CN108169839B - 导光板以及包括导光板的液晶显示器 - Google Patents
导光板以及包括导光板的液晶显示器 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108169839B CN108169839B CN201711266698.1A CN201711266698A CN108169839B CN 108169839 B CN108169839 B CN 108169839B CN 201711266698 A CN201711266698 A CN 201711266698A CN 108169839 B CN108169839 B CN 108169839B
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- guide plate
- light
- light guide
- liquid crystal
- tread
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Abstract
公开了导光板和包括该导光板的液晶显示器。具有光从光源入射到上面的光入射平面和面向光入射平面的逆光入射平面的导光板包括逆光入射平面的角部中的具有预定曲率、倒角形状或包括第一踏面和第一踢面的多个第一台阶图案的至少一个角部。
Description
技术领域
本公开内容涉及导光板以及包括导光板的液晶显示器。
背景技术
已经开发了诸如液晶显示器(LCD)、有机发光二极管(OLED)显示器、等离子体显示面板(PDP)和电泳显示器(EPD)装置的各种平板显示装置。液晶显示器通过根据数据电压控制施加到液晶分子的电场来显示图像。在有源矩阵驱动型的液晶显示器中,针对每个像素形成薄膜晶体管(在下文中称为TFT)。
例如,液晶显示器包括显示面板、用于用光照亮显示面板的背光单元、用于向显示面板的数据线提供数据电压的源极驱动器集成电路(IC)、用于向显示面板的栅极线(或扫描线)提供栅极脉冲(或扫描脉冲)的栅极驱动器IC、用于控制IC的控制器、用于驱动背光单元的光源的光源驱动器等。
发明内容
本公开内容的目的是提供具有不规则形状(或自由形式的形状)的导光板以及包括该导光板的液晶显示器。
在一个方面中,公开了导光板和液晶显示器。具有光从光源入射到上面的光入射平面和面向光入射平面的逆光入射平面的导光板包括逆光入射平面的角部中的具有预定曲率、倒角形状或包括第一踏面和第一踢面的多个第一台阶图案的至少一个角部。
附图说明
附图示出了本发明的实施方式并且连同说明书一起用于说明本发明的原理,附图被包括以提供对本发明的进一步的理解并且被并入该说明书中且构成该说明书的一部分。在附图中:
图1和图2是示意性示出了根据本发明的实施方式的液晶显示器的视图;
图3是示意性示出了根据本发明的实施方式的液晶模块的框图;
图4是示出了根据本发明的实施方式的液晶模块的示意性布置示例的视图;
图5是根据本发明的实施方式的显示面板的示意图;
图6是根据本发明的第一实施方式的导光板的示意图;
图7是根据本发明的第二实施方式的导光板的示意图;
图8是说明本发明的第一实施方式和第二实施方式之间的比较的视图;
图9是示出了第一台阶图案的形状的示例的视图;
图10是根据本发明的第三实施方式的导光板的示意图;
图11是根据本发明的第四实施方式的导光板的示意图;
图12是根据本发明的实施方式的导板的示意图;
图13是说明根据本发明的实施方式的导板与导光板之间的关系的视图;
图14是示意性示出了根据本发明的修改示例的液晶显示器的视图;
图15是导光板的凹口部分的放大视图;以及
图16是说明根据本发明的修改示例的效果的视图。
具体实施方式
现在将详细参照本发明的实施方式,在附图中示出了实施方式的示例。只要有可能,在整个附图中将使用相同的附图标记来指代相同或相似的部分。应当注意,如果确定已知技术会误导本发明的实施方式,则将省略对这些技术的详细描述。在描述各种实施方式时,可以在开始处描述相同的部件,而在其他实施方式中可以省略相同的部件。
