CN108179631A - 高强竹天丝家纺面料及其生产方法 - Google Patents

高强竹天丝家纺面料及其生产方法 Download PDF

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CN108179631A
CN108179631A CN201810011980.3A CN201810011980A CN108179631A CN 108179631 A CN108179631 A CN 108179631A CN 201810011980 A CN201810011980 A CN 201810011980A CN 108179631 A CN108179631 A CN 108179631A
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tencel
bamboo
textile fabric
strength bamboo
production method
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CN108179631B (zh
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凌良仲
孙仁斌
周卫东
王娟娟
于灿
刘莹莹
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Jiangsu Yueda Home Textile Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高强竹天丝家纺面料及其生产方法，所述布料采用市场最新推出的高强竹天丝紧密纺60支纱，通过高支竹天丝淀粉浆上浆技术、宽幅喷气提花织造技术、生物酶退浆技术，生产高档家纺面料。该面料可克服普通竹纤维家纺面料的缺陷，弥补天丝原料紧缺的现状，并且能够保持竹天丝纤维抑菌、吸湿、透气等优良的天然功能特性。

Description

高强竹天丝家纺面料及其生产方法
技术领域
本发明属于纺织技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种高强竹天丝家纺面料及其 生产方法。
背景技术
我国是纺织品生产大国，也是巨大的纺织品消费市场。现今，人们追求绿 色消费、返璞归真的心声越来越强烈。为了顺应时代的发展，满足消费者对家 纺面料高品质的需求，企业需要不断采用新技术、新工艺、新原料，开发出高 技术含量的产品，以迎合市场需求，提高企业的核心竞争力。
竹纤维是近年来国内研究的热点。但是，竹浆纤维面料存在的水洗缩率较 大、尺寸稳定性差的缺陷，因此，人们致力于开发一种功能优异的竹纤维，使 其具有较高的强力、较小的洗涤缩率。
竹纤维的原料是竹子。竹子主要由纤维素、木质素、果胶和多戊糖等组成， 纤维素含量为40％～50％，木质素含量为20％～30％，多戊糖含量为16％～21％， 另外还有1％～3％的灰分。根据竹纤维的加工方法的不同可以分为：竹原纤维 和竹浆纤维。将竹材通过物理机械方法提取天然纤维素成分，直接得到竹原纤 维。其中纤维素含量在95％以上，线密度为4.4～6.6dtex，长度为2～36cm，平 均长度为8cm。采用化学方法将竹材制成竹浆粕，将浆粕溶解制成竹浆溶液， 然后采用粘胶或Tencel纤维的纺丝工艺流程，通过湿法纺丝制得竹浆纤维。竹 浆纤维的主体长度为85mm和38mm，线密度为4.85dtex和1.67dtex。竹浆纤 维不仅具有棉、木浆纤维所有特性，因其特殊的纤维素分子结构，使纤维横截 面布满了大大小小的椭圆形空隙，可以在瞬间吸收并蒸发大量的水分，其吸湿 性、透气性等远远超过棉、木浆纤维，夏季使用感觉自然凉爽，冬季使用柔软 滑爽，尤其具有抗菌抑菌性，适用于医疗卫生、纺织等领域，被誉为新一代绿 色环保纤维。
竹天丝是利用天然竹子为原料，采用天丝(Tencel)纤维的纺丝工艺流程 生产的一种新型再生纤维竹纤维。
天丝产品良好的性能颇受人们的欢迎，但是由于每年生产天丝的原料—— 桉树的数量有限，导致天丝纤维的原料非常紧张，急需寻找天丝原料的替代品。 竹天丝纤维的成功研发，解决了天丝原料紧缺的现状。
竹天丝纤维产业的发展突破了传统的竹材应用领域，丰富了竹文化的内涵， 符合时代发展潮流，具有良好的市场发展前景。
发明内容
鉴于越来越多星级酒店对功能性面料的需求，本发明提供一种高强竹天丝 家纺面料的生产方法，工艺流程如下：
织造生产工艺流程如附图1所示；
染整工艺流程：
坯布翻缝——烧毛——酶退浆——煮练——漂白——半丝光——染色—— 柔软整理——拉幅定型——预缩——成品。
本发明所述高强竹天丝家纺面料的生产方法，所述整经采用贝宁格分批整 经机，整经根数890根，卷绕线速度600m/min。
所述浆纱采用无PVA上浆，浆料配方为：定积690升，马铃薯淀粉75kg， 酯化淀粉25kg，丙烯酸25kg，蜡片3kg，抗静电剂3kg，防腐剂0.3kg，柔软剂 2块。
所述织造在喷气ZAX9100织机上织造，上机工艺参数设置如下：开口时间 310°，预定张力350kg(约3500N)，后梁高度20mm，温度控制在25±2℃，相对 湿度为76±3％。
所述烧毛工艺为：两正两反，车速100～120m/min，烧毛质量达3～4级。
所述酶退浆采用宽温幅退浆酶2000L对坯布进行退浆处理，工艺参数如下：
所述煮练工艺参数如下：
所述漂白工艺参数如下：
所述半丝光处理用NaOH浓度为155～165g/L；所述染色选用B型活性染 料对竹天丝面料进行浸染，染液中加入定量的促染剂NaCl和纯碱Na2CO3；所 述后处理所用柔软剂为非离子型氨基硅柔软剂，其工艺参数为：氨基硅柔软剂 10g/L，轧余率65％～75％，车速35～50m/min，PH值5～7。
本发明还涉及所述方法生产的高强竹天丝家纺面料，所述面料坯布规格： 106"高强竹天丝60×高强竹天丝60 173×130 5枚3飞缎纹
