CN108118215B - 6-series aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
6-series aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a 6-series aluminum alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.75-1.1% of magnesium, 0.01-0.02% of titanium, 0.06-0.13% of manganese, 0.5-0.7% of silicon, 0.55-0.7% of copper, 0.005-0.01% of strontium, 0.002-0.008% of pickaxe, no more than 0.13% of iron, no more than 0.01% of zinc and no more than 0.01% of chromium, and the balance of aluminum. The invention also relates to a preparation method of the 6-series aluminum alloy. The 6-series aluminum alloy of the invention has the advantages of obviously improving the mechanical property of the alloy and high glossiness of the alloy after high gloss oxidation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an aluminum alloy technology, and is characterized by relating to a 6-series aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The aluminum alloy is prepared by adding some alloy elements into pure aluminum, such as Al-Mn alloy developed by adding manganese elements into pure aluminum, Al-Cu alloy developed by adding copper elements into pure aluminum, Al-Cu-Mg series hard aluminum alloy developed by simultaneously adding copper and magnesium elements into pure aluminum, Al-Zn-Mg-Cu series super hard aluminum alloy developed by simultaneously adding zinc, magnesium and copper elements into pure aluminum, and the like. The aluminum alloy has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, good heat dissipation, good hand feeling and easy anodic oxidation coloring. Under the same strength requirement, the aluminum alloy parts can be thinner and lighter than plastic, and can meet the requirements of high integration, lightness, thinness, miniaturization, anti-collision, electromagnetic shielding and heat dissipation of 3C products. Aluminum alloys used by IT equipment such as mobile phones, tablet computers and notebook computers in the market are generally 6 series aluminum alloys, and with the progress of science and technology, the traditional 6-series aluminum alloys are difficult to meet the requirements of high-end products in terms of strength, especially in terms of indexes such as deformation and bending resistance and drop deformation resistance.
In the existing 6 series aluminum alloy, the hardness and tensile strength of the common 6013 type aluminum alloy need to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: a6-series aluminum alloy having improved hardness and tensile strength and a method for producing the same are provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a6-series aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.75-1.1% of magnesium, 0.01-0.02% of titanium, 0.06-0.13% of manganese, 0.5-0.7% of silicon, 0.55-0.7% of copper, 0.005-0.01% of strontium, 0.002-0.008% of pickaxe, no more than 0.13% of iron, no more than 0.01% of zinc and no more than 0.01% of chromium, and the balance of aluminum.
The preparation method of the 6-series aluminum alloy comprises the following steps of sequentially carrying out batching, melting, slagging-off, alloying, casting, homogenizing annealing and saw cutting according to the composition of the 6-series aluminum alloy to obtain the 6-series aluminum alloy, wherein the casting operation temperature is higher than or equal to 695-DEG-F705 ℃, and the content of hydrogen is controlled not to exceed 0.12ml/100gAl in the casting operation process; the heat preservation temperature of the homogenization operation is 535-.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the 6 series aluminum alloy of the invention is designed with 0.88 to 0.92 percent of magnesium, 0.012 to 0.016 percent of titanium, 0.07 to 0.10 percent of manganese, 0.56 to 0.60 percent of silicon, not more than 0.11 percent of iron, 0.55 to 0.63 percent of copper, not more than 0.01 percent of zinc and not more than 0.01 percent of chromium, wherein the proportion of magnesium, silicon and copper is reduced compared with the prior 6 series aluminum alloy (such as 6013 type aluminum alloy). In the prior art, the mechanical property is improved under the condition of improving the ratio of magnesium, silicon and copper under the general condition, and multiple research and development and tests show that the mechanical property can not be reduced due to proper reduction of the ratio of magnesium, silicon and copper (namely the ratio value of the invention), and the specific design of the ratio of magnesium, silicon and copper can also achieve the technical effect of remarkably improving the mechanical property of the alloy; in addition, the function of trace strontium in the aluminum alloy is to improve the mechanical property and plastic processability of the product and improve the surface roughness of the product. Meanwhile, the beta-AlFeSi phase in the ingot is converted into the alpha-AlFeSi phase, so that the ingot homogenization time is reduced; the pickaxe can solve the problem of serious material lines after the anodic oxidation of the product. Compared with the existing 6013 type aluminum alloy, the 6-series aluminum alloy has the advantages that the Vickers hardness is more than 125HV, the tensile strength is more than 360MPa, the yield strength is more than 330MPa, and the elongation is more than 13 percent; the hardness of the existing 6013 type aluminum alloy is only 110HV, the tensile strength is 340MPa, the yield strength is 300MPa, and the elongation is 10 percent;
