CN108155809B - The control method of electric car and its DC-DC converter and DC-DC converter - Google Patents

The control method of electric car and its DC-DC converter and DC-DC converter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108155809B
CN108155809B CN201611111281.3A CN201611111281A CN108155809B CN 108155809 B CN108155809 B CN 108155809B CN 201611111281 A CN201611111281 A CN 201611111281A CN 108155809 B CN108155809 B CN 108155809B
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China
Prior art keywords
bridge
control
converter
tube
time
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CN108155809A (en
Inventor
张妮
王兴辉
王超
沈晓峰
邬白贺
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/3353—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having at least two simultaneously operating switches on the input side, e.g. "double forward" or "double (switched) flyback" converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of electric car and its control methods of DC-DC converter and DC-DC converter, wherein, DC-DC converter includes H bridge, H bridge includes first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube, control method is the following steps are included: in the whole life cycle of DC-DC converter, using phase shift modulation control mode and down tube modulate control mode alternately, H bridge is controlled based on total time TA and TB selection first method or second method when using the control mode of phase shift modulation, it is selected in the first way based on setting time Tx and Ty again or second method alternately controls H bridge, and it selects alternately to control H bridge with Third Way or fourth way based on setting time Ti and Tm in the control mode for using down tube to modulate, with Temperature equalization control is carried out to first switch tube to the 4th switching tube, so that the fever relative equilibrium of first to fourth switching tube in H bridge, improves the working life of switching tube in H bridge.

Description

The control method of electric car and its DC-DC converter and DC-DC converter
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric vehicle engineering field, in particular to a kind of control method of DC-DC converter, a kind of DC- DC converter and a kind of electric car.
Background technique
DC-DC converter is always the important component part of field of power electronics, along with the commercialized hair of electric car Exhibition, DC-DC converter also have become one of important spare part on electric car.The topological structure of DC-DC converter has very much, In Medium-and-large-sized power domain, full bridge PWM converter are a kind of most commonly used topologys.
Wherein, the control mode of full bridge PWM converter has very much, and mostly uses the control of phase shift modulation greatly in the related technology The control mode of mode and down tube modulation.However, using phase shift modulation control mode when, leading arm Sofe Switch easy to accomplish, And lagging leg is not easy to realize Sofe Switch, so that lagging leg is more serious than leading arm fever；When the control mode modulated using down tube, on Sofe Switch easy to accomplish is managed, and down tube is not easy to realize Sofe Switch, so that down tube is more serious than upper tube fever.
Therefore, both the above control mode will lead to switching tube fever serious problems, influence the working life of switching tube.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to solve one of the technical problem in above-mentioned technology at least to a certain extent.For this purpose, of the invention First purpose be to propose a kind of control method of DC-DC converter, enables to first to fourth switching tube in H bridge Fever relative equilibrium, improves the working life of switching tube in H bridge.
Second object of the present invention is to propose a kind of DC-DC converter.Third object of the present invention is to propose A kind of electric car.
In order to achieve the above objectives, one aspect of the present invention embodiment proposes a kind of control method of DC-DC converter, In, the DC-DC converter includes H bridge, and the H bridge includes that first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th are opened Guan Guan, wherein the first switch tube and the second switch constitute the first bridge arm, the third switching tube and the described 4th Switching tube constitutes the second bridge arm, and the control method obtains the following steps are included: when the DC-DC converter is worked The DC-DC converter last time work when control mode, and according to the DC-DC converter last time work when control Mode selects control mode when this task, wherein the control mode of the DC-DC converter includes the control of phase shift modulation The control mode of mode and down tube modulation；Control mode when selecting this work for the phase shift modulation control mode When, acquisition controls total time TA of the H bridge in the first way and controls the total time TB of the H bridge in a second manner, and obtains With institute in each working cycles in the course of work for taking the DC-DC converter that the control mode of the phase shift modulation is used to carry out The setting time Ty that first method is controlled setting time Tx of the H bridge and controlled the H bridge with the second method is stated, and To described when by judging the relationship between the total time TA and the total time TB to select DC-DC converter starting The mode that H bridge is controlled, and alternately control is carried out to the H bridge according to the setting time Tx and setting time Ty, To carry out temperature equalization control to the first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube, wherein with When the first method controls the H bridge, using first bridge arm as leading-bridge, and using second bridge arm as lag Bridge arm；When controlling the H bridge with the second method, using second bridge arm as leading-bridge, and by first bridge arm As lagging leg；When the control mode that the control mode when selecting this work is modulated for the down tube, obtain with third Mode is controlled setting time Ti of the H bridge and is controlled the setting time Tm of the H bridge with fourth way, and according to the setting The time Ti and setting time Tm alternately control to the first switch tube, second switch, third to the H bridge Switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein when controlling the H bridge with the Third Way, by described the One switching tube and the third switching tube as upper tube and using the second switch and the 4th switching tube as down tube, And the first switch tube to the 4th switching tube is controlled using the control mode of down tube modulation；With the four directions When formula controls the H bridge, using the first switch tube and the third switching tube as down tube and by the second switch With the 4th switching tube as upper tube, and the first switch tube to the described 4th is opened using the control mode of down tube modulation Pipe is closed to be controlled.
The control method of DC-DC converter according to an embodiment of the present invention is obtained when DC-DC converter is worked The DC-DC converter last time work when control mode, and according to the DC-DC converter last time work when control mode select Control mode when this task, so that the control mode of phase shift modulation and down tube tune in DC-DC converter whole life cycle The control mode of system is alternately.Wherein, the control mode when selecting this work for phase shift modulation control mode when, obtain It takes total time TA for controlling H bridge in the first way and controls the total time TB of H bridge in a second manner, and obtain DC-DC converter When controlling the setting of H bridge in the first way in each working cycles in the course of work carried out using the control mode of phase shift modulation Between Tx and in a second manner control H bridge setting time Ty, then judge the relationship between total time TA and total time TB, finally The mode that H bridge is controlled when being started according to the relationship selection DC-DC converter between total time TA and total time TB, and In the course of work of DC-DC converter according to Tx and Ty to H bridge carry out alternately control, with to first switch tube, second switch, Third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control；What the control mode when selecting this work was modulated for down tube When control mode, the setting time Tm that H bridge is controlled with the setting time Ti of Third Way control H bridge and with fourth way is obtained, Then H bridge alternately control to first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switch according to Ti and Tm Pipe carries out temperature equalization control, thus in whole life cycle, root when DC-DC converter uses the control mode of phase shift modulation Total time TA according to record with first select first method or second method to control H bridge total time TB, and then use again First method and second method alternately control H bridge, and DC-DC converter is logical when being worked using the control mode of down tube modulation It crosses Third Way and fourth way and alternately controls H bridge, so that the fever relative equilibrium of each switching tube, is not increasing cost In the case where, the working life of switching tube in H bridge is improved, so as to extend the life cycle of DC-DC converter.
In order to achieve the above objectives, a kind of DC-DC converter that another aspect of the present invention embodiment proposes, comprising: H bridge, institute Stating H bridge includes first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube, wherein the first switch tube and institute It states second switch and constitutes the first bridge arm, the third switching tube and the 4th switching tube constitute the second bridge arm；Control module, The control module when the DC-DC converter is worked for obtaining when once working in the DC-DC converter Control mode, and control mode when control mode when being worked according to the DC-DC converter last time selects this task, The control mode of the DC-DC converter includes the control mode of phase shift modulation and the control mode of down tube modulation, wherein elected When control mode when selecting this task is the control mode of the phase shift modulation, the control module acquisition is controlled in the first way It makes total time TA of the H bridge and controls the total time TB of the H bridge in a second manner, and obtain the DC-DC converter and adopt The H is controlled with the first method in each working cycles in the course of work carried out with the control mode of the phase shift modulation Setting time Tx of bridge and the setting time Ty that the H bridge is controlled with the second method, and by judging the total time Relationship between TA and the total time TB in a manner of selecting the DC-DC converter to control when starting the H bridge, And according to the setting time Tx and setting time Ty to the H bridge carry out alternately control, with to the first switch tube, Second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein described in first method control When H bridge, using first bridge arm as leading-bridge, and using second bridge arm as lagging leg；With the second method When controlling the H bridge, using second bridge arm as leading-bridge, and using first bridge arm as lagging leg；Work as selection When control mode when this task is the control mode of down tube modulation, the control module acquisition is controlled with Third Way Setting time Ti of the H bridge and the setting time Tm that the H bridge is controlled with fourth way, and according to the setting time Ti and The setting time Tm to the H bridge carry out alternately control with to the first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and 4th switching tube carries out temperature equalization control, wherein when controlling the H bridge with the Third Way, by the first switch tube With the third switching tube as upper tube and using the second switch and the 4th switching tube as down tube, and under use The control mode of pipe modulation controls the first switch tube to the 4th switching tube；Institute is controlled with the fourth way When stating H bridge, using the first switch tube and the third switching tube as down tube and by the second switch and described Four switching tubes carry out the first switch tube to the 4th switching tube as upper tube, and using the control mode of down tube modulation Control.
