CN108124611B

CN108124611B - Multistage combined crusher for straws

Info

Publication number: CN108124611B
Application number: CN201711380056.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴祥忠
Original assignee: Dangtu County Kehui Trading Co Ltd
Current assignee: Dangtu County Kehui Trading Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-12-20
Filing date: 2017-12-20
Publication date: 2021-02-05
Anticipated expiration: 2037-12-20
Also published as: CN108124611A

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-stage combined straw pulverizer which comprises a shell, wherein the shell is of a hollow structure, the interior of the shell is divided into a first pulverizing cavity and a second pulverizing cavity by a transversely arranged partition plate, the first pulverizing cavity is positioned above the second pulverizing cavity, a feed inlet communicated with the first pulverizing cavity is formed in the side wall of the shell, a discharge outlet communicated with the second pulverizing cavity is further formed in the side wall of the shell, cover plates are rotatably connected to openings of the feed inlet and the discharge outlet, a feed opening is formed in the partition plate, and the first pulverizing cavity is communicated with the second pulverizing cavity through the feed opening. The straw crushing device has the advantages that the first crushing device in the first crushing cavity and the second crushing device in the second crushing cavity can crush straws for multiple times, and the detention time of the straws in the first crushing cavity and the second crushing cavity can be controlled; meanwhile, the crushing directions of the first crushing device and the second crushing device are different, so that the crushing degree of the straws can be improved.

Description

Multistage combined crusher for straws

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a multi-stage combined straw pulverizer.

Background

Straw, known as ligusticum ancient times, also known as straw grass, refers to the stem and leaf part of the stem and leaf part left after the mature threshing of gramineous crops such as rice, wheat, corn and the like, wherein the straw of the rice is often called as straw and ligusticum oryzae, and the straw of the wheat is called as wheat straw; at present, the straw needs to be crushed after the crop is threshed; however, the existing straw crusher has poor crushing degree to the straws, and long-strip objects, leaf-shaped objects, fibrous objects and the like in the straws can be crushed by a plurality of operations, so that the problems of low crushing operation efficiency, high energy consumption, low yield and the like can be caused; therefore, a multi-stage combined straw pulverizer is provided to solve the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of poor crushing degree, low working efficiency, high energy consumption and the like of a straw crusher in the prior art, and provides a multi-stage combined crusher for straws.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a multi-stage combined crusher for straw comprises a shell, wherein the shell is of a hollow structure, the interior of the shell is divided into a first crushing cavity and a second crushing cavity by a transverse partition plate, the first crushing cavity is positioned above the second crushing cavity, a feed inlet communicated with the first crushing cavity is formed in the side wall of the shell, a discharge outlet communicated with the second crushing cavity is further formed in the side wall of the shell, cover plates are rotatably connected with openings of the feed inlet and the discharge outlet, a feed opening is formed in the partition plate, the first crushing cavity and the second crushing cavity are communicated through the feed opening, two grooves communicated with the feed opening are symmetrically formed in the partition plate, the grooves are respectively positioned on two sides of the feed opening, baffles are arranged in the two grooves and are matched with the feed opening, a first chute is formed in the inner wall of each groove, and the baffles are slidably connected with the first chute through a first sliding block, still transversely be equipped with first commentaries on classics chamber in the baffle, and first commentaries on classics chamber is through smooth chamber and two recess intercommunications, the rotation is connected with first threaded rod in the first commentaries on classics chamber, and the cover is equipped with two first nuts rather than matching on the first threaded rod, two the internal thread of first nut is opposite direction setting, and the lateral wall of first nut all is equipped with first connecting rod, first connecting rod run through smooth chamber and with the baffle fixed connection in the recess, first crushing chamber and second are smashed and are equipped with first reducing mechanism and second reducing mechanism in the chamber respectively.

