CN108085008A - Hardened reclamation of salinep-alkali soil material and modification method based on structure local microenvironment - Google Patents
Hardened reclamation of salinep-alkali soil material and modification method based on structure local microenvironment Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
The purpose of the present invention is to solve be particularly problem present in the modification method of hardened type saline-alkali soil to saline-alkali soil in the prior art, a kind of hardened reclamation of salinep-alkali soil material and modification method based on structure local microenvironment are provided, belongs to reclamation of salinep-alkali soil technical field.This method in hardened serious saline-alkali soil by building local microenvironment, hardened serious saline-alkali soil region is centered on subenvironment material, generate class " fertile island effect ", so as to improve root system of plant or seed surrounding soil structure and growing environment, seed germination rate, planting percent and yield are improved, and reduces soil salt content.And the improved materials can improve the quality of saline-alkali soil, realize the long-time stability of saline-alkali soil quality improvement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to reclamation of salinep-alkali soil technical fields, and in particular to a kind of based on the hardened saline and alkaline of structure local microenvironment
Native improved materials and modification method.
Background technology
Saline-alkali soil is solonchak and alkaline earth and the general name of various salinization and alkali soil.Wherein, solonchak refers to containing largely may be used
Dissolubility salt and prevent most plants salt content be typically up to more than 0.6% from the soil that grows；Alkaline earth refers to Sodium by substitution
The percentage of ionic cation replacement amount（ESP）Strong basicity soil more than 20%.The physics and chemical property of salinized soil all compared with
Difference is mainly shown as that salinity or basicity are excessively high, causes root system of plant water shortage or is poisoned, and the soil texture glues weight, aggregate
Less, soil hardening when arid is totally unfavorable to agricultural production.
In the prior art, administered frequently with engineering water conservancy measure or chemical modifying measure.Currently used engineering
Water resources industry include level land, drainage trenching canal, plough, rotary tillage, soaked field, build salt discharge pipeline and salt discharge hole etc., such as CN
The method in 103621209A improvement improvement salt-soda soil, CN 204810883U salt discharge alkali pipe, CN101347790A improvement are saline and alkaline
Ground ground method, CN 202587801U salt-soda soils salt discharge alkali pipe, 1051651 67A method for desalting salinized soil of CN, CN
102349371A Saline-Sodics paddy field quick desalination alkali ploughs method of soil preparation, CN 204968401U salt-soda soil salt discharge alkali hidden pipe, CN
A kind of coastal alkaline land cotton desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching row alkali device of the salt discharge alkali mechanism in 203791335U salt-soda soils, CN 204733557U, CN
This kind of method such as 104054425 A alkaline land improvings systems and modification method is mainly reduced using gutter drainage or vertical drainage
Water level reduces saline and alkaline rising, is improved by irrigating desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching alkali etc. or will be saline and alkaline by being laid with salt discharge pipeline and salt discharge hole
The salinity on ground is gone out by salt discharge hole and salt discharging pipe outside field, achievees the purpose that finally to reduce soil alkaline, improvement soil.Also by
Structure is improved every salt deposit, e.g., heavy salinized ground administering method, 102232328 A of CN in 104115586 A one kind of CN
A kind of implantation methods, 105393666 A saline and alkali land improvement methods of CN, the CN of the method and salt-soda soil for improveing salt-soda soil
A kind of methods in rebuilding and improving salt-soda soil of 1759943 A, 105165167 A method for desalting salinized soil of CN, CN
102550159A salt-soda soils suppression control salt method and salt-soda soil suppression control salt system etc., this kind of method is usually in salt-soda soil certain depth
In the range of structure every salt deposit（Clinker, quartz sand etc.）, grouting or set gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer（Quartz sand, slag, haydite or
Glass is micro- etc.）The methods of prevent underground water move up so that underground water can not carry a large amount of salt and enter most crops root system
Growth district so as to long-term cropping, while so that salt-soda soil is gradually improved.