(2) when the 6-series aluminum alloy is subjected to highlight oxidation, the glossiness is high, and no pock phenomenon exists after oxidation, grinding and polishing. Analyzing a metallographic precipitated phase diagram without obvious black spots; tests show that the glossiness is more than 100, the precipitated phase is within 10 mu m and no obvious pock is generated; the pit phenomenon is generally generated due to too large precipitated phases of the conventional 6013 type aluminum alloy after oxidation, grinding and polishing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a metallographic graph of a precipitated phase of an existing 6013-type aluminum alloy after oxidation, grinding and polishing;
FIG. 2 is a metallographic graph of a precipitated phase of a series 6 aluminum alloy after oxidation, sanding and polishing in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to explain technical contents, achieved objects, and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments.
The most key concept of the invention is as follows: the ratio of magnesium, silicon and copper is properly reduced so as to obviously improve the mechanical property of the alloy.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a 6-series aluminum alloy comprises the following components by weight percent: 0.75-1.1% of magnesium, 0.01-0.02% of titanium, 0.06-0.13% of manganese, 0.5-0.7% of silicon, 0.55-0.7% of copper, 0.005-0.01% of strontium, 0.002-0.008% of pickaxe, no more than 0.13% of iron, no more than 0.01% of zinc and no more than 0.01% of chromium, and the balance of aluminum.
The preparation method of the 6-series aluminum alloy comprises the following steps of sequentially carrying out batching, melting, slagging-off, alloying, casting, homogenizing annealing and saw cutting according to the composition of the 6-series aluminum alloy to obtain the 6-series aluminum alloy, wherein the casting operation temperature is higher than or equal to 695-DEG-F705 ℃, and the content of hydrogen is controlled not to exceed 0.12ml/100gAl in the casting operation process; the heat preservation temperature of the homogenization operation is 535-.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) the 6 series aluminum alloy of the invention is designed with 0.88 to 0.92 percent of magnesium, 0.012 to 0.016 percent of titanium, 0.07 to 0.10 percent of manganese, 0.56 to 0.60 percent of silicon, not more than 0.11 percent of iron, 0.55 to 0.63 percent of copper, not more than 0.01 percent of zinc and not more than 0.01 percent of chromium, wherein the proportion of magnesium, silicon and copper is reduced compared with the prior 6 series aluminum alloy (such as 6013 type aluminum alloy). In the prior art, the mechanical property is improved under the condition of improving the ratio of magnesium, silicon and copper under the general condition, and multiple research and development and tests show that the mechanical property can not be reduced due to proper reduction of the ratio of magnesium, silicon and copper (namely the ratio value of the invention), and the specific design of the ratio of magnesium, silicon and copper can also achieve the technical effect of remarkably improving the mechanical property of the alloy; in addition, the function of trace strontium in the aluminum alloy is to improve the mechanical property and plastic processability of the product and improve the surface roughness of the product. Meanwhile, the beta-AlFeSi phase in the ingot is converted into the alpha-AlFeSi phase, so that the ingot homogenization time is reduced; the pickaxe can solve the problem of serious material lines after the anodic oxidation of the product. Compared with the existing 6013 type aluminum alloy, the 6-series aluminum alloy has the advantages that the Vickers hardness is more than 125HV, the tensile strength is more than 360MPa, the yield strength is more than 330MPa, and the elongation is more than 13 percent; the hardness of the existing 6013 type aluminum alloy is only 110HV, the tensile strength is 340MPa, the yield strength is 300MPa, and the elongation is 10 percent;
(2) when the 6-series aluminum alloy is subjected to highlight oxidation, the glossiness is high, and no pock phenomenon exists after oxidation, grinding and polishing. Analyzing a metallographic precipitated phase diagram without obvious black spots; tests show that the glossiness is more than 100, the precipitated phase is within 10 mu m and no obvious pock is generated; the pit phenomenon is generally generated due to too large precipitated phases of the conventional 6013 type aluminum alloy after oxidation, grinding and polishing.