Preferably, the first crushing device comprises two extrusion plates which are arranged in parallel, a second rotating cavity is arranged in the side wall of the shell, the position of the second rotating cavity corresponds to that of the first crushing cavity, a second threaded rod is connected to the second rotating cavity in a rotating manner, two second nuts matched with the second threaded rod are sleeved on the second threaded rod, the internal threads of the two second nuts are arranged in opposite directions, the side walls of the two second nuts are connected with second connecting rods, the inner wall of the first crushing cavity is provided with strip-shaped holes communicated with the second rotating cavity, the second connecting rods penetrate through the strip-shaped holes and are fixedly connected with the extrusion plates, a third sliding groove is transversely arranged on the side wall of the second crushing cavity, which is far away from the second rotating cavity, a third sliding block matched with the third sliding groove is arranged on the side wall of the extrusion plates, the extrusion plates are of a hollow structure, sliding plates are connected to the extrusion plates in a sliding manner, and a plurality of second sliding grooves are arranged on the inner walls of the two, and the lateral wall of slide is equipped with a plurality of second sliders that match with the second spout, one side lateral wall that the second slider was kept away from to the slide is equipped with a plurality of first crushing blades, two one side lateral wall that the stripper plate is relative all is equipped with a plurality of bar openings with inside intercommunication, and just first crushing blade runs through the bar opening setting, be equipped with the bar recess in the slide, and the bar recess runs through the upper and lower both sides lateral wall setting of slide, two the downside inner wall of stripper plate all is equipped with a driving motor, and a driving motor's output shaft has special-shaped gear, special-shaped gear is located the bar recess, and the inner wall of bar recess both sides all is equipped with the first tooth's socket that matches with special-shaped gear.

Preferably, the second crushing device comprises a second driving motor, a rotating roller connected to the second driving motor and a plurality of second crushing blades arranged on the rotating roller, the second driving motor is fixed on the bottom wall of the second crushing cavity, the rotating roller is of a hollow structure, the side wall of the rotating roller is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves matched with the second crushing blades, the mounting grooves are rotatably connected with the second crushing blades through rotating shafts, each rotating shaft is sleeved with a gear, the inner wall of each mounting groove is provided with an opening communicated with the inside of the rotating roller, the gear penetrates through the opening, the rotating roller is further provided with a third driving motor, the output shaft of the third driving motor is connected with a cam, a vertically arranged sliding rod is further slidably connected in the rotating roller and is positioned between two rows of gears, and a plurality of second tooth sockets matched with the gears are vertically arranged on the side walls of two sides of the sliding rod, the one end that the slide bar is close to the cam is equipped with the gyro wheel that matches with the cam, and the slide bar is kept away from the one end lateral wall of gyro wheel and is passed through the upside inner wall connection of spring with the live-rollers.

Preferably, the side wall of one of the baffles is provided with a clamping block, and the side wall of the other baffle is provided with a clamping groove matched with the clamping block.

Preferably, the length of the first sliding groove is smaller than that of the groove.

Preferably, the first crushing blades on the side walls of the two extrusion plates are arranged in a staggered fit.

The straw crushing device has the advantages that the first crushing device in the first crushing cavity and the second crushing device in the second crushing cavity can crush straws for multiple times, and the detention time of the straws in the first crushing cavity and the second crushing cavity can be controlled; meanwhile, the crushing directions of the first crushing device and the second crushing device are different, so that the crushing degree of the straws can be improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multi-stage combined crusher for straw according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a partition board of the multi-stage combined straw pulverizer of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a first crushing chamber of the multi-stage combined straw crusher according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram at B in fig. 1.