DC-DC converter according to an embodiment of the present invention obtains DC-DC by control module when being actuated for work The converter last time work when control mode, and according to the DC-DC converter last time work when control mode select this Control mode when work so that in DC-DC converter whole life cycle the control mode of phase shift modulation and down tube modulation Control mode is alternately.Wherein, the control mode when selecting this work for phase shift modulation control mode when, pass through control Molding block obtains total time TA for controlling H bridge in the first way and controls the total time TB of H bridge in a second manner, and obtains DC- H bridge is controlled in the first way in each working cycles in the course of work that DC converter is carried out using the control mode of phase shift modulation Setting time Tx and in a second manner control H bridge setting time Ty, then judge between total time TA and total time TB Relationship controls H bridge when finally being started according to the relationship selection DC-DC converter between total time TA and total time TB Mode, and alternately control is carried out to H bridge according to Tx and Ty in the course of work of DC-DC converter, to first switch tube, the Two switching tubes, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control；Control mode when selecting this work for When the control mode of down tube modulation, is obtained by control module and the setting time Ti of H bridge is controlled with Third Way and with four directions Formula controls the setting time Tm of H bridge, then alternately control is carried out to H bridge according to Ti and Tm, to first switch tube, second switch Pipe, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, thus in whole life cycle, using phase shift modulation First select first method or second method to H bridge according to total time TA of record and total time TB when control mode is worked It is controlled, then H bridge is alternately controlled using first method and second method again, carried out using the control mode of down tube modulation H bridge is alternately controlled by Third Way and fourth way when work, so that the fever relative equilibrium of each switching tube, not In the case where increasing cost, the working life of switching tube in H bridge is improved, so as to extend life cycle.
In addition, the embodiment of the present invention also proposed a kind of electric car comprising above-mentioned DC-DC converter.
The electric car of the embodiment of the present invention can control DC-DC converter in whole life cycle using phase shift tune The control mode of control mode and the down tube modulation of system alternately, and when being worked using the control mode of phase shift modulation It first selects first method or second method to control H bridge with total time TB according to total time TA of record, then uses again First method and second method alternately control H bridge, pass through Third Way when being worked using the control mode that down tube is modulated Alternately control H bridge with fourth way, can be realized in H bridge first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and 4th switching tube carries out temperature equalization control, so that the fever relative equilibrium of each switching tube, in the case where not increasing cost, The working life for improving switching tube in H bridge, to extend the life cycle of DC-DC converter.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram according to the DC-DC converter of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart according to the control method of the DC-DC converter of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 A is four when being controlled using first method the H bridge switching tube according to one embodiment of the invention Drive waveforms schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 B is four when being controlled using second method the H bridge switching tube according to one embodiment of the invention Drive waveforms schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 A is four when being controlled using Third Way the H bridge switching tube according to one embodiment of the invention Drive waveforms schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 B is four when being controlled using fourth way the H bridge switching tube according to one embodiment of the invention Drive waveforms schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the flow chart according to the control method of the DC-DC converter of a specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the block diagram according to the electric car of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, it is intended to is used to explain the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
With reference to the accompanying drawings come describe the embodiment of the present invention proposition DC-DC converter control method, DC-DC converter And the electric car with the DC-DC converter.
As shown in Figure 1, DC-DC converter according to an embodiment of the invention includes H bridge, H bridge may include first switch Pipe Q1, second switch Q2, third switching tube Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4.Wherein, first switch tube Q1 and second switch Q2 The first bridge arm is constituted, third switching tube Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4 constitute the second bridge arm, first switch tube Q1 and second switch There is first node A between Q2, there is second node B between third switching tube Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4.
Also, as shown in Figure 1, the DC-DC converter further includes transformer, the first inductance L1, first capacitor C1, the second electricity Sense L2 and the second capacitor C2, the 5th switching tube Q5, the 6th switching tube Q6, one end of the first inductance L1 are connected with first node A, the The other end of one inductance L1 is connected with one end of first capacitor C1, the armature winding of the other end and transformer of first capacitor C1 One end is connected, and the other end of the armature winding of transformer is connected with second node B.The secondary windings of transformer is separately connected the 5th Switching tube Q5 and the 6th switching tube Q6, the second inductance L2 and the second capacitor C2 are connected to the output end of DC-DC converter.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2, the control method of above-mentioned DC-DC converter the following steps are included:
S1 obtains the control mode when work of DC-DC converter last time, and root when DC-DC converter is worked Control mode when working according to the DC-DC converter last time selects control mode when this task, wherein DC-DC converter Control mode include phase shift modulation control mode and down tube modulation control mode.
In other words, the every task of DC-DC converter starts, and reads control mode used by the last time, if last work Control mode used by making is the control mode of phase shift modulation, then this task of DC-DC converter will be using down tube modulation Control mode；If last time work used by control mode be down tube modulation control mode, DC-DC converter this Work will be using the control mode of phase shift modulation.In this way, in the whole life cycle of DC-DC converter, the control of phase shift modulation The control mode of mode and down tube modulation processed is alternately.
S2, control mode when selecting this work for phase shift modulation control mode when, acquisition is controlled in the first way Total time TA of H bridge processed and the total time TB for controlling H bridge in a second manner, and DC-DC converter is obtained using phase shift modulation The setting time Tx of H bridge is controlled in the first way in each working cycles in the course of work that control mode carries out and with second party Formula controls the setting time Ty of H bridge, and selects DC-DC to convert by judging the relationship between total time TA and total time TB The mode that device controls H bridge when starting, and alternately control is carried out to H bridge according to setting time Tx and setting time Ty, with Temperature equalization control is carried out to first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube.
Wherein, when controlling the H bridge with the first method, using first bridge arm as leading-bridge, and will be described Second bridge arm is as lagging leg；When controlling the H bridge with the second method, using second bridge arm as leading-bridge, And using first bridge arm as lagging leg.
According to one embodiment of present invention, when controlling the H bridge with the first method, output to first switch tube Q1 Control signal with output to second switch Q2 control signal it is complementary and export to third switching tube Q3 control signal It is complementary with the control signal of output to the 4th switching tube Q4, and the previous phase angle super than the 4th switching tube Q4 first switch tube Q1 It opens and the previous phase angle super than third switching tube Q3 second switch Q2 is open-minded.
Specifically, the drive of the drive waveforms of first switch tube Q1, the drive waveforms of second switch Q2, third switching tube Q3 Voltage U between two bridge arms of dynamic waveform, the drive waveforms of the 4th switching tube Q4 and H bridgeABWaveform is as shown in Figure 3A.From figure 3A it can be concluded that, the control signal of Q1, Q2 are complementary in four switching tubes of H bridge, and the control signal of Q3, Q4 are complementary, and diagonal line is opened The pass super previous phase angle pipe Q1 ratio Q4 is open-minded, and Q2 ratio Q3 is super, and previous phase angle is open-minded.Also, by adjusting the phase angle Size adjusts output voltage.