In the 6-series aluminum alloy of the present invention:
further, the content of the silicon is 0.57-0.60%.
Further, the content of copper is 0.55-0.59% or 0.60-0.63%; the content of the magnesium is 0.89-0.91%.
Further, the content of manganese is 0.08-0.10%.
Further, the total impurity element content of the 6 series aluminum alloy is lower than 0.10%, and the single impurity element content of the 6 series aluminum alloy is not higher than 0.05%.
Further, the mass ratio of magnesium to silicon is 1.5: 1.
From the above description, the contents of silicon, copper, magnesium and manganese are further adjusted to optimize the ratio of magnesium, silicon and copper, so as to obtain better mechanical properties of the alloy.
The preparation method of the 6-series aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
further, the temperature of the casting operation is 700 ± 3 ℃.
Further, the homogenizing operation comprises at least one air cooling and at least one water cooling, wherein the air cooling time is 120-150 ℃, and the water cooling time is 30-40 min.
Further, the temperature of the alloying operation is 720-740 ℃, the materials form a melt after the alloying operation, the temperature of the obtained melt is controlled to 738 +/-5 ℃, and then the casting operation is carried out.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a first embodiment of the present invention is:
the method for preparing the 6-series aluminum alloy of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) the 6-series aluminum alloy comprises the following components: the 6-series aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.75% of magnesium, 0.01% of titanium, 0.06% of manganese, 0.5% of silicon, 0.55% of copper, 0.005% of strontium, 0.002% of pickaxe, not more than 0.13% of iron, not more than 0.01% of zinc and not more than 0.01% of chromium, and the balance of aluminum; wherein the total impurity element content of the 6 series aluminum alloy is 0.08%, and the single impurity element content of the 6 series aluminum alloy is 0.03%.
(2) The 6-series aluminum alloy is obtained by sequentially carrying out batching, melting, slagging-off, alloying, casting, homogenizing annealing and saw cutting operations according to the composition of the 6-series aluminum alloy, wherein the temperature of the casting operation is 695 ℃, and the content of hydrogen is controlled to be 0.12ml/100gAl in the casting operation process; the heat preservation temperature of the homogenization operation is 535 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 600 min. The temperature of the casting operation was 697 ℃. The homogenization operation comprises at least one air cooling and at least one water cooling, wherein the air cooling time is 120 ℃, and the water cooling time is 30 min. The temperature of the alloying operation is 720 ℃, the materials form a melt after the alloying operation, the temperature of the obtained melt is controlled to be 733 ℃, and then the casting operation is carried out.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a second embodiment of the present invention is:
the method for preparing the 6-series aluminum alloy of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) the 6-series aluminum alloy comprises the following components: the 6-series aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.1% of magnesium, 0.02% of titanium, 0.13% of manganese, 0.7% of silicon, 0.7% of copper, 0.01% of strontium, 0.008% of pickaxe, no more than 0.13% of iron, no more than 0.01% of zinc and no more than 0.01% of chromium, and the balance of aluminum; wherein the total impurity element content of the 6 series aluminum alloy is 0.05 percent, and the single impurity element content of the 6 series aluminum alloy is 0.02 percent.
