, obtains virtual voltage, for example, the supply voltage of electric heater is
High direct voltage by controlling DC-to-dc converter, can realize the input electricity of the electric heater of arbitrary demand in a certain range
Pressure.
The embodiment can be the electric heater temperature adjustment control method of High Voltage Power Supply.This method on the one hand mainly from
In the case of solving High Voltage Power Supply on hardware, the electric heater initial power-on stage generates very big rush of current, influences system electricity
The problem of road is safe；On the other hand from software control, by bicyclic PI control algolithms, enhancing temperature accurately controls reliable
Property, and increase sample rate current over-current detection technology, using the strategy of hardware protection combination software protection, improve electric heater control
The safety of system improves the efficiency of electric heater control.
It should be noted that step shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be in such as a group of computer-executable instructions
It is performed in computer system, although also, show logical order in flow charts, it in some cases, can be with not
The sequence being same as herein performs shown or described step.
Embodiment 2
Technical scheme of the present invention is illustrated with reference to preferred embodiment, specifically with PTC electric heater
It is illustrated.
The embodiment is used with the PTC electric heating controlling methods for powering on buffer circuit, and hardware protection, software protection are two-tube
Under neat, the D.C. contactor of tradition machinery formula can be replaced with semiconductor switch device, is pressed down using RCD buffer circuits and di/dt
Circuit processed can well solve the influence of high voltage supply type PTC electric heater initial power-on rush of current, improve electric heater
The safety coefficient of control；And using double PI ring adjuster control algolithms, by acquiring human comfort and environment inside car temperature
Data and curves, and Buck-Boost DC-DC converters are utilized, dynamic control loads the voltage at PTC both ends, improves temperature
The precision of control makes the quantity of heat given up of PTC electric heater that demand be followed flexibly to be adjusted, and increases comfort level, greatlys improve use
It experiences by bus at family；The embodiment also using formula overcurrent protective tube can be restored automatically, will sample PTC current values and rotection thresholds into
Row compares, and triggers hardware protection and software protection, the power Transmission of control system, so as to increase PTC electric heater control
Safety.
The above method is illustrated below.
Fig. 2 is a kind of schematic diagram of the circuit connection of PTC electric heater according to embodiments of the present invention.As shown in Fig. 2,
DC/DC DC-to-dc converters are connected with PTC electric heater.The supply voltage Vdc of PTC electric heater is generally direct current height
Pressure, by controlling DC/DC DC-to-dc converters, can realize the input of the PTC electric heater of arbitrary demand in a certain range
Voltage.
Fig. 3 is a kind of structure diagram of control system for PTC heater according to embodiments of the present invention.It as shown in figure 3, should
The outer shroud of PTC electric heater control system is temperature control loop, passes through the target temperature value to PTC electric heater and PTC electricity
Temperature gap between the actual temperature of heater carries out PI adjustings by pi regulator, and the target for exporting PTC electric heater is defeated
Enter voltage；Inner ring is voltage control loop, by pi regulator to the target input voltage value and actual voltage value of PTC electric heater
Between voltage difference carry out PI adjustings, control DC/DC converters so that PTC electric heater input virtual voltage follow mesh
Mark voltage is changed, and then realizes the purpose that output temperature value more changes with given temperature value, improves electric heater control
Efficiency.Wherein, the target temperature of PTC electric heater can be adjusted according to the parameters such as temperature outside interior set temperature and vehicle
Section, PTC actual temperature values and actually enters voltage value and can be obtained by detection unit.
Fig. 4 is the signal for the PTC temperature regulating and controlling systems that a kind of band according to embodiments of the present invention powers on buffer circuit
Figure.As shown in figure 4, it is powered using DC power supply to PTC electric heater.Wherein, direct current DC power can be by battery pack by electricity
Management system distribution voltage is obtained.The embodiment may be used high voltage direct current DC power supply and power to PTC electric heater,
It can be powered with the DC power supply that low-voltage, high-current is powered to PTC electric heater.
