CN108090693A - The structure of the Optimum Regulation model of the photosynthetic desired value of facility of fusion efficiencies constraint and application - Google Patents
The structure of the Optimum Regulation model of the photosynthetic desired value of facility of fusion efficiencies constraint and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention couples photosynthetic desired value model for the problem that the multiple-factor that facilities environment regulator control system lacks fusion regulation and control efficiency, causes production efficiency low, studies the photosynthetic desired value regulation-control model construction method of facility of fusion efficiencies.Pass through intensity of illumination, environment temperature and CO2Concentration obtains the photosynthetic data sample of pumpkin seedling for the multiple-factor coupled nesting experiment of variable, construct photoresponse equilateral hyperbola correction model, upper limit light intensity point is limited using the theoretical light obtained under different specific temperatures of curvature of curve, the pumpkin seedling luminous environment regulation-control model of the fusion efficiencies constraint under being fitted to obtain different temperatures accordingly in this, as goal of regulation and control value.The model is compared with model of the tradition using photosynthetic rate maximum of points as goal of regulation and control value, photosynthetic rate is average only to decline 4.48%, and light requirement then averagely declines 29.91%, it can solve the problems, such as the basic theory of protected crop environment high efficiency regulatory, have directive significance to actual facilities environment cytokine regulatory.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to reading intelligent agriculture technical field, more particularly to a kind of photosynthetic desired value of facility of fusion efficiencies constraint
The structure of Optimum Regulation model and application.
Background technology
Industrialized agriculture is to provide optimum environment and condition for crop growth each stage, obtains good quality and high output agricultural product
Modern agriculture business activities, by the end of 2014, China's facility gross area is more than global 85%, up to 410.9 ten thousand hectares, production
800,000,000,000 yuan of value or more, the gross area and total output occupy first, the whole world.But the industrialized agriculture starting in China is being set than later
Applying the countries such as luminous environment intelligent control methods and techniques aspect and the U.S., Britain, Holland, also there is a big difference, so state in recent years
Interior correlation scholar has done numerous studies in this respect.Illumination is to determine the yield of crop as the main factor of photosynthesis is influenced
With the key of quality.Since greenhouse is hidden be subject to obliquity structure, covering material, sun altitude and clean surface degree
The influences such as light, photon flux density are only the 30%-70% in crop field.Photon flux density is difficult to the life for meeting crop in greenhouse
Long demand causes the reduction of various physiological parameters of the facility including plant Net Photosynthetic Rate, will cause growth retardation,
Fruit-setting rate reduces, and can seriously affect the yield and quality of agricultural product, thus builds the luminous environment for being conducive to plant growth, is to realize
The major issue that facility high-efficiency high-quality produces, quickening industry synergy upgrading and transition and upgrade are urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Correlative study shows in addition to intensity of illumination, and it is influence photosynthetic rate main that the factors such as environment temperature, which are also,
Factor, and be at different conditions dynamic change to the influence degree of photosynthetic rate between the different factors.Existing crop is artificial
Light filling technology realizes the regulation and control to facility luminous environment by threshold value mostly, does not account for shadow of the Multi-environment factor to light saturation point
It rings, although it is ineffective to improve photosynthesis high efficiency regulatory；On this basis, this research team proposes multiple-factor fusion
Luminous environment regulates and controls method, by merging multi-environment factor to photosynthetic influence, constructs light saturation point dynamic acquisition method,
The Optimum Regulation on demand of luminous environment is realized to a certain degree.But further analysis crop photoresponse curve can be found that light by
It is cumulative it is strong during plant experienced the process that Rubisco limitations are restricted to from BuBP, wherein rapid increase partial straight lines
Slope is exactly the quantum efficiency of photosynthetic carbon assimilation, represents that photosynthesis is limited by electron transport rate, RuBP carboxylation abilities, electricity
Sub- transfer rate is limited again by photon flux density, just influences the principal element of the part, this partial trace is referred to as light
Restricted part；And curve is slowly converted after reaching saturation state, the effect of enzyme can not be with light reaction in Calvin-Benson cycle
The generation of ATP and NADPH is harmonious in journey, and carboxylation ability of enzyme etc. becomes main limiting factor, and temperature is as influence
An important factor for Rubisco activated enzyme activities etc., also replace light to become the principal element for limiting the stage photosynthetic rate.And light
Saturation point appears in the gradual first transition of curve, and light has not been the principal element for influencing photosynthetic rate variation, but above-mentioned grinds
Main method is studied carefully using light saturation point light filling, does not account for limiting upper limit light intensity point as goal of regulation and control value using light, although can be with
Reach maximum photosynthesis rate, but due to the great decline of the efficiency of light energy utilization, light filling efficiency is caused to significantly reduce.