Also, when controlling the H bridge with the second method, exports to the control signal of first switch tube Q1 and export extremely The control signal and output to the 4th switching tube that the control signal of second switch Q2 is complementary and output is to third switching tube Q3 The control signal of Q4 is complementary, and the previous phase angle super than first switch tube Q1 the 4th switching tube Q4 is opened and third switch Pipe Q3 is super than second switch Q2, and previous phase angle is open-minded.
Specifically, the drive of the drive waveforms of first switch tube Q1, the drive waveforms of second switch Q2, third switching tube Q3 Voltage U between two bridge arms of dynamic waveform, the drive waveforms of the 4th switching tube Q4 and H bridgeABWaveform is as shown in Figure 3B.From figure 4 it can be concluded that, the control signal of Q1, Q2 are complementary in four switching tubes of H bridge, and the control signal of Q3, Q4 are complementary, diagonal wiretap The super previous phase angle pipe Q4 ratio Q1 is open-minded, and Q3 ratio Q2 is super, and previous phase angle is open-minded.Equally, by adjusting the big of the phase angle It is small to adjust output voltage.
Wherein, it should be noted that in the course of work that DC-DC converter is carried out using the control mode of phase shift modulation In, if controlled only with first method A H bridge, Sofe Switch is difficult to realize as switching tube Q3, Q4 in lagging leg That is zero voltage switch, therefore the switching loss of switching tube Q3, Q4 are big, cause to overheat.
Similarly, in the course of work that DC-DC converter is carried out using the control mode of phase shift modulation, if only with Second method B controls H bridge, is difficult to realize Sofe Switch, that is, zero voltage switch as switching tube Q1, Q2 in lagging leg, Therefore the switching loss of switching tube Q1, Q2 are big, cause to overheat.
Therefore, in one embodiment of the invention, DC-DC converter is worked using the control mode of phase shift modulation When, the time that record controls H bridge using first method A, thus the available total time for controlling H bridge in the first way Then TA is stored；When being controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge using second method B, record is used The time that second method B controls H bridge, so that the available total time TB for controlling H bridge in a second manner, is then deposited Storage.Then when DC-DC converter is started worked with the control mode of phase shift modulation every time, judge total time TA and it is total when Between relationship between TB, finally according to when the relationship selection DC-DC converter starting between total time TA and total time TB to H bridge The mode controlled.
Specifically, according to one embodiment of present invention, according to the pass between the total time TA and the total time TB When system selects the mode controlled when DC-DC converter starting to the H bridge, wherein when the total time TA is greater than When the total time TB, the second method is selected to control the H bridge in DC-DC converter starting, until The total time TA is equal to the total time TB；When the total time TA is less than the total time TB, converted in the DC-DC Device selects the first method to control the H bridge when starting, until the total time TA is equal to the total time TB；When When the total time TA is equal to the total time TB, the first method or described is selected in DC-DC converter starting Second method is to carry out alternately control to the H bridge according to Tx and Ty.
Wherein, alternately control is carried out to the H bridge according to the setting time Tx and setting time Ty, comprising: when When reaching Tx using the time that the first method controls the H bridge, the H bridge is controlled using the second method, Until reaching Ty using the time that the second method controls the H bridge；Or when using the second method control H bridge Time when reaching Ty, the H bridge is controlled using the first method, until using described in first method control The time of H bridge reaches Tx.
That is, DC-DC converter using phase shift modulation control mode work before, from storage region obtain with First method controls total time TA of H bridge and controls the total time TB of H bridge in a second manner, then Tx and Ty is arranged, then to total Are judged time TA and total time TB, is determined according to judging result and first control H bridge using first method or first adopt H bridge is controlled with second method, i.e., total time TA for controlling H bridge in the first way is obtained from storage region and is controlled in a second manner The total time TB of H bridge processed, and the purpose judged the relationship between total time TA and total time TB is confirmation DC-DC transformation The mode to the control of H bridge that device first selects when starting.For example, if the TA=20 minute, TB=18 minutes that get, DC- DC converter first selects second method B to be controlled such that DC-DC converter starts work to H bridge in this task, and 2 It is switched to after minute and DC-DC converter, which works, to be controlled such that H bridge using first method A, until using first party The time that formula A controls H bridge reaches Tx, then is switched to and is controlled such that DC-DC is converted to H bridge using second method B Device works, until reaching Ty using the time that second method B controls H bridge, so completes a working cycles (i.e. One net cycle time=Tx+Ty), then be switched to using first method A to H bridge be controlled such that DC-DC converter into Row work is then switched to using second method B until reaching Tx using the time that first method A controls H bridge to H Bridge is controlled such that DC-DC converter works, until being reached using the time that second method B controls H bridge Ty ... ... is carried out repeatedly, is realized and is carried out alternately control to H bridge, to realize to first switch tube, second switch, the Three switching tubes and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control.And if the TA=18 minute, TB=20 minutes that get, DC-DC converter first selects first method A to be controlled such that DC-DC converter starts work to H bridge in this task, and It is switched to after the 2 minutes and DC-DC converter, which works, to be controlled such that H bridge using second method B, until using second The time that mode B controls H bridge reaches Ty, then is switched to and is controlled such that DC-DC becomes to H bridge using first method A Parallel operation works, until reaching Tx using the time that first method A controls H bridge, so completes a working cycles (i.e. a net cycle time=Tx+Ty), then be switched to and DC-DC converter is controlled such that H bridge using second method B It works, until reaching Ty using the time that second method B controls H bridge, then switches to using A pairs of first method H bridge is controlled such that DC-DC converter works, until being reached using the time that first method A controls H bridge Tx ... ... is carried out repeatedly, is realized and is carried out alternately control to H bridge, to realize to first switch tube, second switch, the Three switching tubes and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control.
Certainly, when total time TA got being equal to total time TB, in DC-DC converter with the controlling party of phase shift modulation Formula directly first can be controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge using first method A when starting, until using the The time that one mode A controls H bridge reaches Tx, is switched to and is controlled such that DC-DC becomes to H bridge using second method B Parallel operation works, until reaching Ty using the time that second method B controls H bridge, so completes a working cycles (i.e. a net cycle time=Tx+Ty), then be switched to and DC-DC converter is controlled such that H bridge using first method A It works, until reaching Tx using the time that first method A controls H bridge, then switches to using B pairs of second method H bridge is controlled such that DC-DC converter works, until being reached using the time that second method B controls H bridge Ty ... ... is carried out repeatedly, is realized and is carried out alternately control to H bridge, to realize to first switch tube, second switch, the Three switching tubes and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control.Alternatively, when total time TA got being equal to total time TB, In DC-DC converter can also directly first be controlled such that H bridge using second method B when being started with the control mode of phase shift modulation DC-DC converter works, until reaching Ty using the time that second method B controls H bridge, is switched to using first Mode A is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge, until using first method A to H bridge controlled when Between reach Tx, so complete a working cycles, and be repeated according to such working cycles, until DC-DC converter is stopped Only work.
Wherein, mode is chosen in each working cycles later just according to fixed form i.e. first method or second method control H bridge processed, when switching mode, record total time, for example, in the ban using first method control H bridge when, when switching mode record with The total time of first method control H bridge is that this task of DC-DC converter obtains in the first way when starting from storage region The total time of H bridge is controlled plus the time for controlling H bridge in the first way recorded in this working cycles of DC-DC converter.
It in one embodiment of the invention, can with the setting time Tx that the first method controls the H bridge Equal to the setting time Ty controlled with the second method the H bridge, can guarantee so in the first way with second Mode guarantees first switch tube Q1, second switch Q2, third switching tube Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4 fever when alternately controlling H bridge Relative equilibrium.
It is, of course, understood that in other embodiments of the invention, being carried out with the first method to the H bridge Setting time Tx of control can also be unequal with the setting time Ty controlled with the second method the H bridge.