所述面料成品规格：100"高强竹天丝60×高强竹天丝60 183×132 5枚3 飞缎纹。
本发明高强竹天丝家纺面料克服了普通竹浆纤维面料存在的水洗缩率较 大、尺寸稳定性差的缺陷，并以其高科技含量、柔滑软暖、凉爽舒适、抗菌抑 菌、绿色环保、天然保健等优良的独特品质牢握市场脉搏，独树一帜，是一种 高档次的绿色环保功能性家纺面料。
本发明工艺采用无PVA上浆，克服了PVA存在的难以生物降解，退浆困 难等缺点。
本发明布机车速450r/min，织造效率75％～80％，十万纬经停7次，纬停 24次，是宽幅高支高密竹纤维面料织造的里程牌。
本发明退浆工艺作用条件缓和，不会损伤纤维素纤维，并且作用效率高。
本发明半丝光处理既可以保证面料丝光后的得色率，同时在保证强力损伤不 大的前提下增强了尺寸稳定性。
本发明成品面料的主要指标检测情况：
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明，以使本领域的技术人员可以 更好的理解本发明并能予以实施，但所举实施例不作为对本发明的限定。
织造生产工艺流程如附图1所示；
染整工艺流程：
坯布翻缝——烧毛——酶退浆——煮练——漂白——半丝光——染色—— 柔软整理——拉幅定型——预缩——成品
整经、浆纱工艺
整经
整经时纱线的张力对织造工序及成品质量有着至关重要的影响。整经时既 要考虑单纱张力，又要考虑片纱张力。片纱张力不匀会造成开口不清，经轴上 的张力差异不会在浆纱工序及织造工序消除，对产品的平整度、外貌风格及布 边的好坏都会有影响，因此不论对单纱张力差异还是片纱张力差异都应该引起 高度的重视。
本发明采用贝宁格分批整经机，整经根数890根，卷绕线速度600m/min。
浆纱
浆纱的质量直接影响纱线的可织性，所以对浆纱的质量必须按时检验，及 时控制。由于PVA存在很多缺点：①难以生物降解；②用PVA上浆，其退浆 困难等。鉴于上述缺点，在本项目产品的织造过程中，采用无PVA上浆，顺利 织造高强竹天丝家纺面料。
浆料配方为：定积690升，马铃薯淀粉75kg，酯化淀粉25kg，丙烯酸25kg， 蜡片3kg，抗静电剂3kg，防腐剂0.3kg，柔软剂2块。浆纱上浆率17％，回潮 率10％，伸长率≦0.8％。
织造
该品种在喷气ZAX9100织机上织造。在织造过程中，经过反复试验摸索， 确定的主要上机工艺参数设置如下：开口时间310°，预定张力350kg(约3500N)， 后梁高度20mm。同时，加强车间温湿度的管理，改善织造时所需的生产环境。 温度控制在25±2℃，相对湿度为76±3％。
布机车速450r/min，织造效率75％～80％，十万纬经停7次，纬停24次， 是宽幅高支高密竹纤维面料织造的里程牌。
染整工艺
通过合理有效的后整理工艺，对于提高竹纤维面料的外观和内在品质至关 重要。
染整工艺流程：
坯布翻缝——烧毛——酶退浆——煮练——漂白——半丝光——染色— —柔软整理——拉幅定型——预缩——成品
烧毛
由于坯布表面有一部分短茸毛，如果不烧毛或者烧毛不净，既影响布面效 果，又容易在印染加工中由于茸毛粘结产生染色不匀、掉色而造成疵病。
在保持面料风格、不引起面料损伤的前提下，兼顾合理调节烧毛工艺参数， 使产品达到一定的布面光洁度。烧毛工艺：两正两反，车速100～120m/min， 烧毛质量达3～4级。
酶退浆
在织造前，经纱需要经上浆处理，使纱中的纤维粘着抱合起来，并在纱线 表面形成一层薄膜，以便于织造。退浆是前处理的基础，通过处理，可以去除 坯布上大部分的浆料以及部分杂质，以利于煮练等后序加工。
由于竹纤维不耐强碱，故本项目采用宽温幅退浆酶2000L对坯布进行退浆 处理。该退浆工艺作用条件缓和，不会损伤纤维素纤维，并且作用效率高。由 于酶对坯布上的淀粉完全分解需要一定的时间，保温堆置可以使酶对淀粉进行 充分水解；淀粉浆料经过淀粉酶水解后，仍然粘附在坯布上，需要经过水洗才 能去除完全。
退浆工艺：
煮练
竹纤维中由于天然色素的存在，如果处理不好，既使白度均匀性变差，又 影响染色性能。煮练结束后，要经过充分的水洗，防止浆料等重新沾污坯布表 面。
煮练工艺：
漂白
为了进一步提高面料白度，防止泛黄；同时，由于该面料拟染成浅色系， 故在煮练后进行漂白处理至关重要。
漂白工艺：
半丝光
考虑到浓碱对竹纤维的强力损伤以及扩幅困难的影响，采用半丝光处理， NaOH浓度为155～165g/L，既可以保证面料丝光后的得色率，同时在保证强 力损伤不大的前提下增强了尺寸稳定性。
染色
染色时染料的选择应该根据面料色泽要求、牢度要求进行认真的筛选，提 高色牢度。
本发明选用B型活性染料对竹天丝面料进行浸染。染液中加入定量的促染 剂NaCl和纯碱Na2CO3，同时，加强对染色时间、染色温度的控制。
染色时，染料首先通过范德华力和氢键吸附在竹纤维表面，并向纤维内部 扩散。在碱性条件下，活性染料与纤维发生化学反应形成共价键结合而固着在 纤维上。最后，通过皂洗将残余染料洗除，减少纤维表面浮色。
后整理
柔软整理的主要作用在于改善面料的手感，使触觉柔软滑爽，进一步提高 其舒适性。
该项目所用柔软剂为非离子型氨基硅柔软剂，它能显著降低纤维和纱线间 的摩擦系数，赋予面料独特的平滑柔软手感，并且具有良好的热安定性和耐洗 涤性。
由于在拉幅机上进行，同时定幅，去除了面料表面褶皱。其工艺参数为： 氨基硅柔软剂10g/L，轧余率65％～75％，车速35～50m/min，PH值5～7。
采用三辊橡胶毯预缩机进行预缩整理，保证面料的经向缩水要求，进一步 提升面料的手感。车速控制在50m/min左右。
成品检验打卷
按照国家标准检验检测、成品打卷。
所产品坯布规格：106"高强竹天丝60×高强竹天丝60 173×130 5枚3 飞缎纹
成品规格：100"高强竹天丝60×高强竹天丝60 183×132 5枚3飞。
以上所述实施例仅是为充分说明本发明而所举的较佳的实施例，本发明的 保护范围不限于此。本技术领域的技术人员在本发明基础上所作的等同替代或 变换，均在本发明的保护范围之内。本发明的保护范围以权利要求书为准。