图1和图2是示意性示出根据本发明的实施方式的液晶显示器的视图。根据本发明的实施方式的液晶显示器可以包括用于感测用户的触摸输入、手势输入和姿势输入中至少之一的诸如触摸传感器的传感器。根据本发明的实施方式的液晶显示器可以被实现为透射式显示装置、反射式显示装置等,但是不限于此。
参照图1和图2,本发明的根据一个实施方式的液晶显示器可以包括液晶模块LCM、前盖101、后盖103、主板104等。这里,盖可以由壳体或外壳表示。
液晶模块LCM包括显示面板100和显示面板驱动电路。在显示面板100的整个屏幕上可以布置有诸如触摸传感器的传感器。显示面板驱动电路包括源极驱动器IC(SIC)46(在图3中示出)和将源极驱动器IC 46连接至主板104的柔性电路板30。显示面板驱动电路还包括图3中所示的栅极驱动器IC(GIC)40。
前盖101位于液晶模块LCM的前表面上并且覆盖液晶模块LCM的边缘的一部分。用户可以通过露出的液晶模块LCM的前表面观看输入图像。
后盖103位于液晶模块LCM的后表面上。相机和各种传感器可以布置在液晶模块LCM与后盖103之间。传感器包括适用于液晶显示器的各种传感器,例如接近传感器、陀螺仪传感器、地磁传感器、运动传感器、照度传感器、RGB传感器、霍尔传感器、温度/湿度传感器、心率传感器、指纹传感器等。
液晶模块LCM和主板104可以布置在前盖101和后盖103之间提供的内部空间中。内部空间还可以包括用于向液晶模块LCM供电的电池105。
内部空间还可以包括中间框架102。中间框架102支撑液晶模块LCM,并且可以在空间上将液晶模块LCM与主板104分隔开。柔性电路板30可以通过中间框架102的狭缝(slot)连接至主板104。
音频/视频(A/V)输入单元、用户输入单元、扬声器、麦克风等可以设置在前盖101和后盖103上。A/V输入单元、用户输入单元、扬声器和麦克风可以连接至主板104。用户输入单元可以包括触摸键盘、圆顶开关,触摸板、转轮(jog wheel)、滚轮开关等。
主***60(图3)的电路安装在主板104中。主***60(图3)包括显示模块、无线通信模块、短距离通信模块、移动通信模块、广播接收模块、A/V输入部分、全球定位***(GPS)模块、电源电路等。用户输入单元、扬声器、麦克风、电池105等连接到主***60(图3)。电源电路从电池105的电压中去除噪声并将其提供给主***60(图3)和显示面板驱动电路的模块电源。
在附图中,示出了液晶显示器为移动装置的实例作为示例,但是本发明的实施方式不限于此。例如,根据本发明的实施方式的液晶显示器可以被实现为电视(TV)***、机顶盒、导航***、DVD播放器、蓝光播放器、个人计算机(PC)、家庭影院***等。
图3是示意性示出了根据本发明的实施方式的液晶模块的框图。图4是示出了根据本发明的实施方式的液晶模块的示意性布置示例的视图。
参照图3,根据本发明的实施方式的液晶模块包括显示面板100、驱动器集成电路(IC)、时序控制器(TCON)50等。
显示面板100包括彼此面对的上基板和下基板,在上基板和下基板之间具有液晶单元Clc。显示面板100包括布置有多个像素的像素阵列。像素阵列可以被定义为显示输入图像的区域。
像素阵列包括形成在下基板上的薄膜晶体管(在下文中称为“TFT”)阵列和形成在上基板上的滤色器阵列。可以使用TFT上滤色器(COT)工艺或滤色器上TFT(TOC)工艺在下基板的TFT阵列上形成滤色器。
TFT阵列包括数据线DL和栅极线GL。数据线DL沿第一方向(例如,y轴方向)形成。数据电压被施加到数据线DL。栅极线GL沿与第一方向交叉的第二方向(例如,x轴方向)形成。栅极脉冲被施加到栅极线GL。
在TFT阵列中,TFT形成在数据线DL和栅极线GL的交叉点处。响应于来自栅极线GL的栅极脉冲,TFT将来自数据线DL的数据电压提供给液晶单元Clc的像素电极1。每个液晶单元Clc由用于通过TFT对数据电压进行充电的像素电极1与施加有公共电压Vcom的公共电极2之间的电压差驱动。用于将液晶单元Clc的电压保持一帧时段的存储电容器Cst连接至液晶单元Clc。偏光板分别附接至显示面板100的上基板和下基板。用于设置液晶的预倾角的取向膜分别形成在显示面板100的上基板和下基板上。