It should be noted that in an embodiment of the present invention, controlling H bridge, or in the first way either with second Mode controls H bridge, and what DC-DC converter used is all the control mode of phase shift modulation.Wherein, first to fourth switching tube is equal It is driven using 50% duty ratio, the driving voltage of same bridge arm is complementary, phase phase difference 180 degree, and leading-bridge and lagging leg Between differ a phase angle, adjust output voltage by adjusting the size at the phase angle.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the setting time Tx etc. the H bridge controlled with the first method In the setting time Ty controlled with the second method the H bridge, can guarantee so in the first way and second party Formula guarantees first switch tube Q1, second switch Q2, third switching tube Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4 fever phase when alternately controlling H bridge To balance.
It is, of course, understood that in other embodiments of the invention, being carried out with the first method to the H bridge Setting time Tx of control can also be unequal with the setting time Ty controlled with the second method the H bridge.
In conclusion when DC-DC converter is worked using the control mode of phase shift modulation, when total based on record Between TA and total time TB first method or second method is selected to be started, the is then selected according to setting time Tx and Ty One mode and second method carry out alternately control to H bridge, can be real in control mode of the DC-DC converter using phase shift modulation The calorific value relative equilibrium of switching tube Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 in existing H bridge, in this way without increasing additional component, reduction at This, and the working life of DC-DC converter can be increased, reduce failure rate.
S3 when the control mode that the control mode when selecting this work is modulated for down tube, is obtained with Third Way control The setting time Ti of the H bridge processed and setting time Tm that H bridge is controlled with fourth way, and according to setting time Ti and setting time Tm H bridge alternately control to carry out temperature equalization to first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube Control.
Wherein, when controlling the H bridge with the Third Way, using first switch tube Q1 and third switching tube Q3 as upper tube And using second switch Q2 and the 4th switching tube Q4 as down tube, and using the control mode of down tube modulation to first switch tube It is controlled to the 4th switching tube；When controlling the H bridge with the fourth way, by first switch tube Q1 and third switching tube Q3 As down tube and using second switch Q2 and the 4th switching tube Q4 as upper tube, and using the control mode of down tube modulation to the One switching tube to the 4th switching tube is controlled.
According to one embodiment of present invention, when controlling the H bridge with the Third Way, output to first switch tube Q1 Control signal it is complementary with the control signal of output to third switching tube Q3 and for fixed duty cycle, and to exporting to second switch The failing edge of the control signal of pipe Q2 and the 4th switching tube Q4 carries out PWM control.
Specifically, the drive of the drive waveforms of first switch tube Q1, the drive waveforms of second switch Q2, third switching tube Q3 Voltage U between two bridge arms of dynamic waveform, the drive waveforms of the 4th switching tube Q4 and H bridgeABWaveform is as shown in Figure 4 A.From figure 4A it can be concluded that, the control signal of Q1, Q3 are complementary and to fix 50% duty ratio, the decline of Q2, Q4 in four switching tubes of H bridge Edge is modulated by PWM rule, and is to adjust output voltage by adjusting the driving voltage failing edge of down tube.
Also, when controlling the H bridge with the fourth way, exports to the control signal of second switch Q2 and export extremely The control signal of 4th switching tube Q4 is complementary and is fixed duty cycle, and to output to first switch tube Q1 and third switching tube Q3 Control signal failing edge carry out PWM control.
Specifically, the drive of the drive waveforms of first switch tube Q1, the drive waveforms of second switch Q2, third switching tube Q3 Voltage U between two bridge arms of dynamic waveform, the drive waveforms of the 4th switching tube Q4 and H bridgeABWaveform is as shown in Figure 4 B.From figure 4B it can be concluded that, the control signal of Q2, Q4 are complementary and to fix 50% duty ratio, the decline of Q1, Q3 in four switching tubes of H bridge Edge is modulated by PWM rule, and is to adjust output voltage by adjusting the driving voltage failing edge of down tube.
Wherein, it should be noted that in the course of work that DC-DC converter is carried out using the control mode of down tube modulation In, if controlled only with Third Way C H bridge, since the resonant discharge stage can only utilize primary side resonant inductance, because This is difficult to realize Sofe Switch, that is, zero voltage switch as switching tube Q2, Q4 of down tube, thus the switching loss of switching tube Q2, Q4 Greatly, cause to overheat.
Similarly, in the course of work that DC-DC converter is carried out using the control mode of down tube modulation, if only with Fourth way D controls H bridge, since the resonant discharge stage can only utilize primary side resonant inductance, as down tube Switching tube Q1, Q3 are difficult to realize Sofe Switch, that is, zero voltage switch, so that the switching loss of switching tube Q1, Q3 are big, cause to overheat.
Therefore, in one embodiment of the invention, the control mode that DC-DC converter uses down tube to modulate every time carries out When work, Ti and Tm is first set, then in the course of work of DC-DC converter, first H bridge can be carried out using Third Way C It controls so that DC-DC converter works, until reaching Ti using the time that Third Way C controls H bridge, is switched to DC-DC converter, which works, to be controlled such that H bridge using fourth way D, until carrying out using fourth way D to H bridge The time of control reaches Tm, so completes a working cycles (i.e. a net cycle time=Ti+Tm), then be switched to use Third Way C is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge, until being controlled using Third Way C H bridge Time reach Ti, then switch to and DC-DC converter, which works, to be controlled such that H bridge using fourth way D, until Tm is reached using the time that fourth way D controls H bridge ... ..., carried out repeatedly, realized and alternately control is carried out to H bridge System carries out temperature equalization control to first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube to realize.When So, in the course of work of DC-DC converter, DC-DC converter first can also be controlled such that H bridge using fourth way D It works, until reaching Tm using the time that fourth way D controls H bridge, is switched to using Third Way C to H bridge It is controlled such that DC-DC converter works, until reaching Ti using the time that Third Way C controls H bridge, such as This completes a working cycles, and is repeated according to such working cycles, until DC-DC converter stops this task.
In other words, alternately control is carried out to the H bridge according to setting time Ti and setting time Tm, comprising: described in use When the time that Third Way controls the H bridge reaches Ti, the H bridge is controlled using the fourth way, until using The time that the fourth way controls the H bridge reaches Tm；Or when the time for controlling the H bridge using the fourth way reaches When to Tm, the H bridge is controlled using the Third Way, until using the Third Way control the H bridge when Between reach Ti.
It should be noted that in an embodiment of the present invention, H bridge is either controlled with Third Way, or with the 4th Mode controls H bridge, and what DC-DC converter used is all the control mode of down tube modulation.Wherein, the control modulated using down tube When mode, two switching tubes of upper tube be it is open-minded in turn by 50% duty ratio, there is no dead time, pass through and adjust the two of down tube The failing edge of a switching tube driving voltage, realizes the adjusting of output voltage.
Also, in the control mode of down tube modulation, two switching tubes Sofe Switch, that is, no-voltage easy to accomplish of upper tube is opened It closes, corresponding to the leading-bridge in the control mode of phase shift modulation, and two switching tubes of down tube correspond to the control of phase shift modulation Lagging leg in mode processed is difficult to realize zero voltage switch.
In one embodiment of the present of invention, DC-DC converter is in whole life cycle using the controlling party of down tube modulation When formula, it can make by first to fourth switching tube alternately as top tube and down tube, that is, Q1, Q3 and Q2, Q4 alternate play upper tube, down tube Temperature stress is equivalent in four switching tubes of H bridge to be uniformly distributed, so that the fever relative equilibrium of each switching tube, is realized whole The thermal balance of body extends the service life of DC-DC converter.
It according to one embodiment of present invention, can with the setting time Ti that the Third Way controls the H bridge Equal to the setting time Tm controlled with the fourth way the H bridge, can guarantee with Third Way and the 4th in this way Mode guarantees first switch tube Q1, second switch Q2, third switching tube Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4 fever when alternately controlling H bridge Relative equilibrium.
It is, of course, understood that in other embodiments of the invention, being carried out with the Third Way to the H bridge Setting time Ti of control can also be unequal with the setting time Tm controlled with the fourth way the H bridge.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, Tx can be equal to Ty, Ti can be equal to Tm, and Tx can also simultaneously etc. In Ti.