In hardware controls, traditional PTC temperature regulating and controlling systems in a manner that D.C. contactor is opened, is turned off to
PTC electric heater is powered, and in this way when D.C. contactor is opened, electric current rises rapidly, since du/dt is very big during shutdown, easily
The adhesion of D.C. contactor is caused, so as to which the power supply of PTC cannot be effectively disconnected from, in turn results in PTC continuous heatings, it is interior
Temperature continues to rise, and there are security risks.The embodiment employs RCD buffer circuits and di/dt inhibition with pooling feature
On the one hand the switching tube of circuit instead of traditional D.C. contactor, can improve the initial power-on stage, due to front end height in this way
The presence of pressure, and the influence of the heavy current impact generated；On the other hand, it can prevent direct current from connecing in PTC electric heater break-make
The adhesion of tentaculum.Wherein, the RCD buffer circuits with pooling feature include resistance Rs, capacitance Cs and diode Ds, wherein, electricity
It connects after resistance Rs and diode Ds is in parallel with capacitance Cs.
When opening switching tube Q1, the charge on capacitance Cs is discharged by resistance Rs, make electric current on switching tube Q1 first on
It rises a stage, later because there is the presence that di/dt inhibits inductance L1, according to the principle that inductive current cannot be mutated, therefore it is negative
Carrying electric current gradually can slowly rise, and avoiding to open the impact of instantaneous large-current in this way influences.
In on-off switching tube Q1, stop heating to PTC electric heater, load current can be shunted to Cs, so as to alleviate
The burden being added on switching tube Q1.It, in this way can be than passing through due to being opening and turning off by chip Pulse Width Control switching tube Q1
The mechanical control of D.C. contactor is opened, the mode that turns off is relatively reliable, so as to avoid the occurrence of adhesion.
In software control, the temperature of the PTC electric heater of the embodiment is accurately controlled in a manner that double PI are adjusted.Its
In, outer shroud is temperature control loop, and inner ring is voltage control loop.First, it in temperature control loop, is acquired using temperature sensor
Actual temperature in PTC electric heater, for example, using infrared temperature sensor acquisition PTC electric heater on actual temperature with
It is poor to be compared work for the reference temperature on " comfort level --- temperature " curve for be fitted in advance, using temperature gap as temperature PI
The input of adjuster, temperature pi regulator are handled temperature gap by PI algorithms, obtain " control voltage " using as electricity
Press control ring reference quantity.In voltage control is changed, CPU real-time samplings exist by the loading that Buck-Boost DC-DC are converted
The virtual voltage at PTC both ends makees poor, voltage difference conduct electricity with being compared by " control voltage " that temperature control loop obtains
The input of pi regulator is pressed, voltage PI regulator handles voltage difference by PI algorithms, can obtain in the range of 0~1
Duty cycle signals, then the signal generated with signal generator by comparing device COMP is compared, for example, can be with sawtooth wave
The signal that generator generates is compared, and can also be 1 with amplitude, the signal that the period is the generation of tens KHz triangular-wave generators
It is compared, so as to the pwm pulse signal of output control switch pipe Q2.
The embodiment is far longer than the period of the PI algorithms of voltage control loop due to the period of the PI algorithms of temperature control loop,
Therefore, the voltage at PTC electric heater both ends can be controlled accurately, and the temperature fluctuation of PTC electric heater can be very small.
Fig. 5 is a kind of schematic diagram of comfort level-temperature curve according to embodiments of the present invention.As shown in figure 5, describe people
The curve of body comfort level and environment temperature numerical relation, wherein, the unit of comfort level is " % ", and the unit of temperature is temperature
“℃”.When environment temperature is between 23~25 DEG C, human body sensory the most comfortable, when comfort level may be up to more than 90%；In environment
Temperature is relatively low, at 15 DEG C hereinafter, at higher 30 DEG C or more, human body experience is poor, and comfort level drastically declines.On the curve
Temperature can be as the reference temperature being compared with the actual temperature in PTC electric heater.