驱动器IC是显示面板100的驱动电路,包括源极驱动器IC(SIC)46和栅极驱动器IC(GIC)40。源极驱动器IC 46和栅极驱动器IC 40可以安装在柔性电路板例如膜上芯片(COF)上。柔性电路板的输入端子可以连接至主板,并且柔性电路板的输出端子可以连接至显示面板100。柔性电路板的输出端子可以通过各向异性导电膜接合至显示面板100的下基板。作为另一示例,可以使用面板内栅极驱动器(GIP)电路方式将栅极驱动器IC 40直接布置在显示面板100上。
源极驱动器IC 46在时序控制器50的控制下对输入图像的数字视频数据进行采样,锁存数字视频数据,并将数字视频数据转换成并行数据***的数据。源极驱动器IC 46在时序控制器50的控制下通过使用数模转换器(DAC)将数字视频数据转换成模拟伽玛补偿电压以生成数据电压,并将数据电压提供给数据线DL。栅极驱动器IC 40在时序控制器50的控制下依次提供与来自第一栅极线至第n栅极线的数据电压同步的栅极脉冲(或扫描脉冲)。
时序控制器50将从主***60接收的输入图像的数字视频数据传送至源极驱动器IC 46。时序控制器50接收来自主***60的时序信息例如垂直同步信号Vsync、水平同步信号Hsync、数据使能信号DE和主时钟MCLK。这些时序信号与输入图像的数字视频数据同步。时序控制器50使用时序信号Vsync、Hsync、DE和MCLK生成用于控制源极驱动器IC46的操作时序的源极时序控制信号和用于控制栅极驱动器IC 40的操作时序的栅极时序控制信号。
主***60将输入图像的数字视频数据RGB转换成适合于显示面板100的格式。主***60将时序信号(Vsync、Hsync、DE、MCLK)连同输入图像的数字视频数据一起传送至时序控制器50。
参照图4,根据本发明的实施方式的液晶模块LCM包括显示面板100和背光单元。显示面板100和背光单元与诸如导板(GP)的壳体构件组装在一起,并且被实现为液晶模块LCM。
如上所述,显示面板100包括上基板、下基板以及介于上基板和下基板之间的液晶层。液晶层可以被实现为各种液晶模式中的至少一种。
偏振膜可以设置在显示面板100的前表面或后表面上。偏振膜被设置在显示面板100的前表面和后表面中至少之一上以仅通过从背光单元发出的光的分量中的特定极化方向的分量。
背光单元设置在显示面板100的下方,并且朝向显示面板100的背面发光。背光单元包括光源205(图6)、导光板200和至少一个光学片210。从光源205(图6)提供到导光板200的光入射平面的光被转换成面光源形式并且被发射到导光板200的前表面,并在穿过位于导光板200之上的光学片210的同时被均匀地照射到显示面板100的后表面上。
光源205(图6)可以是诸如发光二极管(LED)、冷阴极荧光灯(CCFL)和外部电极荧光灯(EEFL)的灯中的一个。光源205(图6)被定位成面向导光板200的至少一侧(即,光入射平面),并将光照射到光入射平面上。导光板200是由透明塑料(例如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA))形成的板,并用于将点光源形式或线光源形式的光转换成表面光源形式的光。
光学片210包括一个或更多个棱镜片以及一个或更多个扩散片以扩散从导光板200入射的光并使朝着显示面板100的光的路径折射。
还可以在导光板200的下方设置反射片,以通过反射从导光板200提供的光来提高入射到显示面板100上的光的效率。
导板250可以形成为具有至少一个弯曲部的横截面的“L”形状。导板250包括第一主体251和第二主体253。第一主体251从下方支撑显示面板100的边缘。第二主体253从第一主体251的一端延伸并且被设置成围绕导光板200。
第一主体251和第二主体253具有台阶差。第二主体253从下方支撑光学片210的边缘。显示面板100和光学片210通过第一主体251和第二主体253之间的台阶差彼此间隔开。光学片210与导光板200之间的距离可以通过第二主体253保持恒定。可以考虑光学特性适当地选择显示面板100与光学片210之间的距离以及光学片210与导光板200之间的距离。
导板250可以具有穿过中心的框架形状。如稍后将描述的,优选的,导板250具有敞开的对应于光源的一个侧面的框架形状。导板250可以由能够模制到模具中的塑料材料例如聚碳酸酯制成。