In the embodiment of the present invention, when DC-DC converter uses the control mode of down tube modulation in whole life cycle, It can make temperature by first to fourth switching tube alternately as top tube and down tube, that is, Q1, Q3 and Q2, Q4 alternate play upper tube, down tube Stress is equivalent in four switching tubes of H bridge to be uniformly distributed, so that the fever relative equilibrium of each switching tube, is realized whole Thermal balance extends the service life of DC-DC converter.
Specifically, according to one embodiment of present invention, as shown in figure 5, the control method of above-mentioned DC-DC converter The following steps are included:
S501, work start, i.e., when DC-DC converter starts and starts to work, need to export control waveform and come in H bridge Switching tube controlled.
S5011 reads used control mode when the work of DC-DC converter last time.
S5011 judges the last time using no for the control mode of phase shift modulation.If so, executing step S512；Such as Fruit is no, executes step S502.
In other words, if the last used control mode that works is the control mode of phase shift modulation, DC-DC converter This task will be using the control mode of down tube modulation；If control mode used by the last time works is not phase shift modulation Control mode, then this task of DC-DC converter will be using the control mode of phase shift modulation.
S502 reads total time TA of A control H bridge in the first way and B controls the total time TB of H bridge in a second manner.
Tx and Ty is arranged in S503.
S504, judges whether TA is greater than TB.If so, executing step S505；If not, executing step S506.
S505 selects second method B to control H bridge, until TA=TB, then executes step S508.
S506, judges whether TA is less than TB.If so, executing step S507；If not, executing step S508 or S509.
S507 selects first method A to control H bridge, until TA=TB, then executes step S509.
S508 is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge using first method A, and during the work time Judge whether this task terminates, if so, terminating process, continues to judge if not, returning.
S509 is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge using second method B, and during the work time Judge whether this task terminates, if so, terminating process, continues to judge if not, returning.
S510 judges whether reach Tx using the time of first method A control H bridge.If so, executing step S509；Such as Fruit is no, return step S508.
S511 judges whether reach Ty using the time of second method B control H bridge.If so, returning to step S508；If not, return step S509.
Ti and Tm is arranged in S512.
S513 is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge using Third Way C, and converts in DC-DC Judge whether this task of DC-DC converter terminates in the course of work of device, if so, terminating process, continues if not, returning Judgement.
S514 judges whether reach Ti using the time of Third Way C control H bridge.If so, executing step S515；Such as Fruit is no, return step S513.
S515 is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge using fourth way D, and converts in DC-DC Judge whether this task of DC-DC converter terminates in the course of work of device, if so, terminating process, continues if not, returning Judgement.
S516 judges whether reach Tm using the time of fourth way D control H bridge.If so, returning to step S513；If not, return step S515.
Therefore, in an embodiment of the present invention, in the whole life cycle of DC-DC converter, using phase shift modulation Control mode and the control mode of down tube modulation alternately, and are based on total time TA when using the control mode of phase shift modulation It is selected with total time TB in the first way or second method controls H bridge, come so that DC-DC converter starting, is then based on and sets Set time Tx and Ty select in the first way or second method alternately control H bridge, and using down tube modulation controlling party It selects alternately to control H bridge with Third Way or fourth way based on setting time Ti and Tm when formula, thus in entire Life Cycle In phase, according to total time TA of record and total time TB when DC-DC converter is worked using the control mode of phase shift modulation It first selects first method or second method to control H bridge, then H bridge is replaced using first method and second method again Third Way and fourth way alternately control H bridge when controlling, and being worked using the control mode of down tube modulation, really The fever relative equilibrium for protecting each switching tube, substantially increases the working life of DC-DC converter.
The control method of DC-DC converter according to an embodiment of the present invention is obtained when DC-DC converter is worked The DC-DC converter last time work when control mode, and according to the DC-DC converter last time work when control mode select Control mode when this task, so that the control mode of phase shift modulation and down tube tune in DC-DC converter whole life cycle The control mode of system is alternately.Wherein, the control mode when selecting this work for phase shift modulation control mode when, obtain It takes total time TA for controlling H bridge in the first way and controls the total time TB of H bridge in a second manner, and obtain DC-DC converter When controlling the setting of H bridge in the first way in each working cycles in the course of work carried out using the control mode of phase shift modulation Between Tx and in a second manner control H bridge setting time Ty, then judge the relationship between total time TA and total time TB, finally The mode that H bridge is controlled when being started according to the relationship selection DC-DC converter between total time TA and total time TB, and In the course of work of DC-DC converter according to Tx and Ty to H bridge carry out alternately control, with to first switch tube, second switch, Third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control；What the control mode when selecting this work was modulated for down tube When control mode, the setting time Tm that H bridge is controlled with the setting time Ti of Third Way control H bridge and with fourth way is obtained, Then H bridge alternately control to first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switch according to Ti and Tm Pipe carries out temperature equalization control, thus in whole life cycle, root when DC-DC converter uses the control mode of phase shift modulation Total time TA according to record with first select first method or second method to control H bridge total time TB, and then use again First method and second method alternately control H bridge, and DC-DC converter is logical when being worked using the control mode of down tube modulation It crosses Third Way and fourth way and alternately controls H bridge, so that the fever relative equilibrium of each switching tube, is not increasing cost In the case where, the working life of switching tube in H bridge is improved, so as to extend the life cycle of DC-DC converter.
As shown in Figure 1, DC-DC converter according to an embodiment of the present invention includes H bridge and such as MCU of control module 100 (Micro Control Unit, microcontroller).Wherein, H bridge includes first switch tube Q1, second switch Q2, third switch Pipe Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4, first switch tube Q1 and second switch Q2 constitute the first bridge arm, third switching tube Q3 and the 4th Switching tube Q4 constitutes the second bridge arm, has first node A, third switching tube Q3 between first switch tube Q1 and second switch Q2 There is second node B between the 4th switching tube Q4.
Control module 100 is for obtaining primary work in the DC-DC converter when the DC-DC converter is worked Control mode when making, and control when control mode when being worked according to the DC-DC converter last time selects this task Mode processed, wherein the control mode of the DC-DC converter includes the control mode of phase shift modulation and the controlling party of down tube modulation Formula.
Also, the control mode when selecting this work for the phase shift modulation control mode when, control module 100 Acquisition controls total time TA of the H bridge in the first way and controls the total time TB of the H bridge in a second manner, and obtains institute It states in the course of work that DC-DC converter uses the control mode of the phase shift modulation to carry out in each working cycles with described the One mode is controlled setting time Tx of the H bridge and is controlled the setting time Ty of the H bridge with the second method, and is passed through To the H bridge when judging the relationship between the total time TA and the total time TB to select DC-DC converter starting The mode controlled, and alternately control is carried out to the H bridge according to the setting time Tx and setting time Ty, with right The first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein with described When first method controls the H bridge, using first bridge arm as leading-bridge, and using second bridge arm as lag bridge Arm；When controlling the H bridge with the second method, using second bridge arm as leading-bridge, and first bridge arm is made For lagging leg.When the control mode that the control mode when selecting this work is modulated for the down tube, control module 100 is obtained Take the setting time Tm that setting time Ti of the H bridge is controlled with Third Way and controls the H bridge with fourth way, and according to The setting time Ti and setting time Tm alternately control to open the first switch tube, second to the H bridge Guan Guan, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein when controlling the H bridge with the Third Way, Using the first switch tube and the third switching tube as upper tube and by the second switch and the 4th switching tube The first switch tube to the 4th switching tube is controlled as down tube, and using the control mode of down tube modulation；With When the fourth way controls the H bridge, using the first switch tube and the third switching tube as down tube and will described in Second switch and the 4th switching tube as upper tube, and using the control mode of down tube modulation to the first switch tube extremely 4th switching tube is controlled.
In an embodiment of the present invention, during selection controls DC-DC converter with the control mode of phase shift modulation, When control module is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge using first method A, record uses first method A To the time that H bridge is controlled, so that the available total time TA for controlling H bridge in the first way, is then stored；Control mould When block is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge using second method B, record is using second method B to H bridge The time controlled, so that the available total time TB for controlling H bridge in a second manner, is then stored.Then in DC-DC When converter starts, control module judges the relationship between total time TA and total time TB, and according to total time TA and total time The mode that relationship selection DC-DC converter between TB controls H bridge when starting.