The embodiment employs the mode that hardware protection is combined with software protection in safeguard measure.In hardware protection
On, employ Fuse Type can flow recovery protective tube, when the electric current of PTC electric heater is excessively high, PTC electricity adds if more than
The rated operational current of hot device, due to heating functioin, blown fuse in protective tube, so as to cut off the power supply of PTC electric heater
Supply.In software protection, in order to prevent under the no-load condition of rear end, adverse effect that busbar voltage steeply rises acquires in real time
Electric current on busbar is compared with protective current threshold value, and when electric current is more than protection value, on-off switching tube Q1 is simultaneously stopped control
The pwm pulse of Q2 switching tubes processed so as to cut off the supply of the power supply of PTC electric heater, improves the safety of control system.
It should be noted that other components in addition to above-mentioned component in embodiment illustrated in fig. 4, only to the implementation
The scheme of example plays signal, does not cause the restriction effect to the scheme of the embodiment.
The embodiment is directed to voltage, the temperature controlled circuit topological structure at the PTC electric heater both ends of High Voltage Power Supply,
Using switching tube instead of traditional D.C. contactor, in the case of solving High Voltage Power Supply from hardware, PTC electric heater is initial
Power up phase generates very big rush of current, influences the problem of circuit system is safe；On the other hand from software control, by double
Ring PI control algolithms, the reliability that enhancing environment inside car temperature accurately controls, and increase sample rate current over-current detection technology, it utilizes
The strategy of hardware protection combination software protection, improves the safety of control system, has reached the control effect for improving electric heater
The effect of rate.
Embodiment 3
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of control device of electric heater.It should be noted that the electricity of the embodiment
The control device of heater can be used for performing the control method of the electric heater of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the control device of electric heater according to embodiments of the present invention.As shown in fig. 6, the device packet
It includes：Acquiring unit 10, determination unit 20 and conversion unit 30.
Acquiring unit 10, for obtaining the first difference between the actual temperature of electric heater and target temperature.
Determination unit 20, for determining target voltage that electric heater needs when heated according to the first difference.
Conversion unit 30, for the virtual voltage of electric heater to be converted into target voltage.
Optionally it is determined that unit 20 includes：Adjustment module for carrying out proportional integration adjusting to the first difference, obtains the
One adjusts result；Determine target voltage corresponding with the first adjusting result.
Optionally, conversion unit 30 includes：First acquisition module, for obtaining the virtual voltage of electric heater and target electricity
The second difference between pressure；Conversion module, for virtual voltage to be converted into target voltage according to the second difference.
Optionally, conversion module includes：Submodule is adjusted, for carrying out proportional integration adjusting to the second difference, obtains the
Two adjust result；Submodule is converted, for virtual voltage to be converted into target voltage according to the second adjusting result.
Optionally, it adjusts submodule to be used to carry out proportional integration adjusting to the second difference, obtains duty cycle signals, wherein,
Second, which adjusts result, includes duty cycle signals；Conversion submodule obtains for duty cycle signals and echo signal to be compared
Pulse signal；Virtual voltage is controlled to be converted into target voltage according to pulse signal.
Optionally, conversion submodule is for determining voltage corresponding with the second adjusting result；Pass through DC-to-dc converter
The corresponding voltage of second adjusting result is converted, obtains target voltage.
Optionally, which further includes：First control unit, for obtaining the actual temperature of electric heater and target temperature
Before the first difference between degree, in the case where semiconductor switch device is connected, control power supply is powered to electric heater,
In, semiconductor switch device is connected with electric heater, and the buffer circuit being connected with semiconductor switch device is for inhibition half
Current-rising-rate of the conductor switching device in conducting.
Optionally, the first control unit includes：First control module, for situation about being connected in semiconductor switch device
Under, charge of the control power supply on the capacitance being connected with semiconductor switch device is discharged by resistance, to be supplied to electric heater
Electricity, wherein, buffer circuit includes the first buffer circuit and the second buffer circuit, and the first buffer circuit includes capacitance and resistance, the
Two buffer circuits inhibit semiconductor switch device on the electric current in conducting by the inductance being connected with semiconductor switch device
The rate of liter.