(2) The 6-series aluminum alloy is obtained by sequentially carrying out batching, melting, slagging-off, alloying, casting, homogenizing annealing and saw cutting operations according to the composition of the 6-series aluminum alloy, wherein the temperature of the casting operation is 705 ℃, and the content of hydrogen is controlled to be 0.12ml/100gAl in the casting operation process; the heat preservation temperature of the homogenization operation is 545 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 660 min. The temperature of the casting operation was 703 ℃. The homogenization operation comprises at least one air cooling and at least one water cooling, wherein the air cooling time is 150 ℃, and the water cooling time is 40 min. The temperature of the alloying operation is 740 ℃, the materials form a melt after the alloying operation, the temperature of the obtained melt is controlled to 743 ℃, and then the casting operation is carried out.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a third embodiment of the present invention is:
the method for preparing the 6-series aluminum alloy of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) the 6-series aluminum alloy comprises the following components: the 6-series aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1% of magnesium, 0.015% of titanium, 0.08% of manganese, 0.6% of silicon, 0.6% of copper, 0.008% of strontium, 0.006% of pickaxe, not more than 0.13% of iron, not more than 0.01% of zinc and not more than 0.01% of chromium, and the balance of aluminum; wherein the total impurity element content of the 6 series aluminum alloy is 0.06%, and the single impurity element content of the 6 series aluminum alloy is 0.01%.
(2) The 6-series aluminum alloy is obtained by sequentially carrying out batching, melting, slagging-off, alloying, casting, homogenizing annealing and saw cutting operations according to the composition of the 6-series aluminum alloy, wherein the temperature of the casting operation is 695 ℃, and the content of hydrogen is controlled not to exceed 0.12ml/100gAl in the casting operation process; the heat preservation temperature of the homogenization operation is 540 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 630 min. The temperature of the casting operation was 700 ℃. The homogenization operation comprises at least one air cooling and at least one water cooling, wherein the air cooling time is 130 ℃, and the water cooling time is 35 min. The temperature of the alloying operation is 730 ℃, the materials form a melt after the alloying operation, the temperature of the obtained melt is controlled to 738 ℃, and then the casting operation is carried out.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a fourth embodiment of the present invention is:
the preparation method of the 6-series aluminum alloy of the embodiment is different from the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment only in the composition of the 6-series aluminum alloy, and the other steps are the same as the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment. The 6-series aluminum alloy comprises the following components: the same as in example one, example two, or example three, except that "the content of silicon is 0.593% and the content of magnesium is 0.89".
Referring to fig. 1-2, a fifth embodiment of the present invention is:
the preparation method of the 6-series aluminum alloy of the embodiment is different from the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment only in the composition of the 6-series aluminum alloy, and the other steps are the same as the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment. The 6-series aluminum alloy comprises the following components: the same applies to the first, second, or third examples, except that "the content of silicon is 0.60% and the content of magnesium is 0.90".
Referring to fig. 1-2, a sixth embodiment of the present invention is:
the preparation method of the 6-series aluminum alloy of the embodiment is different from the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment only in the composition of the 6-series aluminum alloy, and the other steps are the same as the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment. The 6-series aluminum alloy comprises the following components: only "the content of silicon is 0.57%; the copper content is 0.55%; the magnesium content was 0.89% ", and the other examples were the same as examples one, two, or three.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a seventh embodiment of the present invention is:
the preparation method of the 6-series aluminum alloy of the embodiment is different from the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment only in the composition of the 6-series aluminum alloy, and the other steps are the same as the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment. The 6-series aluminum alloy comprises the following components: only "the content of silicon is 0.60%; the copper content is 0.59%; the magnesium content was 0.91% ", and the other examples were the same as examples one, two, or three.