In the figure: the crushing device comprises a shell 1, a first crushing cavity 2, a second crushing cavity 3, a partition plate 4, a groove 5, a feed opening 6, a baffle 7, a first sliding block 8, a first sliding groove 9, a first rotating cavity 10, a first nut 11, a first threaded rod 12, a squeezing plate 13, a sliding plate 14, a second sliding groove 15, a second sliding block 16, a strip-shaped groove 17, a first connecting rod 18, a special-shaped gear 19, a first tooth groove 20, a first crushing blade 21, a first driving motor 22, a second rotating cavity 23, a second threaded rod 24, a second nut 25, a second connecting rod 26, a third sliding groove 27, a third sliding block 28, a second driving motor 29, a rotating roller 30, a mounting groove 31, a rotating shaft 32, a second crushing blade 33, a gear 34, a sliding rod 35, a third driving motor 36, a cam 37, a roller 38 and a second tooth groove 39.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1-5, a multi-stage combined crusher for straw comprises a casing 1, wherein the casing 1 is of a hollow structure, the inside of the casing 1 is divided into a first crushing cavity 2 and a second crushing cavity 3 by a transverse partition plate 4, the first crushing cavity 2 is positioned above the second crushing cavity 3, the side wall of the casing 1 is provided with a feed inlet communicated with the first crushing cavity 2, the side wall of the casing 1 is also provided with a discharge outlet communicated with the second crushing cavity 3, openings of the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are both rotatably connected with a cover plate, a feed opening 6 is arranged in the partition plate 4, the first crushing cavity 2 is communicated with the second crushing cavity 3 through the feed opening 6, two grooves 5 communicated with the feed opening 6 are symmetrically arranged in the partition plate 4, the grooves 5 are respectively positioned at two sides of the feed opening 6, two baffles 7 are arranged in the two grooves 5, and the two baffles 7 are matched with the feed opening 6, the side wall of one baffle 7 is provided with a clamping block, the side wall of the other baffle 7 is provided with a clamping groove matched with the clamping block, the stability of the baffle 7 when the feed opening 6 is closed is improved, the inner wall of the groove 5 is provided with a first sliding groove 9, the baffle 7 is in sliding connection with the first sliding groove 9 through a first sliding block 8, the length of the first sliding groove 9 is smaller than that of the groove 5, the baffle 7 is prevented from slipping off the groove 5 and falling into the second crushing cavity 3, a first rotating cavity 10 is transversely arranged in the baffle 4, the first rotating cavity 10 is communicated with the two grooves 5 through a sliding cavity, a first threaded rod 12 is rotatably connected in the first rotating cavity 10, two first nuts 11 matched with the first threaded rod 12 are sleeved on the first threaded rod 12, the internal threads of the two first nuts 11 are arranged in opposite directions, the side wall of the first nut 11 is provided with a first connecting rod 18, the first connecting rod 18 penetrates through the sliding cavity and is fixedly connected with the baffle 7 in the groove 5, a first crushing device and a second crushing device are respectively arranged in the first crushing cavity 2 and the second crushing cavity 3, the first crushing device comprises two extrusion plates 13 which are arranged in parallel, a second rotating cavity 23 with the position corresponding to the first crushing cavity 2 is arranged in the side wall of the shell 1, a second threaded rod 24 is connected in the second rotating cavity 23 in a rotating way, two second nuts 25 matched with the second threaded rod 24 are sleeved on the second threaded rod 24, the internal threads of the two second nuts 25 are arranged in opposite directions, the side walls of the two second nuts 25 are connected with second connecting rods 26, the inner wall of the first crushing cavity 2 is provided with a strip-shaped hole communicated with the second rotating cavity 23, the second connecting rods 26 penetrate through the strip-shaped hole and are fixedly connected with the extrusion plates 13, a third sliding chute 27 is transversely arranged on the side wall of the second crushing cavity 2 far away from the second rotating cavity 23, and a third sliding block 28 matched with the third sliding chute 27 is arranged on the side wall of the extrusion plates 13, the extrusion plates 13 are of a hollow structure, a sliding plate 14 is connected in the extrusion plates 13 in a sliding manner, a plurality of second sliding grooves 15 are arranged on the inner walls of the two opposite sides of the extrusion plates 13, a plurality of second sliding blocks 16 matched with the second sliding grooves 15 are arranged on the side walls of the sliding plate 14, which are far away from the second sliding blocks 16, a plurality of first crushing blades 21 are arranged on the side walls of the two opposite sides of the extrusion plates 13, a plurality of strip-shaped openings communicated with the inside are arranged on the side walls of the two opposite sides of the extrusion plates 13, the first crushing blades 21 penetrate through the strip-shaped openings, a strip-shaped groove 17 is arranged in the sliding plate 14, the strip-shaped groove 17 penetrates through the side walls of the upper side and the lower side of the sliding plate 17, a first driving motor 22 is arranged on the inner wall of the lower side of the two extrusion plates 13, an output shaft of the first driving motor 22 is connected with a special-shaped gear 19, the first crushing blades 21 positioned on the side walls of the two extrusion plates 13 are arranged in a staggered fit manner, when straws enter the first crushing cavity 2 from the feeding hole, the distance between the two extrusion plates 13 is controlled according to the quantity of the straws, at the moment, the second threaded rod 24 is rotated, and as the two second nuts 25 are sleeved on the second threaded rod 24 and the internal threads of the two second nuts 25 are arranged in opposite directions, the distance between the two extrusion plates 26 can be driven by the second connecting rod 26; when the first crushing blades 21 on the side walls of the two extrusion plates 13 are crossed together, the first driving motor 22 is started to drive the special-shaped gear 19 to rotate, and as the special-shaped gear 19 is arranged in the strip-shaped groove 17 and the inner wall of the strip-shaped groove 17 is provided with a plurality of first tooth grooves 20 matched with the special-shaped gear 19, the sliding plate 14 can be driven to reciprocate back and forth in the extrusion plates 13, so that the crushing operation on straws is completed; the second crushing device comprises a second driving motor 29, a rotating roller 30 connected to the second driving motor 29 and a plurality of second crushing blades 33 arranged on the rotating roller 30, the second driving motor 29 is fixed on the bottom wall of the second crushing cavity 3, the rotating roller 30 is of a hollow structure, the side wall of the rotating roller 30 is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves 31 matched with the second crushing blades 33, the mounting grooves 31 are rotatably connected with the second crushing blades 33 through rotating shafts 32, each rotating shaft 32 is sleeved with a gear 34, the inner wall of each mounting groove 31 is provided with an opening communicated with the inside of the rotating roller 30, the gear 34 penetrates through the opening, a third driving motor 36 is further arranged in the rotating roller 30, the output shaft of the third driving motor 36 is connected with a cam 37, a vertically arranged slide rod 35 is further slidably connected in the rotating roller 30, the slide rod 35 is positioned between the two rows of gears 34, a plurality of second tooth grooves 39 matched with the gear 34 are vertically arranged on the side walls on two sides of the slide rod 35, a roller 38 matched with the cam 37 is arranged at one end, close to the cam 37, of the slide rod 35, the side wall of one end, far away from the roller 38, of the slide rod 35 is connected with the inner wall of the upper side of the rotating roller 30 through a spring, and after the straws in the first crushing cavity 2 slide into the second crushing cavity 3 from the feed opening 6, the second driving motor 29 is started to drive the plurality of second crushing blades 33 to rotate through the rotating roller 30, so that the crushing operation of the straws in different directions is completed again; meanwhile, the third driving motor 36 is started to drive the cam 37 to rotate, the cam 37 drives the sliding rod 35 to move up and down through the matching of the roller 38 when rotating, the sliding rod 35 drives the gear 34 to rotate through a second tooth groove 39 on the side wall of the sliding rod 35, the gear 34 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 32, and the second crushing blade 33 is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the mounting groove 31 through the rotating shaft 32, so that when the sliding rod 35 reciprocates up and down, the second crushing blade 33 can be driven to swing, when the second crushing blade 33 rotates at an inclined angle, the crushing direction of straws can be changed again, and the crushing degree of straws is improved again.