Optionally, which further includes：Second control unit, for the virtual voltage of electric heater to be converted into target
After voltage, in the case where semiconductor switch device disconnects, control power supply stops powering to electric heater, wherein, with partly leading
The buffer circuit that body switching device is connected is used to inhibit voltage build-up rate of the semiconductor switch device when disconnecting.
Optionally, the second control unit includes：Second control module, for situation about being disconnected in semiconductor switch device
Under, the electric current on electric heater is controlled to be shunted to capacitance, so that power supply stops powering to electric heater, wherein, buffer circuit packet
Capacitance is included, capacitance is used to inhibit voltage build-up rate of the semiconductor switch device when disconnecting.
Optionally, which further includes：Third control unit, for the virtual voltage of electric heater to be converted into target
After voltage, in the case where the operating current of electric heater is more than the rated current of electric heater, control power supply stops to electricity
Heating installation power supply；And/or in the case that the electric current on the busbar of electric heater is more than target current threshold value, at least disconnect and electricity
The semiconductor switch device that heater is connected.
Optionally, which further includes：First acquisition unit, for the virtual voltage of electric heater to be converted into target
Before voltage, the virtual voltage for being converted to collected voltage by DC-to-dc converter is obtained.
Optionally, first acquisition unit includes：Second acquisition module, for obtaining DC voltage；Change module, for inciting somebody to action
DC voltage is converted by DC-to-dc converter, obtains virtual voltage.
The embodiment obtains the first difference between the actual temperature of electric heater and target temperature by acquiring unit 10,
Determine that the target that electric heater needs when heated is electric according to the first difference by determination unit 20, it will be electric by conversion unit 30
The virtual voltage of heater is converted into target voltage.Due to the input voltage by adjusting electric heater, add electricity so as to reach
The output temperature of hot device follows the purpose of target temperature, the temperature of flexible modulation electric heater, while can inhibit current spike
Occur, solve the problems, such as that the control efficiency of electric heater is low, and then achieved the effect that improve the control efficiency of electric heater.
Embodiment 4
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of storage medium.The storage medium includes the program of storage, wherein, in program
Equipment performs the control method of the electric heater of the embodiment of the present invention where controlling storage medium during operation.
Embodiment 5
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of processor.The processor is used to run program, wherein, program is held when running
The control method of the electric heater of the row embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment 6
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of electric heater of vehicle.The electric heater of the vehicle, which includes the present invention, to be implemented
The control device of the electric heater of example.The electric heater of the vehicle can be the electric heater in the air-conditioning system of vehicle.It is optional
Ground, the vehicle are bus or electric vehicle.
Obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that each module of the above-mentioned present invention or each step can be with general
Computing device realize that they can concentrate on single computing device or be distributed in multiple computing devices and be formed
Network on, optionally, they can be realized with the program code that computing device can perform, it is thus possible to which they are stored
In the storage device by computing device come perform either they are fabricated to respectively each integrated circuit modules or by they
In multiple modules or step be fabricated to single integrated circuit module to realize.In this way, the present invention is not limited to any specific
Hardware and software combines.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of control method of electric heater, which is characterized in that including：
Obtain the first difference between the actual temperature of the electric heater and target temperature；
The target voltage that the electric heater needs when heated is determined according to first difference；
The virtual voltage of the electric heater is converted into the target voltage.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, determine that the electric heater is adding according to first difference
The target voltage needed when hot includes：
Proportional integration adjusting is carried out to first difference, obtains the first adjusting result；
Determine the target voltage corresponding with the described first adjusting result.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the virtual voltage of the electric heater is converted into the mesh
Mark voltage includes：
Obtain the second difference between the virtual voltage of the electric heater and the target voltage；
The virtual voltage is converted by the target voltage according to second difference.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the virtual voltage is converted into according to second difference
The target voltage includes：
Proportional integration adjusting is carried out to second difference, obtains the second adjusting result；
The virtual voltage is converted by the target voltage according to the described second adjusting result.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that,
Proportional integration adjusting is carried out to second difference, the second adjusting result is obtained and includes：To second difference into
Row proportional integration is adjusted, and obtains duty cycle signals, wherein, described second, which adjusts result, includes the duty cycle signals；
The virtual voltage is converted into the target voltage according to the described second adjusting result to include：By the duty cycle signals
It is compared with echo signal, obtains pulse signal；The virtual voltage is controlled to be converted into the mesh according to the pulse signal
Mark voltage.
