River pollutant biological treatment device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment in environmental protection, and particularly relates to a biological treatment device for river pollutants.
Background
In recent years, with the growth of population and the rapid development of economy, more and more pollutants are discharged into urban river channels, and the urban river channels are seriously polluted. The urban river pollution seriously influences the life and health of people and restricts the sustainable development of the social economy in China. Therefore, while the economy is developed, the river pollution treatment technology suitable for the economic development stage of China should be actively researched.
Bioremediation is to degrade organic pollutants and purify a water environment by using the life metabolic activities of organisms in a polluted water body, so that the water body is restored to a state before pollution, and the use value of the water body is restored. Compared with a physical and chemical method, the bioremediation technology has the advantages of environmental friendliness and ecological energy conservation, and is the main body remediation technology with the greatest development prospect.
Temperature is one of the important factors affecting the biological treatment effect of sewage. The suitable temperature range of aerobic microorganisms is 10-35 ℃, and generally, the temperature lower than 10 ℃ can have adverse effect on the purification effect of biological treatment. There is a report in the literature that the biological treatment effect of sewage starts to decrease rapidly when the water temperature is lower than 13 ℃. When the water temperature is lower than 4 ℃, the treatment effect is almost not obtained. Therefore, in cold regions, such as northern regions of China, pollutants are difficult to effectively treat due to temperature limitation in winter, and the water quality of the river channel in winter is deteriorated.
Researchers at home and abroad can solve the problem of low-temperature sewage treatment efficiency by increasing sewage retention time in engineering, building structures indoors or adopting measures of heat preservation, temperature rise and the like to ensure that the effluent of sewage treatment in winter reaches the standard. The measures not only increase the engineering investment, energy consumption and operating cost, but also find the sewage treatment effect difficult to ensure in the practical process.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a biological treatment apparatus for river pollutants, which supplies power to an electrolysis loop by using green solar energy, and oxygenizes the river water by using oxygen generated by electrolysis, thereby promoting the growth of microorganisms and the occurrence of aerobic degradation, and realizing effective biological treatment of river pollutants; meanwhile, hydrogen generated by electrolysis is combusted, the activity of microorganisms in a low-temperature environment is kept by maintaining the temperature of the filler, and effective biological treatment of river pollutants in the low-temperature environment is realized.
A biological treatment device for river pollutants, comprising: the device comprises a buoyancy tank, a solar cell panel, a first conduit, a second conduit, an anode electrode, a cathode electrode, a water pump, a spray header, biological fillers, a combustion nozzle, a temperature control igniter and a heating pipe; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the solar cell panel is arranged above the buoyancy tank, the buoyancy tank is composed of an upper storage battery and a lower closed cavity, the storage battery is electrically connected with the solar cell panel, the section of the cavity is inverted concave, a first hollow column and a second hollow column which vertically extend downwards are arranged at two ends of the cavity, the bottoms of the first hollow column and the second hollow column are respectively closed and are not communicated with each other, and a gap is formed between the first hollow column and the second hollow column;
the top end of the first guide pipe is arranged inside the first hollow column, the first guide pipe extends downwards to enable the bottom end of the first guide pipe to be arranged outside the cavity, the anode electrode is arranged below the bottom end of the first guide pipe, and the anode electrode is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the storage battery through a first lead; the top end of the second guide pipe is arranged at the bottom of the second hollow column and far away from the side of the first hollow column, the second guide pipe extends downwards to enable the bottom end of the second guide pipe to be arranged below the cavity, the cathode electrode is arranged below the bottom end of the second guide pipe, and the cathode electrode is electrically connected with the cathode of the storage battery through a second lead;
the top end of the first conduit is also connected with a water inlet of the water pump arranged in the cavity, a water outlet of the water pump is connected with the spray header, the spray header is positioned in a gap between the first hollow column and the second hollow column, the biological filler is arranged below the spray header, and the biological filler is filled in the gap between the first hollow column and the second hollow column; the top end of the second guide pipe is provided with the combustion nozzle, the temperature control igniter is arranged on the edge of the combustion nozzle, one end of the heating pipe sleeved on the second hollow column is arranged above the combustion nozzle, and the other end of the heating pipe is coiled in the biological filler;
the water pump is powered by the storage battery and is electrically connected with the storage battery.
In a preferred embodiment, the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe are both obliquely arranged, so that the bottom end of the first guide pipe and the bottom end of the second guide pipe are close to each other, and the anode electrode and the cathode electrode respectively arranged below the bottom end of the first guide pipe and the bottom end of the second guide pipe are close to each other.