Specifically, according to one embodiment of present invention, the control module according to the total time TA and it is described total when Between relationship between TB select the DC-DC converter to be controlled when starting to the H bridge mode when, wherein when described When total time TA is greater than the total time TB, the control module selects the second party when the DC-DC converter starts Formula controls the H bridge, until the total time TA is equal to the total time TB；When the total time TA is total less than described When time TB, the control module selects the first method to control the H bridge when the DC-DC converter starts System, until the total time TA is equal to the total time TB；When the total time TA is equal to the total time TB, the control Module selected when the DC-DC converter starts the first method or the second method with according to Tx and Ty to the H Bridge carries out alternately control.
Also, when the control module alternately control to the H bridge according to setting time Tx and setting time Ty, In, when the time for controlling the H bridge using the first method reaching Tx, the H bridge is carried out using the second method Control, until reaching Ty using the time that the second method controls the H bridge；Or when using second method control institute When stating time of H bridge and reaching Ty, the H bridge is controlled using the first method, until using the first method control The time for making the H bridge reaches Tx.
That is, control module is from memory block before DC-DC converter is using the control mode work of phase shift modulation Domain obtains total time TA for controlling H bridge in the first way and controls the total time TB of H bridge in a second manner, then Tx and Ty is arranged, Then judge total time TA and total time TB determine it is that H bridge is first controlled using first method according to judging result Still it first controls H bridge using second method, i.e., obtains total time TA for controlling H bridge in the first way and from storage region with the Two modes control the total time TB of H bridge, and the purpose judged the relationship between total time TA and total time TB is confirmation The mode to the control of H bridge that DC-DC converter first selects when starting.For example, if the TA=20 minute got, TB=18 points Clock, then DC-DC converter first selects second method B to be controlled such that DC-DC converter starts work to H bridge in this task Make, and be switched to DC-DC converter, which works, to be controlled such that H bridge using first method A after the 2 minutes, until adopting Reach Tx with the time that first method A controls H bridge, then is switched to and H bridge is controlled such that using second method B DC-DC converter works, until reaching Ty using the time that second method B controls H bridge, so completes a work (i.e. a net cycle time=Tx+Ty) is recycled, then is switched to and DC-DC is controlled such that H bridge using first method A Converter works, until reaching Tx using the time that first method A controls H bridge, then switches to using second Mode B is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge, until using second method B to H bridge controlled when Between reach Ty ... ..., carry out repeatedly, realize to H bridge carry out alternately control, thus realize first switch tube, second are opened Guan Guan, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control.And if the TA=18 minute got, TB=20 points Clock, then DC-DC converter first selects first method A to be controlled such that DC-DC converter starts work to H bridge in this task Make, and be switched to DC-DC converter, which works, to be controlled such that H bridge using second method B after the 2 minutes, until adopting Reach Ty with the time that second method B controls H bridge, then is switched to and H bridge is controlled such that using first method A DC-DC converter works, until reaching Tx using the time that first method A controls H bridge, so completes a work (i.e. a net cycle time=Tx+Ty) is recycled, then is switched to and DC-DC is controlled such that H bridge using second method B Converter works, until reaching Ty using the time that second method B controls H bridge, then switches to using first Mode A is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge, until using first method A to H bridge controlled when Between reach Tx ... ..., carry out repeatedly, realize to H bridge carry out alternately control, thus realize first switch tube, second are opened Guan Guan, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control.
Certainly, control module is when total time TA got being equal to total time TB, in DC-DC converter with phase shift modulation Control mode starting when DC-DC converter, which works, first directly can be controlled such that H bridge using first method A, directly Reach Tx to the time controlled using first method A H bridge, is switched to and H bridge is controlled such that using second method B DC-DC converter works, until reaching Ty using the time that second method B controls H bridge, so completes a work (i.e. a net cycle time=Tx+Ty) is recycled, then is switched to and DC-DC is controlled such that H bridge using first method A Converter works, until reaching Tx using the time that first method A controls H bridge, then switches to using second Mode B is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge, until using second method B to H bridge controlled when Between reach Ty ... ..., carry out repeatedly, realize to H bridge carry out alternately control, thus realize first switch tube, second are opened Guan Guan, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control.Alternatively, control module is in total time TA etc. got When total time TB, B pairs of second method directly can also be first used in control mode starting of the DC-DC converter with phase shift modulation H bridge is controlled such that DC-DC converter works, until being reached using the time that second method B controls H bridge Ty is switched to and is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge using first method A, until using first method A The time controlled H bridge reaches Tx, so completes a working cycles, and be repeated according to such working cycles, Until DC-DC converter stops working.
Wherein, mode is chosen in each working cycles later just according to fixed form i.e. first method or second method control H bridge processed, when switching mode, record total time, for example, in the ban using first method control H bridge when, when switching mode record with The total time of first method control H bridge is that this task of DC-DC converter obtains in the first way when starting from storage region The total time of H bridge is controlled plus the time for controlling H bridge in the first way recorded in this working cycles of DC-DC converter.
Wherein, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the setting H bridge controlled with the first method Time Tx can be equal to the setting time Ty controlled with the second method the H bridge.It can guarantee with first party in this way Formula and second method guarantee first switch tube Q1, second switch Q2, the switch of third switching tube Q3 and the 4th when alternately controlling H bridge Pipe Q4 fever relative equilibrium.
It is, of course, understood that in other embodiments of the invention, being carried out with the first method to the H bridge Setting time Tx of control can also be unequal with the setting time Ty controlled with the second method the H bridge.
According to one embodiment of present invention, with the first method control the H bridge when, the control module export to The control signal of the first switch tube is complementary with the control signal of output to the second switch and exports to described the The control signal of three switching tubes is complementary with the control signal of output to the 4th switching tube, and described in first switch tube ratio The super previous phase angle of 4th switching tube is opened and the second switch previous phase angle super than the third switching tube It is open-minded.
Also, when controlling the H bridge with the second method, the control module is exported to the control of the first switch tube Signal processed is complementary with the control signal of output to the second switch and exports to the control signal of the third switching tube It is complementary with the control signal of output to the 4th switching tube, and the 4th switching tube is super than the first switch tube previous Phase angle is opened and the third switching tube previous phase angle super than the second switch is open-minded.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the control module is according to setting time Ti and setting time Tm to the H When bridge alternately control, wherein when the time for controlling the H bridge using the Third Way reaching Ti, the control mould Block controls the H bridge using the fourth way, until being reached using the time that the fourth way controls the H bridge Tm；Or when the time for controlling the H bridge using the fourth way reaching Tm, the control module uses the third party Formula controls the H bridge, until reaching Ti using the time that the Third Way controls the H bridge.
That is, in an embodiment of the present invention, the control mode that DC-DC converter uses down tube to modulate every time carries out When work, Ti and Tm is first arranged in control module, then in the course of work of DC-DC converter, can first use C pairs of Third Way H bridge is controlled such that DC-DC converter works, until being reached using the time that Third Way C controls H bridge Ti is switched to and is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge using fourth way D, until using fourth way D The time controlled H bridge reaches Tm, so completes a working cycles (i.e. a net cycle time=Ti+Tm), then It is switched to and DC-DC converter, which works, to be controlled such that H bridge using Third Way C, until using Third Way C to H The time that bridge is controlled reaches Ti, then switch to using fourth way D to H bridge be controlled such that DC-DC converter into Row work carries out repeatedly until reaching Tm using the time that fourth way D controls H bridge ... ..., realizes to H bridge Alternately control is carried out, to realize equal to first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube progress temperature Weighing apparatus control.Certainly, in the course of work of DC-DC converter, control module can also first be controlled H bridge using fourth way D It makes so that DC-DC converter works, until reaching Tm using the time that fourth way D controls H bridge, is switched to and adopts DC-DC converter, which works, to be controlled such that H bridge with Third Way C, until controlling using Third Way C to H bridge The time of system reaches Ti, so completes a working cycles, and be repeated according to such working cycles, until DC-DC becomes Parallel operation stops this task.