显示面板100和导板250可以通过粘合层150彼此固定。粘合层150***在液晶显示面板100的边缘和导板250的第一主体251之间。粘合层150可以用于限制和限定显示面板100和导板250的相互移动,并且可以用于缓冲外力。
图5是根据本发明的实施方式的显示面板的示意图。图6是根据本发明的第一实施方式的导光板的示意图。图7是根据本发明的第二实施方式的导光板的示意图。图8是说明本发明的第一实施方式和第二实施方式之间的比较的视图。图9是示出第一台阶图案的形状的示例的视图。
参照图5,根据本发明的实施方式的显示面板100具有不规则的平面形状(或自由形式的平面形状)。也就是说,显示面板100的平面形状具有诸如多边形、圆形和椭圆形等各种平面形状,而不是如传统实例的矩形形状。因此,显示面板100的角部CR1可以具有预定曲率或倒角形状。
根据本发明的实施方式的液晶显示器设置有自由形式的显示面板100,使得其具有无论其形状如何均可应用于诸如电视机、汽车显示器和可穿戴设备等各种领域中的显示装置以及诸如智能手机和平板计算机等移动设备的优点。
显示面板100包括显示区域AA和限定在显示区域AA外部的非显示区域NA。非显示区域NA包括焊盘区域PA。在显示区域AA中布置有多个子像素。子像素可以以R(红色)、G(绿色)、B(蓝色)或R、G、B、W(白色)的方式布置在显示区域AA中以实现全色。子像素可以由彼此交叉的栅极线和数据线来限定。
柔性电路板30包括凸块(或端子)。柔性电路板30的凸块可以通过各向异性导电膜分别结合到焊盘区域PA的焊盘。
参照图6,在显示面板100的后表面上设置有导光板200和光源205。光源205被布置成面向导光板200的至少一个侧面。导光板200的面向光源205的一个侧表面可以被定义为光入射平面IP,并且导光板200的与光入射平面IP相对的另一个侧表面可以被定义为逆光入射平面RIP。在下文中,为了便于说明,将以光源205仅设置在导光板200的一个侧面的情况为例进行描述。
从光源205发射的光入射在导光板200上。通过导光板200的光入射平面IP入射的光在导光板200中通过全内反射行进,并且至少一部分的光朝向显示面板100发射到导光板200的外部。导光板200可以包括用于朝向向前的方向发射光的预定图案。预定图案可以形成在导光板200的前表面上,但是不限于此。
导光板200可以具有与显示面板100的平面形状对应的形状。也就是说,根据本发明的第一实施方式的导光板200可以具有不规则的平面形状(或者自由形式的平面形状)。因此,导光板200的角部CR2可以具有预定曲率或倒角形状。
当显示面板100和导光板200不具有对应的形状并且具有不同的形状时,由该偏差形成边框区域。边框区域的增加降低了用户的图像沉浸程度并导致美观性的劣化。因此,根据本发明的第一实施方式的导光板200的平面形状被形成为具有与显示面板100的形状对应的形状。
然而,入射在光入射平面IP上并且通过全内反射朝向逆光入射平面RIP行进的光在逆光入射平面RIP的具有预定曲率或倒角形状的角部CR2处被反射并且集中在与角部CR2邻近的一个区域中。也就是说,当逆光入射平面RIP的角部CR2具有预定的曲率或被倒角时,因为在逆光入射平面RIP的角部CR2处全反射的光没有适当地分散在不同的方向上,可能发生光局部地集中在与逆光入射平面RIP的角部CR2的形状对应的一个区域中的现象。
由于全反射光局部集中的区域的大小相对较大,因此从导光板200提供的光在整个区域不会朝向显示面板100均匀地发射,而是集中在特定区域。因此,这出现亮度均匀性显著降低的问题,这被认为是对于用户而言差的图像质量。
参照图7,为了防止上述问题,本发明的第二实施方式在逆光入射平面RIP的角部CR2处形成了多个第一台阶图案ST1。第一台阶图案ST1包括第一踏面TR1和第一踢面RI1。第一踏面TR1与第一踢面RI1之间的第一夹角具有预定角度α。最优选地,第一夹角是90°。在逆光入射平面RIP的角部CR2处全反射的光中,从第一踏面TR1反射的光和从第一踢面RI1反射的光可以沿不同的方向行进。