It is a kind of method being widely used at present using modifying agent improvement, as 102936503 A of CN contain iron tailings
Soil ventilation improvement synergist and preparation method thereof, a kind of anti-accumulation of salt in the surface soil alkaline agents prepared using iron tailings of 102936502 A of CN
And its application in salt-soda soil, a kind of saline alkali soil conditioners of 10,627 8522 A of CN, CN101624523A one kind are saline and alkaline
Soil conditioner, a kind of salt-soda soil fertilizers of 102775250 A of CN, 106220415 A of CN are a kind of to be improved for salt affected soil
Functional water-soluble fertilizer and its application, 103922846 A saline and alkali land improvement methods of CN, 106146198 A salt resistance alkali of CN
Organic fertilizer, 102517030 A alkaline land modifying agents of CN, CN101481281A comprehensive treatment agent for soda alkaline land and its make
With method, a kind of methods for improveing salt-soda soil of 104871678 A of CN etc., this kind of method is mainly by applying organic fertilizer, nothing
The modifying agents such as machine fertilizer, conditioning agent, microbial manure improve soil texture, increase retention capacity of soil, improve soil nutrient or
Using absorption, displacement, neutralization, fertilizer conservation, every the methods of salt improve alkaline land soil.
In existing method, engineering waterpower improvement usually invest it is larger, improvement cost it is excessively high.Water source of fresh water is generally used for fill
The perfect area of the water conservancy projects such as foot, irrigation and drainage, for the obstructed varieties in saline-alkali areas of drought, water resources shortage, draining then not
It is applicable in.Chemical modifying general raw material composition is complex, without extensive adaptability, and operation and management are stringenter, soil
The earth curing time is very long.The biological modification method cycle is longer, slowly effect, and has higher requirement to biological species.It is especially right
In the saline-alkali soil of heavy texture, hardened phenomenon often occurs, soil permeability, gas permeability are poor, cause around seed or plant root
Oxygen lacks, and salinity directly contacts with plant epidermis cell and generate serious murder by poisoning, causes seed that cannot sprout or planting percent
It reduces, difficulty of governance is larger.Therefore, it is necessary to the modification method that hardened type saline-alkali soil is particularly to saline-alkali soil is further studied.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the modification methods for being particularly hardened type saline-alkali soil to saline-alkali soil in the prior art
Present in problem, provide it is a kind of based on structure local microenvironment hardened reclamation of salinep-alkali soil material and modification method.The party
Method by building local microenvironment in hardened serious saline-alkali soil, so as to improve root system of plant or seed surrounding soil structure and
Growing environment promotes seed sprouting and root growth.And the improved materials can improve the quality of saline-alkali soil, realize saline-alkali soil
The long-time stability of quality improvement.
One of technical scheme is a kind of hardened reclamation of salinep-alkali soil material based on structure local microenvironment, by
Iron tailings sand, fertile soil, salt resistance alkaline agent and complexing water-retaining agent composition：
Wherein, the iron tailings sand and mass percentage humous are 10 ~ 30% and 70 ~ 90%, total amount 100%；
The addition of the salt resistance alkaline agent is to make the soil Huang entropy soil moisture content of iron tailings sand and humic earth mixtures between 12 ~ 15%,
PH is 6.7 ± 0.5；
The addition of the complexing water-retaining agent is that the soil of iron tailings sand, fertile soil and salt resistance alkaline agent mixture is made to fit entropy soil moisture content to exist
Between 16 ~ 18% and make the plasticity index of composite soil for 9 ~ 12.
Further, above-mentioned improved materials, in the iron tailings sand, sand grains（Particle size range is 0.05 mm≤sand grains ＜
2mm）Content is 5 ~ 10%, powder（Particle size range is 0.002 mm≤powder ＜ 0.05mm）Content is 60 ~ 70% and clay（Grain size
Scope is ＜ 0.002mm）Content is 25 ~ 35%；Total amount is 100%.
Further, above-mentioned improved materials, the salt resistance alkaline agent include hydrolysis of polymaleic anhydride and polyacrylic acid；Preferably
, the salt resistance alkaline agent is the hydrolysis of polymaleic anhydride of solid content 48 ~ 50%, and molecular weight is 400 ~ 800, the pH of 1% aqueous solution
For 2 ~ 3.