Referring to fig. 1-2, an eighth embodiment of the present invention is:
the preparation method of the 6-series aluminum alloy of the embodiment is different from the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment only in the composition of the 6-series aluminum alloy, and the other steps are the same as the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment. The 6-series aluminum alloy comprises the following components: only "the content of silicon is 0.59%; the copper content is 0.58%; the magnesium content was 0.90% ", and the other examples were the same as those in example one, example two, or example three.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a ninth embodiment of the invention is:
the preparation method of the 6-series aluminum alloy of the embodiment is different from the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment only in the composition of the 6-series aluminum alloy, and the other steps are the same as the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment. The 6-series aluminum alloy comprises the following components: only "the content of silicon is 0.57%; the copper content is 0.60%; the magnesium content was 0.89% ", and the other examples were the same as examples one, two, or three.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a tenth embodiment of the present invention is:
the preparation method of the 6-series aluminum alloy of the embodiment is different from the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment only in the composition of the 6-series aluminum alloy, and the other steps are the same as the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment. The 6-series aluminum alloy comprises the following components: only "the content of silicon is 0.60%; the copper content is 0.63%; the magnesium content was 0.91% ", and the other examples were the same as examples one, two, or three.
Referring to fig. 1-2, an eleventh embodiment of the present invention is:
the preparation method of the 6-series aluminum alloy of the embodiment is different from the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment only in the composition of the 6-series aluminum alloy, and the other steps are the same as the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment. The 6-series aluminum alloy comprises the following components: only "the content of silicon is 0.59%; the copper content is 0.61%; the magnesium content was 0.90% ", and the other examples were the same as those in example one, example two, or example three.
In the aspect of raw material selection, the aluminum raw material is selected from an aluminum ingot for high-purity remelting, and the iron and silicon content in the aluminum ingot for high-purity remelting is as follows: fe < 0.10; si < 0.06; the special impurity content is as follows: individually <0.01, and in total < 0.10. The magnesium raw material selects magnesium ingots, and the content of Mg in the magnesium ingots is as follows: the magnesium is more than or equal to 99.90 percent (which conforms to GB/T3499-; the silicon raw material adopts aluminum-silicon alloy, and the silicon content in the aluminum-silicon alloy is as follows: 9-11% of silicon and less than 0.10% of Fe; the copper raw material adopts aluminum-copper alloy, and the copper content in the aluminum-copper alloy is as follows: 28-32% of copper (according with YS/T282-2000); the manganese raw material selects a manganese additive, wherein the manganese content in the manganese additive is 85% (aluminum type manganese agent); meanwhile, the aluminum-titanium-boron is selected as a raw material, and the specification and the model of the aluminum-titanium-boron are as follows: al-5Ti-1B (according to YS/T282-2000), the manufacturer can be: KBM, KBA and LSM above the new star casting and rolling stage; meanwhile, aluminum scrap returns are selected as raw materials, and the aluminum scrap returns have the following quality requirements: the surface should be clean: no dirt, no oil stain, no moisture, no surface treatment layer and other impurities which influence the quality, clear identification of the alloy mark and no mixed material; standard examples of aluminium returns are: the method comprises the steps of cutting head and tail, discharging block, casting bar waste, extruding cutting head and tail, and deep processing waste in the production process of the same alloy, wherein aluminum scraps, aluminum ash reclaimed materials, 3000 series high manganese waste, 4000 series high silicon waste and other waste containing iron, gallium and vanadium ingredients are not allowed to be added into aluminum scrap returns.
In the alloying operation, adding waste materials and high-purity aluminum ingots, adding aluminum-silicon alloy and slagging off are sequentially carried out, wherein in the slagging off, after the materials are melted, the temperature reaches 720 ℃, argon is used for first refining, then standing is carried out for 15 minutes, and then slag is removed; after slagging off, controlling the melt temperature to be 720 plus 740 ℃ (not higher than 740 ℃) to add magnesium ingots, and starting electromagnetic stirring for 30 minutes after adding the magnesium ingots; then, sampling is carried out, wherein 3 samples are sampled at 1/2 of the melt depth at the left, middle and right 1/3 positions of the hearth of the smelting furnace. Feeding after sampling, namely: magnesium or silicon is added, and the supplementary material with the addition amount of less than 100Kg can be added in the flow tank; if the other materials are added at the furnace door when the amount of the added materials is more than 100Kg, the temperature of the added materials is controlled according to 730-740 ℃, and the samples can be taken again after stirring for 20 minutes after the added materials. And then checking the holding furnace and converting, specifically, emptying aluminum liquid and residues in the holding furnace before converting, baking the holding furnace in advance, and supplementing materials to the converting furnace at the same time. And then carrying out furnace refining treatment for 25 minutes, introducing argon for secondary refining, wherein the refining is thorough, no dead angle can be left, and a refining pipe extends to the bottom of the melt. And after refining, stirring, and standing for 20-30 minutes. And then sampling before casting, wherein 3 samples are sampled at 1/2 of the melt depth of the left, middle and right 1/3 parts of the hearth of the holding furnace. If the fine adjustment is not qualified, the fine adjustment is required to be carried out again from the refining treatment step in the furnace. Before casting, the temperature of the melt is controlled to 738 ℃ and the error is not more than 5 ℃.