本发明的实施方式交替地形成第一踏面TR1和第一踢面RI1,第一踏面TR1和第一踢面RI1是具有不同的角度并且设置在逆光入射平面RIP的角部CR2处的两个倾斜面,使得可以控制在逆光入射平面RIP的角部CR2处全反射的光的路径。本发明的实施方式在逆光入射平面RIP的角部CR2处形成多个第一台阶图案ST1,使得可以将在逆光入射平面RIP的角部CR2处全反射的光分散成不集中在一个区域。
此外,本发明的实施方式交替地形成第一踏面TR1和第一踢面RI1,第一踏面TR1和第一踢面RI1是具有不同的角度并且设置在逆光入射平面RIP的角部CR2处的两个倾斜面,使得防止在逆光入射平面RIP和空气之间的界面处发生全内反射。因此,可以降低特定区域中的光的浓度。本发明的实施方式可以提供具有自由形式的显示面板100和自由形式的导光板200并且明显改善了亮度均匀性的液晶显示器。
图8是用于说明第一实施方式和第二实施方式之间的比较的视图,并且图示了示出逆光入射平面RIP的角部CR2处的光的路径的光线追踪以及根据光线追踪的仿真结果。参照图8,与第一实施方式相比,在第二实施方式中,可以看出在逆光入射平面RIP的角部CR2处全反射的光没有过度集中在一个区域中而是被适当地分散。此外,可以看出,与第一实施方式相比,在第二实施方式中,在逆光入射平面RIP的角部CR2处反射的光局部集中的区域的大小显著减小。因此,本发明的第二实施方式确保亮度均匀性,使得本发明的第二实施方式具有可以提供具有改善的图像质量特性的液晶显示器的优点。
参照图9(a)和图9(b),为了减小边框区域,可以减小第一台阶图案ST1的形状尺寸。也就是说,可以期望的是,如果在工艺中可能的话,第一踏面TR1和第一踢面RI1具有最小的长度。
参照图9(c),为了减小边框区域,第一台阶图案ST1可以形成为使得连接每个第一台阶图案ST1的前缘NS的虚线形成曲线。前缘NS是指在一个第一台阶图案ST1中第一踏面TR1和第一踢面RI1相交的部分。由虚线形成的曲线的曲率可以与显示面板100的角部CR1的曲率对应。此时,任何一个第一台阶图案ST1的形状尺寸可以与其他第一台阶图案ST1的形状尺寸不同。也就是说,至少一个第一台阶图案ST1的第一踏面TR1和第一踢面RI1的长度可以是不同的,任何一个第一踏面TR1和另一个第一踏面TR1的长度可以是不同的,并且第一踢面RI1中的任一个第一踢面RI1的长度和第一踢面RI1中的另一个第一踢面RI1的长度可以是不同的。在连接第一台阶图案ST1中每个第一台阶图案ST1的前缘NS的虚线形成曲线的实例中,与直线相比,可以显著减小边框区域。
图10是根据本发明的第三实施方式的导光板的示意图。
参照图10,本发明的第三实施方式还可以在形成在逆光入射平面RIP的角部CR2处的第一踏面TR1和第一踢面RI1中的至少一个上形成辅助图案APT。辅助图案APT可以形成有凸部(或浮雕)或凹部(或凹雕)。辅助图案APT可以具有点形状或者圆锥形状,但是不限于此。
辅助图案APT可以转换(或控制)在逆光入射平面RIP的角部CR2处全反射的光的路径。可替选地,辅助图案APT可以防止至少一些光由于第一踏面TR1与空气之间的界面和/或第一踢面RI1与空气之间的界面而被全反射。因此,本发明的第三实施方式可以提供一种通过使特定区域中的光的浓度最小化来确保亮度均匀性的液晶显示器。
图11是根据本发明的第四实施方式的导光板的示意图。
参照图11,根据本发明的第四实施方式的导光板200包括形成在反转光入射平面RIP的角部CR2处的第一台阶图案ST1和从上方覆盖第一台阶图案ST1的遮光构件300。
如上所述,尽管本发明的实施方式通过在逆光入射平面RIP的角部CR2处形成第一台阶图案ST1可以显著减小全反射光被集中的区域的大小,但是难以完全去除该区域。也就是说,在逆光入射平面RIP的端部,可能保留沿着第一台阶图案ST1的形状光集中的区域。
本发明的第四实施方式包括遮光构件300,以防止光集中在一个区域中并沿着第一台阶图案ST1发射。遮光构件300设置在第一台阶图案ST1的上侧并且可以遮挡第一台阶图案ST1。遮光构件300可以是遮光带,但不限于此。本发明的第四实施方式具有可以显著改善亮度不均匀的优点。
虽然未示出,但是导光板200可以具有预定的发射图案,用于将通过全内反射在导光板200中行进的光发射到导光板200的外部。发射图案可以设置在导光板200的前表面和/或后表面上。