Further, above-mentioned improved materials, the water-retaining agent that is complexed is anion-polyacrylamide, pH effective ranges
5 ~ 13, it remains to play preferable complexing in basic conditions.
The two of technical scheme are, the preparation method of above-mentioned improved materials be take in proportion iron tailings sand and
Fertile soil adds in salt resistance alkaline agent, makes the soil Huang entropy soil moisture content of composite soil between 12 ~ 15% after mixing, pH is 6.7 ± 0.5；Again
Complexing water-retaining agent is added in, the soil of composite soil is made to fit entropy soil moisture content between 16 ~ 18% and makes the plasticity index of composite soil for 9 ~ 12,
So as to which the improved materials be made.
The three of technical scheme are that a kind of hardened reclamation of salinep-alkali soil method based on structure local microenvironment is adopted
With above-mentioned improved materials, include the following steps：
1）Crop seed to be planted with the improved materials is mixed, and mixture is made to form agglomerate, so as to form preferential species
Son is sprouted and the subenvironment material of root system extension；
2）The subenvironment material built is transferred in hardened saline-alkali soil region and carries out normal production operation, farming and field pipe
Manage same field crop；Saline-alkali soil region generates class " fertile island effect " centered on subenvironment material, improve seed germination rate, into
Seedling rate and yield, and reduce soil salt content.
Further, the mass ratio of above-mentioned modification method, the crop seed and the improved materials is 1:100~300.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1. present invention process is simple, easy to implement, pollution-free, raw material sources are extensive, cheap, and production cost is low.
It is 2. with obvious effects to the hardened reclamation of salinep-alkali soil of heavy texture.In the method for the present invention, built in hardened saline-alkali soil
Local microenvironment with certain plasticity, the subenvironment by permeable, the ventilative iron tailings sand with rib block structure, with compared with
The compositions such as good fertility property and the fertile soil of structure, non-hollow billet gap, the big crack of iron tailings sand composition are more, the complexing of addition
Water-retaining agent can effectively maintain the stability and plasticity of seed surrounding local environment, and the salt resistance alkaline agent of addition can be neutralized effectively
Alkaline components around seed build local weakly acidic pH environment.Crop seed is placed in subenvironment, when it is normally sprouted and extend
After going out a part of root system, resistance greatly enhances, and generates class " fertile island effect ", organic acid secreted by root system etc. influences week
Surrounding environment accumulates organic matter and nutrient, can effectively improve planting percent and yield, at the same reduce hardened saline-alkali soil soil salt content and
Soil hardening.
3. and the improved materials can improve the quality of saline-alkali soil, realize the long-time stability of saline-alkali soil quality improvement.
4. reduce the cost that improved texture of fermented dairy products glues the hardened saline-alkali soil of weight.Since iron tailings sand is discarded for iron ore mine production
Object, improvement are realized using iron tailings sand and it are recycled, and reduce improvement cost.
Specific embodiment
Below by way of specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
The iron tailings sand used in following embodiment, from Anshan mining company Tailings Dam, is changed for Anshan type iron tailings
It learns in component, SiO2The harmful components such as content 76.1%, total iron content 11.31%, heavy metal are extremely low, meet Ministry of Agriculture's a great number of elements
The toxic element limit standard of fertilizer.Iron tailings sand sand grains（Particle size range is 0.05 mm≤sand grains ＜ 2mm）Content for 5 ~ 10%,
Powder（Particle size range is 0.002 mm≤powder ＜ 0.05mm）Content is 60 ~ 70% and clay（Particle size range is ＜ 0.002mm）
Content is 25 ~ 35%.
