CN108118243B - High-manganese austenitic heat-resistant steel alloy material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-manganese austenitic heat-resistant steel alloy material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108118243B CN108118243B CN201711304730.0A CN201711304730A CN108118243B CN 108118243 B CN108118243 B CN 108118243B CN 201711304730 A CN201711304730 A CN 201711304730A CN 108118243 B CN108118243 B CN 108118243B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
Abstract
The invention provides a high manganese austenite type heat-resistant steel alloy material, which comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: c: 0.12-0.15%, Cr: 20.00% -22.00%, Si: 1.20-1.50%, Mn: 13.5% -16.50%, Ni: 2.00% -5.00%, N: 0.16 to 0.20 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. By testing the mechanical properties of the alloy material, the result is as follows: the yield strength Rp0.2 of the finished product forged piece of the alloy material is more than or equal to 490MPa, the tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 890MPa, the elongation A is more than or equal to 45 percent, and the reduction of area Z is more than or equal to 65 percent; the corrosion resistance of the alloy material is quite excellent, the surface of the steel is basically free of cracks, and the requirements of the material performance under the complex environment can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of austenite alloy material smelting, and particularly relates to a high-manganese austenite heat-resistant steel alloy material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The austenitic stainless steel is a stainless steel having an austenitic structure at normal temperature. The steel has a stable austenitic structure when it contains about 18% Cr, 8% to 25% Ni, and about 0.1% C. The austenitic stainless steel is the most widely used stainless steel in industry, has good corrosion resistance and comprehensive mechanical property, has room temperature and low temperature toughness, plasticity and weldability which are greatly higher than those of the ferritic stainless steel, and has excellent corrosion resistance in oxidizing, neutral and weak oxidizing mediums.
In austenitic stainless steels, nickel is the predominant austenitizing element, whose main role is to form and stabilize austenite, rendering the stainless steel stainlessGood strength, plasticity and toughness are obtained. 316L austenitic stainless steel is a stainless steel material widely applied to the field of biomedicine at present, and the nickel content of the stainless steel material is up to 12-15 percent. However, nickel element has potential sensitization and has teratogenic, carcinogenic and other hazards to organisms, and in the European Association 94/27/EC standard promulgated in 1994, it is required that the nickel content in medical materials implanted into the human body should not exceed 0.05%, and for metal materials which are in long-term contact with the human skin, such as jewelry, watches, rings, bracelets and the like, the nickel content should not exceed 0.5 μ g/cm per week in terms of skin permeation2Is the highest limit.
In addition, nickel is a precious rare element and belongs to strategic resources, and a large amount of nickel element is consumed in the production of austenitic stainless steel, so that the product price is high, and the development of resource-saving materials is not facilitated. Therefore, the development of the low-nickel and nickel-free austenitic stainless steel with other elements for replacing nickel or reducing the content of nickel is beneficial to reducing the cost, saving expensive strategic elements and improving the use safety of the stainless steel.
Therefore, an austenitic alloy material using manganese to replace nickel becomes a hot spot of the existing research, however, the content of manganese in the existing austenitic alloy material is not high and is difficult to reach more than 10%, when a large amount of manganese replaces nickel, the content of chromium in the alloy is low, low-Cr steel cannot be used as acid-resistant stainless steel, Cr-Mn steel needs to obtain a pure austenitic structure, the carbon content in the steel needs to be increased, and when the content of nickel is less than 5%, the austenitic type of the alloy material is unstable, the mechanical property of the stainless steel is poor, the corrosion resistance is also poor, cracks are easy to appear on the surface of the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel, and the quality of the obtained stainless steel material is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a high manganese austenitic heat resistant steel alloy material and a method for preparing the same, wherein high contents of manganese and chromium are used to replace nickel, thereby obtaining an austenitic alloy steel material with excellent mechanical properties, and the obtained material has a stable austenitic structure, excellent corrosion resistance of stainless steel, and substantially no cracks on the surface of steel, thereby meeting the use requirements under complex working environments.
The invention achieves the aim through the following technical scheme, and the high manganese austenite heat-resistant steel alloy material comprises the following elements in percentage by weight:
c: 0.12-0.15%, Cr: 20.00% -22.00%, Si: 1.20-1.50%, Mn: 13.5% -16.50%, Ni: 2.00% -5.00%, N: 0.16 to 0.20 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The austenitic heat-resistant steel alloy material disclosed by the invention has the element composition that the content of low-carbon steel is 0.12-0.15%, but the content of chromium is higher than 20%, the content of manganese is higher than 13.5-16.5%, the content of nickel is higher than 5% and higher than 2%, the strategic resource nickel is well saved, the stable austenitic structure can be kept, the corrosion resistance is quite excellent, the surface of steel is basically free of cracks, and high-quality austenitic heat-resistant alloy steel can be obtained.