Wherein, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the setting H bridge controlled with the Third Way Time Ti can be equal to the setting time Tm controlled with the fourth way the H bridge.It can guarantee with third party in this way Formula and fourth way guarantee first switch tube Q1, second switch Q2, the switch of third switching tube Q3 and the 4th when alternately controlling H bridge Pipe Q4 fever relative equilibrium.
It is, of course, understood that in other embodiments of the invention, being carried out with the Third Way to the H bridge Setting time Ti of control can also be unequal with the setting time Tm controlled with the fourth way the H bridge.
According to one embodiment of present invention, with the Third Way control the H bridge when, the control module export to The control signal of the first switch tube is complementary with the control signal of output to the third switching tube and is fixed duty cycle, and PWM control is carried out to the failing edge of the control signal of output to the second switch and the 4th switching tube.
Also, when controlling the H bridge with the fourth way, the control module is exported to the control of the second switch Signal processed is complementary with the control signal of output to the 4th switching tube and is fixed duty cycle, and opens output to described first The failing edge of the control signal of third switching tube described in Guan Guanhe carries out PWM control.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, first switch tube Q1, second switch Q2, third switching tube Q3 and 4th switching tube Q4 is IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor), when So, in other embodiments of the invention, first switch tube Q1, second switch Q2, third switching tube Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4 may be metal-oxide-semiconductor.
DC-DC converter according to an embodiment of the present invention obtains DC-DC by control module when being actuated for work The converter last time work when control mode, and according to the DC-DC converter last time work when control mode select this Control mode when work so that in DC-DC converter whole life cycle the control mode of phase shift modulation and down tube modulation Control mode is alternately.Wherein, the control mode when selecting this work for phase shift modulation control mode when, pass through control Molding block obtains total time TA for controlling H bridge in the first way and controls the total time TB of H bridge in a second manner, and obtains DC- H bridge is controlled in the first way in each working cycles in the course of work that DC converter is carried out using the control mode of phase shift modulation Setting time Tx and in a second manner control H bridge setting time Ty, then judge between total time TA and total time TB Relationship controls H bridge when finally being started according to the relationship selection DC-DC converter between total time TA and total time TB Mode, and alternately control is carried out to H bridge according to Tx and Ty in the course of work of DC-DC converter, to first switch tube, the Two switching tubes, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control；Control mode when selecting this work for When the control mode of down tube modulation, is obtained by control module and the setting time Ti of H bridge is controlled with Third Way and with four directions Formula controls the setting time Tm of H bridge, then alternately control is carried out to H bridge according to Ti and Tm, to first switch tube, second switch Pipe, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, thus in whole life cycle, using phase shift modulation First select first method or second method to H bridge according to total time TA of record and total time TB when control mode is worked It is controlled, then H bridge is alternately controlled using first method and second method again, carried out using the control mode of down tube modulation H bridge is alternately controlled by Third Way and fourth way when work, so that the fever relative equilibrium of each switching tube, not In the case where increasing cost, the working life of switching tube in H bridge is improved, so as to extend life cycle.
In addition, as shown in fig. 6, the embodiment of the present invention also proposed a kind of electric car 10 comprising above-mentioned DC-DC Converter 20.
The electric car of the embodiment of the present invention can control DC-DC converter in whole life cycle using phase shift tune The control mode of control mode and the down tube modulation of system alternately, and when being worked using the control mode of phase shift modulation It first selects first method or second method to control H bridge with total time TB according to total time TA of record, then uses again First method and second method alternately control H bridge, pass through Third Way when being worked using the control mode that down tube is modulated Alternately control H bridge with fourth way, can be realized in H bridge first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and 4th switching tube carries out temperature equalization control, so that the fever relative equilibrium of each switching tube, in the case where not increasing cost, The working life for improving switching tube in H bridge, to extend the life cycle of DC-DC converter.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom" "inner", "outside", " up time The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as needle ", " counterclockwise ", " axial direction ", " radial direction ", " circumferential direction " be orientation based on the figure or Positional relationship is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must There must be specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance Or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define " first " as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or Implicitly include at least one this feature.In the description of the present invention, the meaning of " plurality " is at least two, such as two, three It is a etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc. Term shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integral；It can be mechanical connect It connects, is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be in two elements indirectly connected through an intermediary The interaction relationship of the connection in portion or two elements, unless otherwise restricted clearly.For those of ordinary skill in the art For, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific conditions.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, fisrt feature in the second feature " on " or " down " can be with It is that the first and second features directly contact or the first and second features pass through intermediary mediate contact.Moreover, fisrt feature exists Second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature be directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or be merely representative of First feature horizontal height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature can be under the second feature " below ", " below " and " below " One feature is directly under or diagonally below the second feature, or is merely representative of first feature horizontal height less than second feature.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in office It can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiment or examples.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the skill of this field Art personnel can tie the feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples It closes and combines.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned Embodiment is changed, modifies, replacement and variant.

Claims (15)

1. a kind of control method of DC-DC converter, which is characterized in that the DC-DC converter includes H bridge, and the H bridge includes First switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube, wherein the first switch tube and described second is opened It closes pipe and constitutes the first bridge arm, the third switching tube and the 4th switching tube constitute the second bridge arm, and the control method includes Following steps:
When the DC-DC converter is worked, control mode when DC-DC converter last time work is obtained, and Control mode when being worked according to the DC-DC converter last time selects control mode when this task, and the DC-DC becomes Control mode when the parallel operation last time works is different from control mode when this task, wherein the control of the DC-DC converter Mode processed includes the control mode of phase shift modulation and the control mode of down tube modulation；
Control mode when selecting this work for the phase shift modulation control mode when, acquisition controls institute in the first way It states total time TA of H bridge and controls the total time TB of the H bridge in a second manner, and obtain the DC-DC converter using institute It states in the course of work of the control mode progress of phase shift modulation and the H bridge is controlled with the first method in each working cycles Time Tx is set and controls the setting time Ty of the H bridge with the second method, and by judge the total time TA and Relationship between the total time TB is in a manner of selecting the DC-DC converter to control when starting the H bridge, and root Alternately control is carried out to the H bridge according to the setting time Tx and setting time Ty, to the first switch tube, second Switching tube, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein control the H bridge with the first method When, using first bridge arm as leading-bridge, and using second bridge arm as lagging leg；With second method control When the H bridge, using second bridge arm as leading-bridge, and using first bridge arm as lagging leg；
When the control mode that the control mode when selecting this work is modulated for the down tube, obtains and institute is controlled with Third Way It states setting time Ti of H bridge and controls the setting time Tm of the H bridge with fourth way, and according to the setting time Ti and institute It states setting time Tm and the H bridge alternately control to the first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the Four switching tubes carry out temperature equalization control, wherein when controlling the H bridge with the Third Way, by the first switch tube and The third switching tube uses down tube as upper tube and using the second switch and the 4th switching tube as down tube The control mode of modulation controls the first switch tube to the 4th switching tube；Described in fourth way control When H bridge, using the first switch tube and the third switching tube as down tube and by the second switch and the described 4th Switching tube controls the first switch tube to the 4th switching tube as upper tube, and using the control mode of down tube modulation System.
2. the control method of DC-DC converter as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that according to the total time TA and institute When stating the mode that the relationship between total time TB selects the DC-DC converter to be controlled when starting to the H bridge, wherein
When the total time TA is greater than the total time TB, the second method is selected in DC-DC converter starting The H bridge is controlled, until the total time TA is equal to the total time TB；
When the total time TA is less than the total time TB, the first method is selected in DC-DC converter starting The H bridge is controlled, until the total time TA is equal to the total time TB；
When the total time TA is equal to the total time TB, the first method is selected in DC-DC converter starting Or the second method is to carry out alternately control to the H bridge according to Tx and Ty.
3. the control method of DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that according to the setting time Tx Alternately control is carried out to the H bridge with the setting time Ty, is specifically included:
When the time for controlling the H bridge using the first method reaching Tx, the H bridge is carried out using the second method Control, until reaching Ty using the time that the second method controls the H bridge；Or
When the time for controlling the H bridge using the second method reaching Ty, the H bridge is carried out using the first method Control, until reaching Tx using the time that the first method controls the H bridge.