Embodiment 1
Improve hardening saline-alkali soil plot is treated in selection（Area 30m2, ＜ 0.01mm clay contents 34.3%, soil salt content is
4.25 ‰, pH 8.62）, level land.In the suitable cultivated phase, by the iron tailings sand of mass percent 20%（PH is 9.65）And quality
The fertile soil of percentage 80% is homogenously mixed together, and then sprays hydrolysis of polymaleic anhydride, and the soil moisture content for controlling mixed soil is
12%（Yellow entropy）, pH6.5 then sprays anion-polyacrylamide（PH effective ranges 5 ~ 14）, stir evenly, control soil
Soil moisture content is 18%（Suitable entropy）, wheat seed and mixed soil are then pressed 1:100 ratio mixes, and keeps centainly
Plasticity（Plasticity index 9）.Then strip-type sowing is carried out in plot to be improved（It prevents from pulverizing the shape for destroying subenvironment material）,
Other farming and the same field crop of field management, and control 1 is set（30m2Hardened saline-alkali soil plot）With control 2（It will be with this
The same amount of Anshan type iron tailings of embodiment, fertile soil, hydrolysis of polymaleic anhydride and anion-polyacrylamide are directly turned over
In 30m2Hardened saline-alkali soil plot in）.Wheat seeding rate, planting percent are measured during plant growth, yield and soil are surveyed after harvest
Earth salt content, pH.
Improved results are shown in Table 1.
Soil physical chemistry and Biological indicators monitoring result after a kind of table is planted
Embodiment 2
Improve hardening saline-alkali soil plot is treated in selection（Area 30m2, ＜ 0.01mm clay contents 34.3%, soil salt content is
4.25 ‰, pH 8.62）, level land.In the suitable cultivated phase, by the iron tailings sand of mass percent 10%（PH is 9.65）And quality
The fertile soil of percentage 90% is homogenously mixed together, and then sprays hydrolysis of polymaleic anhydride, and it is 15% to control mixed soil soil moisture content
（Yellow entropy）, then pH sprays anion-polyacrylamide 6.8（PH effective ranges 5 ~ 14）, stir evenly, control soil moisture in the soil
Feelings are 16%（Suitable entropy）, wheat seed and mixed soil are finally pressed 1:200 ratio mixes, and protects mixed soil
Hold certain plasticity（Plasticity index 12）.Then strip-type sowing is carried out in plot to be improved（It prevents from pulverizing and destroys subenvironment material
The shape of material）, other farming and the same field crop of field management, and control is set（30m2Hardened saline-alkali soil plot）.Growth
Period measures wheat seeding rate, planting percent, and yield, soil salt content, pH are surveyed after harvest.
Improved results are shown in Table 2.
Soil physical chemistry and Biological indicators monitoring result after table 2 is improved
Embodiment 3
Improve hardening saline-alkali soil plot is treated in selection（Area 30m2, ＜ 0.01mm clay contents 34.3%, soil salt content is
4.25 ‰, pH 8.62）, level land.In the suitable cultivated phase, by the iron tailings sand of mass percent 30%（PH is 9.65）And quality
The fertile soil of percentage 70% is homogenously mixed together, and then sprays hydrolysis of polymaleic anhydride, and it is 14% to control mixed soil soil moisture content
（Yellow entropy）, then pH 6.2 sprays anion-polyacrylamide（PH effective ranges 5 ~ 14）, stir evenly, control soil moisture in the soil
Feelings are 17%（Suitable entropy）, wheat seed and mixed soil are then pressed 1:300 ratio mixes, and keeps certain modeling
Property（Plasticity index 10）.Then strip-type sowing is carried out in plot to be improved（It prevents from pulverizing the shape for destroying subenvironment material）,
Other farming and the same field crop of field management, and control is set（30m2Hardened saline-alkali soil plot）.Growth period measures small
Wheat emergence rate, planting percent survey yield, soil salt content, pH after harvest.
Improved results are shown in Table 3.
