CN108093728A

CN108093728A - The method that paddy methane discharges after reduction wheat stalk returning

Info

Publication number: CN108093728A
Application number: CN201711329727.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张岳芳; 孙国峰; 王子臣; 刘红江; 郭智; 陈留根; 郑建初
Original assignee: Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2017-12-13
Filing date: 2017-12-13
Publication date: 2018-06-01

Abstract

The invention discloses the methods that paddy methane after a kind of reduction wheat stalk returning discharges, and comprise the following steps：1）Native, 8~10 centimetres of the tilling depth by the shallow screw-in of wheat stalk and rice basal fertilizer, wherein, the N applied of base manure is the 20% of nitrogen application total amount；2）After rice transplanting an irrigation canals and ditches are opened up at interval of 16 rows, 15 20 centimetres of furrow width, 18 20 centimetres of ditch depth, meanwhile, in rice field, surrounding, which is opened, encloses ditch, encloses 15 20 centimetres of furrow width, 18 20 centimetres deep；3）It pours water after rice transplanting work when soil water potential is 7~3KPa, water irrigating depth is 2 3cm, before harvest until 15 days, during paddy growth, tillering fertilizer and ear manuer are imposed, has both handled wheat stalk, rice high yield is realized again, while also reduces rice season greenhouse gases CH₄Generation and discharge.

Description

The method that paddy methane discharges after reduction wheat stalk returning

Technical field

The present invention relates to the methods that paddy methane after a kind of reduction wheat stalk returning discharges.

Background technology

Paddy soil is greenhouse gases（CH4）One of important sources.China is second largest Rice Cropping state in the world Family, Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area account for the 27% of world's cultivated area so that and the discharge of China rice field greenhouse gases is widely paid close attention to, How the mechanism of action of decontrol greenhouse gas emission and its generation environment, ecology and global climate change study field into Substantial amounts of research is gone.

At present, crop straw burning becomes a big reason of pollution environment, therefore, the big compression ring brought in order to avoid crop straw burning Border is polluted, and straw-returning becomes most effective disposal means after crop harvest, but straw-returning mode difference is to paddy methane The influence of discharge is different.Bossio etc. supervises the rice field greenhouse gas emission after California State, USA straw-returning It surveys, the results showed that, CH under straw-returning₄Emission flux is 4.2-5.4 times of crop straw burning processing, and after straw-returning under soil Drop is the major reason that CH4 discharge capacitys is caused to rise, and Ma etc. supervises the straw-returning CH4 discharge capacitys of rice wheat rotation system Survey, the results showed that rice season wheat straw returning compared to not returning to the field can increase CH₄3-11 times of discharge.

Therefore, paddy methane emission reduction is of great significance after which kind of mode realizing straw-returning using.

The content of the invention

The present invention provides the methods that paddy methane after a kind of reduction wheat stalk returning discharges, and have both handled Wheat Straw Stalk, and realize rice high yield and reduce rice season greenhouse gases CH₄Generation and discharge.

To solve the above-mentioned problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is such a kind of reduction wheat stalk returning The method of paddy methane discharge afterwards, comprises the following steps：

1）Native, 8~10 centimetres of the tilling depth by the shallow screw-in of wheat stalk and rice basal fertilizer, wherein, the N applied of base manure is total for nitrogen application 20% w/w of amount；

2）After rice transplanting an irrigation canals and ditches are opened up at interval of 16 rows, 15-20 centimetres of furrow width, 18-20 centimetres of ditch depth, meanwhile, in rice Field surrounding, which is opened, encloses ditch, encloses 15-20 centimetres of furrow width, 18-20 centimetres of depth；

3）It pours water after rice transplanting work when soil water potential is -7~-3KPa, water irrigating depth 2-3cm, 15 before harvest Until it, during paddy growth, tillering fertilizer and ear manuer are imposed, the wherein N applied of tillering fertilizer is the 50% of nitrogen application total amount W/w, the N applied of ear manuer are 30% w/w of nitrogen application total amount, and nitrogen application total amount is 16~18kg/ mus.

In order to obtain rice high yield while rice emission reduction is realized, it is preferable that using 8 row, 25 centimetres of line-spacing rice transplanters, The seeding row spacing of machine-transplanted rice is 11 × 25 cm, per 4~5 plants of cave.

The tillering fertilizer 5-7 days and imposes for 12-14 days respectively after rice transplanting, and mu nitrogen dressing is nitrogen application total amount 30%w/w and 20%w/w.

Ear manuer fixed length between rice basal part of stem first segment imposes.