The content of the invention
The shortcomings that in order to overcome the above-mentioned prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of facilities of fusion efficiencies constraint
The structure of the Optimum Regulation model of photosynthetic desired value and application limit upper limit light intensity point as light goal of regulation and control value using light, are limited from light
Upper limit light intensity point acquisition methods processed are started with, by analyzing crop photosynthesis mechanism and the Major environment impacts factor, devise with
Intensity of illumination, environment temperature and CO2Concentration is the multiple-factor coupled nesting experiment of experiment variable, utilizes the photosynthetic speed of Li-6400XT
Rate instrument obtains the photosynthetic data sample of pumpkin seedling；Analyze the influence of intensity of illumination, environment temperature to crop photosynthesis rate, structure
Photoresponse equilateral hyperbola correction model is built；Upper limit light intensity is limited using the theoretical light obtained under specific temperature of curvature of curve
Point builds the crop seedling luminous environment regulation-control model under temperature restraint in this, as goal of regulation and control value.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of construction method of the Optimum Regulation model of the photosynthetic desired value of facility of fusion efficiencies constraint, including walking as follows
Suddenly：
The photosynthetic data sample of crop seedling is obtained, analyzes the influence of intensity of illumination, environment temperature to crop photosynthesis rate,
Build photoresponse equilateral hyperbola correction model；
Utilize the theoretical curvature maximum obtained under different temperatures on photoresponse curve of curvature of curve, the corresponding light quantity of the value
Sub- flux is the light limitation upper limit light intensity point under relevant temperature, builds the fusion efficiencies constraint under different temperatures on this basis
The photosynthetic desired value regulation-control model of facility.
Using matlab to the photoresponse model regression fit under different temperatures, photochemistry rate, Xanthophyll cycle item, light are satisfied
Photoresponse equilateral hyperbola correction model formula is brought into item and Dark respiration rate obtains photoresponse side under different temperatures
Journey, the photoresponse equilateral hyperbola correction model formula are as follows：
Wherein, PnRepresenting Net Photosynthetic Rate, α represents photochemistry rate, and I represents pharosage, and β represents Xanthophyll cycle item,
γ represents light saturation item, RdRepresent Dark respiration rate.
The process for obtaining point of maximum curvature on photoresponse curve is as follows：
Data are fitted first with the photoresponse equilateral hyperbola correction model, obtain a photoresponse curve,
And it is normalized；
Photoresponse function is defined as sign function, seeks the curvature of curve of photoresponse function after normalization, is calculated using heredity
Method to photoresponse function curvature carry out optimizing, obtain the maximum of points of curvature, on this basis after renormalization curvature maximum
It is light limitation upper limit light intensity point to be worth corresponding illumination spot.
To photoresponse curve normalized under the specific temperature, generation photoresponse function Pn'(I), the normalizing
Change method is linear transformation, Logarithm conversion or arc cotangent are converted.
Curvature acquisition is carried out to photoresponse function under normalized specific temperature, formula is as follows：
Wherein, K represent photoresponse function curvature function, (Pn'(I)) " represent photoresponse function second dervative function,
(Pn'(I)) ' represent photoresponse function first derivative function.