Soil physical chemistry and Biological indicators monitoring result after the improvement of 3 subenvironment of table
Claims (8)
1. a kind of hardened reclamation of salinep-alkali soil material based on structure local microenvironment, which is characterized in that by iron tailings sand, humic
Soil, salt resistance alkaline agent and complexing water-retaining agent composition：
Wherein, the iron tailings sand and mass percentage humous are 10 ~ 30% and 70 ~ 90%；
The addition of the salt resistance alkaline agent is that the soil Huang entropy soil moisture content of iron tailings sand and humic earth mixtures is made to be that 12 ~ 15%, pH is
6.7±0.5；
The addition of the complexing water-retaining agent is that the soil of iron tailings sand, fertile soil and salt resistance alkaline agent mixture is made to fit entropy soil moisture content to be
16 ~ 18%, and make the plasticity index of composite soil for 9 ~ 12.
2. a kind of hardened reclamation of salinep-alkali soil material based on structure local microenvironment according to claim 1, feature exist
In in the iron tailings sand, sand grain content is that 5 ~ 10%, silt content is that 60 ~ 70%, clay content is 25 ~ 35%.
3. a kind of hardened reclamation of salinep-alkali soil material based on structure local microenvironment according to claim 1, feature exist
In the salt resistance alkaline agent includes hydrolysis of polymaleic anhydride and polyacrylic acid.
4. a kind of hardened reclamation of salinep-alkali soil material based on structure local microenvironment according to claim 3, feature exist
In the specification of the hydrolysis of polymaleic anhydride is：Solid content 48 ~ 50%, molecular weight are 400 ~ 800, the pH of 1% aqueous solution for 2 ~
3。
5. a kind of hardened reclamation of salinep-alkali soil material based on structure local microenvironment according to claim 1, feature exist
In the water-retaining agent that is complexed is anion-polyacrylamide, pH effective ranges 5 ~ 13.
6. a kind of preparation method of hardened reclamation of salinep-alkali soil material based on structure local microenvironment described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, takes iron tailings sand and fertile soil in proportion, salt resistance alkaline agent is added in after mixing, the soil Huang entropy soil moisture content for making composite soil is
12 ~ 15%, pH are 6.7 ± 0.5；Complexing water-retaining agent is added, the soil of composite soil is made to fit entropy soil moisture content as 16 ~ 18%, and makes mixing
The plasticity index of soil is 9 ~ 12, so as to which the improved materials be made.
7. a kind of hardened reclamation of salinep-alkali soil method based on structure local microenvironment, employs improvement material described in claim 1
Material, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
1）Crop seed to be planted with the improved materials is mixed, and mixture is made to form agglomerate, so as to form preferential species
Son is sprouted and the subenvironment material of root system extension；
2）The subenvironment material built is transferred in hardened saline-alkali soil region and carries out plantation operation.
8. a kind of hardened reclamation of salinep-alkali soil method based on structure local microenvironment according to claim 7, feature exist
In the mass ratio of the crop seed and the improved materials is 1:100~300.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113462596A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-10-01 | 山东土木启生物科技有限公司 | Microbial agent for improving soil salinization |
| CN113598005A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-11-05 | 新疆水利水电科学研究院 | Method for planting cotton in saline-alkali soil |
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| CN102936502A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-02-20 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Saline-alkali reoccurrence preventing agent prepared from iron tailings, and application thereof in saline-alkali land |
| CN104355895A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-02-18 | 柳州市潮林机械有限公司 | Special nutritional soil for osmanthus tree and preparation method thereof |
| CN105272766A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-01-27 | 北京清迈华清控股(集团)有限公司 | Method for producing novel saline-alkaline restoration fertilizer by utilizing high-silicon iron tailings and product |
| CN105819963A (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2016-08-03 | 北京清迈华清控股(集团)有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil repairing novel fertilizer produced by taking high-silicon iron tailings as raw materials |
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| CN102936502A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-02-20 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Saline-alkali reoccurrence preventing agent prepared from iron tailings, and application thereof in saline-alkali land |
| CN104355895A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-02-18 | 柳州市潮林机械有限公司 | Special nutritional soil for osmanthus tree and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113462596A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-10-01 | 山东土木启生物科技有限公司 | Microbial agent for improving soil salinization |
| CN113598005A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-11-05 | 新疆水利水电科学研究院 | Method for planting cotton in saline-alkali soil |
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