本发明的第四实施方式可以根据位置不同地形成发射图案的密度,以防止光集中在一个区域中并沿着第一台阶图案ST1过度发射。也就是说,发射图案的密度在光集中并且发射较大量的光的第一区域与作为另一个区域的第二区域中可以不同。第一区域中的发射图案的密度比第二区域中的发射图案的密度低。第一区域的位置和第二区域的位置可以通过分析在与第一台阶图案ST1邻近的位置处的光发射的程度来选择。
图12是根据本发明的实施方式的导板的示意图。图13是说明根据本发明实施方式的导板和导光板之间的关系的示意图。
参照图12,根据本发明的实施方式的导板250具有穿过中心且一个侧面敞开的框架形状。敞开导板250的所述一个侧面是与导光板200的光入射平面IP对应的表面。也就是说,敞开导板250的所述一个侧面是面向光源205的表面。因此,导板250可以由三个侧面和两个角部组成,所述两个角部分别连接三个侧面中的两个邻近侧面。
本发明的实施方式去除导板250的一个侧面,使得导板250在液晶显示器中占据的面积可以被最小化。因此,本发明的实施方式具有可以提供边框区域被最小化的液晶显示器的优点。
然而,当导板250的一个侧面敞开时,所述一个侧面的两个相邻侧面的运动(①)可以相对自由。因此,由于导板250的两个相邻侧面的移动(①),应力可能集中在导板250的连接三个侧面的两个角部上。也就是说,导板250的两个角部可能易受裂纹伤害。
本发明的实施方式可以通过增强在导板250的两个角部的材料来确保足够的厚度,以防止上述问题。也就是说,导板250的两个角部中的至少一个角部具有比导板250的其他部分更厚的厚度。因此,本发明的实施方式可以增强导板250的刚性,由此提供具有结实结构的液晶显示器。
参照图13,由于根据本发明的实施方式的导光板200具有自由形式的角部形状,所以在导光板200的角部CR2与导板250的角部之间设置有空的内部空间IS。在导板250的角部处的厚度的增强可以通过在内部空间IS中向导板250添加材料来实现。可以将材料添加到导板250的面向导光板200的第二主体253。因此,本发明的实施方式具有在不改变液晶显示器的整体形状的情况下可以确保导板250的刚性的优点。
第二主体253包括具有第二踏面TR2和第二踢面RI2的多个第二台阶图案ST2。第二踏面TR2和第二踢面RI2之间的第二夹角具有预定的角度β。
第二主体253的第二台阶图案ST2和导光板200的第一台阶图案ST1可以布置成彼此接合。第二踏面TR2被布置成与第一踏面TR1相对,并且第二踢面RI2被布置成与第一踢面RI1相对。另外,第一夹角α与第二夹角β可以大致相同。
导光板200的第一台阶图案ST1和导板250的第二台阶图案ST2被布置成彼此接合,使得导光板200和导板250的相互移动可以受到约束和限制。因此,本发明的实施方式可以提供具有刚性紧固结构的液晶显示器。
<修改例>
在下文中,参照图14至图16,将对根据本发明的修改例的液晶显示器进行描述。图14是示意性地示出本发明的修改例的液晶显示器的视图。图15是导光板的凹口部的放大视图。图16是说明根据本发明的修改例的效果的视图。
参照图14,根据本发明的修改例的液晶显示器包括液晶模块和光学传感器SE。液晶模块包括显示面板100和背光单元。背光单元包括设置在显示面板100下方的导光板200以及设置在导光板200的至少一个侧面上的光源205。
光学传感器SE在液晶模块下方执行液晶显示器的辅助功能。光学传感器SE可以是摄像机(或图像传感器)或照度传感器,但不限于此。
显示面板100和导光板200包括凹口部NC。凹口部NC是在液晶模块中开口的区域,并且露出光学传感器SE的设置在液晶模块下面的一部分。凹口部NC具有自由形式的平面形状。也就是说,显示面板100的凹口部NC可以具有预定曲率或倒角形状,并且导光板200的凹口部NC可以具有预定曲率或倒角形状。
显示面板100和导光板200的凹口部NC与光学传感器SE的一部分交叠。光学传感器SE的与凹口部NC交叠的暴露部AR可以是摄像机的透镜(即,光接收部或光截取部)或者照度传感器的一部分(即,光接收部分或光截取部)。由于光学传感器SE的暴露部AR与凹口部NC交叠,所以光的路径不被干扰并且可以执行该功能。