In a casting operation, a pre-cast preparation is performed, the pre-cast preparation comprising: preparation of a launder: the bone meal protection is used at the degassing front section, the boron nitride protection is used at the degassing rear section, and the flow groove at the degassing rear section is cleaned by a dust collector, has no residue and no crack and is kept dry; a glass fiber filter bag is arranged at the outlet of the holding furnace; preparation of the degassing device: the vacuum state is normal, the temperature is normal, and the working life of the rotor is within 150 hours; preparation of the cast disks: preheating a casting disc, cleaning the casting disc by using a dust collector, and uniformly spraying boron nitride without residue, cracks and falling; all crystallizers of the casting disc are required to be detected to be qualified in advance, and a groove between the adapter plate and the graphite crystallization ring is required to be supplemented with graphite in advance; preparing a titanium boron wire feeding device: checking whether the wire feeder is normal, and pre-placing 5 circles of titanium boron wires in a chute before casting; preparation for plate filtration: the filter box is preheated to the use temperature, the box body is cleaned, and the filter plate is free from short circuit; preparation of the tube filtration: if the casting is carried out in the first furnace, the filter box and the filter pipe are baked in advance, the heat is preserved instead of the tubular filtration in the first furnace casting, and the flow port is blocked by using the collodion; preparation of each discharge port: each discharge port is blocked safely, and enough emergency blocking sleeves, blocking drill rods, fiber cotton plates and standby discharge boxes are arranged near the casting machine; preparation of the casting machine: aligning the casting platform, and opening cooling water; and process parameters are ready to be set, the specific design of which is seen in table 1. Table 1 is a list of process parameters for the casting operation.
TABLE 1
| Specification mm | Casting speed mm/min | Water amount T/h | Loading time s | Initial speed mm/min |
| 127 | 148 | 385-420 | 15 | 113 |
| 178 | 117 | 280-320 | 17 | 93 |
| 203 | 98 | 230-280 | 18 | 78 |
Casting is carried out after preparation before casting, and the temperature of the hot end of the manufacturing platform is not lower than 695 ℃ in the whole casting process and is controlled to be 700 +/-3 ℃; and controlling the degassing, namely: the hydrogen content is controlled to a maximum of not more than 0.17ml/100g Al using a normally operating SIR device. The heat preservation furnace can not be started to stir in the casting process, the flowing state of the liquid of the launder and the distribution plate can not be disturbed manually, the slag can not be fished, and the melt is controlled.
And (3) performing casting ending work after casting, and controlling the residual aluminum liquid, namely: and (4) discharging the molten aluminum in the filter box and the launder and marking, and discharging the molten aluminum in the furnace if the molten aluminum is not continuously produced into the same alloy.
In the homogenization operation, preparation work is firstly carried out, namely, the long ingot is soaked uniformly after being sawed, and a special material rack is used for loading materials; and checking whether the burner, the furnace door and the natural gas of the soaking pit are normal. Checking the operation of the soaking trolley to be normal; and confirming that the soaking material frame is not damaged and the soaking aluminum pad is not tilted. And confirming that the center of the soaking material frame is positioned at the center of the material placing table. And then the material placing quantity, the soaking process and the cooling process of the cast ingots with different specifications are designed in a targeted manner. The number of the cast ingots with different specifications, the soaking process and the cooling process are shown in the table 2. Table 2 is a list of ingot placement number, soaking process and cooling process for different specifications.