In the preferred technical scheme, the outer surface coating of flotation tank has waterproof coating, so, even throw into the river course water body with the device for a long time and use, can not have water infiltration to get into inside the flotation tank yet.
In the preferred technical scheme, the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe are both made of PE pipes, so that the cost is low and the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe are not easy to corrode.
In the preferred technical scheme, the volume of the cavity is 10-20 times of that of the storage battery, and the floating effect is better.
In a preferred embodiment, the anode electrode is a noble metal electrode, such as a platinum electrode or a palladium electrode.
In a preferred technical scheme, the cathode electrode is a stainless steel wire mesh, a titanium wire mesh or a titanium alloy wire mesh.
In the preferred technical scheme, in the silk screen of the cathode electrode, the basic size of the meshes is 1-10 mm, and the diameter of the silk is 1-2 mm.
In the invention, the cavity part is arranged in the whole device, so that the device can float on the water surface after being thrown into a river channel, and thus, a solar panel arranged above the top of the buoyancy tank (floating above the water surface) generates electric power under the sunlight, and the solar panel is combined with the electric power storage and supply functions of the storage battery, so that the electric power can be continuously supplied to the water pump and the electrolytic loop for a long time, and no additional power equipment is needed; the anode electrode and the cathode electrode are electrically connected with the storage battery to form an electrolysis loop, the anode electrode connected with the anode is electrolyzed to generate oxygen, and the cathode electrode connected with the cathode is electrolyzed to generate hydrogen; because the anode electrode is arranged below the bottom end of the first conduit, nano oxygen bubbles generated by electrolysis are dissolved in water to oxygenate the water body, when the water pump runs, the oxygenated water body is pumped up and then sprayed onto the biological filler, the growth of microorganisms is promoted, the aerobic degradation can be promoted, and the water after the pollutants are degraded flows back to the river channel; meanwhile, the cathode electrode is arranged below the bottom end of the second conduit, and hydrogen generated by electrolysis rises to the combustion nozzle through the second conduit and is ignited as fuel at low temperature, so that the heating pipe is heated, the environment of the biological filler is heated, the activity of microorganisms is maintained, and the degradation of pollutants by the microorganisms is promoted. Like this, the device need not external power, also can realize promoting the biological treatment of river course pollutant to the oxygenation of water under the conventional condition, moreover, can also keep the activity of microorganism under the low temperature environment through maintaining the filler temperature, realizes sewage treatment's under the low temperature environment validity and high efficiency.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1) the device provided by the invention is powered by solar energy, does not need to be additionally provided with a power device, and has the advantages of low operation cost, simplicity and convenience in maintenance and wide application range.
2) The device is ingenious in design, oxygen generated by electrolysis is used for oxygenating the river water, the growth of microorganisms and aerobic degradation are promoted, and effective biological treatment of river pollutants is realized; meanwhile, hydrogen generated by electrolysis is combusted, the activity of microorganisms in a low-temperature environment is kept by maintaining the temperature of the filler, and effective biological treatment of river pollutants in the low-temperature environment is realized.
3) The device has simple structure, easy manufacture and low cost, and is suitable for popularization and application;
4) the device has the advantages of small occupied area, mobility, convenience in use, low maintenance cost and wide application range.
These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more fully apparent from the following detailed description, the accompanying drawings and the appended claims, wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views, and wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a biological treatment device for river contaminants according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings to more clearly understand the technical contents of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, a river pollutant biological treatment device includes a buoyancy tank 1, a solar cell panel 2, a first conduit 3 and a second conduit 4, an anode electrode 5 and a cathode electrode 6, a water pump 9, a shower head 10, a biological filler 11, a burner 12, a temperature control igniter 13, and a heating pipe 14.