Optimizing is carried out to photoresponse function curvature curve using genetic algorithm, obtains the maximum of points of curvature, it is basic herein
The corresponding illumination spot of the maximum of curvature is light limitation upper limit light intensity point after upper renormalization.
On the basis of obtaining all light limitation upper limit light intensity points, it is because becoming to limit upper limit light intensity as independent variable, light using temperature
Amount, fitting obtain the luminous environment goal of regulation and control value model under different temperatures.
This model can automatically generate the Xanthophyll cycle upper limit under different temperature environments under conditions of temperature is merely entered
Light intensity.Therefore, after this model adds in luminous environment regulator control system, model can complete the real-time automatic calculating of Xanthophyll cycle upper limit light intensity,
The high efficiency regulatory of luminous environment is realized in this, as light goal of regulation and control value.Compared with prior art, the present invention is proposed based on curvature
Theoretical makees object light limitation upper limit light intensity point acquisition methods.It is real according to the photosynthetic rate coupling nested with intensity of illumination of crop temperature
It tests as a result, being fitted photoresponse equilateral hyperbola correction model, introducing curvature concept realizes light by calculating curvature maximum point
The acquisition of upper limit light intensity point is limited, and luminous environment goal of regulation and control value model is constructed with this, compared to using light saturation point as tune
Control desired value point high degree improves regulation and control efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the photosynthetic desired value regulation-control model algorithm flow chart of present invention structure fusion efficiencies constraint.
Fig. 2 is curvature maximum optimizing algorithm flow chart of the present invention structure based on genetic algorithm.
Fig. 3 is that the present invention obtains maximum curvature procedure chart.
Fig. 4 is the fusion efficiencies constraint luminous environment Optimum Regulation desired value illustraton of model that the present invention is built.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment that the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A kind of building process of the photosynthetic desired value regulation-control model of facility of fusion efficiencies constraint of the present invention is as follows：
1st, plan design
This experiment is carried out in May, -2017 in April, 2017 in Xibei Univ. of Agricultural ＆ Forest Science ＆ Technology's agricultural machinery laboratory.Muskmelon Seedlings
It is positioned in the MD1400 incubators of Dutch Sinder companies production and is cultivated, the light source in incubator is by red and blueness
Lamp bead forms, and environment temperature is set to 25 DEG C, and relative humidity is set to 60%, CO2Concentration is set to 400 μm of ol/mol, and the photoperiod is set to
14 hours, incubator have built suitable growing environment for Muskmelon Seedlings.During experiment, crop seedling is carried out normal
Cultivation management.
For trial crops Muskmelon Seedlings, based on the influence of varying environment factor pair photosynthetic rate, U.S. LI-COR is used
The portable photosynthetic speedometers of Li-6800XT of company's production measure, and experiment sets external environment variable to include photon flux
Density, leaf temperature etc. design the nested experiment of each envirment factor under the environmental condition of suitable for crop growth.Wherein photon flux
Density is 0 μm of ol/m2S, 50 μm of ol/m2S, 100 μm of ol/m2S, 200 μm of ol/m2S, 300 μm of ol/m2S, 500 μm of ol/m2S, 700 μ
mol/m2S, 900 μm of ol/m2S, 1100 μm of ol/m2S, 1300 μm of ol/m2S, 1700 μm of ol/m2S, 2000 μm of ol/m212 ladders such as s
Degree, 14 DEG C of temperature setting, 18 DEG C, 22 DEG C, 26 DEG C, 30 DEG C, 34 DEG C, 7 gradients such as 38 DEG C.According to the model for setting each factor above
It encloses and step-length, to reduce the contingency of test data, every group of experiment Nested conditions are repeated three times progress.Based on above experiment side
Case measures photosynthetic rate of the Muskmelon Seedlings under different photon flux densities, leaf temperature, to build photosynthetic rate prediction model
Data are provided to support.