4. the control method of DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that wherein,
When controlling the H bridge with the first method, export to the control signal of the first switch tube and output to described the The control signal and output to the 4th switch that the control signal of two switching tubes is complementary and output is to the third switching tube The control signal of pipe is complementary, and the first switch tube previous phase angle super than the 4th switching tube is opened and described Second switch previous phase angle super than the third switching tube is open-minded；
When controlling the H bridge with the second method, export to the control signal of the first switch tube and output to described the The control signal and output to the 4th switch that the control signal of two switching tubes is complementary and output is to the third switching tube The control signal of pipe is complementary, and the 4th switching tube previous phase angle super than the first switch tube is opened and described Third switching tube previous phase angle super than the second switch is open-minded.
5. the control method of DC-DC converter as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that according to the setting time Ti and The setting time Tm carries out alternately control to the H bridge, specifically includes:
When the time for controlling the H bridge using the Third Way reaching Ti, the H bridge is carried out using the fourth way Control, until reaching Tm using the time that the fourth way controls the H bridge；Or
When the time for controlling the H bridge using the fourth way reaching Tm, the H bridge is carried out using the Third Way Control, until reaching Ti using the time that the Third Way controls the H bridge.
6. the control method of DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 1 or 5, which is characterized in that wherein,
When controlling the H bridge with the Third Way, export to the control signal of the first switch tube and output to described the The control signal of three switching tubes is complementary and is fixed duty cycle, and to output to the second switch and the 4th switching tube Control signal failing edge carry out PWM control；
When controlling the H bridge with the fourth way, export to the control signal of the second switch and output to described the The control signal of four switching tubes is complementary and is fixed duty cycle, and to output to the first switch tube and the third switching tube Control signal failing edge carry out PWM control.
7. the control method of the DC-DC converter as described in any one of claim 1-2 and 5, which is characterized in that with described Setting time Tx that one mode controls the H bridge is equal to the setting controlled with the second method the H bridge Time Ty is equal to the setting time Ti that the Third Way controls the H bridge with the fourth way to the H bridge The setting time Tm controlled.
8. a kind of DC-DC converter characterized by comprising
H bridge, the H bridge include first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube, wherein described first Switching tube and the second switch constitute the first bridge arm, and the third switching tube and the 4th switching tube constitute the second bridge Arm；
Control module, the control module is for obtaining the DC-DC converter when the DC-DC converter is worked Control mode when one action, and according to the DC-DC converter last time work when control mode select this task When control mode, the DC-DC converter last time work when control mode it is different from control mode when this task, The control mode of the DC-DC converter includes the control mode of phase shift modulation and the control mode of down tube modulation, wherein
Control mode when selecting this work for the phase shift modulation control mode when, the control module is obtained with the One mode controls total time TA of the H bridge and controls the total time TB of the H bridge in a second manner, and obtains the DC-DC With the first method in each working cycles in the course of work that converter uses the control mode of the phase shift modulation to carry out It controls setting time Tx of the H bridge and controls the setting time Ty of the H bridge with the second method, and by judging institute The relationship between total time TA and the total time TB is stated to select the DC-DC converter to control when starting to the H bridge The mode of system, and alternately control is carried out to the H bridge according to the setting time Tx and setting time Ty, to described the One switching tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein with the first party When formula controls the H bridge, using first bridge arm as leading-bridge, and using second bridge arm as lagging leg；With institute When stating the second method control H bridge, using second bridge arm as leading-bridge, and using first bridge arm as lag bridge Arm；
When the control mode that the control mode when selecting this work is modulated for the down tube, the control module is obtained with the Three modes are controlled setting time Ti of the H bridge and are controlled the setting time Tm of the H bridge with fourth way, and are set according to described It sets time Ti and the setting time Tm and the H bridge alternately control to the first switch tube, second switch, the Three switching tubes and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein, will be described when controlling the H bridge with the Third Way First switch tube and the third switching tube are as upper tube and using the second switch and the 4th switching tube as under Pipe, and the first switch tube to the 4th switching tube is controlled using the control mode of down tube modulation；With described When four modes control the H bridge, the first switch tube and the third switching tube are opened as down tube and by described second 4th switching tube described in Guan Guanhe is as upper tube, and using the control mode of down tube modulation to the first switch tube to described the Four switching tubes are controlled.
9. DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the control module according to the total time TA with When the mode that the relationship between the total time TB selects the DC-DC converter to be controlled when starting to the H bridge, In,
When the total time TA is greater than the total time TB, the control module is selected when the DC-DC converter starts The second method controls the H bridge, until the total time TA is equal to the total time TB；
When the total time TA is less than the total time TB, the control module is selected when the DC-DC converter starts The first method controls the H bridge, until the total time TA is equal to the total time TB；
When the total time TA is equal to the total time TB, the control module is selected when the DC-DC converter starts The first method or the second method are to carry out alternately control to the H bridge according to Tx and Ty.
10. DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 8 or 9, which is characterized in that when the control module is according to the setting Between the Tx and setting time Ty to the H bridge carry out alternately control when, wherein
When the time for controlling the H bridge using the first method reaching Tx, the control module uses the second method The H bridge is controlled, until reaching Ty using the time that the second method controls the H bridge；Or
When the time for controlling the H bridge using the second method reaching Ty, the control module uses the first method The H bridge is controlled, until reaching Tx using the time that the first method controls the H bridge.
11. DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 8 or 9, which is characterized in that wherein,
When controlling the H bridge with the first method, the control module export control signal to the first switch tube with The control signal of output to the second switch is complementary and exports to the control signal of the third switching tube and exports extremely The control signal of 4th switching tube is complementary, and the first switch tube previous phase angle super than the 4th switching tube is opened The logical and described second switch previous phase angle super than the third switching tube is open-minded；
When controlling the H bridge with the second method, the control module export control signal to the first switch tube with The control signal of output to the second switch is complementary and exports to the control signal of the third switching tube and exports extremely The control signal of 4th switching tube is complementary, and the 4th switching tube previous phase angle super than the first switch tube is opened The logical and described third switching tube previous phase angle super than the second switch is open-minded.
12. DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the control module is according to the setting time Ti When alternately control to the H bridge with the setting time Tm, wherein
When the time for controlling the H bridge using the Third Way reaching Ti, the control module uses the fourth way The H bridge is controlled, until reaching Tm using the time that the fourth way controls the H bridge；Or
When the time for controlling the H bridge using the fourth way reaching Tm, the control module uses the Third Way The H bridge is controlled, until reaching Ti using the time that the Third Way controls the H bridge.
13. the DC-DC converter as described in claim 8 or 12, which is characterized in that wherein,
When controlling the H bridge with the Third Way, the control module export control signal to the first switch tube with It exports to the control signal complementation of the third switching tube and is fixed duty cycle, and to output to the second switch and institute The failing edge for stating the control signal of the 4th switching tube carries out PWM control；
When controlling the H bridge with the fourth way, the control module export control signal to the second switch with It exports to the control signal complementation of the 4th switching tube and is fixed duty cycle, and to output to the first switch tube and institute The failing edge for stating the control signal of third switching tube carries out PWM control.
14. the DC-DC converter as described in any one of claim 8-9 and 12, which is characterized in that with the first method pair Setting time Tx that the H bridge is controlled is equal to the setting time Ty controlled with the second method the H bridge, with The setting time Ti that the Third Way controls the H bridge, which is equal to, controls the H bridge with the fourth way Setting time Tm.
15. a kind of electric car, which is characterized in that including the DC-DC converter as described in any one of claim 8-14.
CN201611111281.3A 2016-12-02 2016-12-02 The control method of electric car and its DC-DC converter and DC-DC converter Active CN108155809B (en)

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CN102611348A (en) * 2012-03-21 2012-07-25 福州大学 Pulse-width modulation (PWM) output method for solving problem of nonuniform heating of bridge arm switch of single-phase full-bridge inverter circuit
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