The solar cell panel 2 is arranged above the buoyancy tank 1 and used for converting solar energy into electric energy;
the floating box 1 is composed of an upper storage battery 1-1 and a lower closed cavity 1-2, wherein the storage battery 1-1 is electrically connected with the solar panel 2 and used for storing electric energy generated by the solar panel 2 when the solar panel is illuminated and releasing the electric energy when needed; the section of the cavity 1-2 is in an inverted concave shape, wherein two ends of the cavity 1-2 are a first hollow column and a second hollow column which vertically extend downwards, the bottoms of the first hollow column and the second hollow column are respectively closed and are not communicated with each other, and a gap is formed between the first hollow column and the second hollow column; due to the existence of the cavity 1-2, the buoyancy tank 1 can float on the water surface;
the top end of the first guide pipe 3 is arranged inside the first hollow column, the first guide pipe 3 extends downwards to enable the bottom end of the first guide pipe 3 to be arranged outside the cavity 1-2 (when the device is arranged in water, the bottom end of the first guide pipe 3 is arranged in a water body below the buoyancy tank 1), an anode electrode 5 is arranged below the bottom end of the first guide pipe 3, and the anode electrode 5 is electrically connected with the anode of the storage battery 1-1 through a first lead 7; the top end of the second guide pipe 4 is arranged at the bottom of the second hollow column and far away from the side of the first hollow column, the second guide pipe 4 extends downwards to enable the bottom end of the second guide pipe 4 to be arranged below the cavity 1-2 (when the device is arranged in water, the bottom end of the second guide pipe 4 is arranged in a water body below the buoyancy tank 1), and the bottom end of the second guide pipe 4 is provided with a cathode electrode 6, and the cathode electrode 6 is electrically connected with the cathode of the storage battery 1-1 through a second lead 8; the first guide duct 3 and the second guide duct 4 are both obliquely arranged so that the bottom end of the first guide duct 3 and the bottom end of the second guide duct 4 are close to each other, and thus the anode electrode 5 and the cathode electrode 6, which are respectively arranged below the bottom end of the first guide duct 3 and the bottom end of the second guide duct 4, are close to each other;
the top end of the first conduit 3 is also connected with a water inlet of a water pump 9 arranged in the cavity 1-2, a water outlet of the water pump 9 is connected with a spray header 10, the spray header 10 is positioned in a gap between the first hollow column and the second hollow column, a biological filler 11 is arranged below the spray header 10, and the biological filler 11 is filled in the gap between the first hollow column and the second hollow column; a combustion nozzle 12 is arranged at the top end of the second conduit 4, a temperature control igniter 13 is arranged on the side of the combustion nozzle 12, one end of a heating pipe 14 sleeved on the second hollow column is arranged above the combustion nozzle 12, and the other end of the heating pipe 14 is coiled in the biological filler 11;
the water pump 9 is powered by the storage battery 1-1, and the water pump 9 is electrically connected with the storage battery 1-1.
In the above-mentioned embodiment of the biological treatment apparatus for river contaminants according to the present invention, the outer surface of the buoyancy tank 1 may be coated with a waterproof coating, so that even if the apparatus is put into the river water for a long time, no water penetrates into the inside of the buoyancy tank 1.
In the above embodiment of the biological treatment device for river pollutants, the first conduit 3 and the second conduit 4 are both made of PE pipes, which is low in cost and not easy to corrode.
In the specific embodiment of the biological treatment device for the river pollutants, the volume of the cavity 1-2 is 10-20 times of that of the storage battery 1-1, so that the device can better keep a floating state on the water surface.
In the above embodiment of the biological treatment device for river pollutants of the present invention, the anode electrode 5 is a noble metal electrode, such as a platinum electrode or a palladium electrode.
In the above specific embodiment of the biological treatment device for river pollutants of the present invention, the cathode electrode 6 is a stainless steel wire mesh, a titanium wire mesh or a titanium alloy wire mesh.
In the above embodiment of the biological treatment device for river pollutants, the mesh basic size of the screen of the cathode electrode 6 is 1-10 mm, and the diameter of the screen is 1-2 mm.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in the above-described embodiment of the biological treatment device for river contaminants according to the present invention, it is also possible to arrange the first conduit 3 and the second conduit 4 vertically. Of course, relatively speaking, the first conduit 3 and the second conduit 4 are both disposed obliquely, so that when the bottom end of the first conduit 3 and the bottom end of the second conduit 4 are close to each other, the anode electrode 5 and the cathode electrode 6 are closer to each other, and the distance is closer, which is more favorable for generating a large amount of nanobubbles by electrolysis.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in the above-mentioned embodiment of the biological treatment device for river contaminants according to the present invention, the biological filler 11 may be a common commercial product, such as elastic three-dimensional filler, etc., or a porous fiber fabric, which is also capable of supporting the growth of microorganisms. The biological filler 11 is filled in the gap between the first hollow column and the second hollow column to provide a place for biological attachment growth, microorganisms grow on the surface of the filler, and water flows through the pores of the biological filler 11 and enters the river water body.