2nd, the structure of photosynthetic desired value regulation-control model
This model obtains the photosynthetic data sample of pumpkin seedling using Li-6400XT photosynthetic rate instrument；It is strong to analyze illumination
Degree, influence of the environment temperature to crop photosynthesis rate, construct photoresponse equilateral hyperbola correction model；It is managed using curvature of curve
Upper limit light intensity point is limited by the light obtained under specific temperature, the fusion efficiencies constraint under building different temperatures on this basis accordingly
The photosynthetic desired value regulation-control model of facility, flow chart is as shown in Figure 1.
2.1st, photoresponse model construction
Charles-Edwards Photosynthesis Models have taken into full account the influence of light respiration, dark respiration and oxygen effect, pass through structure
It builds CO2Concentration from cell inner air gap to mesophyll tissue in photosynthesis position diffusion process with simplify biochemical reaction
The association of system constructs the mathematical model comprising multiple physiological parameters, relation complexity, as shown in formula (1).
Pn 2rd-Pn[αI(rx+rd)+C-Rrd]+αIC-R(αIrx+ C)=0 (1)
In formula：PnRepresenting Net Photosynthetic Rate, α represents photochemistry rate, and I represents pharosage, and β represents Xanthophyll cycle item,
γ represents light saturation item, rdRepresent diffusional resistance；α represents photochemistry rate；rxRepresent carboxylation resistance, C represents environment CO2Concentration,
R represents constant respiratory rate.The model reflects accumulation and the assigning process of photosynthate, is moved to completing crop photosynthesis rate
State emulates, and crop yield and quality-improving is promoted to be of great significance, but there are the problem of physiological parameter is more, model is complicated.For
Simplified model proposes right angle hyperbolic model, on-right angle hyperbolic model, exponential relationship model and modified index model etc. successively
Photosynthetic rate model, model formation is respectively such as (2), (3), (4), (5).
Equilateral hyperbola model：
On-right angle hyperbolic model：
Exponential model：
Equilateral hyperbola correction model：
In formula：K represents convexity, PmaxRepresent maximum photosynthesis rate, RdRepresent Dark respiration rate.Based on experimental data, utilize
Above-mentioned model, which carries out nonlinear regression, can estimate model parameter, and complete value range limitation according to biological significance, so as to
The structure of implementation model.But since the difference of model itself is in processing Xanthophyll cycle type (strong Xanthophyll cycle), (the dim light suppression of light saturation type
System), fitting precision difference is apparent when different types of photoresponse curve for unsaturated type (saturation convergence), and equilateral hyperbola is repaiied
The versatility of its model of positive model is relatively more preferable, therefore the present invention builds photosynthetic respective mode using equilateral hyperbola correction model
Type.
The expression formula of equilateral hyperbola correction model according to formula (5) above is using matlab under different temperatures
Photoresponse model regression fit, fitting result is as shown in table 1, from table root-mean-square error and the goodness of fit analysis it can be found that
This models fitting works well.It is brought into using initial slope, Xanthophyll cycle item, light saturation item and the Dark respiration rate in formula following table
Formula (5) can obtain the photoresponse equation under different temperatures.
1 equilateral hyperbola correction model parameter list of table.
2.2nd, the photosynthetic desired value regulation-control model of facility of fusion efficiencies constraint
Tangent line turns over the limit of angular dimension in curvature of curve expression unit segmental arc, is for describing curved degree
Parameter, curvature is bigger, shows that curve is also bigger in the bending degree of the point, in understanding process, inverse-curvature half of curvature
Footpath may may be understood more readily, and radius of curvature was exactly that inscribed circle is a little done on curve, and the radius of the circle is exactly the point on curve
Radius of curvature, the curvature of the point is smaller, and radius of curvature is bigger, shows that curve is smaller in the bending degree of the point, calculates public
Shown in formula such as formula (6).
Wherein, K represents bent curvature of a curve, and the single order that y ' and y " represent curve respectively is led and led with second order.