Further, the impurities are: calculated by weight percentage, P is less than or equal to 0.025 percent, S is less than or equal to 0.015 percent, B is less than or equal to 0.020 percent, and Cu is less than or equal to 0.10 percent.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the alloy material comprises the following elements:
c: 0.15%, Cr: 22.00%, Si: 1.50%, Mn: 14.50%, Ni: 3.50%, N: 0.18%, P: 0.005%, S: 0.005%, B: 0.011%, Cu: 0.08 percent and the balance of Fe. This elemental composition results in an austenitic stainless steel of optimal quality and performance.
The preparation method of the high manganese austenite type heat-resistant steel alloy material provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step A, smelting required elements in a non-vacuum induction furnace;
step B, pouring the molten steel in the step A into a ladle-to-LF furnace for refining;
step C, transferring the molten steel in the step B to VD for vacuum refining, and pouring the molten steel into steel ingots after the vacuum refining is finished;
and D, heating and forging the steel ingot obtained in the step C to prepare a forging, wherein the steps and the technological parameters are as follows: heating the steel bar to 1050-1060 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, heating to 1175-1185 ℃, preserving heat for 3-4 hours, discharging and forging;
e, air-cooling the forged piece obtained in the step D to room temperature after forging;
step F, processing the surface of the forged piece obtained in the step E, processing the surface of the finished forged piece, eliminating surface defects, and enabling the size, shape and surface quality of the forged piece to meet design requirements to obtain the finished forged piece;
and G, sampling the finished product forged piece obtained in the step F, testing the mechanical property, and performing a corresponding mechanical property test.
Further, the mechanical property test of the step G is as follows:
1) carrying out heat treatment on the sample, namely placing the finished product forging at 1140 +/-10 ℃, and carrying out water cooling after heat preservation for 1.0-2.0 h;
2) the mechanical property of the finished product forged piece obtained in the step 1) is that the yield strength Rp0.2 is more than or equal to 490MPa, the tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 890MPa, the elongation A is more than or equal to 45 percent, and the reduction of area Z is more than or equal to 65 percent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the high-manganese austenitic heat-resistant steel alloy material provided by the invention can greatly save the content of nickel, the content of nickel can be reduced to below 5%, the content of manganese can be up to 16.5%, in addition, the content of chromium can account for 20.00-22.00%, the obtained alloy material has stable austenite type, the corrosion resistance of the material is quite excellent, the surface of steel is basically free of cracks, the requirement of the material performance under a complex environment can be met, and the high-manganese austenitic heat-resistant steel alloy material has good economic and social benefits and is suitable for popularization and application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be noted that the following embodiments are only for explaining and illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but rather, may be modified within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A high manganese austenitic heat resistant steel alloy material, the element composition of which is, in weight percent:
c: 0.12%, Cr: 20.00%, Si: 1.20%, Mn: 13.5%, Ni: 2.00%, N: 0.16%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. Wherein the impurities comprise the following components in percentage by weight: p: 0.025%, S: 0.015%, B: 0.020%, Cu: 0.10 percent.
The preparation method of the alloy material comprises the following steps:
step A, smelting required elements in a non-vacuum induction furnace;
step B, pouring the molten steel in the step A into a ladle, and then transferring into an LF furnace for refining;
step C, transferring the molten steel in the step B to VD for vacuum refining, and casting the molten steel into steel ingots after the refining is finished;
and D, heating and forging the steel ingot obtained in the step C to prepare a forging, wherein the process comprises the following steps: heating the steel ingot to 1050-1060 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, then heating to 1175-1185 ℃, preserving heat for 3-4 hours, discharging and forging;
e, forging the forged piece obtained in the step D, and then air-cooling to room temperature;
step F, processing the surface of the forged piece obtained in the step E, processing the surface of the finished forged piece, eliminating surface defects, and enabling the size, shape and surface quality of the forged piece to meet design requirements to obtain the finished forged piece;
and G, sampling the finished product forged piece obtained in the step F, testing the mechanical property, and performing a corresponding mechanical property test.