6. according to the method described in claim 4, the virtual voltage is turned it is characterized in that, adjusting result according to described second
The target voltage is turned to include：
Determine voltage corresponding with the described second adjusting result；
The corresponding voltage of the described second adjusting result is converted by DC-to-dc converter, obtains the target voltage.
7. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, obtaining the actual temperature of the electric heater and institute
Before stating first difference between target temperature, the method further includes：
In the case where semiconductor switch device is connected, control power supply is powered to the electric heater, wherein, the semiconductor is opened
It closes device with the electric heater to be connected, the buffer circuit being connected with the semiconductor switch device is used to inhibit described half
Current-rising-rate of the conductor switching device in conducting.
8. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that in the case where the semiconductor switch device is connected, control
The power supply is made to electric heater power supply to include：
In the case where the semiconductor switch device is connected, the power supply is controlled to be connected with the semiconductor switch device
Capacitance on charge, discharged by resistance, to power to the electric heater, wherein, it is slow that the buffer circuit includes first
Circuit and the second buffer circuit are rushed, first buffer circuit includes the capacitance and the resistance, second buffer circuit
The electric current of the semiconductor switch device in conducting is inhibited by the inductance being connected with the semiconductor switch device
Climbing.
It is 9. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described the virtual voltage of the electric heater is converted into
After target voltage, the method further includes：
In the case where semiconductor switch device disconnects, control power supply stops powering to the electric heater, wherein, with described half
The buffer circuit that conductor switching device is connected is used to inhibit voltage build-up rate of the semiconductor switch device when disconnecting.
10. according to the method described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, in the case where the semiconductor switch device disconnects, control
The power supply is made to stop including to electric heater power supply：
In the case where the semiconductor switch device disconnects, the electric current on the electric heater is controlled to be shunted to capacitance, so that
The power supply stops powering to the electric heater, wherein, the buffer circuit includes the capacitance, and the capacitance is used to inhibit
The voltage build-up rate of the semiconductor switch device when disconnecting.
11. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the virtual voltage of the electric heater is converted into institute
After stating target voltage, the method further includes：
The electric heater operating current be more than the electric heater rated current in the case of, control power supply stop to
The electric heater power supply；And/or
In the case that electric current on the busbar of the electric heater is more than target current threshold value, at least disconnect and the electrical heating
The semiconductor switch device that device is connected.
12. the method according to any one in claim 1 to 11, which is characterized in that by the reality of the electric heater
Border voltage is converted into before the target voltage, and the method further includes：
Obtain the virtual voltage for being converted to collected voltage by DC-to-dc converter.
13. according to the method for claim 12, which is characterized in that obtain and collected voltage is passed through into the direct current-straight
The virtual voltage that stream transformer is converted to includes：
Obtain DC voltage；
The DC voltage by the DC-to-dc converter is converted, obtains the virtual voltage.
14. a kind of control device of electric heater, which is characterized in that
Acquiring unit, for obtaining the first difference between the actual temperature of the electric heater and target temperature；
Determination unit, for determining target voltage that the electric heater needs when heated according to first difference；
Conversion unit, for the virtual voltage of the electric heater to be converted into the target voltage.
15. a kind of storage medium, which is characterized in that the storage medium includes the program of storage, wherein, it is run in described program
When control the storage medium where electric heater in equipment perform claim requirement 1 to 13 described in any one controlling party
Method.
16. a kind of processor, which is characterized in that the processor is used to run program, wherein, right of execution when described program is run
Profit requires the control method of the electric heater described in any one in 1 to 13.
17. a kind of electric heater of vehicle, which is characterized in that include the control device of the electric heater described in claim 14.
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