TABLE 2
Then, respectively taking an ingot mark 'verification/cold/hot' character in the ingot soaking hot area and the ingot soaking cold area of each furnace, unloading the ingot to the soaked area, marking a soaking batch number on the end of each ingot by using a steel character code, and then printing and pasting the two-dimensional code of the ingot. The end of the finished cast ingot is marked with a homogenized alloy mark and a two-dimensional code label marked by a red marking pen.
In the sawing operation, firstly, preparing before sawing, ensuring the normal operation of sawing machine equipment, adjusting the fixed length of a round ingot to be sawn, and setting the fixed length to +/-6 mm (short ingot to +/-3 mm); adjusting the steel seal number according to the heat and the brand of the round ingot to be sawn; and the head cutting is more than 400mm, and the tail cutting is more than 250 mm.
Then, an inspection is carried out, which includes inspection operations for surface quality and sizing, namely: the surface requirements are as follows: the surface (including the end face and the circumference) is clean and smooth, any end face and the circumference are strictly prevented from being polished, surface defects caused by casting and scars caused by operation are avoided, and rust marks, burrs, scratches, corrosion, oil stains, dust and other foreign substances are avoided; the maximum bending/deflection of the aluminum bar in the length direction is less than 1.5 mm/m; sawing end face verticality: 90.0 +/0.5; the surface should be clean: no dirt, no oil stain, no moisture, no surface treatment layer and other impurities which influence the quality, clear alloy mark identification and scale meeting the specification. The verification also includes verification operations on the intrinsic quality, namely: low power: equiaxed and uniform fine crystalline structure, and has no defects of feather-like crystal, crack, air hole and the like. The segregation layer is required to meet the requirements of clients; the sawing length of the two ends of the aluminum ingot should ensure that the aluminum rod is free from internal and external cracking or other defects harmful to the quality of the aluminum rod, and is free from loosening, cracking, inclusions (oxides, borides, etc.) and other foreign substances. The test also comprises a test operation on the sampling sheet, namely: the 2 slices of the batch alloy must be taken from two ingots at the cold and hot ends of the casting platform, respectively, and both from the lower end of the ingot and near the location where the ends are sawn off. The 4 slices of the first batch of samples are respectively taken from two ingots at the cold end and the hot end of the casting platform, and the upper end and the lower end of the ingots are sampled and are close to the position of the sawn end head. The test also comprises the step of sending samples to carry out high-power test operation, namely: and (4) drilling a high-power sample wafer, sending the high-power sample wafer to an assay room for metallographic phase, and detecting crystal grains, impurities and the like.
Then, marking is carried out, and the mark is clear (with a certain nick depth) and is marked at a position slightly deviated from the center of the aluminum bar. The height of the character is not less than 6.0mm, the label is easy to remove, and glue or residual labels cannot be left on the aluminum bar when the label is removed. And the label should be pasted on the strapping tape and can not be directly pasted on the aluminum bar.
And finally, storing to ensure that the placement is neat and safe, wherein the prepared 7-series aluminum alloy is a round ingot which is not suspended and does not exceed 10 layers.
Effect testing
1. The series 6 aluminum alloys obtained in examples one to eleventh were tested for vickers hardness, tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation, respectively. The specific test method can select the common test method for the Vickers hardness, the tensile strength, the yield strength and the elongation of the aluminum alloy in the prior art.
The results show that all of the 6-series aluminum alloys obtained in examples one to eleventh had a vickers hardness of 125HV or more; the tensile strength is more than 360 MPa; the yield strength is more than 330 MPa; the elongation is more than 13%.
2. Respectively carrying out anodic high-gloss oxidation on the conventional 6013-type aluminum alloy and the 6-series aluminum alloy obtained in the first to eleventh embodiments, testing and recording the glossiness and the pocking mark phenomenon after the anodic high-gloss oxidation, and respectively recording a metallographic graph of a precipitated phase after the anodic high-gloss oxidation, the oxidizing polishing and the polishing.