The application method and the working principle of the biological treatment device for river pollutants in the embodiment are as follows:
after the biological treatment device for the river pollutants in the embodiment is put into a river channel, the whole device can float on the water surface due to the existence of the cavities 1-2. The top of the buoyancy tank 1 floats above the water surface, so that the solar panel 2 arranged at the top of the buoyancy tank 1 is above the water surface, solar energy is converted into electric energy under the illumination of the sun, the generated electric energy is stored in the storage battery 1-1, and the storage battery 1-1 supplies power to the electrolysis loop and the water pump 9.
The electrolytic circuit is formed by electrically connecting an anode electrode 5 and a cathode electrode 6 with the storage battery 1-1, wherein the anode electrode 5 connected with the anode is electrolyzed to generate oxygen, and the cathode electrode 6 connected with the cathode is electrolyzed to generate hydrogen.
Anode electrode 5 sets up in first pipe 3 bottom below, and the nanometer oxygen bubble that its electrolysis produced dissolves in aqueous, and when water pump 9 operation began to draw water, the water that has dissolved nanometer oxygen bubble was taken out via first pipe 3 to spray on biofilm carrier 11 by shower head 10, the growth that the increase of aquatic dissolved oxygen promoted the microorganism also can promote the emergence of aerobic degradation, thereby effectively degrades the river course pollutant, and the water after biological treatment flows back the river course again.
The cathode electrode 6 is arranged below the bottom end of the second conduit 4, hydrogen generated by electrolysis rises to the burner 12 through the second conduit 4, the temperature control igniter 13 is set to ignite when the temperature is lower than 15 ℃, the temperature control igniter 13 automatically ignites to ignite the hydrogen at low temperature, flame heats the heating pipe 14, heating oil flows in the heating pipe 14 in a sealing mode, the environment of the biological filler 11 is heated, the temperature of the filler is maintained to keep the activity of microorganisms, and the degradation of pollutants by the microorganisms is promoted. Thus, even at low temperatures, proper biological treatment of the contaminants can be achieved.
The water pump 9 runs continuously, and the river water body is pumped up continuously for biodegradation, so that biological treatment of river pollutants is realized. Even under the condition of no external power, the aeration of the water body under the conventional condition can be ensured to promote the biological treatment of the river pollutant, the activity of microorganisms under the low-temperature environment can be kept by maintaining the temperature of the filler, and the effectiveness and the high efficiency of the sewage treatment under the low-temperature environment are realized.
In the invention, the cavity 1-2 part is arranged in the whole device, so that the device can float on the water surface after being thrown into a river channel, and thus, the solar cell panel 2 arranged above the top (floating above the water surface) of the buoyancy tank 1 generates electric power under the sunlight, and is combined with the electric power storage and supply functions of the storage battery 1-1, so that the water pump 9 and the electrolytic loop can continuously supply electric power for a long time, and no additional power equipment is needed; wherein, the anode electrode 5 and the cathode electrode 6 are electrically connected with the storage battery 1-1 to form an electrolysis loop, the anode electrode 5 connected with the anode is electrolyzed to generate oxygen, and the cathode electrode 6 connected with the cathode is electrolyzed to generate hydrogen; because the anode electrode 5 is arranged below the bottom end of the first conduit 3, nano oxygen bubbles generated by electrolysis are dissolved in water, when the water pump 9 operates, the oxygenated water is pumped up and then sprayed onto the biological filler 11, the growth of microorganisms is promoted, the aerobic degradation can be promoted, and the water after the pollutants are degraded flows back to the river channel again; meanwhile, as the cathode electrode 6 is arranged below the bottom end of the second conduit 4, the hydrogen generated by electrolysis rises to the burner 12 through the second conduit 4 to be used as fuel to heat the heating pipe 14 at low temperature, so that the environment of the biological filler 11 is heated, the activity of microorganisms is maintained, and the degradation of pollutants by the microorganisms is promoted. Like this, the device need not external power, also can realize promoting the biological treatment of river course pollutant to the oxygenation of water under the conventional condition, moreover, can also keep the activity of microorganism under the low temperature environment through maintaining the filler temperature, realizes sewage treatment's under the low temperature environment validity and high efficiency.
It will thus be seen that the objects of the invention have been fully and effectively accomplished. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and described in the embodiments, and the embodiments may be modified without departing from the principles. Therefore, this invention includes all modifications encompassed within the spirit and scope of the claims.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.