凹口部NC可以形成在导光板200的中央与导光板200的逆光入射平面RIP对应的位置处。因此,本发明的实施方式可以确定自由形式的显示面板100的形状而不依赖于用于露出光学传感器SE的暴露部AR的凹口部NC的位置。
由于凹口部NC与其中不显示输入图像的非显示区域对应,所以凹口部NC的面积的增加意味着边框区域的增加。如上所述,本发明的修改例可以通过形成凹口部NC以仅露出光学传感器SE的一部分来使凹口部NC占据的面积最小化。具体地,在本发明的修改例中,占据较大容纳空间的传感器壳体MD的大部分被液晶模块遮挡,并且通过凹口部NC仅露出设置在传感器外壳MD的一部分中并且需要确保光路的暴露部AR,使得可以使凹口部NC的面积最小。因此,本发明的修改例可以提供具有光学传感器SE并使边框区域最小化的液晶显示器。
参照图15,入射到光入射平面IP并通过全内反射朝向凹口部NC行进的光从具有预定曲率的凹口表面被全反射,并且可以被集中在与凹口表面邻近的一个区域中。凹口表面是指导光板200的与在逆光入射平面RIP中的凹口部NC对应的侧表面。
在本发明的修改例中,在导光板200的凹口表面上可以进一步形成多个第三台阶图案ST3,以防止光集中在特定区域的问题。第三台阶图案ST3包括第三踏面TR3和第三踢面RI3。第三踏面TR3与第三踢面RI3之间的第三夹角具有预定角度γ。可能最优选的是第三夹角γ是90°。在从凹口表面全反射的光中从第三踏面TR3反射的光和从第三踢面RI3反射的光可以沿不同的方向行进。
在根据本发明的修改例中,交替地形成有作为在凹口表面上具有不同的角度的两个倾斜表面的第三踏面TR3和第三踢面RI3,使得可以控制从凹口表面全反射的光的路径。本发明的修改例在凹口表面上形成有多个第三台阶图案ST3,使得本发明的修改例可以使从凹口表面全反射的光分散以不集中在一个区域。
此外,在本发明的修改例中,交替地形成有作为在凹口表面上具有不同的角度的两个倾斜表面的第三踏面TR3和第三踢面RI3,使得可以防止一些光从第三踏面TR3与空气之间的界面和/或第三踢面RI3与空气之间的界面被完全反射。因此,可以减少特定区域中的光的浓度。本发明的修改例可以提供包括具有凹口部NC的导光板200并且显著改善亮度均匀性的液晶显示器。
图16是说明比较例与修改例之间的比较的视图,并且图示了示出在凹口表面上的光的路径的光线追踪以及根据光线追踪的仿真结果。参照图16,与比较例相比,在修改例中,可以看出从凹口表面全反射的光不会过度集中在一个区域中,而是被适当地分散。此外,可以看出,与比较例相比,在修改例中,从凹口表面全反射的光局部集中的区域的大小显著减小。因此,本发明的修改例确保了亮度均匀性,使得本发明的修改例具有可以提供具有改善的图像质量特性的液晶显示器的优点。
根据本发明实施方式的液晶显示器设置有自由形式的显示面板和自由形式的导光板,使得其具有可应用于诸如电视机、汽车显示器、可穿戴设备的各种领域中的显示装置以及诸如智能手机、平板计算机等的移动设备的优点。
虽然已经参照大量示例性实施方式对实施方式进行了描述,但是应当理解,本领域技术人员可以在本公开内容的原理的范围内设计出大量其他的修改和实施方式。更具体地,可以在本公开内容、附图和所附权利要求的范围内对主题组合布置的部件和/或布置进行各种变化和修改。除了部件和/或布置方面的变化和修改之外,替代性用途对于本领域技术人员来说也是明显的。
Claims (16)
1.一种导光板,包括:
从光源提供的光入射到上面的光入射平面;以及
面向所述光入射平面的逆光入射平面;
其中,所述逆光入射平面具有至少一个角部;
所述至少一个角部具有包括第一踏面和第一踢面的多个第一台阶图案;
所述第一踏面和所述第一踢面中至少之一上形成有辅助图案;并且
所述辅助图案具有浮雕或凹雕。
2.根据权利要求1所述的导光板,其中,所述第一踏面与所述第一踢面之间的第一夹角为90°。
3.根据权利要求1所述的导光板,其中,所述第一台阶图案中的每一个包括前缘,所述第一踏面和所述第一踢面在所述前缘处相接,并且
其中,连接所述第一台阶图案的前缘的线形成曲线。
4.根据权利要求1所述的导光板,其中,所述第一台阶图案中的至少一个包括具有彼此不同长度的所述第一踏面和所述第一踢面。