Specifically, a 6-series aluminum alloy product is used as an anode, and placed in an electrolyte such as sulfuric acid, and an anode voltage is applied to perform electrolysis. The metallographic graph of a precipitated phase of the conventional 6013-type aluminum alloy after being oxidized, ground and polished is shown in fig. 1, and the metallographic graph of a precipitated phase of the 6-series aluminum alloy of the embodiment of the invention after being oxidized, ground and polished is shown in fig. 2.
The results show that, in fig. 1, after the conventional 6013-type aluminum alloy is oxidized, ground and polished again, the number of precipitated phases is greater than 6, and a pocking mark phenomenon generally occurs, and in fig. 2, after the 6-series aluminum alloy of the embodiment of the present invention is oxidized, ground and polished again, the number of precipitated phases is greater than 0, that is, no obvious precipitated phases exist, and the precipitated phases are within 10 um. Meanwhile, compared with the existing 6013 type aluminum alloy, the 6 series aluminum alloy of the invention can produce a high-gloss product after anodic oxidation, grinding and polishing, and the glossiness of the product can reach more than 100.
In conclusion, the 6-series aluminum alloy provided by the invention has the advantages of obviously improving the mechanical property of the alloy and having high glossiness after the alloy is subjected to highlight oxidation.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to the related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A6-series aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 0.75-1.1% of magnesium, 0.01-0.02% of titanium, 0.06-0.13% of manganese, 0.5-0.593% of silicon, 0.55-0.7% of copper, 0.005-0.01% of strontium, 0.002-0.008% of zirconium, not more than 0.13% of iron, not more than 0.01% of zinc and not more than 0.01% of chromium, and the balance of aluminum; the mass ratio of the silicon to the magnesium is 1: 1.5; the 6-series aluminum alloy has a Vickers hardness of 125HV or more, a tensile strength of 360MPa or more, a yield strength of 330MPa or more, and an elongation of 13% or more.
2. The 6-series aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the content of silicon is 0.57 to 0.593%.
3. The 6-series aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein the copper is present in an amount of 0.55 to 0.59% or 0.60 to 0.63%.
4. The 6-series aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the content of manganese is 0.08 to 0.10%.
5. The 6-series aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the 6-series aluminum alloy has a total impurity element content of less than 0.10%, and the 6-series aluminum alloy has an individual impurity element content of not more than 0.05%.
6. A preparation method of 6 series aluminum alloy is characterized in that the 6 series aluminum alloy is obtained by sequentially carrying out the operations of material mixing, melting, slag skimming, alloying, casting, homogenizing annealing and saw cutting according to the composition of the 6 series aluminum alloy in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the temperature of the casting operation is higher than or equal to 695-705 ℃, and the content of hydrogen is controlled not to exceed 0.12ml/100gAl in the casting operation process; the heat preservation temperature of the homogenization operation is 535-.
7. The method for producing a 6-series aluminum alloy according to claim 6, wherein the temperature of the casting operation is 700 ± 3 ℃.
8. The method for preparing 6-series aluminum alloy according to claim 6, wherein the homogenizing operation comprises at least one air cooling and at least one water cooling, the air cooling time is 120-150 ℃, and the water cooling time is 30-40 min.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the alloying temperature is 720-740 ℃, the material is alloyed to form a melt, the temperature of the obtained melt is controlled to 738 ± 5 ℃, and then the casting operation is performed.
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| CN105296811A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2016-02-03 | 苏州有色金属研究院有限公司 | High-strength 6xxx aluminum alloy for mobile phone parts and machining method thereof |
| CN105838928A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2016-08-10 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | High strength aluminum alloy sheet |
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| EP2130669A1 (en) * | 2008-06-05 | 2009-12-09 | Novelis Inc. | Compound tubes |
| CN105838928A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2016-08-10 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | High strength aluminum alloy sheet |
| CN105296811A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2016-02-03 | 苏州有色金属研究院有限公司 | High-strength 6xxx aluminum alloy for mobile phone parts and machining method thereof |
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