Advantageous effect：

1st, the present invention by straw-returning in thin solum, beneficial to stalk under the conditions of relatively aerobic quick decomposition, so as to reduce Methane generates；

2nd, the method that the present invention is ditched using field and field surrounding, can reduce field water level Quick uniform, and it is aerobic to increase stalk Decomposition reduces influence of the straw anaerobic decomposition intermediate product to paddy growth, and then reduces methane and generate discharge, improve rice production Amount；

3rd, the water management pattern and dose and mode that the present invention uses, on the premise of rice high yield is realized, utmostly Realization methane emission reduction.

Specific embodiment

In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, the embodiment It is only used for explaining the present invention, be not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..

Field trial carries out in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province village.

Embodiment 1

Paddy rice planting method is in experimental plot：

1）By the shallow screw-in soil of wheat stalk and rice basal fertilizer, 8~10 centimetres of tilling depth, base manure Mu Shi composite fertilizers (wherein N, P₂O₅、K₂O Mass ratio be 15%）22.5kg；

2）After site preparation, transplanting operation is carried out using 8 row, 25 centimetres of line-spacing rice transplanters, wherein machine-transplanted rice seeding row spacing is 11 × 25 Cm, per 4~5 plants of cave；

3）After rice transplanting a bar ditch are opened every 16 rows, it is 15-20 centimetres of field furrow width, 18-20 centimetres deep, while in rice field surrounding It opens and encloses ditch, enclose 15-20 centimetres of furrow width, 18-20 centimetres of depth；

4）It pours water after rice transplanting work when soil water potential is -7~-3KPa, water irrigating depth 2-4cm, 15 before harvest Until it, wherein, 5-7 days and tillering fertilizer is imposed within 12-14 days respectively, mu chases after urea 11kg and 7.5kg, in rice stem foot after rice transplanting Portion's the first internode fixed length imposes ear manuer, and mu chases after urea 11kg.

Comparative example 1

It is same as Example 1 to compare paddy rice planting method in field 1, the difference is that 18~20 centimetres of wheat stalk tilling depth.

Experimental plot discharge of methane reduces more than 10% than control field 1 after measured, and experimental plot rice yield is than control field per acre Increase by 5 kgs/acre.

Comparative example 2

It is same as Example 1 to compare paddy rice planting method in field 2, the difference is that field is not ditched.

Experimental plot discharge of methane reduces more than 15% than control field after measured, and experimental plot wheat yield increases per acre than control field Add 23 kgs/acre.

Comparative example 3

It is same as Example 1 to compare paddy rice planting method in field 3, the difference is that water management pattern is using conventional high yield management Using shallow irrigation after the work of pattern, i.e. rice, 3~5 centimetres of the depth of water, mid-term put field, the pattern of later stage alternation of wetting and drying.

Experimental plot discharge of methane reduces more than 20% than control field 1 after measured, and experimental plot rice yield increases per acre than control field Add 12 kgs/acre.

Comparative example 4

Paddy rice planting method is same as Example 1 in control field 4, and the different high-yield fertilization patterns using routine, i.e. nitrogenous fertilizer is applied 22kg/ mus of dosage, base manure:Tillering fertilizer:Ear manuer applies N mass ratioes as 2:4:4.

Experimental plot and control field discharge of methane indifference, experimental plot rice yield increase by 17 public affairs per acre than control field after measured Pound/acre.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention With within principle, any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements are made should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.

Claims

1. reduce the method that paddy methane after wheat stalk returning discharges, which is characterized in that comprise the following steps：

1）Native, 8~10 centimetres of the tilling depth by the shallow screw-in of wheat stalk and rice basal fertilizer, wherein, the N applied of base manure is total for nitrogen application The 20%w/w of amount；

3）It pours water after rice transplanting work when soil water potential is -7~-3KPa, water irrigating depth 2-3cm, 15 before harvest Until it, during paddy growth, tillering fertilizer and ear manuer are imposed, the wherein N applied of tillering fertilizer is the 50%w/ of nitrogen application total amount W, the N applied of ear manuer are the 30%w/w of nitrogen application total amount, and nitrogen application total amount is 16~18kg/ mus.

2. the method that paddy methane discharges after reduction wheat stalk returning according to claim 1, which is characterized in that rice Transplanting is using transplanting, and using 8 row, 25 centimetres of line-spacing rice transplanters, the seeding row spacing of machine-transplanted rice is 11 × 25 cm, per cave 4~5 Strain.

3. the method that paddy methane discharges after reduction wheat stalk returning according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Tillering fertilizer 5-7 days and imposed respectively for 12-14 days after rice transplanting, mu nitrogen dressing for nitrogen application total amount 30%w/w and 20%w/ w。

4. the method that paddy methane discharges after reduction wheat stalk returning according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Ear manuer between rice basal part of stem first segment fixed length impose.