Claims (10)

1.一种高强竹天丝家纺面料的生产方法，其特征在于工艺流程如下：
织造生产工艺流程如附图1所示；
染整工艺流程：
坯布翻缝——烧毛——酶退浆——煮练——漂白——半丝光——染色——柔软整理——拉幅定型——预缩——成品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高强竹天丝家纺面料的生产方法，其特征在于所述整经采用贝宁格分批整经机，整经根数890根，卷绕线速度600m/min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高强竹天丝家纺面料的生产方法，其特征在于，所述浆纱采用无PVA上浆，浆料配方为：定积690升，马铃薯淀粉75kg，酯化淀粉25kg，丙烯酸25kg，蜡片3kg，抗静电剂3kg，防腐剂0.3kg，柔软剂2块。
4.根据权利要求1所述的所述的高强竹天丝家纺面料的生产方法，其特征在于，所述织造在喷气ZAX9100织机上织造，上机工艺参数设置如下：开口时间310°，预定张力350kg(约3500N)，后梁高度20mm，温度控制在25±2℃，相对湿度为76±3％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的高强竹天丝家纺面料的生产方法，其特征在于，所述烧毛工艺为：两正两反，车速100～120m/min，烧毛质量达3～4级。
6.根据权利要求1所述的高强竹天丝家纺面料的生产方法，其特征在于，所述酶退浆采用宽温幅退浆酶2000L对坯布进行退浆处理，工艺参数如下：
7.根据权利要求1所述的高强竹天丝家纺面料的生产方法，其特征在于，所述煮练工艺参数如下：
8.根据权利要求1所述的高强竹天丝家纺面料的生产方法，其特征在于，所述漂白工艺参数如下：
9.根据权利要求1所述的高强竹天丝家纺面料的生产方法，其特征在于，所述半丝光处理用NaOH浓度为155～165g/L；所述染色选用B型活性染料对竹天丝面料进行浸染，染液中加入定量的促染剂NaCl和纯碱Na2CO3；所述后处理所用柔软剂为非离子型氨基硅柔软剂，其工艺参数为：氨基硅柔软剂10g/L，轧余率65％～75％，车速35～50m/min，PH值5～7。
10.权利要求1至9任一所述方法生产的高强竹天丝家纺面料，其特征在于，所述面料坯布规格：106"高强竹天丝60×高强竹天丝60 173×130 5枚3飞缎纹
所述面料成品规格：100"高强竹天丝60×高强竹天丝60 183×132 5枚3飞缎纹。
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