And in the such curve being of practical significance of photoresponse curve that the present invention studies, the bending journey of photoresponse curve
Degree represents and is meant that influence of the intensity of illumination to Net Photosynthetic Rate, according to the concept and meaning of above-mentioned curvature, photoresponse curve
Point of maximum curvature just represent the inflection point that light intensity influences Net Photosynthetic Rate, from be affected become influence it is no longer so bright
It is aobvious, that is, light limitation upper limit light intensity point has been corresponded to, so how bent to photoresponse using bent curvature of a curve next will introduce
Line carries out light limitation upper limit light intensity point and obtains.
Its process is fitted data using photoresponse equilateral hyperbola correction model, obtains a photoresponse curve
Afterwards, it is normalized first, because the dimension disunity of photosynthetic rate and intensity of illumination, concentration etc., in order to prevent
Different magnitude of numerical value influences each other, and the phenomenon that " big value eat small value " occurs, the various regressing calculations of progress, matrix operation and
During neural metwork training, data with existing will be normalized first.Common data normalization method is linear turn main
It changes, the conversion of Logarithm conversion and arc cotangent, the present invention uses linear function transformation, shown in linear normalization principle such as formula (7)：
Y=(ymax-ymin)*(x-xmin)/(xmax-xmin)+ymin (7)
In formula：xmax、xminThe maximum and minimum value of data, y before respectively normalizingmax、yminBefore respectively normalizing
The upper and lower bound of data, x, y are respectively the data before normalizing and after normalization.
Secondly, curvature estimation is carried out on the basis of normalized photoresponse model is completed.It is asked since curvature needs being asked to use
It leads, only symbolic variable can carry out derivation operations, so photoresponse function is defined as sign function by the present invention middle, utilize
Formula (8) seeks the curvature of photoresponse function after normalization, and formula (8) is as follows：
Wherein, K represent photoresponse function curvature function, (Pn'(I)) " represent photoresponse function second dervative function,
(Pn'(I)) ' represent photoresponse function first derivative function.
Again, using the curvature of photoresponse function under different illumination as fitness value, the curvature based on genetic algorithm is established
Maximum of points optimizing, by repeatedly selecting, intersecting and mutation operation obtains maximum curvature value and corresponding normalization illumination spot,
The corresponding illumination spot of the maximum of curvature is that light limits upper limit light intensity point, flow chart such as Fig. 2 after renormalization on the basis of this
It is shown.
The light limitation upper limit light intensity point under different temperatures is obtained using the above method, wherein the light limitation under the conditions of 14 DEG C
Upper limit light intensity point acquisition process is as shown in Figure 3.According to test data and the above process, the upper limit is limited by independent variable, light of temperature
Light intensity is dependent variable, and fitting obtains luminous environment goal of regulation and control value under different temperatures as shown in figure 3, its model of fit such as formula (9)
It is shown.
PFD=-0.014 × T4+1.37×T3-46.85×T2+752.42×T-3932.77 (9)
The model can obtain the luminous environment goal of regulation and control that fusion efficiencies constrain under arbitrary temp in 14 DEG C of -38 DEG C of temperature ranges
Value, the coefficient of determination 0.995 show that model has fine fitting effect.
3rd, energy-saving effect discussion
In order to further verify the regulating effect of this method, new method is obtained with conventional method in the present invention luminous environment tune
Control desired value is compared, and comparing result is as shown in table 2.
2 two methods photosynthetic rate desired value point of table and photosynthetic rate maximum point contrast table
It can be found that although the decline degree of light filling amount is different under different temperatures, on the whole, under light filling amount from table
The reduction degree of drop degree and photosynthetic rate is much bigger.Maximum intensity of illumination is made under the light restrictive condition obtained using this method
For desired value, compared in the method for traditional light saturation point desired value, photosynthetic rate is average only to reduce 4.48%, and its light requirement
Amount then averagely declines 29.91%, and the protected crop luminous environment regulation-control model for illustrating to be built warm optical coupling using this method is efficiently saved
Can the characteristics of, provide fundamental basis and technical support for the efficient control accurate of protected crop luminous environment.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. construction method of the Optimum Regulation model of the photosynthetic desired value of facility of fusion efficiencies constraint, which is characterized in that bag Include following steps：Obtain the photosynthetic data sample of crop seedling, the influence of analysis intensity of illumination, environment temperature to crop photosynthesis rate, structure Photoresponse equilateral hyperbola correction model；Using the theoretical curvature maximum obtained under different temperatures on photoresponse curve of curvature of curve, the corresponding light quantum of the value leads to Amount is the light limitation upper limit light intensity point under relevant temperature, builds setting for the fusion efficiencies constraint under different temperatures on this basis Apply photosynthetic desired value regulation-control model.