The mechanical property test operation is as follows:
1) carrying out heat treatment on the sample, namely placing the finished product forging at 1140 ℃, preserving heat for 1.0h and then carrying out water cooling;
2) the mechanical property of the finished product forged piece obtained in the step 1) is that the yield strength Rp0.2 is 490MPa, the tensile strength Rm is 890MPa, the elongation A is 45 percent, and the reduction of area Z is 65 percent.
The alloy material has a stable austenite type, has excellent acid and alkali corrosion resistance and chloride ion corrosion resistance, and has a surface crack rate of only 0.6% after 200 tests.
Example 2
A high manganese austenitic heat resistant steel alloy material, the element composition of which is, in weight percent:
c: 0.15%, Cr: 22.00%, Si: 1.50%, Mn: 14.50%, Ni: 3.50%, N: 0.18%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. Wherein the impurities comprise the following components in percentage by weight: p: 0.005%, S: 0.005%, B: 0.011%, Cu: 0.08 percent.
The preparation method of the alloy material refers to example 1, and the alloy material is subjected to mechanical property tests, and the result is as follows: the yield strength Rp0.2 is 532MPa, the tensile strength Rm is 903MPa, the elongation A is 49 percent and the reduction of area Z is 68 percent.
The alloy material has a stable austenite type, has excellent acid and alkali corrosion resistance and chloride ion corrosion resistance, and the surface crack rate of the obtained alloy material is only 0.2% after 500 tests.
Example 3
A high manganese austenitic heat resistant steel alloy material, the element composition of which is, in weight percent:
c: 0.14%, Cr: 21.00%, Si: 1.35%, Mn: 16.50%, Ni: 5.00%, N: 0.20%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. Wherein the impurities comprise the following components in percentage by weight: p: 0.019%, S: 0.012%, B: 0.013%, Cu: 0.09 percent.
The preparation method of the alloy material refers to example 1, and the alloy material is subjected to mechanical property tests, and the result is as follows: the yield strength Rp0.2 was 498MPa, the tensile strength Rm was 897MPa, the elongation A was 46%, and the reduction of area Z was 66%.
The alloy material has a stable austenite type, has excellent acid and alkali corrosion resistance and chloride ion corrosion resistance, and has a surface crack rate of only 0.4% after 300 tests.
Claims (2)
1. A preparation method of a high-manganese austenitic heat-resistant steel alloy material is characterized in that the material comprises the following elements in percentage by weight:
c: 0.15%, Cr: 22.00%, Si: 1.50%, Mn: 14.5%, Ni: 3.50%, N: 0.18%, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities; the inevitable impurities are P: 0.005%, S: 0.005%, B: 0.011%, Cu: 0.08 percent;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step A, smelting required elements in a non-vacuum induction furnace;
step B, pouring the molten steel in the step A into a ladle, and then transferring into an LF furnace for refining;
c, transferring the molten steel in the step B to a VD furnace for vacuum refining, and pouring the molten steel into steel ingots after the refining is finished;
and D, heating and forging the steel ingot obtained in the step C to prepare a forging, wherein the process comprises the following steps: heating the steel ingot to 1050-1060 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, then heating to 1175-1185 ℃, preserving heat for 3-4 hours, discharging and forging;
e, forging the forged piece obtained in the step D, and then air-cooling to room temperature;
step F, processing the surface of the forged piece obtained in the step E, processing the surface of the finished forged piece, eliminating surface defects, and enabling the size, shape and surface quality of the forged piece to meet design requirements to obtain the finished forged piece;
g, sampling the finished product forged piece obtained in the step F, testing the mechanical property, and performing a corresponding mechanical property test;
the mechanical property test is as follows:
1) carrying out heat treatment on the sample, namely placing the finished product forging at 1140 +/-10 ℃, and carrying out water cooling after heat preservation for 1.0-2.0 h;
2) and (3) testing mechanical properties, wherein the yield strength Rp0.2 of the finished product forged piece obtained in the step 1) is more than or equal to 490MPa, the tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 890MPa, the elongation A is more than or equal to 45%, and the reduction of area Z is more than or equal to 65%.
2. A high manganese austenitic heat resistant steel alloy material, characterized by being produced by the method of claim 1.
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| CN117448692B (en) * | 2023-12-25 | 2024-04-05 | 科华控股股份有限公司 | High-manganese low-nickel austenitic heat-resistant steel and application thereof |
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Address after: 621700 Yanghe Village, Sanhe Town, Jiangyou City, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province Applicant after: Sichuan Liuhe Special Metal Materials Co., Ltd. Address before: 621700 Yanghe Village, Sanhe Town, Jiangyou City, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province Applicant before: Sichuan Liuhe Forging Company Ltd. |
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