According to the invention, the interior of the shell 1 is divided into the first crushing cavity 2 and the second crushing cavity 3, and the first crushing cavity 2 and the second crushing cavity 3 are separated by the partition plate 4, when straws enter the first crushing cavity 2 through the feed inlet, the crushing operation of the straws is completed under the work of the first crushing device, and an operator can control the opening time of the feed opening 6 in the partition plate 4 according to the quantity of the straws, so that the straws can be crushed fully and primarily; after the straw crushing operation in the first crushing cavity 2 is finished, the first threaded rod 12 is rotated, the baffle plates 7 are driven to slide in the grooves 5 through the matching of the first nuts 11 and the first connecting rods 18, and the two baffle plates 7 can be driven to mutually approach or keep away due to the fact that the internal threads of the two first nuts 11 are arranged in opposite directions, so that the opening or closing of the feeding hole is controlled; the crushed straws in the first crushing cavity 2 slide down into the second crushing cavity 3 through the feed opening 6, and the straws are crushed again under the action of the second crushing device; therefore, the straw pulverizer can complete multiple times of pulverizing operation on the straws through the first pulverizing device in the first pulverizing cavity 2 and the second pulverizing device in the second pulverizing cavity 3, and the pulverizing directions of the first pulverizing device and the second pulverizing device are different, so that the pulverizing degree of the straws can be improved.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage combined straw pulverizer comprises a shell (1) and is characterized in that the shell (1) is of a hollow structure, the interior of the shell (1) is divided into a first pulverizing cavity (2) and a second pulverizing cavity (3) through a transversely arranged partition plate (4), the first pulverizing cavity (2) is located above the second pulverizing cavity (3), a feed inlet communicated with the first pulverizing cavity (2) is formed in the side wall of the shell (1), a discharge outlet communicated with the second pulverizing cavity (3) is further formed in the side wall of the shell (1), cover plates are rotatably connected to openings of the feed inlet and the discharge outlet, a feed opening (6) is formed in the partition plate (4), the first pulverizing cavity (2) is communicated with the second pulverizing cavity (3) through the feed opening (6), two grooves (5) communicated with the feed opening (6) are symmetrically formed in the partition plate (4), and the grooves (5) are respectively arranged at two sides of the feed opening (6), two baffles (7) are arranged in each groove (5), the two baffles (7) are arranged in a matching way with the feed opening (6), the inner wall of each groove (5) is provided with a first chute (9), the baffles (7) are connected with the first chutes (9) in a sliding way through a first sliding block (8), a first rotating cavity (10) is transversely arranged in each partition plate (4), the first rotating cavity (10) is communicated with the two grooves (5) through a sliding cavity, a first threaded rod (12) is rotatably connected in each first rotating cavity (10), two first nuts (11) matched with the first threaded rods (12) are sleeved on the first threaded rods (12), the internal threads of the two first nuts (11) are arranged in opposite directions, the side walls of the first nuts (11) are provided with first connecting rods (18), and the first connecting rods (18) penetrate through the sliding cavities and are fixedly connected with the baffles (7) in the grooves (5), a first crushing device and a second crushing device are respectively arranged in the first crushing cavity (2) and the second crushing cavity (3);