5.根据权利要求1所述的导光板,其中,所述第一台阶图案中的至少一个的所述第一踏面和所述第一台阶图案中的至少另一个的所述第一踏面具有不同的长度。
6.根据权利要求1所述的导光板,其中,所述第一台阶图案中的至少一个的所述第一踢面和所述第一台阶图案中的至少另一个的所述第一踢面具有不同的长度。
7.根据权利要求1所述的导光板,还包括:
遮光构件,所述遮光构件布置在所述第一台阶图案的上侧上。
8.根据权利要求1所述的导光板,还包括:
将从所述光源入射的光发射到所述导光板的前表面的发射图案,以及
所述发射图案的密度不同的第一区域和第二区域,
其中,所述第一区域和所述第二区域被限定在与所述逆光入射平面的角部邻近的区域中。
9.一种包括导光板和显示面板的液晶显示器,所述导光板具有光从光源入射到上面的光入射平面以及与所述光入射平面相对的逆光入射平面,所述显示面板布置在所述导光板上,
其中,所述逆光入射平面具有至少一个角部;
所述至少一个角部具有包括第一踏面和第一踢面的多个第一台阶图案;
所述第一踏面和所述第一踢面中至少之一上形成有辅助图案;
所述辅助图案具有浮雕或凹雕;并且
所述显示面板具有与所述逆光入射平面的至少一个角部中的一个对应并且具有预定曲率或倒角形状的角部。
10.根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示器,其中,所述第一台阶图案中的每一个包括前缘,所述第一踏面和所述第一踢面在所述前缘处相接,以及
其中,连接所述第一台阶图案的前缘的线形成曲线,并且
其中,所述曲线的曲率对应于所述显示面板的曲率。
11.根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示器,还包括:
导板,所述导板包括:
从下方支撑所述显示面板的第一主体;以及
从所述第一主体延伸以围绕所述导光板的第二主体,
其中,所述导板在与所述光入射平面对应的一个侧面敞开,并且
由三个侧面和连接所述三个侧面的两个角部构成。
12.根据权利要求11所述的液晶显示器,其中,所述导板的两个角部中的至少一个具有比所述导板的其他部分更厚的厚度。
13.根据权利要求11所述的液晶显示器,其中,所述第二主体包括多个第二台阶图案,所述多个第二台阶图案包括第二踏面和第二踢面,以及
其中,所述多个第二台阶图案与所述多个第一台阶图案接合。
14.根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示器,还包括:
布置在所述导光板下方的光学传感器,所述光学传感器具有传感器外壳和设置在所述传感器外壳的一部分中的暴露部,
其中,所述显示面板和所述导光板各自包括露出所述暴露部的凹口部分。
15.根据权利要求14所述的液晶显示器,其中,在与所述逆光入射平面对应的位置处,所述凹口部分设置在所述显示面板和所述导光板的中央。
16.根据权利要求15所述的液晶显示器,其中,所述显示面板的所述凹口部分具有预定曲率、倒角形状,并且
其中,所述导光板的所述凹口部分具有预定曲率、倒角形状或者包括第三踏面和第三踢面的多个第三台阶图案。
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US11056659B2 (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2021-07-06 | Kunshan Go-Visionox Opto-Electronics Co., Ltd. | Display panels and display devices |
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CN110780376B (zh) * | 2019-11-22 | 2021-10-26 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 导光板及其制作方法、背光源、显示装置和撞点设备 |
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