- 2. the construction method of the Optimum Regulation model of the photosynthetic desired value of facility of fusion efficiencies constraint according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, using matlab to the photoresponse model regression fit under different temperatures, by photochemistry rate, Xanthophyll cycle item, Light saturation item and Dark respiration rate are brought the light that photoresponse equilateral hyperbola correction model formula is obtained under different temperatures into and are rung Equation is answered, the photoresponse equilateral hyperbola correction model formula is as follows：<mrow> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>&alpha;</mi> <mi>I</mi> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>I</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>&beta;</mi> <mi>I</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>I</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mi>I</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mi>d</mi> </msub> </mrow>Wherein, PnRepresent Net Photosynthetic Rate, α represents photochemistry rate, and I represents pharosage, and β represents Xanthophyll cycle item, and γ is represented Light saturation item, RdRepresent Dark respiration rate.
- 3. the construction method of the Optimum Regulation model of the photosynthetic desired value of facility of fusion efficiencies constraint according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, the process for obtaining point of maximum curvature on photoresponse curve is as follows：Data are fitted first with the photoresponse equilateral hyperbola correction model, obtain a photoresponse curve, and it is right It is normalized；Photoresponse function is defined as sign function, the curvature of curve of photoresponse function after normalization is sought, utilizes genetic algorithm pair Photoresponse function curvature carry out optimizing, obtain the maximum of points of curvature, on this basis after renormalization curvature maximum pair The illumination spot answered is light limitation upper limit light intensity point.
- 4. the construction method of the Optimum Regulation model of the photosynthetic desired value of facility of fusion efficiencies constraint according to claim 3, It is characterized in that, to photoresponse curve normalized under specific temperature, generation photoresponse function Pn'(I), the normalization side Method is linear transformation, Logarithm conversion or arc cotangent are converted.
- 5. the construction method of the Optimum Regulation model of the photosynthetic desired value of facility of fusion efficiencies constraint according to claim 4, It is characterized in that, carrying out curvature acquisition to photoresponse function under normalized specific temperature, formula is as follows：<mrow> <mi>K</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo>|</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msup> <mi>Pn</mi> <mo>&prime;</mo> </msup> <mo>(</mo> <mi>I</mi> <mo>)</mo> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>&prime;</mo> <mo>&prime;</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>|</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msup> <mi>Pn</mi> <mo>&prime;</mo> </msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>I</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&prime;</mo> </msup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mo>/</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow>Wherein, K represent photoresponse function curvature function, (Pn'(I)) " represent photoresponse function second dervative function, (Pn' (I)) ' represent photoresponse function first derivative function.
- 6. the construction method of the Optimum Regulation model of the photosynthetic desired value of facility of fusion efficiencies constraint according to claim 3, It is characterized in that, carrying out optimizing to photoresponse function curvature curve using genetic algorithm, the maximum of points of curvature is obtained, in this base The corresponding illumination spot of the maximum of curvature is light limitation upper limit light intensity point after renormalization on plinth.
- 7. the construction method of the Optimum Regulation model of the photosynthetic desired value of facility of fusion efficiencies constraint according to claim 3, It is characterized in that, on the basis of obtaining all light limitation upper limit light intensity points, using temperature as independent variable, light limit upper limit light intensity be because Variable, fitting obtain the luminous environment goal of regulation and control value model under different temperatures.
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