the first crushing device comprises two extrusion plates (13) which are arranged in parallel, a second rotating cavity (23) with the position corresponding to the first crushing cavity (2) is arranged in the side wall of the shell (1), a second threaded rod (24) is connected in the second rotating cavity (23) in a rotating manner, two second nuts (25) matched with the second threaded rod are sleeved on the second threaded rod (24), the internal threads of the two second nuts (25) are arranged in opposite directions, the side wall of the two second nuts (25) is connected with a second connecting rod (26), a strip-shaped hole communicated with the second rotating cavity (23) is formed in the inner wall of the first crushing cavity (2), the second connecting rod (26) penetrates through the strip-shaped hole and is fixedly connected with the extrusion plates (13), a third sliding groove (27) is transversely formed in the side wall, far away from the second rotating cavity (23), of the first crushing cavity (2), and a third sliding block (28) matched with the third sliding groove (27) is arranged on the side wall of the extrusion plates (13), the extrusion plates (13) are of a hollow structure, sliding plates (14) are connected in the extrusion plates (13) in a sliding mode, a plurality of second sliding grooves (15) are formed in the inner walls of the two opposite sides of the extrusion plates (13), a plurality of second sliding blocks (16) matched with the second sliding grooves (15) are arranged on the side walls of the sliding plates (14), a plurality of first crushing blades (21) are arranged on the side wall, away from the second sliding blocks (16), of the sliding plate (14), a plurality of strip-shaped openings communicated with the inside are formed in the side walls of the two opposite sides of the extrusion plates (13), the first crushing blades (21) penetrate through the strip-shaped openings, strip-shaped grooves (17) are formed in the sliding plates (14), the strip-shaped grooves (17) penetrate through the side walls of the upper side and the lower side of the sliding plates (14), first driving motors (22) are arranged on the inner walls of the lower sides of the two extrusion plates (13), and output shafts of the first driving motors (22), the special-shaped gear (19) is located in the strip-shaped groove (17), and first tooth grooves (20) matched with the special-shaped gear (19) are formed in the inner walls of the two sides of the strip-shaped groove (17).

2. The multi-stage combined straw pulverizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second pulverizing device comprises a second driving motor (29), a rotating roller (30) connected to the second driving motor (29), and a plurality of second pulverizing blades (33) arranged on the rotating roller (30), the second driving motor (29) is fixed on the bottom wall of the second pulverizing chamber (3), the rotating roller (30) is of a hollow structure, the side wall of the rotating roller (30) is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves (31) matched with the second pulverizing blades (33), the mounting grooves (31) are rotatably connected with the second pulverizing blades (33) through rotating shafts (32), each rotating shaft (32) is sleeved with a gear (34), the inner wall of each mounting groove (31) is provided with an opening communicated with the inside of the rotating roller (30), and the gears (34) are arranged through the openings, still be equipped with third driving motor (36) in live-rollers (30), and the output shaft of third driving motor (36) has cam (37), still sliding connection has slide bar (35) of vertical setting in live-rollers (30), and slide bar (35) are located between two rows of gears (34), the vertical range of slide bar (35) both sides lateral wall has a plurality of second tooth's socket (39) that match with gear (34), the one end that slide bar (35) are close to cam (37) is equipped with gyro wheel (38) that match with cam (37), and the upside inner wall connection of gyro wheel (38) is passed through spring and live-rollers (30) in the one end lateral wall that slide bar (35) kept away from gyro wheel (38).

3. The straw multi-stage combined crusher as claimed in claim 1, wherein the side wall of one of the baffles (7) is provided with a clamping block, and the side wall of the other baffle (7) is provided with a clamping groove matched with the clamping block.

4. A straw multistage combined crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the first chute (9) is smaller than the length of the groove (5).

5. A multi-stage combined stalk shredder according to claim 1, characterised in that the first shredding blades (21) located on the side walls of the two stripper plates (13) are arranged in a staggered fit.